Consultation-Workshop on a Competitive Philippines in ASEAN 2015 and Webinar on ASEAN Community 2015

CONSULTATION/ WORKSHOP

ON A COMPETITIVE PHILIPPINES INASEAN 2015

Department of Science and Technology

National Research Council of the Philippines General Santos Avenue, Bicutan, Taguig City

December 2011

Contents FOREWORD 1 PHASE I: CONSULTATION/WORKSHOP FOR ASEAN 2015

One Vision, One Identity, One Community 2 National Consultation

• Cluster I 16

• Cluster II 17

• Cluster III 19

• Cluster IV 22 Regional Consultation

• NRCP-Visayas Regional Cluster ASEAN Competitiveness Consultation Output 23

• NRCP-Visayas Cluster Inputs on Identified Philippines’ Flagship Programme for the ASEAN 2015

Climate Change 24 Bio-Fuels 26 Functional Food 26 Disaster Mitigation 27 Health 28 Open Source System 30 Environment 30

• NRCP-Visayas Cluster General Comments 30

• NRCP-Mindanao Regional Cluster ASEAN Competitiveness Consultation Output 33

• NRCP-Mindanao Cluster Inputs on Identified Philippines’ Flagship Programme for the ASEAN 2015

Climate Change 36 Bio-Fuel 38 Functional Food 38 Disaster Mitigation 39 Health 39 Open Source System 41

• NRCP-Mindanao General Comments 42

PHASE II: WEBINAR ON ASEAN COMMUNITY 2015

PROGRAMME 44 WELCOME REMARKS 47

Dr. Alvin B. Culaba

NRCP President

KEYNOTE ADDRESS 48

Engr. Mario G. Montejo

Secretary, Department of Science and Technology

SESSIONS (WEBINAR) 1. Promotion of Science and Health Education and

Public Awareness on Science Policy 50 Prof. Bruce HJ McKellar

ICSU-ROAP Chair, Australia

2. The Move towards Green Growth in South Korea: Scientific, Technological and Economic Considerations 70

Dr. Hong Kum Lee

President, Korea Polar Research Inst. (KOPRI)

3. Health and Well-being in the Changing Urban Environment: A Systems Approach to an Integrated Understanding 81

Prof. Soottiporn Chittmittrapap

Secretary General

National Research Council of Thailand (NRCT)

4. ASEAN Community 2015 87 Dr. Graciano P. Yumul, Jr.

Undersecretary for R & D


SYNTHESIS OF THE WEBINAR 2015 99

Foreword During the 9th ASEAN Summit in 2003, ASEAN leaders resolved to establish the ASEAN Community. In

2007, at the 12th ASEAN Summit, the Heads of States affirmed their strong commitment to establish the

ASEAN Community by 2015. The ASEAN Community has three pillars: ASEAN Political-Security

Community, ASEAN Economic Community, and ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community forming the roadmap

for ASEAN Community 2015. Its target is the creation of a single regional economic market known as the

ASEAN Economic Community. In 2009, the 10-member ASEAN signed the Roadmap for an ASEAN

Community to 2015, leaving the member-countries with only six-year preparation period from 2009—2015

to achieve the goal “One Vision, One Identity, One Community” to enable it to become a single market

and production base, a highly competitive economic region, a region of equitable economic development,

and a region fully integrated into the global economy.

Along this line, the Government has mandated the Department of Science and Technology to work on the

policy framework for Philippine competitiveness that draws mainly on current internal strengths,

resources, and possible corrective strategies. In turn, the DOST assigned the National Research Council

of the Philippines to implement the mandate because of its acknowledged core competence in research,

backed by a national multidisciplinary membership. The consultation workshop was done mainly to draw

expert opinions, comments, suggestions, and recommendations; and to distill patterns of awareness,

disparities, and consensus on the country’s level of readiness four years away from ASEAN 2015.

The phase I of this Report is the output of the said national consultation workshop dubbed as “A

Competitive Philippines in ASEAN 2015”. This Document was submitted to the DOST Secretary during

the NRCP 78th General Membership Assembly in March 2011.

If and how was this adopted and mainstreamed since then, in the national and sectoral policies and

programs of the Philippine government, was pronounced during the Webinar on ASEAN Community 2015

– an event that coincided with the 12th Regional Committee Meeting of the International Council for

Science in Asia and the Pacific hosted by the DOST-NRCP on 11-12 November 2011 in Cebu City with 4

sites: Taguig (NRCP), Cebu(Marriott Hotel), Tacloban (UP) and Bukidnon (CMU) participated in the panel

discussions via web-video conference.

Thus, this Report covers the results of two major activities, namely, the consultation/workshop for ASEAN

2015 and the Webinar on ASEAN 2015 with the hope that this document will be a useful reference for

policy review and formulation, especially in the area of science and technology, to enhance the

competitive strength of the Philippines and ASEAN in the arena of globalized economy.

1

PHASE I: National and Regional Consultation/Workshop on a Competitive Philippines in ASEAN 2015

“One Vision, One Identity, One Community”

The National Research Council of the Philippines


23 February 2011

I. Introduction

Recent world events appear to confirm a pattern of geopolitical and socioeconomic integration that began

decades earlier. The 27-member European Union was the first to realize starting November 1993, what

many previously thought was nearly unworkable. But a confluence of many significant events like ageing

population, tepid economies, migration, intensifying internal and external trade competition, shifting

security relationships, and rising political belligerence around Europe among others apparently 1accelerated the intricate geopolitical and socioeconomic cooperation process.

Across the Atlantic, the US is gripped with immense domestic and international issues that appear to

shed its once invincible image as the Rome of the modern world. The US had most of the world’s

compassion in the aftermath of 9/11. But how it reacted to a biblical-sized episode appear to have

disrupted further its global influence. Saddled by two costly and unpopular military campaigns, massive

debts, and a frantic economic recovery effort, the US appears to look more inward and north and south of

its borders to consolidate and recuperate from a series of domestic and international setbacks. But along

with Canada and Mexico, the North American Free Trade Agreement fully integrated in January 2008 is a

gigantic trading block. It is the “world's largest free trade area, which now links 444 million people

producing $17 trillion worth of goods and services.”

In South America, Brazil is taking a more aggressive role in its neighborhood. Buoyed by surging

agriculture, mining, manufacturing and services sectors, neighbors look up to Brazil as its voice to the

world. Already, 60 Minutes featured it as “The World’s Next Economic Superpower”. It is frequently

mentioned in the same sentence with emerging economic powerhouses such as India, China, and South

Africa—the so-called BRICS countries. Cultural affinities make Brazil a natural pick as the leader for the

other mainly oil-fueled economies of Latin America.

2

1 Phase I: Output of the National and Regional Consultation/Workshop on ”A Competitive Philippines for ASEAN 2015” was consolidated by Ms. Cecilia J. Baquireza, Supervising Science Research Specialist under the supervision of Dr. Napoleon P. Hernandez former NRCP-Executive Director.

In Asia, China is the unquestionable front-page story for years to come. In 2010, it has overtaken Japan

as the world’s second largest economy valued at $5.87 trillion compared to Japan's $5.47 trillion. Yet with

its outsized population of 1.3 billion-a fifth of the world’s population, it has room large enough to expand

even domestically. China’s unrivalled average quarterly GDP growth, crisis or no crisis, from 1989

until 2010, stood at a blistering 9.31. It is the undisputed envy of the world.

While Japan slightly faded into the rear view mirror, India emerges as another economic rising star. Since

reforms were implemented in the early 1990s, it went through accelerated growth, which averaged more

than 7% annually since 1997. “India's diverse economy encompasses traditional village farming, modern

agriculture, handicrafts, a wide range of modern industries, and a multitude of services. Slightly more than

half of the work force is in agriculture. But services are the major source of economic growth, accounting

for more than half of India's output with only one-third of its labor force. India has capitalized on its large

educated English-speaking population to become a major exporter of information technology services and

software workers”.

Japan will remain a major economy. It has long ago shifted to development of 3rd wave technologies.

Already, it is talking of the future of cars today—such as building a network of “refueling” stations for

longer-distance driving electric and/or hydrogen-powered vehicles. Many of its labor-intensive production

systems are located in low-wage countries with labor surpluses.

Meanwhile, South Korea appears a downsized version of Japan. It’s a leader in shipbuilding and

consumer electronics. But it is also a step ahead in advanced technologies like biotechnology, materials

science, communications, etc. South Korea along with Taiwan and Hong Kong comprise the Tiger

Economies, which are by themselves major trading economies.

All these trading economies apparently derive their strengths from size, alliances, and technological

competitiveness. Not one economy or country stands out to possess everything. What one lacks [natural

resources], it compensates in another sphere [alliances/technological superiority]. And vice versa.

Where do all these leave the Philippines and its ASEAN neighbors?

First, the Philippines along with six other ASEAN members are also members of the Asia-Pacific

Economic Cooperation. Established in 1989, APEC is a 21-member association of economies from the

Asia-Pacific region that aims to advance regional economic integration and prosperity. This means mainly

reduction of tariffs and trade barriers.

3

Second, ASEAN+3 adds another stratum to the Philippines’ and ASEAN’s socio-economic concerns.

While there are enormous opportunities that the proposed gigantic regional block present, it can

potentially dilute further the country’s focus, resources, and whatever residual comparative advantages it

enjoys vis-à-vis its neighbors and potential partner-competitors.

Meanwhile, less than three years since the Great Recession kicked off beginning in the US, the world is

now on a two-speed growth path. Developed countries in Western Europe, North America, and Japan are

on a slow 1-4% GDP growth trajectory, while the high flying BRIC countries are rolling on a fast 8-12%

GDP growth range. The Tiger Economies feed on such two-speed world, taking advantage of market

opportunities through agile strategies to grab and increase market shares.

Global experts tentatively call this post-global recession order “the new normal”. But what is also clearer

now is the sharpening delineation of the alliances that the Philippines and ASEAN must seriously

consider leading to ASEAN 2015. Apparently, the two-speed world demands a two-speed strategy at the

minimum.

In a sense, it is imperative that the Philippines take along view of the history-shaping alliances that it must

deal with without losing full consciousness of the strategic importance of consolidating its internal

bearings. This consolidation process must be guided by broad and fast-shifting regional and global

relationships. That’s because by latching on to every important acronym outside our terrestrial borders,

every basic system of economic production in the most remote spots of the archipelago will sooner or

later have to compete with the dominant regional and global production forces. So, “think global, act local”

will stay on as a fashionable cliché while internal consolidation is incomplete.

In this way, it can sit with confidence in any negotiating table, which there will be many, with profound

knowledge of what to give and what to take at the very least. That’s because in that same table, the

economically strong will try to speak louder, explicate longer, and—when they feel necessary for drama—

whip out ancient wisdom on the value of cooperation.

In all these exercises, it is important to be reminded of what Claro M. Recto once said: In international

relations, there are no permanent friends, only permanent interests.

When stripped of all the diplomatic niceties, what ASEAN and the other trading blocks represent is the

“permanent interests” of economic security, if not dominance.

4

II. Significance of consultation workshop

In 2009, the 10-member ASEAN signed the Roadmap for an ASEAN Community to 2015. This means

each member-country has had a six-year preparation period from 2009—2015. Under the Roadmap,

ASEAN agreed that by 2015, it shall have achieved “One Vision, One Identity, One Community”, which

will allow it to compete as a block against the rest of the world.

The consultation workshop was done mainly to draw expert opinions, comments, suggestions, and

recommendations; and to distill patterns of awareness, disparities, and consensus on the country’s level

of readiness four years away from ASEAN 2015. In a sense, the workshop was a tool to achieve

consensus among and across stakeholders. Consensus, after all, is the gold standard in achieving an

integrated position on broad or sometimes divisive national and international issues.

The government believes that basic research and R&D are critical elements in accelerating national

development that disperses opportunities to the greatest number of people in terms of knowledge,

employment, and socioeconomic advancement.

Along this line, the government has mandated the Department of Science and Technology to work on the

policy framework for Philippine competitiveness that draws mainly on current internal strengths,

resources, and possible corrective strategies.

In turn, DOST has assigned the National Research Council of the Philippines to implement the mandate

because of its acknowledged core competence in research, backed by a national multidisciplinary

membership.

III. Is the Philippines ready for the ASEAN 2015 Vision? To determine the Philippines’ readiness for ASEAN integration, the NRCP has implemented a national

consultation across disciplines and sectors in Luzon [Dec 2010], and Visayas and Mindanao [January

2011]. The 336 participants in the consultation are also spread in Luzon [225], Visayas [67], and

Mindanao [44].

To achieve focus, NRCP’s 13 divisions were classified into four clusters such as:

1. Cluster I

a. Division I [Governmental, Educational, and International Policies]

b. Division VIII [Social Sciences]

c. Division XI [Humanities]

5

2. Cluster II

a. Division II [Mathematical Sciences]

b. Division VII [Engineering and Industrial Research]

c. Division IX [Physics]

d. Division XII [Earth and Space Sciences]

3. Cluster III

a. Division III [Medical Sciences]

b. Division IV [Pharmaceutical Sciences]

c. Division X [Chemical Sciences]

4. Cluster IV

a. Division V [Biological Sciences]

b. Division XIII [Veterinary Medicine]

c. Division VI [Agriculture and Forestry]

Their participations were deemed critical to determine the variables that need attention, focus, and

corrective action to achieve readiness for the Philippines to its imminent integration to ASEAN

Community. These variables are political-security, economic, and socio-cultural aspects.

I. Output of Consultations

Cluster I Area: Human Resource Socio-Cultural Capital for Building Filipino and ASEAN Identity

Goals

To build socio-cultural capital by linking culture to national development

Recommended Action

Harness indigenous knowledge system and practices, and promote Filipino cultural

strengths for ASEAN cooperation and participation

Completion of information regarding cultural or social profiles of Filipinos at the regional

and provincial levels

Policy Recommendations

The Philippines should integrate ASEAN awareness in basic education without

expanding the curriculum. It should also emphasize the mother tongue as the language

of teaching

Inclusion of peace, development, and gender equity in education

Issue/s for Resolution

The use of mother tongue as the language of teaching might not be a good policy since

domestic “tongues” cannot be used in communicating with other peoples in ASEAN

and the global community

6

Area: Human Resource Development and Advancing Education

Goals

To promote and prioritize education, and develop human resources for S&T

Recommended Actions

Ensure sufficient resources for education, and improve the quality of education and

training in science and engineering

Improve the capability of colleges and universities to offer graduate programs

especially in science and engineering

Increase the number of S&T professionals

Improve the quality of S&T feeders and graduates

Encourage foreign-based experts to come home

Provide concrete incentives for researchers including the unloading of teaching work


The Philippines should de-clog the curriculum and adopt creative learning approaches

to actualize functional literacy, and enhance public-private partnership and cooperation

in education

Investments in S&T HRD should continue, and in relation to population growth

The “voucher system” for public school students in private schools should be re-

evaluated

Alternative models for recruitment and training of teachers especially at the secondary

level should be explored

It should continue to develop school infrastructure including broadband connectivity

Issues for Resolution

Inconsistency in policy implementation on the use of mother tongue as language of

teaching at the primary level

The curriculum has too many subjects—some might not be relevant. Only the essential

subjects should be retained

Reduction of class sizes

Proliferation of substandard state universities and colleges created by legislation

Inequitable allocation of funds continues in spite the excellent programs in SUCs

located in regions outside the NCR. In fact, 50% of funds allocated to the UP system is

equivalent to the combined budget of more than 120 SUCs nationwide

7

Area: Developing Economic Competitiveness Goals

To encourage bilateral and multilateral trade cooperation agreements with as many

countries as possible [North-South, South-South]

To implement trade promotions and assistance

Recommended Actions

Implement information dissemination regarding products, trade volume requirements,

and quality control systems

Achieve consistency from goals to policy implementation


The Philippines should plan and implement programs to achieve food security

It should provide a comprehensive package of mechanisms to raise economic

productivity

It should develop a system of protection for the health of women involved in

international trade

Cluster II There are 4 Key Issues that the cluster has identified, such as:

1. Urban Flooding Urban flooding is invariably a result of improper land use zoning that leads to residential

and commercial developments in flood-prone areas. This faulty approach in turn often

results to drainage problem like clogging or overfilling.


A study should be carried out on flood patterns that consider future changes in land use

due to urbanization, river basin flow and sedimentation, and climate change-induced

extreme events and weather fluctuations. Results of such study should guide the

implementation of land use planning and flood plain zoning. This will preclude the

development of residential and commercial centers in flood-prone areas, and the

construction of infrastructure in river flooded plains.

Real time rainfall prediction and flood forecasting system should be put in operation to

provide early warning system and reference for evacuation procedures.

2. Energy The cluster identified biofuels as domestic alternative/renewable energy source. But there

is a concern that it will compete with food production from a shrinking land and water

resources. Land conversion following capacity expansion also generates substantial carbon

footprint.

8

But the cluster also backs an expansion of current researches to cover malunggay and

other crops as potential biofuels sources and carbon sinks

Meanwhile, in many countries where biofuel production is directly or indirectly subsidized,

production targets exceed their resource base. This has resulted to rising trade between

surplus producers and net consumers.

On the other hand, the quest for the Holy Grail of biofuels should be done in parallel with

R&D on other alternative and renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and tidal among

others. Across these efforts, production efficiency and cost should be a key consideration.

Key Research Needs

The cluster categorized key research needs to enhance the production and use of biofuels

in the country. [1] Basic research should be undertaken on new biofuel crops and

feedstocks, novel conversion techniques, process intensification, other biofuels like DME

and biobutanol, biorefinery design, and system engineering and policy studies.

[2] On the other hand, applied research should be carried out including incremental

improvements in first generation biofuel technologies and on crop yields, “proto-biorefinery”

demonstration, and on opportunities for maximum use of biofuels byproducts.

3. Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation The cluster cited renewable energy sources as climate change mitigation option.

Meanwhile adaptation to climate change includes forecasting of future climate patterns,

vulnerability assessments, and access to adaptation funds.

4. Data Mining for Environment Management There is a problem on data accessibility and cooperative frameworks. This can be solved

through next generation computing infrastructure that’s capable to provide intensive

computation and analysis of shared large-scale databases among and across the scientific

communities in the country.

Recommended Actions

The Philippines should do benchmarking against ASEAN members Indonesia,

Malaysia, and Thailand to obtain critical data and determine outstanding issues and

best practices in the region where the country may need to improve its competence.

Benchmarking results may lead to policy shifts.

Establish satellite database centers in Visayas and Mindanao

Effective policy information dissemination and implementation

9

Key Issues + Main Objectives To achieve parity with the region’s best, there are key issues that might need to be

harmonized with the main objectives such as:

Increasing the number of graduate degree holders [manpower]

Increasing R&D investments [money/funds]

Changing method/processes to be responsive to S&T needs [methods/processes]

Creating incentives to spur innovations, publications in ISI covered scientific journals,

and integration of publication cost in research grants

Requiring public funded researches to apply for patents to generate intellectual

property portfolio [materials]

Improving resilience to natural disasters through quick and timely response

[machines/technology]


The Philippines should emphasize MRA on degrees and licenses to facilitate cross

border employment

Peer monitoring mechanism should be integrated in outright grants

Development of alternative energy generation as cottage industries

A review of RA 9184 should be considered to enhance its substantive and specific

purposes, effectiveness, and relevance in the light of new developments and expanding

environment

Development of stronger collaboration mechanisms with LGUs on disaster maps,

vulnerability maps, etc.

Cluster III Area: Human Resource Development

Goals

To strengthen assistance for education and training to increase the ratio of S&T

personnel to the general population

To create incentives that would encourage innovations and scientific publications in ISI

and Scopus covered journals

To establish career paths in R&D


Allocation of 2% of GDP for S&T/R&D

Inclusion of research publications in other NRCP clusters

DOST should lead the publications of peer-reviewed journals

Full implementation of the provisions of the Magna Carta for S&T Personnel in

Government

10

Area: Linkages and Networks Goals

To develop linkages and to encourage multidisciplinary approach

To promote multidisciplinary networking

Area: Standards and Conformance of All Types of Testing Laboratories

Goals

To enhance technical infrastructure through international accreditation of additional

domestic testing laboratories and certification bodies

Recommended Actions

Identify the capabilities of testing laboratories

Develop a database of laboratories that are compliant to ISO 17025 and help other

laboratories to gain accreditation

Accreditation of private laboratories to complement government test and analysis

services

Maintain a database of technical analysts in cooperation with the Professional Regulation

Commission


Promulgate [or create?] a National Quality Law that integrates/harmonizes accreditation,

certification, standards, metrology, and testing systems

Harmonize the mandates and functions of government regulatory agencies like DOH, DA,

DENR, BPS, FDA, EMB, NMIS, BPI, etc.

Link Food and Drug Administration with companies selling health products with “No

Therapeutic Claims” for strict regulation

Formulate mutual recognition agreements

Area: Linkages and Networks Goals

To create a hub of expertise and encourage multidisciplinary approach in working on the

following:

o Key problem areas such as disaster mitigation and preparedness, food security,

biodiversity conservation, adaptation to climate change, health

o Key development areas such as genomics, proteomics, metabolomics;

nanotechnology, chemical/biochemical synthesis

11

Policy Recommendation

Create a law that would prescribe the tools, methods, and resources to resolve the key

problems and promote the development areas

Area: Access to Efficient Health Care Goal

To improve access to efficient health care


Development and training of health professionals with multidisciplinary orientation to

facilitate access to health information and education, reproductive health, alternative

medicine, nutrition, communicable diseases, and poverty and lifestyle diseases.

Implement the Philippine Human Genome project to determine the unique genetic profile

of Filipinos for better understanding and management of diseases, and development of

more efficient diagnostic systems and drugs

Area: Access to Quality and Affordable Pharmaceutical Products Goals

To improve access to quality and affordable pharmaceutical products

To enhance the role of clinical pharmacists in health care

Recommended Actions

Comply with harmonized ASEAN standards on generic pharmaceutical products,

traditional medicine, and health supplements


The Philippines should fully implement rules and programs on CGMP, GLP, GCP, etc

Implement R&D on Halal to expand from food to pharmaceuticals and other products;

integrate Halal in curriculum as major, elective or cognate subjects

Cluster IV The cluster has identified four priority areas with specific “champions” or responsible line

agencies, such as:

1. Environment [Champion: Department of Environment and Natural Resources]

Goals

To evaluate and harmonize existing national and international laws and regulations

To be compliant to ECC rules and monitor the implementation of such rules

To protect and conserve biodiversity

General: To identify and secure fund support to operationalize the programs

To institute a fast track mechanism in providing funds for basic researches

General: To have access to and strengthen linkages and networks with identified

groups and agencies

12

To establish a mechanism for ASEAN member-countries to generate and

pool resources that can be used for environment restoration and

rehabilitation, and for sustainable use of natural resources

To harness indigenous knowledge systems and practices on biodiversity

conservation

Current Status

There is no systematic monitoring of compliance to national and international laws and

regulations

There is inconsistent and unclear measurement of carbon credits and green index for

institutions

There are inconsistencies and rampant non-compliance to ECC and related laws and

regulations; ECC can be obtained even for illegal operations

There is insufficient mechanism on funding and access to resources

Constraints

Acquisition of appropriate equipment and materials for research is difficult, circuitous, and

slow, etc.

There is evident lack of funds, and coordination and harmonization within and among

concerned agencies. Contradicting political objectives or pressures muddle the situation

further.

There is a strong pro-environment advocacy model like ban on use of plastics in Los Baños,

Laguna, and the cities of Mandaluyong and Muntinlupa in Metro Manila

Action Plan and Timetable

The cluster will focus on organizational meetings during the first year [Y1] leading to ASEAN 2015

to execute benchmarking, review, and harmonization activities. These will be followed by

simulation [Y2], finalization [Y3], validation [Y4], and refinement [Y5].

Support and Assistance Requirements

The two keys that the cluster identified for a litter-free road to ASEAN 2015 are 1] funding

resources, and 2] strict implementation and monitoring of environment laws and regulations

13

2. Biotechnology [Champions: Department of Science and Technology, Department of

Agriculture]

Goals

General: To implement and harmonize existing laws on biotechnology

Adoption and use of ASEAN member-countries of Philippine biosafety standards/model

Current Status

There are existing biotechnology related laws in the country, such as:

Executive Order No. 430 [Laboratory Experiments]

Administrative Order No. 8 [Field Testing, and Utilization of Biotechnology Derived-

Products]

Executive Order No. 514 [National Biosafety Framework of the Philippines]

Biosafety standard in the Philippines imposes the monitoring of biotechnology activities

through the IBC, NCBP, and DA-BPI

It is difficult to implement biotechnology initiatives in the country due to many policies

There is a depletion of biotechnology experts in the country


The government should upgrade biotechnology programs and laboratories without biases for

related laboratories in University of the Philippines system

3. Food Safety [Champions: Department of Agriculture, Department of Health]

Goals

The Philippine government should formulate a common Food Safety Standard

General: To institute or revive proper coordination among concerned agencies on food

safety

To ensure compliance to ASEAN food safety standards

To adopt locally developed technologies

To establish maximum residue limit and withdrawal period for drugs

To raise public awareness through IEC

Current Status

There is a draft Senate Bill on Food Safety authored by Sen. Loren Legarda

There is RA 10068 [Organic Agriculture Law]

There are available local diagnostic technologies

There are product standards in place

14


The Philippines should create a law on labeling of food products

[Note: DOST-ITDI’s R&D Packaging Center has expertise on labeling of food

products]

The Philippines should review/adopt the findings of the joint FAO-WHO Committee on Food

Additives along with those on HACCP, Halal, etc.

4. Professional Services [Champions: Commission on Higher Education, Professional

Regulation Commission]

Goals

To harmonize teaching curricula for allied professions

To establish MRA that involves educational institutions on professional education

To establish MRA that involves professional organizations and employers

To harmonize professional licensure examinations

Current Status

There are distinct curricula for environmentalists, foresters, agriculturists, biologists, food

technologists, veterinarians, and allied professionals

Lack of two [2] years of pre-college education makes Filipino college graduates

unacceptable/unrecognized based on ASEAN standards

Additional 2 years of basic education is objectionable

Observations

Generally, there is awareness on basic issues that the country [government] must sort, distill,

work on to improve, and decide to follow to be on a position of strength leading to ASEAN 2015.

Notably, there is an emergent consensus across the disciplines and clusters on the imperative of

harmonizing laws, policies, resources; decentralization of resources, consistency in the

implementation of laws, rules, and standards; and the enduring value of human resource

development particularly on education and training.

Overall, there are three main concerns that seep from the consultations, such as:

Continuing human resource development

Enhanced policy design, development, and implementation

Forward looking budget allocation

15

CLUSTER I OUTPUT

HumanitiesDivision XI

Social SciencesDivision VIII

Governmental, Educational and International Policies

Division I

TITLEDIVISION

There is a huge amount of work ahead to translate all the issues into effective and productive

programs. And there are at least three paths to choose:

Legislation [Congress]

Executive/Administrative Orders

Department level programs/initiatives

Each path has strengths and drawbacks, control and decontrol mechanisms, and distinctive

tactical and strategic quality. Whatever path is taken, it is useful to be aware that the regional

environment is evolving rapidly because of the compelling pressures of an equally rapidly

changing ecosystem within and outside ASEAN.

National Consultation Cluster I

16

Area: Human Resource Socio-Cultural Capital for Building Filipino and ASEAN

IdentityGoals Policy

Recommendations

Build socio-cultural capital by linking

culture to national development

Harness IKSP (indigenous knowledge system and practices)

Integrate ASEAN awareness in basic education without

adding to curriculum

Promote Filipino cultural strengths for

ASEAN cooperation and participation

Emphasize teaching in mother tongue


Goals Policy Recommendations

Advance and prioritize education

Ensure and/or increase sufficient resources for

education

Declog curriculum to actualize functional

literacyDevelop human

resources for S&TInvest in human

resource development by improving quality

education and training in science and engineering

Strengthen and enhance public-private

partnership and cooperation in education

Increase # of S&T professionals

Continue with investments on S&T HRD

Re-evaluate “voucher system” for public school

students in private schools



Develop human resources for S&T

(Con’t).

Improve quality of S&T feeders and graduates

Find alternative modalities for recruiting

and training teachers especially at secondary

level

Develop school infrastructures and

provide for ICT broadband

Cluster II

17

Area: Developing Economic Competitiveness


Encourage bi- and multi-lateral trade

cooperation with as many countries (N-S,

and S-S) as possible

Food security for Local self-sufficiency

Trade promotions and assistance

Information dissemination re

products, volume, quality control

Providing for economic productivity

Protection for migrant women’s health for international trade

Cluster Members• Division I : Dr. Ester B. Ogena• Division VIII : Prof. Carmencita T. Aguilar• Division XI : Prof. Felipe M. de Leon, Jr.

First Consultation/Luzon• Cluster Chair : Dr. Ester B. Ogena• Facilitator : Dr. Elena E. Pernia• Rapporteur : Dr. Reuben R. Cañete

CLUSTER II OUTPUT

Earth and Space SciencesDivision XII

PhysicsDivision IX

Engineering and Industrial ResearchDivision VII

Mathematical SciencesDivision II

TITLEDIVISION

CLUSTER II

Data Mining for Environmental Mgt.Data Mining for Environmental Mgt.

• Problem on Data Accessibility & Collaborative Frameworks

• generation computing infrastructure providing intensive computation and analysis of shared large-scale databases across widely distributed scientific communities in the country

Versus Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia

Actual data need to be obtained

Most issues = need to increase competence

Require policy shifts

18

Disaster Mitigation and Risk Management

Energy

Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation

Data Mining for Environmental Mgt.

Disaster Mitigation and Risk Management

• Urban Flooding

• design and development of automatic weather station

•Improper landuse zoning

•Residential and commercial developments in floodprone areas

•Local drainage problem

•Implement proper landuse planning and floodplain zoning to avoid residential or commercial developments infloodprone areas and also construction infrastructures in riverflood plains.

•Conduct floodstudies that consider future landusechanges especially due to urbanization, extreme events and fluctuations due to climatechange, and riverbasin flow and sedimentation.

•Operationalize real-time rainfall prediction and floodforecasting system to provide early warning system and proper flood evacuation procedures.

Specific Structural and Non-structural Measures to Address Urban Flooding Problems in the Philippines Energy - BIOFUELS

Competition with food production for increasingly scarce land and water resources

Land conversion resulting from capacity expansion generates significant carbon footprint

Many countries have set biofuel production targets that exceed their resource base, resulting in increased trade between surplus producers and net consumers

In many countries, biofuel production is directly or indirectly subsidized

Manpower

Money

Methods/process

Materials

Machines/Technology

Increase number of people with graduate degrees

Increase investments in R&D

Methods/processes should be changed to be responsive to S&T needs

Require govt funded researches to have patent applications/ intellectual property generation

Improve resilience to natural disasters: Quick and timely response

\

19

Biofuels: Key Research Needs

BASIC RESEARCHNew biofuel crops and feedstocksNovel conversion techniquesProcess intensificationNew biofuels (e.g., DME, biobutanol)Biorefinery designSystems engineering studiesPolicy studies

APPLIED RESEARCHIncremental improvements in established first-generation biofueltechnologiesIncremental improvements in crop yieldsOpportunities for maximum utilization of byproducts“Proto-biorefinery”demonstration projects

Climate Change: Mitigation and AdaptationClimate Change: Mitigation and Adaptation

• Mitigation: renewable energy sources

• Adaptation: projection of future climate; vulnerability assessments; access to adaptation funds

1. Emphasize MRA – degrees, licenses, employment opportunities

2. Outright grants – peer monitoring

3. Review of RA 9184

4. S&T should be seen as an independent mover of development

Mathematical Sciences, Engineering and Industrial Research, Physics, and Earth

and Space Sciences

Cluster III

20

Cluster III Output

Division III Medical SciencesChair: Dr. Carmelita Domingo

Division IV Pharmaceutical SciencesChair: Dr. Zenaida G. Sadiwa

Division X Chemical SciencesChair: Dr. Irene Villasenor

Area: Human Resource Development

GOALSPOLICY

RECOMMENDATION

Strengthen assistance for education & training to increase ratio of scientists & technologists to general population

2% of the GDP should be allocated for S & T research


GOALS POLICY RECOMMENDATION

Create incentives to encourage innovations and scientific publications in ISI & Scopus accredited journals



Establish attractive career paths in R&D

Fully implement magna carta for S & T

Area: Linkages and Networks


Develop linkages to encourage

multidisciplinary approach (involving natural scientists,

technologists & social scientists) to solving

problems



Promote multidisciplinary networking & linkages

21

Area: Linkages and NetworksGOALS POLICY RECOMMENDATION

•Create hub of expertise around key problem and development areas of the Philippines •Problem areas:Disaster mitigation & preparedness, food security, biodiversity conservation, adaptation to climate change, health problems

Create legislation for these key problems and development areas.


GOALSPOLICY

RECOMMENDATION• Development Areas:Genomics, proteomics,metabolomics, etc.;nanotechnology; Chemical/ biochemical synthesis

Area: Standards & Conformance of Testing Laboratories (all types)

GOALSPOLICY

RECOMMENDATION

Maintain database of analysts with technical capabilities in cooperation with PRC

Harmonize, and standardize the various government regulatory bodies (e.g. BPS, FDA, DOH, EMB, NMIS, Pesticide Lab (BPI), etc.

Area: Standards & Conformance of Testing Laboratories (all types)


Identify capabilities of testing laboratories

AREA: ACCESS TO EFFICIENT HEALTH CARE


Improve access to efficient health care.

Reproductive HealthHealth Information and Education

Alternative MedicineNutritionCommunicable Diseases & Diseases of PovertyPhilippine Human Genome Project

Create a multi-potential health professional

AREA: Access to Quality Affordable Pharmaceutical Products

GOALS Plan of Action POLICY RECOMMENDATION

Improve access to quality affordable pharmaceutical products

Enhance the role of clinical pharmacists in health care delivery

Compliance to ASEAN harmonized standards:GenericsTraditional MedicineHealth Supplements

Pharmacovigilance

Full implementation of CGMP, GLP, GCP

STRENGTHENING THE PHILIPP INES FOR ASE AN COM PETITIVE NE SSCLUSTER PRIO RIT Y

AR EASOBJ ECT IVES/

GO AL SCURRENT STATUS CO NSTRAINT S CHAMPION S

PLAN OF ACT IO N AND

SUPPO RT AND ASSIST ANCE P OL ICY

R EC OMME ND A TIONSTIMET ABLE REQ UIREMENTS

1 . Env iro nment Evaluate and harmoni ze the exist ing nat ional and internat ional laws and regul ati ons

No systemati c moni torin g of compli ance

purchasing of equi pment/mate rial s fo r rese arch

DENR Y1-ORG ANIZ AT IO NAL MEETING: benchmarking/review/h armon izat ion

Fundi ng resources

Y2- simulationY3- f inal izati on

Inconsisten ci es and non-compli ance to exi st ing laws and regul ati ons

non-compl iance

Y4- vali dat ion

Strict imple men tat ion and moni tori ng of existi ng laws and re gulations

Compli ance/ monitoring to and of ECC

ECC l ack of coordi nati on and harmoni zatio n among and withi n concerned agen ci es

Y5- ref inementl ack of fu nding resources

Protection a nd conservat ion of bi odiversity

contradict ing pol it ical obj ecti ve s

GENERAL: Fu nd support to operat ion alize the programs

F unding and resource mechani sm i s i nsuf f icient

STRENGTHENING THE P HI LIP PINES FO R ASEAN COM PETITIVENES SCLUST ER PRIORIT Y

AREASO BJECTIVES/

GO ALSCURRENT ST ATUS

CO NST RAINTS C HAMPIONS

PL AN OF ACTION AND

SUPPORT AND ASSIST ANCE POLICY

RECOMMEND ATIONST IMETABLE REQUIREMENTS

1. Enviro nmen t GENERAL: To have access/strengthen l inkages and n etworks with i denti f ied groups an d agencie s

Presence of ASEAN Centre fo r Bi odiv ersi ty

Establi sh a mechanism for ASEAN countri es to generateand pool th eir resource s for th e restorat io n and rehabil itat ion of th e environ men t and sustain able ut ili za tion of natural resource s

IKS pract ices and IPs conservati on

S TRENGTHENING THE PHILIPPI NE S FOR ASE AN COM PETITIV ENE SSCLUSTER PRIO RIT Y

AREASOBJECTIVES

/GOAL SCURR ENT

STATUSCONST RAINTS CHAMPIONS

PLAN O F ACTION AND

SUPPORT AND ASSIST ANCE PO LICY

RECO MMENDAT IO NSTIMET ABLE REQUIREMENTS

2. Biotech nolo gy

G ENERAL: Implementat ion and ha rmon izati on of e xisti ng l aws

Existi ng laws e. g. lab oratory experiments-EO430; AO #8 on F iel d Testi ng; Ut ili za tion of use of bio logical ly-derive d products-

DOST and DA

Adopt io n by al l ASEAN coun tries to use our bi osafe ty standard/ mode l

Monitoring o f IBC, NCBP and DA-BPI

EO 51 4-Nat ional Biosafety Framework o f th e Phil ippi nes

3. Fo od Safety Formulate a common F ood Safety Standard

Draf t bill on Foo d Safety Stand ard by Sen. Legarda

DA and DOH cong re ss legisl ati ve

S TRENGTHENI NG THE PHILIPPI NES FOR ASE AN COM PETITIVE NE SSCLUST ER PRIO RIT Y

AREASO BJECTIVES

/GO ALSCUR RENT

STAT USC ONSTR AINT S CHAMPIO NS

PL AN O F ACT ION AND

SUPPORT AND ASSISTANCE POL ICY

RECOMMENDATIONSTIMET ABLE REQUIREMENT S

3. Fo od Safety GENERAL: Inst itut ional ize/re vive proper coordina ti on among concerned agenci es

Exist ing l aws e.g. RA 1006 8 on organic agri cul tu re law

Ensure compli ance to ASEAN stand ards

l abell ing

Adopt local ly-devel oped tech nologi es

Avail able l ocal di agnosti c technolog ies

Establ ish maximum residue limi t, withdrawal period for drugs

Product Sta ndard

Awareness/ IEC

4. Profes sio nal Services

Harmonized curricula for all professi ons

F ood technolog ists, agri cul tu ri sts, bi ologi sts, foresters, envi ronmental pract it ioners, veterinari ans, and oth er al lied professi onals

CHED and PRC

STRENGTHENING THE PHILIPPINES FOR ASEAN COMPETITIVENESSCLUSTER PRIORITY

AREASOBJECTIVES/

GOALSCURRENT STATUS

CONSTRAINTSCHAMPION

S

PLAN OF ACTION AND

SUPPORT AND ASSISTANCE POLICY

RECOMMEN DATIONSTIMETABLE REQUIREMENTS

4. Professional Services

Esta blish MRA involving professional orga nizations an d emplo yers

Esta blish MRA for professional ed uca ti on involving ed uca ti onal institutions

Harmonizati on of l icensure examinati ons for professional s

1-ORGANIZATIONAL MEETING: benchmarking or review orharmoni zatio n 2- simulation 3- f inalization 4- va lidatio n 5- refinement

Cluster IV

22

Regional Consultation

Visayas NRCP-VISAYAS REGIONAL CLUSTER ASEAN COMPETITIVENESS CONSULTATION OUTPUT

CLUSTER I: GOVERNMENTAL, EDUCATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL POLICIES, SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES

1. Incomplete information regarding cultural/social map of Filipinos by region/province --- primary

capital for human resource

2. Inconsistency in the implementation of policy on teaching the primary graders using the mother

tongue/local language

3. Proliferation of sub-standard colleges and universities that were created by legislation

4. Improvement of the capability of existing colleges and universities to offer graduate programs

especially in engineering and sciences

5. Non-equitable allocation of funds to continue the offering of excellent programs in SCUs

especially in regions far from Manila; ½ of the budget allocated to UP is equivalent to the budget

given to 120+ SCUs in the country

CLUSTER II: MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES, ENGINEERING AND INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH, PHYSICS, AND EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCES

1. Need for more effective dissemination and implementation of approved policies

2. More support in the use of alternative energy sources (solar, wind, etc.)

3. Research to bring down cost of production of biofuel (e.g bioethanol) and other essential products

4. Collaboration with LGUs regarding disaster maps, vulnerability maps, etc.

CLUSTER III: MEDICAL SCIENCES, PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES

AND CHEMICAL SCIENCES

1. Harmonization of accreditation standards of various government agencies (DENR, DOH, BFAR

and DA) in lab testing

2. Formulation of MRA (Mutual Recognition Agreement)

3. Accreditation of private laboratories to complement analytical services offered by government

laboratories

4. Linkage with FDA of companies selling drugs with “No Therapeutic Claim” 23

CLUSTER IV: BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY AND VETERINARY MEDICINE

1. Lack of 2 years of pre-college makes our college graduates unacceptable/not recognized based

on ASEAN standards

The Visayas Cluster strongly objects to additional 2 yrs in basic education. Let us not be

dependent on foreign employment for our graduate but instead we should develop our economy

so that they can all work in the Philippines

2. Measurement of carbon credits and green index of institutions

3. Advocacy issues as in use of plastics – Los Baños, Laguna and Mandaluyong banned the use of

plastics

4. Issue on pandemic outbreaks and wildlife carriers of diseases

5. Non-implementation of regulatory laws and policies – can obtain ECC even for illegal operations

6. Difficult to implement biotech initiatives due to many policies

NRCP-VISAYAS CLUSTER INPUTS ON IDENTIFIED PHILIPPINES’ FLAGSHIP PROGRAMME ON ASEAN 2015

1. ASEAN FLAGSHIP PROGRAMME: CLIMATE CHANGE

SCENARIO AT PRESENT:

• Extreme weather conditions – heat and rainfall, not happening seasonally

• Limited to reduction of fossil fuel emission

• High impact on production

• Lack of clear agenda for environment and climate change

• Lacks nationwide awareness

SCENARIO DURING THE ASEAN 2015

• Implement fully the anti-pollution law

• Philippines can adequately respond to disasters and households have taken steps to reduce risks

from climate change

• May extend to all facets of life/governance

• Under capacity to respond

• Culture sensitive to environment and climate change

24

GAPS TO BE ADDRESSED:

• A device for monitoring CO2 footprints and ways of reducing CO2 sink

• Lack of information/guidelines on climate change preparedness and adaptability in all sectors of

the society

• Low accessibility to technology which reduces risks

• No dissemination of effective response to extreme weather conditions

• High cost of certification/verification process of carbon credit system, that small savings with

Green House Gas (CHG) emission are not monetized as incentive

• Identify climate change impact areas and provide policies to mitigate effects

• More focused direction

• Policies on the clean and green technology

• Capability building on measuring carbon footprints, green index, carbon credits

• Extensive information and awareness and strict implementation down to the grassroot level

• Lack of advocacy for preparedness/awareness of climate change

WHAT SHOULD WE BE DOING:

• R&D on effects of climate change on tropical terrestrial and marine resources

• Estimate Carbon footprints of industries, etc.

• Teach people about conservation of forests, waste disposal

• All sectors concerned should be well-informed and ready anytime

• There must be a government unit that shall handle the packaging and facilitate the issuance of

Certificate of Emission Reduction (CER) or Verified Emission Reduction.

• CER- for big projects and VER-for small projects

• Shift to fuels with lesser emissions

• Energy efficiency improvement studies for products and services to be competitive

• Inventory all resources and anticipate which ones are prone to climate change effects

• Watershed rejuvenation

• Extension research for climate change mitigation and adaptation

• Readiness of LGUs should be determined through surveys

• Conduct orientation/awareness/advocacy campaign for climate change awareness

25

2. ASEAN FLAGSHIP PROGRAMME: BIO-FUEL SCENARIO DURING THE ASEAN 2015:

• Bio-fuel, solar, wind energies are widely accepted and used by industry


• Low productivity and low production of coconut for coco methyle ester (CME) or bio-diesel

• Provide more funds to research

• R&D on bio-fuel are not enough


• R&D on bio-fuel from marine resources

• Promote use of alternative energy sources – solar and wind energy

• No to coal!

• Government intervention required/tax incentives and government support needed

• Massive plantation, rejuvenation of coconut

• Define and locate areas suitable to coconut

• Provide support services/components (funds, technology (breeding, production, process),

legislative support requiring a portion of land owners’ vacant/idle lands to be planted with coconut

• Focus more on competitive production of biodiesel

• Research and Development

• Extensive study to reduce the cost of bio-fuel, solar and wind energy

• Tapping local resources (i.e. non-food seaweeds)

• Full and sustained support from the government

• Conduct R&D on other sources of bio-fuel. (Inter-agency R&D) SUC, DOE, DOST

3. ASEAN FLAGSHIP PROGRAMME: FUNCTIONAL FOOD SCENARIO DURING THE ASEAN 2015:

• No harmonized/unified policies regarding food safety standard (aquaculture products both raw

and processed) among ASEAN member countries

• Safe food as properly regulated by respective agencies

26


• Standardization of protocols e.g. drug residue detection in aquatic products

• Lack of continuity due to change in manpower.

• Leadership should not constrain the implementation of the already approved project

• Lack of funding support


• R&D on bioactive components of functional food

• More support for acquisition of appropriate instrumentation to support R&D

• Implementation of laws and monitoring information dissemination

• Lobby at congress/government executives to allot 5-10% GDP to R&D

• Actively participate in creation of good policies

• Crop yield productivity improvement studies

• Harmonized methods for extraction, concentration etc. from each source (raw materials)

• Can educational institutions to be tapped for this?

• Availment of funding support from DOST, GFIs

4. ASEAN FLAGSHIP PROGRAMME: DISASTER MITIGATION SCENARIO AT PRESENT:

• Not coordinated and no direction

• Myopic view of risk management

SCENARIO DURING THE ASEAN 2015:

• There must be disaster-alerting mechanism. It must be fully functional

• Some areas may be prone to disaster brought about by climate change

• More vulnerable without any action


• Infuse with LGU programs and make compulsory (by policy) in disaster prone areas

• Translate to policies

• Provide funds for disaster mitigation

• No coordinated plans

• DENR has vulnerability maps what is needed is dissemination for strict implementation

• Lack of dissemination reaching barangay level implementation 27

• Source of fund to sustain

• Encouragement and capability building to help personnel

• Lack of networking/not enough coordination IEC as far as disaster mitigation is concerned with

LGU and barangay folks

• High cost of Automated rain gauge and water level equipment


• R&D to mitigate floods, typhoons, earthquake, volcanic eruptions and other disasters

• Environmental protection

• Early warning and info dissemination

• Strict implementation without exception the policies related to disaster mitigation

• Early warning system

• Adaptation: build toilets, develop life rafts, life jackets for disaster preparedness

• Watershed rejuvenation

• Strict compliance of available guidelines

• Continuous revision of guidelines to meet the changing needs of times

• Put the fund/logistical support for disaster mitigation programs

• El Niño and El Niña Phenomena links to agricultural pest blooms

• More IEC materials needed/advocacy campaign

• Encourage researchers, engineers/inventors to fabricate flood early warning system equipment

locally comparable to the imported ones

5. ASEAN FLAGSHIP PROGRAMME: HEALTH SCENARIO AT PRESENT:

• Still lack of health facilities and support

• Genetically modified organisms/GM foods

• More diseases brought about by climate change

• This issue is related to poverty and access to education

• Lacks access to on-line journals or books for sustained research effort


• Entry of ASEAN doctors and medical industry specialists

• Reduction of poverty incidence

• Philippines should have sustained access to on-line journals and books 28


• No proper food labeling

• Standards in food safety

• Government should provide more support/incentives for local inventors especially in the IPR

application of pharmaceuticals

• Certifications and standards

• Intervention for poverty alleviation

• Access to journals and books for sustained support for research

• Links of climate change to disease occurrence

• Policies for bioethical issues

• Proliferation of nutraceuticals/food supplements which has not undergone clinical laboratory

research to confirm efficacy.

• Proliferation of herbal food supplement

• No control in the market

• Safety issues


• Strong R&D on dengue, malaria especially on use of herbal preparations vs. dengue or vaccines

vs. dengue

• Filariasis

• Information dissemination

• Coordinate with other government agencies

• Conduct research for withdrawal period of antibiotics, etc.

• Develop more centers for clinical research studies on many health products entering the market.

• Continuous research/study on microbiological safety of foods

• Product safety standards should be in harmony with ASEAN without jeopardizing Philippine

methods and standards

• Policies should be developed for bioethical issues; not only in health but also in food safety and

biotechnology

• Conduct of clinical laboratory research for local food supplements, which claim “no therapeutic

claim”. Other ASEAN countries (Malaysia, Singapore) are producing Food Supplements in

volume and should be regulated

• Clinical trial fees very high thus small pharma factories cannot afford to pay, recommendation:

lower cost of clinical trials so SMES can afford to pay 29

6. ASEAN FLAGSHIP PROGRAMME: OPEN SOURCE SYSTEM


• Database for monitoring data

• Use texting to get feedback from citizens just like bayan patroller of SBS-CBN

• LGUs and other stakeholders not knowledgeable about the rudiments of open-source system


• Training/orientation needed for LGUs, etc. to adopt open source system

7. ASEAN FLAGSHIP PROGRAMMES: ENVIRONMENT


• Environmental educational programs for the local government units

• DENR should be monitored- some units here in the Visayas seem to have problems with

management and implementation


• Module development and seminars can be done to assist in the environmental education

program. PEW foundation and the Zoological Society of London (with Dr. Jurgenne Primavera)

are presently working with mangrove advocacy

GENERAL COMMENTS:

• Need to strengthen implementation of rules and regulations

• Need to deal with corruption on different levels in government to be able to use government

resources more efficiently

• Work towards recognition by ASEAN of the PRC we are as good with ASEAN countries

• No to additional two years in pre-college

• Minimize corruption in government from top level to barangay level

• NRCP can propose subsidizing private companies selling technology until they become

affordable to most; until we can be weaned from our dependence on fossil fuel

• FOR ALL PRIORITY AREAS: Do we have support industries (recipient industrial networks or

systems) for the many researches we will be generating? What are the conditions for technology

– catch up in every priority areas?

30

CLUSTER I

• Educational system

- How do we select for the best

- What are the standards?

- Teaching in mother-tongue got lost for quite a while

- National policy: mother tongue for education or English?

• Filipinos should be expert in their mother tongue before getting expert in English

• Mother tongue is the best basis for learning another language

• Western Visayas got the most outstanding teachers, but why is it that that students in this area

are low in exams and achievements

• Scientific research is not the best way to express Filipino creativity

• Specific task of the workshop is to come up with comprehensive activities that will ensure

Philippine competitiveness in the ASEAN

• What intervention by the Scientific Community should be prepared in order to be competitive in

the ASEAN

CLUSTER II

• On disaster mitigation, in urban planning are the local government units consulted?

• LGUs lack awareness on availability of disaster maps

• National land use plan (NLUP) should be implemented

• Plenty of policies in place but not properly implemented

• Dissemination campaign should be enhanced

• Lack of information approach, does dot reach the grassroots level

• Filipino culture should be taken into account in the information dissemination

• Vulnerability maps are not available but disaster maps are.

• Philippines cannot compete with Brazil in the production of biofuels due to cheaper cost of

production

• Bringing down the cost of biofuel production should be addressed by policies

• Need to increase S&T manpower

• Address issue of S&T workers in the province migrating to Manila to pursue MS & PhD, there

should be host schools to offer graduate courses in the province

• Imported diesel engine vehicles should be regulated policy regulations should be crafted.

• Use sources of energy such as solar and wind instead of biofuel or bioethanol.

31

CLUSTER III

• Need to strengthen laboratory standards

• ISO accreditation/certification exist but not enough,

• DENR, BFAR, DA, DOH, DOST for a lab to be accredited/certified a laboratory should apply to

these agencies, which is cost prohibitive. The government should intervene on this.

CLUSTER IV

• No to two years pre college

• Lack of two years makes Filipinos uncompetitive in the ASEAN as this is the set standard

• Lack of two years is not a simple issue of economic, if they don’t recognize Filipinos, Filipinos

should not recognize them too.

• PRC should espouse to the ASEAN member countries that Philippines is just equal with them

• Environment clean and green should be a concern of all sectors

• Enforce clean and green position

32

Regional Consultation

Mindanao NRCP-MINDANAO REGIONAL CLUSTER ASEAN COMPETITIVENESS CONSULTATION OUTPUT

CLUSTER I: GOVERNMENTAL, EDUCATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL POLICIES, SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES

Issue #1: Use of Mother Tongue – not a good policy recommendation since this cannot be used when

communicating with other ASEAN countries and the global community.

Issue #2: “Declog” the curriculum

- Should be added with the use of “creative approaches”

- Existing curriculum – too many subjects and not all may be relevant, retain only the essential

subjects.

- Should be strong implementation of curriculum

Issue #3: Increase/Sufficient Resources

- More of an issue to reduce class size and to equip classrooms with proper facilities.

- Provision of modern gadgets/facilities where the teacher act more as facilitator

Issue #4: Human Resource Development and Education

- Spreading of experts in the country

- Enticing experts from the outside to come to the country

- Providing concrete incentives for researchers and if possible without teaching loads.

Other Comments:

- Inclusion of peace and development, and gender equity

- Human resource development in relation to population growth

- Research outputs for extension

- Food security as supreme

- Consistency between goals and policy recommendations

33

CLUSTER II: MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES, ENGINEERING AND INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH, PHYSICS, AND EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCES

Key Areas of Concern:

1. Disaster Mitigation and Risk Management

2&3. Energy and climate change adaptation/mitigation

• Biofuels

- Develop alternative renewable energy sources such as solar heating, solar

panels, wind, tidal

- Possibility of developing and/or adopting alternative energy generation as

cottage industries

- Researches on Malunggay and other crops as potential biofuel resources

and/or carbon sinks.

4. Establishments/Replication of database centers in Visayas and Mindanao

5. Additional Issue: entrepreneurial S&T project management

6. To create incentives to encourage innovations and scientific publications in ISI and accredited

journals, incorporate publication costs in research grant budget application

7. Revise 4th policy recommendation (S&T should be seen as an independent mover of

development)

CLUSTER III: MEDICAL SCIENCES, PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES

AND CHEMICAL SCIENCES

Key Area of Concern: Food Security

Comments/Recommendations:

1. Halal is not only for food and not only for nutrition

2. Market for Halal has grown exponentially and it has now become a lucrative market

- It is recommended that Halal should not only be for food but also for pharmaceuticals

and other products. It should not only be for muslims but also for non-muslims

3. DOST of Region 12 has a Halal laboratory which is the first in the country

4. It is recommended that Halal should be integrated in the curriculum, perhaps as a major, elective

or cognate subjects.

5. Institutions should be encouraged to conduct Hala R&D

6. Promoting non-meat sources for proteins should also be included under food security

34

Key Area of Concern: Create incentives to encourage innovations and scientific publications in ISI:

Comments/Recommendations:

1. ISI publications are mostly based outside the country. It is recommended that DOST should

spearhead the publications of peer-reviewed journals

- Dr. Malaluan informed the body that there are 6 ISI publications in the Philippines

- It was emphasized that published researches are considered as valuable researches

- Thailand and Vietnam rank high in the number of published researches

2. There are some institutions in Mindanao that are resistant to subjecting their researches to a

peer-reviewed process. Hence, it is recommended that institutions should strengthen the peer-

review process in their research culture.

3. Some publications require publication fee and it is recommended that other than the incentives

given to published researches, assistance for publication should also be extended.

4. Research publications should be included in other NRCP clusters.

CLUSTER IV: BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY

AND VETERINARY MEDICINE

1. Food Safety Standards –

- Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP), Joint FAO/WHO Committee on

Food Additives (JECFA) – adopt/review

- Halal standards

2. Depletion of experts in biotechnology

Biotech Program on R&D – DOST- PCIERD and PCASTRD

Update/upgrade biotech labs withour biases for UP Biotech/Molecular Bio

3. CHED-COE requires good biotech lab collaboration, e.g. sharing

4. Food Safety/Biotechnology:

- Equipment should be provided for biotechnology researches, laboratories should be

upgraded also,

- Biotechnology programs should also be updated.

35

NRCP-MINDANAO CLUSTER INPUTS ON IDENTIFIED PHILIPPINES FLAGSHIP PROGRAMME FOR ASEAN 2015:

1. ASEAN FLAGSHIP PROGRAMME: CLIMATE CHANGE

SCENARIO AT PRESENT:

• Flooding and brownouts

• CDO at present is easily flooded

• Unusual occurrence of floods globally

• Not understood the reason why we are not able to prepare and to respond appropriately

• Bio-safety and environmental protection

• Separate and fragmented programmes

• Deforestation

• Soil erosion

• Extreme weather

• Global warming

• Urban flooding

• Snowfall

• Riverbasin/Rise in sea level (flow)

SCENARIO DURING THE ASEAN 2015

• Flood occurrences should have been mitigated

• Flood-free city with well-established drainage and urban zoning

• One data to all ASEAN members

• Philippines should already be ready and prepared to respond appropriately to climate changes

• Improve facilities and equipment of mitigation program

• Focused program that will address many issues at the same time with the other mainline

agencies, not just DOST, working on the same e.g. Dep. Ed. Requiring students to do the

planting, DSWD not just giving cash outs but cash in exchange for planting, etc.

• Normalized weather condition

36


• Collaboration of stakeholders

• Fund requirements should be provided

• Absence of legislation and proper planning to arrest the problem

• ASEAN members information data-banking system

• Knowledge inadequate

• Lack of preparation

• Alternative measures to counter the effects of climate change

• Quality manpower and high technology

• Control degradation (legal/illegal logging)

• Implementation of laws re: logging

• Adaptation of communities


• LGUs should establish direct link with research centers (including the academe) to address the

emerging problem

• Unify all (govt/NGO) resources into one office to address the problem

• Collaborative research in/with various sectors: farmers, fisherfolk etc.

• Increase budget allocation

• Massive planting of trees (malunggay trees, breadfruit, pili nuts, etc.) and other non-tillage

perennial plants on all mountainous and sloping lands and the farming of goats in the understorry

which will respond to issues of climate change (by sequestering carbon), environment and

disaster mitigation (by preventing soil erosion, by promoting capacity of the ground to absorb

water and reduce water run-off that contributes to flooding), food security and food sufficiency

(the trees especially malunggay serving as food source and other plants as fodder for goats and

the goats themselves), livelihood (for the mountainous and sloping land settlers and NPAs), and

energy (malunggay seed oil as bio-diesel).

• R&D will be needed for developing the best provenances of malunggay (high oil content of the

seeds, high protein content of the leaves) and of the other non-tillage perennial plants especially

shade-adapted ones and goats.

• Identify areas in Mindanao that are experiencing flooding as a result of deforestation

• Plant trees and practices solid waste management

• IEC in climate change at the community level

37

2. ASEAN FLAGSHIP PROGRAMME: BIO-FUEL


• Increased production of biofuels

• Open trade to biofuels


• Availability of raw materials (mass-production should be considered)

• Environment friendly technologies


• Strengthen advocacy

• Develop better technology in biofuel production to lessen the cost

• Continuous R&D activities and transfer the result of the R&D activities

3. ASEAN FLAGSHIP PROGRAMME: FUNCTIONAL FOOD SCENARIO AT PRESENT:

• Halal laboratory in place

• Food safety standards are in place

• Halal food and non-food R&D and Forensic laboratory (Philippine Halal Science Center)


• Sustainable food supply

• All processors are compliant to all food safety standards


• Lack of training for food processors in good manufacturing practices, HACCP, food safety)

• Lack of Halal lab equipment and analytical capability

• Lack of Halal SMEs to compete and be felt not only in the ASEAN but in the global Halal market


• Lobby for procurement of equipment

• Train more human resources (HRD)

• Aggressive information campaign on the advantage of organic food.

38

4. ASEAN FLAGSHIP PROGRAMME: DISASTER MITIGATION SCENARIO AT PRESENT:

• Disaster mitigation programs are campaigned

• Strong multi-sectoral cooperation and partnership


• Fully implemented disaster mitigation programs

• Flood, drainage


• No vulnerability maps on geo-hazard map


• Conduct more researches that would help mitigate disasters

• Please see also climate change

• Empower communities to be prepared to face the challenges of global warming

5. ASEAN FLAGSHIP PROGRAMME: HEALTH SCENARIO AT PRESENT:

• Epidemics dengue and cholera

• Data banking system

• Less understood emergency diseases

• Waterborne and airborne diseases by climate change

• High IMR, MMR, BR

• Preventive and curative medicines for various emerging diseases: low IMR, low MMR, low BR

• Bio-safety and environmental protection

• Unpreparedness to bio- and chemical-exposure

• Proliferation of food supplements without proper approval of regulating body of the government

• Health condition is alarming

• Health care services are limited

• High cost of medicines for health services

• R&D activities for Halal medicines/pharmaceutical products not yet undertaken

• Halal Science and Technology Program (Halal foods as healthier and safer)

39


• Improve manpower capability and technology innovation in the pharmacological services

standard

• Risk of exposure to hazardous products

• Halal pharma products will be available/affordable


• Funding for research and implementation of health programs

• Prioritize health services and environmental protection

• High cost of analytical and preventive equipment (imported)

• Personnel capability enhancement

• Information campaign/awareness program on the adverse effects of these food supplements

• Technical capability to conduct Halal certification

• Data on health

• Efficacy of herbal medicines

• Lack of manpower complement

• Lack of facilities, etc.


• Conduct more researches and disseminate

• Provision of unmet needs

• Family planning

• Integrate mutual responsibility y of ASEAN nation on health program

• Acquisition of equipment

• Training of more personnel

• Designing and fabrication of analytical equipment using locally available materials.

• Conduct advocacy program and info campaign or the use of safe & wholesome products

• Produce and eat organically grown foods

• Provide support for the development of the Philippine Halal industry thru S&T and innovation

• Develop more Philippine Halal Premium Brands compliant to both Islamic and Scientific

requirements

40

6. ASEAN FLAGSHIP PROGRAMME: OPEN SOURCE SYSTEM SCENARIO AT PRESENT:

• Unharnessed

• Not coordinated

• Not well

• Training of personnel is just starting

• Info campaign is not yet wide


• The system is fully adopted

• Awareness utilized


• Coordination


• Always have forum & conferences and meetings

GENERAL COMMENTS:

• Need to strengthen implementation of rules and regulations

• Need to deal with corruption on different levels in government to be able to use government

resources more efficiently

• Work towards recognition by ASEAN of the PRC we are as good with ASEAN countries

• No to additional two years in pre-college

• Minimize corruption in government from top level to barangay level

• NRCP can propose subsidizing private companies selling technology until they become

affordable to most; until we can be weaned from our dependence on fossil fuel

• FOR ALL PRIORITY AREAS: Do we have support industries (recipient industrial networks or

systems) for the many researches we will be generating? What are the conditions for technology

– catch up in every priority areas?

41

GENERAL COMMENTS: CLUSTER I:

• Using in teaching the native tongue – not a good policy recommendation

• Teaching language should be in mother tongue

• Development for language for students should start early; children have difficulty expressing

themselves in English

• Curriculum is okay, support in the implementation of the curriculum is lacking hence, problems

occur

• Creative approach for the students should be considered for the students to become more

creative. Addressing the problem of creative approaches in the curriculum is what seems to be

lacking

• Resources are the issue

• Policy recommendations should ensure availability of resources for education

• Policy recommendations addressing class size, class hours, and good school facilities.

• Use Bernido’s educational approach as model using improvise educational materials where

students can learn by themselves

• Using Bernido’s approach will require proper training of teachers

• Teaching and research should be separated as teachers’ responsibilities

• Include social science

• Consider the issues of peace and development, gender equity and food security

• Should it be food supremacy rather than food security?

• Programs should be created first before policy recommendations

CLUSTER II:

• On computing/data mining – put up a center in Mindanao for data sharing (sort of a facebook)

• Philippine e-lib can be a solution for data sharing

• Data sharing is important especially in health for outbreak of diseases

• Databases are not synchronized

• Database at Regional categories on disease outbreaks are in the process of creation

• Left behind in entrepreneurial management

• Discoveries of scientists should be translated into usable forms by the community

• Schools should be provided with funds to materialize Mutual Recognition Agreement (MRA)

• Lack of awareness as to other sources of energy

• Solar energy has been proven to run vehicles 42

CLUSTER III:

• Publications should be peer-reviewed

• Philippines does not rank well in publication as compared to other ASEAN countries

• Incentive for researchers for publications

• Publication issue be included in all Clusters as a major concern

• Grant for publication should be provided in the institutions, also for travel expenses

CLUSTER IV:

• On food safety/biotechnology

- equipment should be provided for biotechnology researches

- laboratories should be upgrades

- programs should also be upgraded

43

PHASE II: WEBINAR ON THE “ASEAN COMMUNITY 2015” Programme of Activities Saturday, November 12, 2011 7:00 - 8:00 Registration

Welcome Remarks

Dr. Alvin B. Culaba NRCP President

Presentation of Participants

Dr. Cecilia P. Reyes NRCP Executive Director

Keynote Address

Hon. Mario G. Montejo Secretary, Department of Science and Technology

Mechanics of the Webinar

Dr. Jaime C. Montoya Executive Director, PCHRD and

Immediate Past President of the NRCP

WEBINAR (Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao Cluster Members)

8:00 – 8:15 “Promotion of Science and Health Education and Public Awareness on Science Policy”

Prof. Bruce McKellar ICSU-ROAP Chair, Australia

8:15 – 9:00 Open Forum

Moderator: Dr. Salcedo L. Eduardo NRCP Member-at-Large

Rapporteur: Dr. Irene M. Villaseñor Chair, Division of Chemical Sciences

9:00 – 9:15 “The Move Towards Green Growth in South Korea: Scientific, Technological and

Economic Considerations”

Dr. Hong Kum Lee President, Korea Polar Research Inst. (KOPRI)

44

9:15 – 10:00 Open Forum

Moderator: Dr. Ester B. Ogena Chair, Division of Governmental, Educational and International Policies

Rapporteur: Dr. Felix P. Muga Chair, Division of Mathematical Sciences

10:00 – 10:15 “Health and Well-being in the Changing Urban Environment: A systems Approach to an

Integrated Understanding”

Prof. Soottiporn Chittmittrapap Secretary General, National Research Council of Thailand (NRCT)

10:15 – 11:00 Open Forum

Moderator: Dr. Flaviana D. Hilario Chair, Division of Earth and Space Sciences

Rapporteur: Dr. Wilson O. Garcia Chair, Division of Physics

11:00 – 11:15 “ASEAN Community 2015”

Dr. Graciano P. Yumul, Jr. Undersecretary for R & D, DOST

Panelists: Dr. Evelyn Grace de Jesus-Ayson Head, Research Division

Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center

Dr. Alvin B. Culaba President, NRCP-DOST

Prof. Soottiporn Chittmittrapap Secretary General, National Research Council ofThailand

Emeritus Prof. Mohd Nordin Hasan

Executive Director

ICSU-ROAP, Malaysia

45

Dr. Jose Paulo E. Campos Chair, Coordinating Council for Private Educational Associations of the

Philippines

11:15 – 12:00 Open Forum

Moderator: Dr. Lourdes J. Cruz

Vice President and Member-at-Large, NRCP &

National Scientist, NAST

Rapporteur: Dr. Zenaida G. Sadiwa

Chair, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Synthesis Prof. Carmencita T. Aguilar Chair, Division of Social Sciences

Prof. Felipe M. de Leon Chair, Division of Humanities

Dr. Portia G. Lapitan Vice Chair, Division of Agriculture & Forestry

Resolutions Dr. Grace D. De Ocampo Chair, Division of Veterinary Medicine

Dr. Carmelita F. Domingo Chair, Division of Medical Sciences

Dr. Zenaida G. Sadiwa Chair, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences

46

Welcome Remarks DR. ALVIN B. CULABA President, National Research Council of the Philippines (NRCP) Executive Vice-President, De La Salle University, Manila (DLSU)

To our distinguished guests and speakers, more importantly to our

colleagues in the Headquarter of the NRCP in Taguig City, Metro Manila,

in the University of the Philippines-Tacloban City Campus and in the

Central Mindanao University in Musuan, Bukidnon, Good Morning.

Welcome all to this occasion of the Webinar which we celebrate together

with the 12th Regional Committee Meeting of the International Council

for Science in Asia and the Pacific here in Cebu City, Philippines.

It is always indeed a pleasure and honor to open this kind of gathering and capitalize the presence of

distinguished scientists that will serve as our resource speakers today. As earlier mentioned by Dr. Cruz,

they are going to share with us the Asia-Pacific strategies on the areas of health care, public education

and green economic growth. The presentation of Undersecretary Yumul on the Philippines preparation

for the ASEAN 2015 will be the culminating lecture. Actually, we are planning to consider the last topic,

Green Economy, which will be presented by Dr. Hong Kum Lee, as the theme in our next Annual

Membership Meeting in March 2012.

We will likewise hear comments and questions from our panel of discussants as well as from NRCP

members from the three sites. Hence, this is a tremendous opportunity for all of us, NRCP members, to

engage with our counterparts here and abroad.

I look forward to a productive and fruitful Webinar. Again, thank you and good morning to all.

47

Keynote Address

ENGR. MARIO G. MONTEJO Secretary, Department of Science and Technology

(read by NRCP Executive Director Cecilia P. Reyes)

ICSU-Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific Chair (ICSU-ROAP), Prof.

Bruce McKellar, NRCP President Dr. Alvin B. Culaba, Dr. Cecilia Reyes,

delegates and observers of the science councils in Asia and the Pacific,

members of the NRCP Governing Board, NRCP and DOST Region 7

officials, guests, media, ladies and gentlemen, Good Morning.

The National Statistics Office reported that until 2010, the rate of

unemployment in the Philippines was 7.5% while the rate of

underemployment was 18-20%. The same source says that poverty

incidence in the period 2007-2008 was 26.5% and the percentage of the

population earning $1.25 was 22.6%. The present administration embarked a national development plan

that envisions effectively addressing poverty and creating massive employment opportunities, with good

governance and anti-corruption as the overarching theme.

The question before us now is - how can science and technology, or scientist and technologists, alleviate

poverty and minimize social injustice? Foster transparent and accountable government? In practical

terms, how can the Department of Science and Technology be appreciated, be felt by ordinary Filipinos in

their daily struggle for survival?

My answers to this question and as a policy direction of the DOST - we should develop S and T that

address national needs and problems, we should develop technologies that create growth in the

countryside and alleviate poverty; we should harness existing technology that improves our industrial

competitiveness; we should use S and T to enhance delivery of government and social services, and; we

should develop emerging technologies to boost national competitiveness. The ways and means to

realize these and which are already being done by DOST are - we are putting serious effort for

developing care technologies to fight infectious and tropical diseases such as dengue, malaria and other

mosquito-born diseases. We are continuously developing S and T for food fortification to respond to

children’s malnutrition. We are working on the nationwide use and application of ICT in governance. We

are developing early warning system of floods, tsunami and volcanic eruptions, and so forth.

48

To enable our scientists play substantial role in national development and nation-building, the government

will provide adequate support to the scientific endeavors through continues implementation of the national

innovation strategy called “Filipinnovation”. This will enable the country to achieve competitive and multi-

disciplinary work force competent in producing value-added knowledge-based services of global

standard, competitive local firms driven by or borne out of constant innovation brought about by increased

R&D, and a public policy environment that ensures continuous innovation not only through executive,

legislative and judicial initiatives but through local government program. The Filipinnovation focuses on

strengthening human capital investment for STI, stimulating STI, enhancing management of STI system,

and upgrading the Filipino mindset in S&T.

The Philippines has not been alone in the quest to make S&T instrumental in fostering human

development. It is the policy of the DOST to foster international linkage and cooperation with both

international governmental and non-governmental organizations. A developing country like the

Philippines has more to gain than lose in entering international cooperation and partnership. Membership

in international cooperation provides opportunities and exposure not available or offered by one’s native

country. Membership in international scientific councils provides the avenue to connect local research

issues with global challenges such a climate change and food security, access world-leading experts and

facilities, and influence global research priorities and facilitate the interfacing of researches and scientists

from around the world.

In the experience of the DOST, linkage and collaboration with scientific organizations had enhanced and

strengthened the scientific and technological cooperation between the Philippines and partner-countries

for joint research and development, exchange of experts, knowledge and technology sharing, exchange

visits, and collaborative training, workshops and seminars. This subject will be elaborated by

Undersecretary Yumul in his presentation tomorrow about the ASEAN Community 2015.

As the Secretary of DOST, I look at the scientist as one that brings hope, solution and answers to the

need of the impoverished Filipinos and to the thousands of people around the world plagued by natural

and man-made calamities, that scientists that do not bear knowledge for knowledge’s sake but help

alleviate human suffering and deprivation, and by doing so, makes this world a better place to live, and

heralds the beauty and goodness of human being.

I was informed that in this occasion of the ICSU Regional Committee Meeting, is a signing also of a

Memorandum of Understanding between the National Research Council of the Philippines and the

National Research Council of Thailand. As the Secretary of the DOST, I welcome this development and I

hope that this conference will open more opportunities for collaboration between us and the council

members of ICSU-ROAP and the ICSU as a whole.

Thank you and welcome to the Philippines.

49

Sessions

SESSION 1

Promotion of Science and Health Education and Public Awareness on Science Policy

SPEAKER: Prof. Bruce HJ Mckellar Chair International Council for Science- Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific (ICSU-ROAP) University of Melbourne, Australia Presentation The topic promotion of science and health education and public awareness on science policy is a very

broad one. For that reason I will concentrate my presentation on some of the items which interest me

personally

1. Primary School Science Education

2. Junior Secondary School Science Education

3. Informal Education at School Level

4. Health Education of the General Public

5. Mathematics Education in Schools

6. Public Awareness of Science

7. Informing Policy Makers

1 Introduction The brief I have been given is to talk about the promotion of science and health education and public

awareness on science policy from an Australian perspective. This is a very broad brief because it covers

education in schools, both through the formal curriculum and through many forms of informal school

education, education through the media, and through other means.

50

Because of its breadth it attracts many players, including Departments of Education at state and federal

level, state and independent school systems, Academies, Universities, the Commonwealth Scientific and

Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), media, and various NGOs. My own background is as a

theoretical physicist doing research and teaching at the University of Melbourne, who has been a Vice-

President of the Australian Academy of Science and of the International Union of Pure and Applied

Physics, as well as the Chair of the ICSU Regional Committee for Asia and the Pacific. It is this

perspective I will bring to the subject.

In outline, I will concentrate on some of the items which interest me personally

1. Primary School Science Education

2. Junior Secondary School Science Education

3. Informal Education at School Level

4. Health Education of the General Public

5. Mathematics Education in Schools

6. Public Awareness of Science

7. Informing Policy Makers

That means I won't be able to say much on each, and so I encourage you to ask questions, in the webinar

or after, by email. I give some urls so you may find out more for yourself.

Because a theoretical physicist is some sort of a mathematician, when I talk about “science" I include

mathematics as one of the sciences, and regard mathematics education as an essential part of science

education, and include it in my chosen list of topics.

2 Primary School Science Education Traditionally in Australia many primary school teachers have studied as little science or mathematics as

they could manage. This has meant that they are not particularly confident with either subject. While in

their teacher training they have instruction in mathematics teaching, and are required to devote a

reasonable amount of time to it in their teaching, in science they generally have neither the preparation

for teaching nor the requirement to teach a certain amount of time to it. In this context, the Australian

results in various international tests of students in science and mathematics are surprisingly good. In the

recent TIMS analysis of year 8 students, Australia ranked 13th in Science (score of 515 compared to a

maximum of 567, a minimum of 303 and a mean of 500) and 14th in Mathematics (score of 496

compared to a maximum of 598, a minimum of 307 and a mean of 500) but there is also much room for

improvement. It is also the case that Australia's relative position, but not the absolute score, has been

declining significantly over the last decade. We have not been keeping up with other countries.

51

The Australian Academy of Science has a long history of involvement with school education, and now has

a very successful program called PrimaryConnections. This program overcomes the problem of space in

the timetable by linking science and literacy, and thus becoming a part of the literacy program. It

overcomes the lack of teacher confidence by providing extensive support for teachers.

PrimaryConnections is an innovative approach to teaching and learning that aims to enhance primary

school teacher’s confidence and competence for teaching science. Created through a partnership

between the Australian Academy of Science and the Australian Government, PrimaryConnections

focuses on developing students knowledge, skills, understanding and capacities in both science and

literacy. It responds to the principle that successful science education requires teachers to be supported

not only with curriculum resources but also with professional learning to boost their pedagogical content

knowledge in the teaching of science and literacy. The Primary Connections programme provides both

components, which have undergone substantial testing and will support the implementation of the

recently developed Australian national curriculum.

An important feature of the Primary Connections program is that is based on first class science and first

class pedagogy, and that the mutual respect of these two components of a science teaching program is

incorporated from the beginning.

Primary Connections has adopted a 5Es teaching and learning model, with phases responding to the

need to: engage, explore, explain, elaborate and evaluate. Details of the program can be obtained at:

www.science.org.au/primaryconnections/

The introduction of this program required an immense amount of work to get it adopted in the education

system to a reasonable extent, in part because of the many providers of primary education --- State

Education Departments and their schools, Church School Systems, independent schools, and in part

because of the autonomy of teachers and schools regarding the delivery of the curriculum. The prestige

of the Academy of Science has been instrumental in paving the way for this adoption, but it still required

much lobbying and work.

You will be particularly interested that Primary Connections has had outstanding results with Indigenous

students.

Indigenous students taught under the Primary Connections program were not only more engaged with

science, they were more confident in all aspects of the classroom. Their self esteem improved, they

participated more fully in class activities, and they were more enthusiastic about learning. Because of this,

their attendance records at school also noticeably improved. 52

Erin, the Aboriginal Education Manager from one of the districts, reflected on her experience with the

program. She said:

“”What I've seen going on ... is amazing. I've never seen the kids so engaged..... . Science is a

really powerful way of doing that, because for Aboriginal people its a way of life; they are very

connected to the land and the environment, which are integral to their culture.””

Primary Connections is now taught in more than half of Australian Primary Schools. It is delivering

improved learning of science, and also improved literacy. There have been many studies which have

confirmed the success of the program. Australia has recently introduced a universal testing of literacy and

numeracy in primary schools, and one of the 'best" schools was a small rural school which attributed its

success to its use of Primary Connections.

It was very surprising that the Australian Government recently decided to terminate its support for Primary

Connections. The Australian Academy of Science is maintaining the program development at a basic

level because of its importance for our children, and in the hope that the shortsightedness of this decision

will become obvious, and that it will be reversed, or that other support can be found.

3 Junior Secondary School Science Education A decade ago, a review of Australian science education painted a concerning picture of science learning,

especially in secondary schools. Many students were disappointed with their high school science.

Traditional “chalk and talk" teaching, copying notes and “cookbook" practical lessons were all too

prevalent: these types of lessons offer little challenge or excitement for students.

Today, student disenchantment with science continues. This is all too apparent from the declining number

of students who choose to study science in senior secondary school.

• In 1991, more than 1/3 of Year 12 students chose to study biology.

Now, that has dropped to less than 1/4.

• 23% of Year 12 students studied chemistry ten years ago, compared with 18% now.

• In the same period, physics has fallen from 21% to 14%.

In Australian Schools Science is taught as single subject in junior high school, and is not yet separated

into its various disciplines. It is therefore an appropriate subject for the Australian Academy of Science to

support, leaving support of the more specialist subjects to professional scientific societies and University

Science Departments. The Academy's Science by Doing project is in some sense an extension of

PrimaryConnections, and also emphasises an enquiry based approach to learning in science. Once again

there is the recognition that the teachers are the key to successful learning outcomes in the classroom,

and Science by Doing provides educational resources, and interactive programs, to support the teachers,

and through them the students. 53

The project focuses on increasing the amount of investigation activity by students and decreasing the

amount of didactic pedagogy. Previous research suggests that the latter is an important reason why high

school students are losing interest in science. Teachers have an opportunity to better understand and

practise student-centred, or inquiry-based teaching strategies via the Science by Doing professional

learning resources. These self-contained, digital resources are designed to be used by teams of science

teachers within a school and serve as a basis for ongoing professional discussion among that team. Each

resource comprises three parts; a DVD which models a key idea, an interactive CD-ROM which provides

an opportunity to practise the key idea, and an A5 booklet which explains the evidence base to the ideas.

Titles in the series include Inquiry-based Teaching, Effective Questioning, Assessment, Leading for

Change and Student Learning.

The aim of the program is to enable teachers to inspire their students to learn more science. Whether or

not they go on to become scientists, a sound science education is important if the public is to make

informed decisions on the many scientific matters which will confront them and the nation. For further

information refer to www.science.org.au/sciencebydoing/

We cannot afford to relax in our efforts in science education. A recent survey has shown that Australians

clearly value science 80 per cent of respondents acknowledged that science education is absolutely

essential or very important to the national economy.

But it also revealed some alarming holes in the basic science understanding of the average Australian,

e.g.

• Three in ten believe that humans were around at the time of dinosaurs.

• More than one-fifth of our university graduates think that it takes just one day for the Earth to

travel around the sun.

• Almost one-third of Australians do not think that evolution is currently occurring.

So it appears we understand that science education is important to society and to the national economy.

But, as a nation, many of us do not understand even the most basic science.

This makes me even more concerned by the fact that Australian Government support for Science by

Doing was also terminated this year, and as it was not as advanced as PrimaryConnections its immediate

future is less secure.

54

4 Informal Education at School Level

Formal science education in the classroom is but one way in which our children learn about science.

“Why?", “How?", and “What happens if...?" are all questions asked frequently by children, whose natural

spirit of inquiry is crucial to understanding the big exciting world around them.

We have to take every opportunity to foster the enthusiasm for learning that comes from asking these

questions and finding some of the answers.

Universities, the CSIRO, and science museums, provide many ways to encourage and satisfy children's

curiosity. Their programmes include:

• placing young scientists (often students) in schools, giving children the opportunity to interact with

scientists at an early age,

• putting together travelling \science spectacular" shows, which enthuse school students,

• providing opportunities for school students to work in a research laboratory,

• and many others

As with all programs, success is critically dependent on the skills of the people involved. Ideally they

should be enthusiastic themselves and be trained in a way which enhances that enthusiasm. There is a

limited amount of training available for presenters of these programs.

Only the CSIRO program has had an evaluation, as far as I am aware. That was favorable. I am quite

sure the programs will continue, because we are all convinced that they are important. The Australian

Academy of Science has two programmes, which provide informal education to students and also to the

general public. But their primary focus is as a resource to school students, so I consider them as:

• Interviews with Australian scientists

• Nova, Science in the News

4.1 Interviews with Australian scientists The Academy established the Interviews with Australian scientists program in 1993 to record interviews

with outstanding Australian scientists. The scientists talk about their early life, development of interest in

science, mentors, research work and other aspects of their careers.

The programme has several aims:

1. To provide an historical record of Australia’s scientists --- a firsthand account of their scientific

achievements and personal lives.

2. To provide a resource for students and teachers --- for the educational content and as a source of

inspiration. 55

3. To unveil the scientists and show the people behind the science --- to help change the publics poor

perception of scientists.

To date 146 interviews have been recorded. The Interviews transcripts and videos are used by a variety

of people and organizations. Over the past twelve months we have had reproduction requests from _lm-

makers, book publishers, writers and students.

The outputs of the program are in the form of DVDs available for purchase ($15 each) and free edited

and illustrated transcripts with accompanying teacher’s notes available from our website

www.science.org.au/scientists. The teacher’s notes consist of a summary of the scientists career, an

extract from the interview, focus questions, activities and key words.

The project ties in with the Australian Curriculum: Science strand, Science as a human endeavor and is

particularly aimed at secondary students. The Interviews can be used as a primary source of information

for this curriculum strand.

To quote a teacher:

“”this is a fantastic idea and I am very keen to introduce my students to the people who change

things, i.e. the scientists...””

You can find the transcripts of the interviews at: http://www.science.org.au/scientists/

4.2 Nova, Science in the News Novas goal is to provide accessible scientific information that will help to remove confusion surrounding

complex science questions featured in the news.

The topics encompass a vast array of scientific fields and provide reliable and up-to-date information for

science teachers, students, journalists and anyone who is interested in learning more about the science

that is behind topical issues.

We provide real life examples of current research and how scientific information is used to make informed

decisions. Each topic also includes teachers, notes, student activities, links, further reading and

resources, and provides accessible and up to date information on relevant Australian research.

The information on Nova has been checked for accuracy by experts in the field and is updated regularly.

New topics are posted regularly.

56

Latest Nova topics

• Getting the buzz on the value of bees

Australian agriculture has been getting a free ride from honeybees for nearly 200 years. Their

pollination services are worth several billion dollars a year, but Australia's honeybees are under

increasing threat, including from a mite known as Varroa destructor.

• Piezoelectric Sensors and Self Monitoring Planes

Metal fatigue has been the cause of many airline, ship and bridge disasters. New piezoelectric

sensors are now helping to detect report and even fix such problems as they occur.

• Bioinformatics: making sense of the information flood

Since the completion of the Human Genome Project, scientists have been inundated by biological

information. Bioinformatics is helping to make sense of it all.

• Geoengineering --- can it help our planet keep its cool?

Geoengineering involves applying technology on a massive scale to change the Earth's

environment. It might help to cool the Earth, but at what cost?

• Rebuilding humans using bionics

Bionic bodies have been depicted in science fiction for decades. Now, researchers are making bionics the

new frontier of medical science, by creating hi-tech devices to help people walk, see and hear again.

To read one or more of the topics go to: http://www.science.org.au/nova/. You notice that Nova does not

shy away from controversial topics.

5 Health Education of the General Public I have recently become interested in health education because of the development of a science plan for

Health and Wellbeing in a changing urban environment by the ICSU Regional Office for Asia and the

Pacific. The ICSU program takes a systems approach to health and wellbeing, and is thus holistic,

recognizing that health and wellbeing goes beyond the treatment of disease. It also involves urban

planning for housing and transport, food and water supply, waste disposal, and public education about health issues.

From an Australian perspective, there are two important but distinct aspects of public health education:

• The health problems associated with the general largely urban population

57

The education of the public uses two channels, the schools, and the media, especially television. There

have been successes:

1. Reduction of heart attack deaths, though public awareness of diet and the need for health

checks

2. Reduction of road accident deaths and trauma, through compulsory seat belt use, graphic

campaigns against drink driving in the media coupled with random breath testing to enforce the

limits on blood alcohol (0.5%) and other recreational drugs (0%).

3. Reduction of skin cancer incidence though a campaign to cover up when in the sun (with a side

effect of increasing incidence of vitamin D deficiency, illustrating the need for a holistic, systems

approach)

4. Reduction of Breast Cancer deaths though early detection and treatment

5. Expected reduction in cervical cancer incidence as a result of a vaccination campaign of

teenage girls with Gardasil, the vaccine, which prevents infection with human papilloma virus, the

cause of cervical cancer, was developed by Ian Fraser of the university of Queensland

However there are continuing problems, most notably obesity, and childhood obesity, and the related

increasing incidence of type 2 diabetes.

• The health problems of remote and indigenous communities

Regrettably, indigenous Australian have much higher death and illness rates than the rest of the

community. There are many reasons for this, but lack of basic health education is one. This is

being addressed primarily through individual intervention in the indigenous communities.

6 Mathematics Education in Schools I have already commented on the poor results that Australian school students have for mathematics in

international surveys. An Australian survey, the No More Excuses report issued by the Industry Skills

Council earlier this year points to an alarming deficit in even basic skills. According to this report, literally

“millions of Australians have insufficient Language, Literacy and Numeracy skills to benefit fully from

training or to participate effectively at work." The Council reports that a recent project looking at the maths

skills of bricklaying apprentices at a regional college for Technical.

And further, Education showed that:

• 75% could not do basic arithmetic; and

• 80% could not calculate the area of a rectangle, or the pay owed for working four-and-a-half

hours at a given hourly rate

The gloomy Industry Skills Report is particularly worrying at a time when the demand for higher-level skills

is increasing in the workplace. 58

The major programs for improving mathematics education in our schools are being delivered by the

Australian Mathematical Sciences Institute (AMSI), which is a consortium of the University Mathematics

Departments, funded primarily by the departments themselves, with support from governments and

industry. as well as being a very effective way of pooling resources for graduate level education, it has an

educational division --- the International Centre of Excellence for Education in Mathematics (ICE-EM).

ICE-EM was initially funded by the Australian Government through the Department of Education, Science

and Training (DEST), its aim to improve the mathematical sciences base through improved mathematics

education in schools, higher education, research and industry. Following cessation of the DEST funding

in 2008 a re-defined ICE-EM program runs which has received funding from the Department of

Education, Employment and Workplace Relations (DEEWR), commercially generated income, and

contributions from Corporate Members.

ICE-EM Mathematics continues to set a new benchmark for the teaching of mathematics in Australia.

Developed by the International Centre of Excellence for Education in Mathematics (ICE-EM) and now

marketed in its Australian Curriculum version by Cambridge University Press, ICE-EM Mathematics

provides a program that gives students a clear understanding of the ideas and concepts in mathematics,

and helps them to develop skills to make effective use of them.

It is a comprehensive mathematics program for Year 5 to Year 10, bridging the transition to secondary

school with a careful development of key concepts. It comprises two textbooks per year level and has

been carefully mapped to the new curriculum.

The program is designed to:

• Help teachers carry out their role as mathematics educators more easily and effectively;

• Make learning mathematics clear and straightforward for students; and

• Enable parents to understand what their children are learning so that they can assist them if they

wish.

In 2009 AMSI received Australian Government funding of $2 Million for a national collaborative project,

Improving Mathematics Education in Schools (TIMES), targeting school mathematics education. The

project concluded in June 2011.

There are 3 components to the TIMES Project:

1. Outreach As part of the Outreach program in 2010 AMSI staff visited schools in six regions and worked with

teachers to develop mathematics programs and to build content knowledge in mathematics. 59

This was an extension of the successful program in the Wollongong region sponsored by BlueScope

Steel in 2007-09.

2. Teacher modules for the Australian Curriculum To support teachers in their implementation of the Australian Curriculum, AMSI has developed Teacher

Content Modules. The modules are organised under the strand titles of the Australian Curriculum:

• Number and Algebra

• Measurement and Geometry

• Statistics and Probability

The modules are written for teachers and designed to give them the background content knowledge

needed for topics from Foundation to Year 10.

3. Careers Materials

The Maths: Make Your Career Count campaign was launched in December 2010 with every school in the

country receiving a pack of posters, brochures and a DVD with profiles of people explaining how

mathematics helps them in their career.

You will notice four common themes in the approaches to improving science and mathematics education:

• The involvement of professional educators and professional scientists and mathematicians

• The emphasis on developing the skills of the school teachers

• A commitment to be involved in the project over the long term

• Funding over the long term is not guaranteed, and so the commitment to be involved must also

involve a commitment to continue to raise funds.

7 Public Awareness of Science Once again there are many organisations involved with the public awareness of science; the Australian

Academy of Science, Universities, the CSIRO, science museums and print and electronic media are all

involved.

I will briefly describe two activities with which I am most familiar, to give you a flavor of the activities.

The Australian Academy of Science runs public lectures, and provides information on its website and in

publications.

A recent example of the latter is its publication The Science of Climate Change: questions and answers,

which aims to address confusion created by contradictory information in the public domain. It sets out to

explain the current situation in climate science, including where there is consensus in the scientific

community and where uncertainties exist. The document is structured around seven questions: 60

1. What is climate change?

2. How has Earths climate changed in the distant past?

3. How has climate changed during the recent past?

4. Are human activities causing climate change?

5. How do we expect climate to evolve in the future?

6. What are the consequences of climate change?

7. How do we deal with the uncertainty in the science?

The Science of Climate Change: Questions and Answers was prepared by a Working Group of nine

members, co-chaired by Drs Ian Allison and Mike Raupach. The document was also reviewed by an

Oversight Committee of seven members chaired by Professor John Zillman.

The University of Melbourne has an extensive series of public lectures, and a also a very informative set

of information on the web. One regular series of public lectures is the July Lectures on Physics. which has

now run every year since 1970. These lectures are very well attended, even when they are on rather

esoteric subjects, and although they occur on Friday evenings. The most recent lecture I personally gave

was on “Brownian Motion", on the 100th anniversary of Einstein's epochal paper on the subject, to an

overflow audience of 600.

8 Informing Policy Makers Ensuring that the policy of our governments is informed by the appropriate science, and that it ensures

that science will continue to be available to inform future policy is a major responsibility of all scientists,

and all of their organizations.

The Australian Academy of Science takes this responsibility very seriously. The Academy Executive

Committee, which meets almost every month, often invites senior bureaucrats or politicians to lunch for

informal discussions on policy matters. The Government also asks the Academy for informal opinions on

upcoming legislation or regulation. There is a downside to this informal consultation, in that it cannot be

publicly cited or quoted, and Academy Fellows sometimes complain that the Academy is not doing

enough in this area.

There are more formal avenues of influencing policy makers, as the government calls for submissions

and comments on various matters under consideration. This activity is in the public arena. Recent reports

and submissions by the Academy this year are:

61

15-07-2011 2011 Strategic Roadmap for Australian Research Infrastructure

Exposure Draft --- Submission

01-08-2011 Parliamentary Inquiry into Australia’s biodiversity in a changing climate --- Response

19-07-2011 2011 Strategic Roadmap for Australian Research Infrastructure Expo- sure Draft ---

Response

06-05-2011 2011 Strategic Roadmap for Australian Research Infrastructure --- Submission

19-04-2011 Australian Governments Strategic Review of the Student Visa Program --- Submission

07-04-2011 Excellence in Research for Australia (ERA) 2011 Consultation --- Submission

09-03-2011 Review of Human Cloning and Stem Cell Research Legislation --- Submission

03-03-2011 Patent Amendment (Human Genes and Biological Materials) Bill 2010 --- Submission

17-02-2011 National Research Infrastructure Councils Discussion Paper, Strategic Framework for

Research Infrastructure Investment --- Response

16-020-2011 Rural Research Councils Draft National Strategic Rural Research and Development

Investment Plan --- Response

04-02-2011 Independent Review of Aid Effectiveness --- Submission

The Australian Academy of Science now has such a large involvement in Science for Policy that,

although it has long had a Secretary for Science Policy, it recently appointed a Science Policy Manager

assist with the timely preparation of all of this material. Like all of the activities I have described it requires

a great deal of effort.

More information on the Academy's work on Science Policy is available at

http://www.science.org.au/policy/.

9 Conclusion As you would expect, Australian scientists have a committed and deep involvement in the Promotion of

science and health education and public awareness on science policy. Some of the work is effective and,

unfortunately, some is not as effective as we would like it to be. Reflecting on 50 years of involvement in

this work at some level, I think the most important developments in that time are the much more general

involvement of the science community in the promotion of science, and the much greater transparency in

the involvement of science in policy making. I am confident that both of these developments will ensure

more success in the future.

62

OPEN FORUM Moderator: Dr. Salcedo L. Eduardo, NRCP Member-at-Large Rapporteur: Dr. Irene M. Villaseñor, Chair, NRCP Division of Chemical Sciences CMU-Bukidnon: Please elaborate on the science courses or fulfillment of the science education curricula

–how it is implemented?

PROF. BRUCE HJ. McKELLAR: In my talk I included mathematics as one of the sciences. Mathematics

education is an important part of science education.

CMU-Bukidnon: May I ask elaboration on the five (5) modules?

PROF. BRUCE HJ. McKELLAR: To engage, explore, explain, etc. are the purposes of the teacher

content modules, in support to the teachers in the implementation of the Australian curriculum. The

modules are organized under the following strand titles: 1) Number and Algebra, 2) Measurement and

Geometry, 3) Statistics and Probability.

CMU-Bukidnon: What are the policy implications in the implementation of primary connections in public

schools?

PROF. BRUCE HJ. McKELLAR: The policy implications to some extent – some school teachers failed.

Results of research in education – to some extent – are successful.

63

64

Promotion of science and health education and public awareness on science policy

Bruce H J McKellarChair, ICSU Regional Committee for Asia and the

PacificPresident-Designate, International Union of Pure

and Applied PhysicsUniversity of Melbourne, Australia

Outline1. Primary School Science Education2. Junior Secondary School Science Education3. Informal Education at School Level4. Health Education of the General Public5. Mathematics Education in Schools6. Public Awareness of Science7. Informing Policy Makers

What does science include?

• I am a theoretical physicist, which is some sort of a mathematician, so when I talk about ``science'' I include mathematics as one of the sciences, and regard mathematics education as an essential part of science education, and include it in my chosen list of topics.

• After all, science education depends on a good knowledge of mathematics

Primary School Science Education

• Australia’s standing in Science and Mathematics education is fair

• In TIMS 2007 year 8, 13th in Science and 14th in Mathematics

• But decreasing.

• Should do better!

• Primary Connections is the Primary Science Program of the Australian Academy of Science

• Now adopted in >50% of Australian Primary Schools

• It is a hands on program

• Overcomes the problem of space in the timetable by linking science and literacy, and thus becoming a part of the literacy program.

• Overcomes the lack of teacher confidence by providing extensive support for teachers.

• Enhances primary school teachers’confidence and competence for teaching science

• an immense amount of work to get it adopted in the education system to a reasonable extent

• Many providers of primary education — State Education Departments and their schools, Church School Systems, independent schools

• Autonomy of teachers and schools regarding the delivery of the curriculum.

• Indigenous students using the program

• more engaged with science

• more confident in all aspects of the classroom

• self-esteem improved

• participated more fully in class activities

• they were more enthusiastic about learning.

• attendance records at school also noticeably improved.

65

• The prestige of the Academy of Science has been instrumental in paving the way for this adoption, but it still required much lobbying

and work.

• Primary Connections is delivering improved learning of science, and also improved literacy. Australia has recently introduced a universal testing of literacy and numeracy in primary schools, and one of the 'best" schools was a small rural school which attributed its success to its use of Primary Connections.

• It was very surprising that the Australian Government recently decided to terminate its support for Primary Connections. The Australian Academy of Science is maintaining the program development at a basic level because of its importance for our children, and in the hope that the shortsightedness of this decision will become obvious, and that it will be reversed, or that other support can be found.

Junior Secondary School Science Education

• Students are disenchanted with science as is apparent from the declining number of students who choose to study science in senior secondary school.

• In 1991, more than 1/3 of Year 12 students chose to study biology. Now, that has dropped to less than 1/4.

• 23% of Year 12 students studied chemistry ten years ago, compared with 18% now.

• In the same period, physics has fallen from 21% to 14%.

• Unified science course for Junior Secondary School

• In some sense an extension of Primary Connections, as it emphasizes an enquiry based approach to learning in science.

• Recognition that the teachers are the key to successful learning outcomes in the classroom

• Science by Doing provides educational resources, and interactive programs, to support the teachers, and through them the students.

• The aim of the program is to enable teachers to inspire their students to learn more science. Whether or not they go on to become scientists, a sound science education is important if the public is to make informed decisions on the many scientific matters which will confront them and the nation.

• For further information refer to www.science.org.au/sciencebydoing

Australian Academy of Science and Informal Education at School

Level

• The Australian Academy of Science has two programs,

• Interviews with Australian scientists• Nova, Science in the News• which provide informal education to students

and also to the general public.

66

Informal Education at School Level

• Formal science education in the classroom is but one way in which our children learn about science.

• Why?, How?, and What happens if...? are questions asked frequently by children, who want to understand the big exciting world around them.

• We have to take every opportunity to foster the enthusiasm for learning that comes from asking these questions, and finding some of the answers.

Some approaches to Informal Education at

School Level• placing young scientists (often students) in

schools, giving children the opportunity to interact with scientists at an early age,

• putting together traveling ``science spectacular'' shows, which enthuse school students,

• providing opportunities for school students to work in a research laboratory,

• and many others

Junior Secondary School Science Education

• A recent survey has shown that Australians clearly value science – 80 per cent of respondents acknowledged that science education is absolutely essential or very important to the national economy.

• But it also revealed some alarming holes in the basic science understanding of the average Australian.

– Three in ten believe that humans were around at the time of dinosaurs.

– More than one-fifth of our university graduates think that it takes just one day for the Earth to travel around the sun.

– Almost one-third of Australians do not think that evolution is currently occurring.

• We understand that science education is important to society and to the national economy.

• But, as a nation, many of us do not understand even the most basic science.

• Australian Government support for Science by Doing was also terminated this year, and as it was not as advanced as PrimaryConnections its immediate future is less secure.

• The scientists talk about their early life, development of interest in science, mentors, research work and other aspects of their careers.

• Aims– To provide an historical record of Australia’s

scientists --- a first hand account of their scientific achievements and personal lives.

– To provide a resource for students and teachers --- for the educational content and as a source of inspiration.

– To unveil the scientists and show the people behind the science --- to help change the public’s poor perception of scientists.

67

Public Awareness of Science

Two Examples• The Australian Academy of Science

runs public lectures, and provides information on its website and in publications.

• The University of Melbourne has an extensive series of public lectures, and a also a very informative set of information on the web

68

Informing Policy Makers

• Ensuring that the policy of our governments is informed by the appropriate science, and that it ensures that science will continue to be available to inform future policy is a major responsibility of all scientists, and all of their organisations.

Informing Policy Makers

• The Australian Academy of Science takes this responsibility very seriously. The Academy Executive Committee, which meets almost every month, often invites senior bureaucrats or politicians to lunch for informal discussions on policy matters. The Government also asks the Academy for informal opinions on up coming legislation or regulation. There is a downside to this informal consultation, in that it cannot be publicly cited or quoted, and Academy Fellows sometimes complain that the Academy is not doing enough in this area.

69

SESSION 2

The Move towards Green Growth in South Korea: Scientific, Technological and Economic Considerations SPEAKER: Dr. Hong Kum Lee President Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI) Presentation

Since 2008 Low Carbon, Green Growth has emerged as a new paradigm for development in the Republic

of Korea. The Korean government has enacted the Green Growth National Strategy as a new

development vision. The Korean government aspires to Green Growth not only to introduce strategies for

green economy but also to function as a global agenda in developed and developing countries. The rapid

industrialization and urbanization has led to a significant pressure on the environment and natural

resources such as forests and water resources, biodiversity and the urban environment. In addition to no

longer sustainable ‘brown growth’, the motivation for green growth development strategy of Korea comes

from the concern with the mounting global climate change crisis and the newly recurrent international

energy crisis.

In responding to these challenges, Korean leaders are focusing efforts on the development of

environmentally-friendly industries and technologies in order to stimulate the economy through additional

investment, innovation, and employment generation, while having minimal adverse effects on the

environment. In this context, President Lee Myung-Bak announced a “low-carbon green growth” strategy 70

as a new vision to guide the nation’s long-term development on 15 August 2008, during a national

address on the 60th anniversary of the establishment of the Republic of Korea. Till the end of 2009,

government concentrated on laying institutional foundation for green growth strategy. Presidential

Committee on Green Growth launched in Februay 2009. This Committee prepared and released the

National Strategy and Five-Year Plan (2009-2013) for Green Growth. Under the new paradigm of

qualitative growth, the essential factors of production are new ideas, transformational innovations, and

state-of-the-art technology. Economic growth based on these drivers is expected to generate substantially

intensive, qualitative growth unlike the extensive quantitative growth of the past. This approach facilitates

a mutually beneficial relationship between economic growth and the environment.

The green growth strategy has three key objectives:

1) Creating new engines of a higher and sustainable growth path by developing low-carbon,

environmentally-friendly industries;

2) Ensuring climatic and environmental sustainability; and

3) Contributing to the international negotiations to fight climate change.

This set of objectives provides the foundation for the green growth strategy which has been articulated

through a substantial green stimulus package and a plan of action for the next five years. In November

2009, the PCGG finalized Korea’s MT GHG emission reduction target at 30% BAU by 2020. President

Lee declared this as Korea’s voluntary target in Copenhagen. At the end of 2009, the National Assembly

passed the Framework Act for Low Carbon Green Growth.

National Green Growth Strategy: Framework Table 1 shows the framework of Korea’s GG Strategy. Vision is to become one of a leading green

economic power by 2050. Aim is to maintain investment level of 2% of GDP for green growth. The vision

is translated into three strategic objectives: become a low carbon society, create new engines of growth,

and enhance people’s quality of life and become a global green growth leader. These three objectives

give rise to 10 policy agenda.

71

Table 1: National Green Growth Strategy

Vision: A Model Green Nation

through creating virtuous harmony of environment and economy

Objectives

10 Key Agenda

Low Carbon Society and

Energy Security

1. Reduce carbon emissions

2. Decrease energy dependence and enhance energy

self-sufficiency

3. Support adaptation to climate change impacts

New Engine for Growth

4. Develop green technologies as future growth engines

5. Greening of industry

6. Develop cutting-edge industries

7. Set up policy infrastructure for green growth

Enhanced Quality of Life &

International Leadership

8. Green city and green transport

9. Green revolution in lifestyle

10.Enhance global cooperation on green growth

Some highlights of the important policy programs are as follows. In July 2011, mid-term action plan to cu

GHG for high-emitting sectors was established. Bill on GHG Emission Trading System was submitted to

NA in April 2011. Power transformation, industrial combustion and transportation were the three largest

sources for carbon emissions. In April 2010, Act on the Facilitation of New and Renewable Energy was

amended to strengthen regulation. Proportion of N&R Energy is expected to increase from 2.5% (2009) to

6.0% (2020), and 11% (2030). Oil and coal are currently the largest and the second largest source of

energy in Korea. Next comes neclear power and LNG, of similar weight. According to the First Basic Plan

for Energy of 2008, Korea should increase the share of nuclear power from 14% in 2007 to 28% by 2030,

while the share of the renewable energy should increase from 2% to 11%. The plan represents a guide

for national policy directions for the green growth vision, specifying future action plans on investments,

target goals for each year, including the role of the various actors and stakeholders, such as ministries,

along with other government agencies in pursuing the green growth strategy. Under the plan, US$ 83.6

billion, representing 2% of GDP, will be spent in the area of climate change and energy, sustainable

transportation and the development of green technologies.

72

Green Technology as New Growth Engine

Spending on the green growth plan is expected to stimulate production worth 182 to 206 trillion won (US$

141.1 billion to US$ 160.4 billion) during 2009-2013 with a yearly average production inducement of 36.3

to 41.2 trillion won. This production inducement corresponds to 3.5 to 4.0 per cent of estimated 2009

GDP. The value-added inducement is calculated at 75.0 to 94.9 trillion won 58.4 billion to US$ 73.9

billion) over the five years, with a yearly average of 15.0 to 19.0 trillion won (US$ 11.7 billion to US$14.8

billion). These estimates are based on two scenarios developed by the Presidential Committee on Green

Growth, using input-output tables to calculate the expected macro-economic gains from the country’s five-

year green growth plan. It is planned that investment will then be directed into the high-technology sectors

(the 27 core technologies), which should provide future engines of growth for the country, making use of

its highly-educated work force.

Table 2. Green Technologies.

Sector Technologies

Climate Change 1. Monitoring and modeling climate change

2. Climate change assessment and adatation

Energy Source Technology

3. Silicon-based solar cells

4. Non-silicon-based solar cells

5. Bio-energy

6. Light water reactor

7. Next-generation fast reactor

8. Nuclear fusion energy

9. Hydrogen energy R&D

10. High-efficiency fuel cells

Efficiency Improving Technology

11. Plant growth technology

12. Integrated gasification combined cycle

13. Green cars

14. Inteligent infrastructure for transportation

and logistics

15. Green cities and urban renaissance

16. Green buildings

17. Green process technology

18. High-efficiency light-emitting diodes/Green IT

19. IT-combined electric machines

20. Secondary batteries

73

End-of-Pipe Technology

21. CO2 capturing, storing, processing

22. Non-CO2 processing

23. Assessment of water quality and management

24. Alternative recycling

25. Waste recycling

26. Monitoring and processing hazadous substances

R&D Vitual Reality 27. Virtual reality

Korea’s level of green technologies was on the average at the 50~70% of the levels of the leading

advanced countries by technology. The Korean Ministry of Knowledge and Economy then identified 10

core green technologies which Korea can develop and deploy during the 2010s with more focused R&D

efforts. The lists of those technologies are LED, Next generation secondary cell, Future nuclear energy,

Photovoltaic, Fuel cell, Smartgrid, Green car, Green IT, CCS, Advanced water treatment. To support

start-up companies with outstanding green technologies, Korean government has created 100 billion won

Green Start-up fund.

Green Business

Only under a completely new social environment and economic paradigm, green economy can be

achieved. Since the introduction of green growth strategy, many organizational grounds have been

implemented and green growth has been set out as the means for achieving green economy. Last three

years green businesst pervaded industiries. While the general index in the Korean stock market rose by

77% during 2009 ~2010, the green business stock index rose by 128%. The largest portion(39%) of the

green investment went N&R energy technologies, followed by next-generation electric equipment(26%),

and green cars(15%). The increase of green car investment led during the three yeasrs with 313%

growth. Climate change adaptation projects accounted for 13%, which focused on energy saving and

GHG reduction. In N&R energies, the leading investment is photovoltaic power and wind power. In the

next-generation electric equipment, the leader is LED followed by large power storage equipment and fuel

cell. In green car, the investment is focused on rechargeable battery.

Green Institutions for Cooperation One of 10 Green Agenda is to instituionalize the economic policy instruments necessary to implement

green growth policy goals. Educational programs for green human capital, green finance are the

examples. The role of university is crucial in green growth sector. Universities can play the role of putting

ideas into practice and promote new technology in market. Young people with flexible way of thinking can

make significant contributions in this area. 74

The government is going to develop 100,000 core green professionals by spending 1.1 trillion won until

2013. Also, through expansion of investment and research, the government will continue to develop

customized professionals who can play leading roles in green industry. As part of the plan, the

government will designate professional graduate schools or education institutions as training centers for

such professionals. Also, expansion of international cooperation on green growth is taking place through

East Asia Climate Partnership and the launch of Global Green Growth Institute. The government is also

pursuing research projects with international organizations like the OECD, and is seeking an active

participation in post-Copenhagen negotiation on climate change.

Developing countries have insufficient technological and financial capabilities in developing new green

technologies. Develpoed contries should facilitate technology transfer and provide financial support to

developing contries for global green growth. Korea is a unique country in that it successfully tranformed

itself from an aid recipient into a donor country. With its green growth strategy, Korea plnas to play a key

role as a bridge between developing and developed countries for eco-friendy economic growth and

development. The Korean green growth strategy could become a role model to promoting the quality of

life as a key value that our society must pursue.

Open Forum Moderator: Dr. Ester B. Ogena, Chair, NRCP Division of Governmental, Educational, and International Policies Rapporteur: Dr. Felix P. Muga, Chair, NRCP Division of Mathematical Sciences DR. VIRGINIA L. BARRAQUIO-NRCP-Taguig: What is “Green Growth”? Will you recommend nuclear

power as a source of alternative energy?

DR. HONG KUM LEE: “Green Growth” , or low carbon, is a new paradigm for development in Korea. The

Korean government hopes that green growth will not only introduce strategies for green economy but will

be viewed as a global economy in developed and developing countries. On nuclear power, we do not

produce gasoline or methane. The safety of atomic power is highly important. We have a committee

looking on the safe use of it.

DR. VIRGINIA L. BARRAQUIO-NRCP-Taguig: How far are you now in the global green growth

economy?

DR.HONG KUM LEE: For almost a year.

75

Dr. Rio John Ducusin-NRCP-Taguig: Green Growth is expensive but if successful, would the use of

cheaper non-green technologies become justifiable?

DR. HONG KUM LEE: Some European countries have such form of energy utilizing biotechnology.

Green Growth is environment-friendly – clear air, clear water. We are hoping to become a developed

country. We don’t produce petroleum.

Dr. ARALAR-NRCP-TAGUIG: How does the Korean population accept the shift towards green growth

with each concomitant shift in consumer practice, huge investments from gov’t. and dev’t. focus?

DR. PACIENTE A. CORDERO, JR.-NRCP-Taguig: In specific terms, what is the key role-to be played by

Korea to bridge between developing and developed countries?

DR. HONG KUM LEE: The reaction of our people is focused on “green university”. They want to save on

electricity by having little electricity consumption. In the 1900s, Korea has begun to realize the benefits of

sustainable development. Now in 2011, we can compare it with green growth. We need money for

infrastructure – to clean rivers, etc. Without money, we cannot make environmental changes.

DR. TORRES-ITDI-DOST-NRCP-Taguig: May we know what is the objective of the GreenTechnology

Center? Will there be possible collaboration? What products have you developed?

DR.HONG KUM LEE: We have very cheap biomaterials and other products are still being scrutinized.

We have clean oceans.

PROF. CARMENCITA T. AGUILAR-MarriottHotel-Cebu: I commend Dr. Lee for using beautiful

terminologies, i.e., green growth, brown technologies, etc. How much does the Korean government

spend to promote such technologies?

DR. HONG KUM LEE: Our people concentrate on developing power, clean economies, clean ITs, etc. We

have co-makers on these. Without clean growth we cannot survive. Our industries in Korea contribute

funds to develop our technologies. Investments in Korea increased to US$30-M.

Marriott Hotel-Cebu: Korea developed the first strategy. What is the bridge from poor to rich country?

76

DR. HONG KUM LEE: It is the choice of the government concerned. Green growth is a useful model for

developing countries with many institutions and organizations.

DR. FLAVIANA D. HILARIO-Marriott Hotel-Cebu: We hope that Korea is bridging the technology from

poor to rich countries on technology transfer.

DR. HONG KUM LEE: If Korea want to be a global leader, it has to provide assistance to developing

countries. We have to share with them our technologies, like our biotechnology. We can help and work

together.

DR. FLAVIANA D. HILARIO-Marriott Hotel-Cebu: PAGASA is thankful for South Korea from which we

are receiving aid in monitoring our stations.

CMU-Bukidnon: Are green technologies valuable enough to be accepted by Korean industries? Is there a

plan to promote Korea’s technologies to the ASEAN region?

DR. HONG KUM LEE: The industries in Korea provide aid to our technologies. They accept our

technologies to which they strictly follow.

77

Hong Kum Le e

ICSU- RCAP, Ce bu, 2 01 1 .1 1.1 1 - 12

I. ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

1

I. ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

2

The declaration of ‘low carbon, green growth’ as Korea’s new development vision by President Lee Myung- bak in August 2008. Presidential Committee on Green Growth launched in February 2009 as the highest body for deliberation and coordination.The National Green Growth Strategy and the Five- Year Plan for Green Growth (2009~ 2013) prepared in 2008. President Lee declares Korea’s MT GHG emission reduction target of 30% BAU by 2020 in Copenhagen in 2009.National Assembly passed the Framework Act for Low Carbon Green Growth at the end of 2009.

Lay ing the Foundat ion fo r Gre en Gr owth : Mile stone s

Last 60 years

Brown growth

Next 60 years

Green growth

3

A Model Green Nation - through creating virtuous harmony of environment & economy

Vision

Objectives

10 Key

Agenda

Low Carbon Society &

Energy SecurityNew Enginefor Growth

Enhanced Quality of Life & Int’l Leadership

• Build Low Carbon Society

• Greater Energy Security

• Addressing ClimateChange

• R&D for Green Tech.

• Foster Green Industry

• Greening the Industry

• Lay the Foundationfor Green Economy

• Green Transportation& Land Management

• Green Life-style

• Int’l Leadership

National Gree n Growth Strate gy : Framework

4

Shifting to the Structure of Green Economy & Green Society

Introduction of the Emission Trading SystemRationalization of Power Pricing and Environmental Tax ReformGreening of Buildings and TransportationIntensifying Green Living Campaigns

Strengthen the Foundation for Green Industry DevelopmentGreen R&D and Training of Green Manpower for

Green Industries and JobsFacilitate Green Financing with tax incentives and VC market

development

Enhance International Green Growth Leadership

Curr ent Focus o f the Pr es ide nt ial Commit te e

5

78

Korea’s GG Strategy seeks to transform its economy’s entire system of resources and energy uses across the whole range of sectors for sustained green growth, assisted by a new ‘green’ export dynamism.

The key to sustained green growth will be a pervasive and continuing process of innovation, technological and institutional. This is key to delinking economic growth and environmental degradation.

The ultimate driver of innovation is the need to reduce GHG emissions to meet the declared target.

Innovat ion as Ke y to Gre en Growth

1 2

Gree n Inves tme nt by Big Bus ines s es : 2008~ 2010

1 3

Gree n Inves tme nt by Big Bus ines s es : 20 1 1~ 20 13

1 4

Le a ding Are a s for Gre e n Inve s tme nt by Big Bus ine ss

1 5

Compo sition of Gre en Inves tmen t

in N&R Ene rg ie s: 2 011 ~ 201 3

Compos it ion of Green In ves tment in

NG Elec tr ic Eq uipmen t: 20 11~ 2 013

Deployment of Renewable Energies: 2010 & 2030

Eight renewable energies for government- supported deployment: solar thermal, solar photovoltaic, wind, bio, hydraulic, geothermal, ocean, and waste energies.Three ‘new’ energies for government- supported deployment: hydrogen, fuel cell, and clean coal energies.

2010 2 030

Sola r the rm al 40 0.5(%) 1,882 5.7(%)Sola r photovolt a ic 138 1.8 1,364 4.1

Wind 220 2.9 4,155 12.6Bio 987 13.0 10,357 31.4Hydra ulic 972 12.8 1,447 4.4Geot he rmal 43 0.6 1,261 3.8Oce an 70 0.9 1,540 4.7

Wast e 5,097 67.4 11,021 33.4T ota l 7,566 10 0.0 33,027 100.0Sha re 2.98% 11.0%

(1,000 TOE)

1 6

52 9.6 4

1 ,157 .40

1,210.06

2,051.00

128.5%

‘09 .1 ‘10 .1 2

KRX Green Index

KOSPI

KOSPI and Green Indus try Index: 2009~ 2010

1 7

79

I. ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

1 8

Cooperation to RealizeGlobal Green Growth

Support DevelopingCountries in Green Growth Green Growth

Role-Model

’09~’13

0 .9

Green Hub Korea

Job Creation (1 million ppl)

•Global Green Volunteers, such as ‘Word Friend s Korea’ etc.

Through ‘East Asia Climate Par tnership’, Extend Green leadership Bridges between developing countries and advanced countr ies for c limate change negotia tionEnhance diverse technique cooperation

Portion of Green ODA (Both Parties) : (’09)14 ? (’13)20%GEF Contribution : (’09)0 .23 ? ( ’20)0 .25%

Environmental Performance Index, World Ranking: (’08)51st ? (’13)30th

Integrated with Green Technology and S ystem inc luding green growth c ity and green FE Z (Free Economic Zone)The center of Asia Climate Change that leads Asia’s Green Growth

14.9%

Investment P lan(Tril . KRW)

CAGR

‘09

0.1

’10 ~’11

0.2

’12~’13

0.4

P olic y Pro gr am s by Age nd a: 1 0) Be c om e a Glo ba l GG Le ade r

1 9

President Lee proposed ‘Me First’ actions while announcing the MT emission reduction target as a voluntary commitment. This target is domestically binding on the government, however.

Korea proposed registration of non- Annex I countries’ voluntary commitments on the NAMA Registry and having them bound domestically.

Korea is bidding to host COP18 in 2012.

In te r nat io na l GG In it ia tive s : ‘Me Fir s t ’ Initia tive s

2 0

Korea launched the East Asia Climate Partnership Initiative in 2008.

Korea is increasing green ODA: 20% by 2013 ? 30% by 2020: EACP, GEF, and ADB Carbon Fund for the Future.

OECD has completed a 2- year project on green growth strategy at the proposal of Korea.

Report released in last May. OECD has ‘launched’ the Green Growth Strategy(GGS).

Korea launched Global Green Growth Institute in June 2010 to promote green growth as a new paradigm for developing countries.

Partners:Australia, Brazil, Cambodia, Denmark, Ethiopia, Indonesia, Japan,

Kazakhstan, ROK, and UAEADB, Danfoss Group, EBRD, GIZ, GGG Forum, NRCHS Korea, UNESCAP, and WEF.

Inte r na tiona l GG Init iat ive s : T o Globa lize Gre e n Gr owth

2 1

Discussed green growth for a “Planet- Responsible Civilization.”

President Lee proposes to open the era of ‘Earth 3.0’ in which earth environment and human civilization co-exist in harmony.

President announced a plan to launch a Green Technology Center for the benefit of developing countries.

GGG Summit will be held annually.

Global Gre e n Gr owth Summit in Se oul, June 20~ 21, 2011

2 2 2 3

Late 1960s

Early 2000s

June 2011

80

SESSION 3

Health and Well-being in the Changing Urban Environment: A Systems Approach to an Integrated Understanding

SPEAKER: Prof. Soottiporn Chittmitrapap Secretary General

National Research Council of Thailand (NRCT)

Prof. Soottiporn said that the methodology is both international and interdisciplinary. It has value in

relation with other on-going or planned community activities. The approach is useful as a research

method, for capacity building and useful for human resource development. In this case, it will apply to

research in health and well-being as well as problem orientation; also for policy research and services

research.

His paper is concerned with health issues in rural communities wherein he looked into health policy. The

issue of poverty reduction in the community is concerned with the problems of orphans and their health

condition. The issues involved have something to do with extensive drug resistant, as well as intellectual

property rights. In the rural area, villagers and children must be empowered to be capable of critical

thinking. Health services or well-being are much needed by the Thai in Southern Communities as well as

the flood victims in Bangkok.

Aside from health, the speaker said, there is need to develop more awareness of non-use of plastic

materials to prevent wastes that clog the water ways, which contribute to flooding. Herbal medicines are

also used in the rural areas as a result of social practices, which can be helpful to the community.

81

Open Forum Moderator: Dr. Flaviana D. Hilario, Chair, NRCP Division of Earth and Space Sciences

Rapporteur: Dr. Wilson O. Garcia, Chair, NRCP Division of Physics

Dr. Marietta Sumagaysay-UPV-Tacloban College: How do you propose to implement Health R&D in poor

and rural communities where research and empirical findings are not usually available to support

informed decision-making by politicians?

PROF. SOOTTIPORN CHITTMITTRAPAP: Implementation is very important. Even health personnel or

people who work in the hospital try to find out what are the problems in the universities, etc. The essential

research must be problem-oriented to match with one’s own need.

Prof. Margarita de la Cruz-UPV-Tacloban College: One of the impacts of climate change is on the health

and well-being of the people. What is the status of research in this area and what would you suggest as

priority research areas to focus on in the next 5 years or so?

PROF. SOOTTIPORN CHITTMITTRAPAP: One is the cause for emerging diseases.

DR. JAIME C. MONTOYA-Marriott Hotel-Cebu: One of the root causes of all of these is poor city

planning. I think, we have to come up with a scientific city planning. It is possible for us to develop a S&T-

based planning to develop healthy people in the city.

PROF. CARMENCITA T. AGUILAR-Marriott Hotel-Cebu: I don’t know how urbanized the urban Thais

are. What are the policies made for the urban Thais? What kind of diseases affect children in the

Southern part of Thailand?

PROF. SOOTTIPORN CHITTMITTRAPAP: We try to come up with database on these.

DR. TEVES-Marriott Hotel-Cebu: The assistance approach to solve problems requires strong political

will. Can you share how Thailand is doing this in coordination with government agencies?

PROF. SOOTTIPORN CHITTMITTRAPAP: We must work together. We must identify the health systems

available. NTRC provides funds for research. Each institution in Thailand serves its mandate and mission.

82

• Be International and Interdisciplinary• Build on expertise of the ICSU Unions• Add value to other ongoing or planned activities• Fill a unique niche• Incorporate links with pertinent international bodies• Generate new scientific insights• Focus on population health / disease prevention• Fit within the context of the Millennium Development goals• Broader the agenda of science for sustainable development

Systems Approach & Implementation

Research objectivesCapacity buildingHRD - Researchers

ICSU

1.1 Research towards local application of global knowledge pool.

GLOBAL KNOWLEDGE

POOL

LOCAL APPLICATION

accessibility affordability

acceptabilityfeasibility

GLOBAL KNOWLEDGE

POOL

LOCAL APPLICATION

accessibility affordability

acceptabilityfeasibility

1.2 Research for understanding of one’s own situation and problems.

83

1.3 Problem-oriented ResearchExamples: Oral rehydrating salt for diarrhoea (Bangladesh)

DMPA contraceptive drug research (Thailand)Alternative energy sources 1.4 Policy research

System research Services research Operational research

1.5 Poverty reduction research

ADB Institute: Poverty Reduction Research Program by initiating better primary healthcare and happy fami lies (Thailand)

Poverty targeting, Making markets work for the poor (India)Rural roads and poverty reduction (India),Microfinance (Pakistan, Bangladesh)

World Bank: Southwest China / Qinba Poverty Reduction Project (China)Sufficient economy for the elimination of poverty in rural areas

etc.

90 % of the efforts and investment in health research was for the health problems affecting only 10 % of the world population, while 90 % of the people mainly in developing countries were left with neglected health problems ( 10% research).

10 / 90 DISEQUILIBRIUM

Global Forum on Health Research for Development

Examples: Extensive drug resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB)Emerging viral diseases in developing countries:

SARS, H5N1 Bird Flu, etc

Relevant & used

Irrelevant

RESEARCH UNDERTAKEN

RELEVANTRESEARCH NOT DONE

Problems unsolved

KNOW LEDGE-EXPORTINGCOUNTRIES

Intellectual property rightMonopoly

Pricing of technology

KNOWLEDGE-IMPORTINGCOUNTRIES

Need the technologyBuy high-priced technology

With limited resources

POORER

It is relevant for developing countriesto try to develop their own

competitive research.

84



ICSU

Knowledge and skills acquired through research process# Tool to cultivate scientif ic and critical thinking# Employment in technology-intensive jobs will need abilities

to work on knowledge and technology from access, critical appraisal to application of new technology as well as preparat ion for futureadvances.

# Training of future researchers

Villagers in the communityempowered by research process.



Priority

Platform

Access

Funding

ICSUPriority Settings

Diversity of Problems

Research for important /significant health problemsRoutine to Research (R to R)Biomed. R / R&D for commercial

ICSU catalyst Country / National council strongly support

Programme development

ProgrammeStructure

Other involved groups

Time-line

Prioritized Health problemsPhase I Phase II Phase III

Research & Investigation team

Determining, promoting and coordinating research projects/ parallelcollaborationAll stakeholders

Developing methodologies and identifying data needs /Finding the new knowledgeResearchers / gov.officers

Communicating & implementing new knowledge : Promotion and outreach

Policy officials / politicians

… years ….years …. years

Multi-tasks Suitable dialogues

Experienced strategists

Resource

network

system

Information and database access

Funding and supporting bodies

85

Don’t worry, this is just the previous national airport at DonMuang, but can U imagine how high the flood is!

A New Mirror Lake at Bangkok

Summary

86

SESSION 4

ASEAN Community 2015

SPEAKER: Dr. Graciano P. Yumul, Jr. Undersecretary for R & D Department of Science and Technology

Usec. Yumul talked on the ASEAN 2015 – why we have it, the preparations for the coming 2015, and

what the Philippines has been doing concerning the ASEAN 2015.

Dr. Yumul, as a prelude, gave some information about current situations in some ASEAN member-states.

Thailand was being flooded having hard time exporting rice. China was having drought, with its

hydropower plant not actually working. On 11 March 2011, Japan was hit by a magnitude 9 earthquake,

followed by almost a massive tsunami. In 1911, Tokyo was devastated by a great earthquake but it was

not the earthquake that killed the people but actually the massive fires that followed. Right now, people

are still debating whether there is global warming or not – whether it is man-made or due to natural

causes. The UN Framework Convention on Climate Change is negotiating for a 2oC limit of temperature.

But looking at literatures we see that there is almost 4oC temperature happening in the world. With global

warming we see emerging and reemerging diseases for which there is a massive search for cure. In the

Philippines, dengue lately has been a major issue. When there is global warming and/or climate change,

weather (all about water) would be the first to be affected.

All these issues and how they affect the ASEAN made our leaders come up with plans and programs to

ensure that the ASEAN will be competitive in the global scenario. The ASEAN 2015 will be a borderless 87

community wherein the ASEAN as a group will be collaborating and competing with the rest of the world.

Its main purpose is to make sure there is peace and instability in the ASEAN Region, which will bring

about economic progress.

What the ASEAN is doing now is making sure that before 2015 the political, economic, and socio-cultural

arena are strengthened and the development gap in the region is narrowed down. The ASEAN provides

paradigm shifts, making sure that the region will become innovative. Indonesia ensures that our

biodiversity and food chain are taken care of. Vietnam pursues building up its two nuclear power plants,

that the first will operate in 2015. Brunei-Darusalam is investing its petro-dollars, not only in the ASEAN

Region, but also in other parts of the world. The program “ASEAN Helps ASEAN” sees that Cambodia,

Laos, Myanmar, and Vietnam would be at par with other member-states. Thailand’s hospitals and medical

institutions are forming a consortium so that no hostile takeover bid could engage these institutions.

There are now rich foreign schools in Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand knowing that the ASEAN is the

way to go. In the Philippines, all professionals are up to the accepted standards in the region.

2015 will just be the start. We are actually aiming for 2020 which is about East Asia – that the ASEAN will

have Australia, Japan, Korea, China, India, New Zealand, and possibly Pakistan. The plan is that the

ASEAN will come up with a document defining a rich ASEAN by 2030 – resilient, inclusive, competitive,

and harmonious. China, Japan, and Korea have come up with their own game plan up to 2030 and the

ASEAN cannot afford not to have its own up to 2030. When it becomes East Asia, it will be about the

whole region. China and Korea already came up with their version of East Asia. The New Zealand-

Australian version of East Asia will be ready by 2020.

The National Research Council of the Philippines, as commissioned by DOST, has come up with an

action plan for the ASEAN 2015, which underscores the importance of human capital development, policy

design development, and implementation.

The DOST is currently having ICT as a major backbone, addressing the administration’s key result areas:

good governance; anti-corruption; human capital development; poverty reduction; economic

development; security, justice and peace; climate change and disaster. It is putting all its financial

resources on S&T human resource development program, R&D and technology transfer, and disaster

preparedness. It also invests funds on cloud computing, algal research, and ultimately on non-adversarial

mining technology with state colleges and universities and other institutions. Technology transfer could be

accepted in the community, not only through science and technology but also through social science

aspects. 88

89

ASEAN Declaration, 08 August 1967

Promote economic growth, social progress and cultural development

Promote peace and stability

Work as a team

Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)


Member StatesOriginal 6

Brunei Darussalam

Indonesia

Malaysia

Philippines

S ingapore

Thailand

New MembersViet Nam (1995)

Lao PDR (1997)

Myanmar (1997)

Cambodia (1999)


ASEAN Community

Narrowing the Development G AP (NDG)

ASEAN Political-Security

Community(APSC)

ASEAN Economic

Community(AEC)

ASEAN Socio-Cultural

Community(ASCC)

ASEAN Political Security Community (APSC)

Rules-based community;

Cohesive, peaceful, stable and resilient; and

Dynamic and outward-looking


90

ASEAN Economic Community (AEC)Single market and production base

Competitive economic region

Equitable economic development

Fully integrated into global economy


ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community (ASCC)Human developmentSocial welfare and protectionSocial justice and rightsEnvironmental sustainabilityASEAN identityNarrowing the development gap


Krabi Initiative 2010:Science Technology and Innovation (STI) for a Competitive, Sustainable

and Inclusive ASEAN

STI Enculturation

Public-Private Partnership

Platform

Bottom-of-the -Pyramid

Focus (BOP)

Youth-focused Innovation

STI for Green Society

Organisational restructure for a meaningful delivery of STI agenda in ASEAN

ASEAN Innovation for Global Market

Green Technology

Digital Economy, New Media & Social Network

Science and Innovation for Life

Biodiversity for Health & Wealth

Energy Security

Water Management

Food Security

Thematic Tracks

Develop mechanisms to pursue partnerships and cooperation with other stakeholders in STI

Paradigm Shifts

ASEAN 2015 – Vision of ASEAN Leaders

Rationale Roles of STI –A Balance of Competitiveness and Human Development (People-oriented STI)

Reinventing ASEAN Scientific Community for a Meaningful Delivery of STI Agenda in ASEAN

Courses of ActionEnhance the ASEAN Plan of Action on S&T for 2012-2015 and leverage the recommendations of the KrabiRetreat for development of future APAST beyond 2015

Implement monitoring &evaluation mechanism for the implementation of STI thematic tracks

Ratification of ASEAN TreatyASEAN: legal entity, can sue and be suedTowards a borderless economyFollow a region-wide standard

ExamplesIndonesia: Coral Triangle initiative and development programsVietnam: Two nuclear power plantsBrunei Darussalam: Investment of petrodollarsCLMV: Bringing them up to par

ExamplesThailand: Hospitals and medical institutions consortiumSingapore: Take over bid of the Australian stock exchangeSingapore, Thailand, Malaysia: Establishment of offshore foreign schoolsPhilippines: Registration as APEC engineers

91

After 2015East Asia: 2020RICH ASEAN: 2030(Resilient, Inclusive, Competitive,

Harmonious)

DIALOGUE RELATIONS

• ASEAN + 1 S&T Cooperation• China – biotechnology, traditional indigenous

technology, food technology, renewable energy, seismology, marine science and technology, S&T management, materials science and technology


DIALOGUE RELATIONS• ASEAN + 3

• Priorities for S&T Cooperation• International S&T Partnership (China)• Strengthening East Asia Cooperation (Japan)• Center for the Gifted in Science (ROK)


Philippine Consultation

Human capital developmentPolicy design, development and implementationResource allocation

Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) AQUINO ADMINISTRATION’S

KRAs

GOOD GOVERNANCE AND ANTI-

CORRUPTION

HUMAN DEVELOPMENT AND POVERTY REDUCTION

ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

SECURITY, JUSTICE AND PEACE

CLIMATE CHANG E ADAPTATION AND MITIGATION

DOST KEY PROGRAMS

S&T HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM

ICT PROGRAMS

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS AND HAZARD MITIGATION PROGRAM

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT AND TECHNOLOGY

TRANSFER PROGRAMS

92

CLOUD COMPUTING

DISASTER SCIENCE and MANAGEMENT

ALGAE RESEARCH AND COMMERCIALIZATION

NON-ADVERSIAL MINING TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT

Priority Areas:

Government

Facilitative

Environment

Researcher

Technology

Generation

Private

Product

Marketing

Technology Transfer

Social Preparations

Community: Acceptance

WAY FORWARD

Reactors: Dr. Jose Paulo E. Campos Chair, Coordinating Council for Private Educational Associations of the Philippines

What is the Bologna Accord?

In 1999, the Ministers of Education of 29 European countries agreed to make the school systems of their

countries compatible with each other. Degrees from one country would then have to be accepted by any

country signing the Accord. The agreement was signed at the University of Bologna in Italy.

What’s in the Accord?

• Under the Bologna Accord, European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System (ECTS) is very much

like our system of “units”. One ECTS-credit is equivalent to about 30 hours of study.

93

• A bachelor’s degree can be earned in three years. Europeans three-year bachelor’s degrees are

equivalent to America’s four-year undergraduate degrees.

• The European three-year degrees is considered distinct from the Indian BComm, which is not equivalent

to a bachelor’s degree as it often requires further study before the degree recipient is qualified to enroll in

a graduate management program.

More bachelor’s graduates, and consequently, more potential master’s students.

The Bologna Accord creates a shorter undergraduate degree – 3 years. It is expected that there will be

more European students who will successfully complete bachelor’s degrees, which would, in turn, create

a large pool of potential graduate students. The estimate is 2.4 million students per year by the year

2010.

Before the Bologna Accord, first degrees in Europe which is equivalent to an American bachelor’s degree

plus master’s degree were supposed to take 5 years to complete. However, in practice, the length of

study was often considerably longer than 5 years because of students’ tendency to re-sit years and take a

long time to write a final thesis—without which, many degrees could not be awarded.

And so the length of these first degrees was a deterrent from attempting them and a barrier to education.

Of those that did enter higher education, on average, students in 5- to 6-year courses had a 17% higher

dropout rate than students in 3- to 5-year courses of study.

With shorter degrees, more students will earn a bachelor’s degree.

For example,

• In Italy, first degrees took an average of 5.6 years to complete.

• In France and Germany, degrees were typically completed in 5.3 and 6 years, respectively.

• In Austria and Greece, a first degree took an average of 7.3 years to complete!

In Europe, very long first degrees were the dominant model. With the Bologna Accord, there will be a

fundamental shift. More bachelor degree graduates would mean more potential master’s students. While

it’s difficult to predict what the student will do after graduating with a bachelor’s degree, it is their hope

that they will continue to work on a master’s degree.

94

What’s in it for us?

The Philippines uses the American educational system. Our Engineering courses use the Washington

Accord.

Bologna Accord tries to make the European education compatible with the American system.

But the Bologna Accord is bad news to graduates in the Philippines intending to further their studies in

Europe. It is also bad news to those who would be looking for a job in Europe. Then again, it could also

be good news for us. Why? This will force our Department of Education to adopt major improvement

changes to our educational system to meet the requirements of the Bologna Accord. The question is, will

they? And when?

According to Isagani Cruz:

“Starting this year, undergraduate degrees in the Philippines will no longer be recognized in most

European countries. Jobs in most European countries that require undergraduate degrees will no longer

be open to Filipinos, who went to school in the Philippines.” (Source: Philstar)

Take note, “will no longer be open to Filipinos” was how it was written on the article. (We don’t know if it

applies also to foreigners who went to school in the Philippines.)

Dr. Evelyn Grace de Jesus-Ayson Head, Research Division, SEAFDEC

The Webinar on ASEAN Community 2015 held last 12 November 2011 featured 4 papers: Promotion of

science and health education and public on science policy (Professor Bruce HJ McKellar, University of

Melbourne, Australia), Move towards green growth in South Korea: Scientific, technological and economic

considerations (Dr. Hong Kum Lee, Korea Polar Research Institute, Republic of Korea), Health and well-

being in the changing urban environment: A systems approach to an integrated understanding (Professor

Soottiporn Chittmittrapap, National Research Council of Thailand), and ASEAN Community 2015

(Dr. Graciano P. Yumul, Jr., Department of Science and Technology, Philippines).

The Green Growth National Strategy enacted by the Government of South Korea in 2008 as a new

development paradigm in response to environmental concerns and energy crisis issues is highly

commendable and worth emulating.

95

The overall objectives include: 1) to be a low carbon society and achieve energy security, 2) to create

new engines of growth, and 3) to enhance the people’s quality of life while at the same time becoming a

global leader for green growth.

The government is focusing its efforts in the development of environment-friendly technologies and

industries. To push its Green Agenda, the government forged strong partnerships with industries, the

business community and the people. Intensive information and education programs like the “Green

Starts with Me” are being put in place to institutionalize the policy from the grassroots. The role of

universities in terms of development and promotion of new green technologies as well as development of

human capital is also being strengthened. To make an international impact, the government is pursuing

international cooperation on green growth through the East Asia Climate Partnership and the launch of

the Global Green Growth Institute. This is a very positive development for developing countries that do

not have sufficient technological and financial capabilities to develop new green technologies. Developed

countries therefore should facilitate the transfer of already available and new technologies developed

from their R&D to developing countries and provide financial support to these countries to adopt these

green technologies for global green growth.

With the ASEAN Declaration of 08 August 1967, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)

was formed to promote economic growth, social progress and cultural development; and promote peace

and stability. From its 6 original members (Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines,

Singapore and Thailand), the ASEAN now comprise 10 member states (including Viet Nam, Lao PDR,

Myanmar and Cambodia). The ASEAN member states are working towards strengthening cooperation

towards an ASEAN Community in 2015 in three (3) fronts: the ASEAN Political-Security Community

(APSC), the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) and the ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community (ASCC).

In the Science & Technology front, a number of regional initiatives are being pushed e.g. the Roadmap on

Climate Change S&T intervention and the ASEAN Network for Drugs, Diagnostics and Vaccines

Innovation. The ASEAN has likewise forged cooperation with several countries in the Asia-Pacific region

including among others the ASEAN + 1 S&T Cooperation with China, ASEAN + 1 S&T Cooperation with

Japan, ASEAN + 1 S&T Cooperation with Russia, and ASEAN + 3 with the Republic of Korea, China and

Japan, on S&T areas of mutual interest.

A stronger ASEAN for better economic security is important in the food production sector. Food security

is a common goal for all ASEAN member states. World fisheries production records show that production

from capture fisheries has been stagnant in recent years whereas aquaculture production has registered

steady growth and now contributes about 50% of total fisheries production (FAO 2009). 96

The aquaculture industry is expected to continue to expand and increase production and contribute more

in meeting the global requirements for fish and fishery products. At present, nine out of ten of the top 10

aquaculture producing countries are in Asia; 4 ASEAN member states are in the top 10 – Indonesia,

Thailand, Viet Nam and the Philippines. However, the fisheries and aquaculture industry in ASEAN

member countries is highly vulnerable to the threats of climate change. Since the fisheries and

aquaculture industry is a very significant economic sector for ASEAN member countries, initiatives such

as harmonization of production practices and product quality standards, adaptation and mitigation

measures to climate change and other related policies are being actively pursued in preparation for a

single ASEAN Economic Community in 2015.

Recognizing the importance of fisheries and aquaculture in meeting the food security goals of the

Philippines and of the region, the National Research Council of the Philippines and other national science

councils, either singly or collaboratively through the International Council for Science Union (ICSU) has

an important role to play in the promotion of R&D on fisheries and aquaculture as well as dissemination of

science-based technologies that will ensure the sustainable development of the industry.

DR. ALVIN B. CULABA President, NRCP The NRCP underscores the importance of research in this country for national development. NRCP now

confirms that those issues and concerns discussed today by our resource persons and those included in

the Strategy in the ASEAN Committee 2015 are those that we have identified in the document that we

came up after the national consultation. We are now ready to also come up with an action plan that will

ensure that all government policies will be science-based.

PROF. SOOTTIPORN CHITTMITTRAPAP Secretary-General, National Research Council of Thailand

We have first to improve the economy – then aim for the action. We are a country with less technologies.

We have to share together whatever improved technologies we have.

PROF. MODH NORDIN HASAN Secretary-General, ICSU-ROAP

There are certain roles that the ICSU could play in the ASEAN context. 97

OPEN FORUM Moderator: Dr. Lourdes J. Cruz, National Scientist and NRCP Vice President Rapporteur: Dr. Zenaida G. Sadiwa, Chair, NRCP Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences CMU-Bukidnon: To be able to reach the vision of ASEAN Community 2015 where there is economic

growth, political security and socio-cultural development, what do you think is the best strategy to narrow

the development gap? Given the volatile condition of ASEAN community, what should be given priority

and why?

DR. GRACIANO P. YUMUL, JR.: We will make sure that within the ASEAN member-states, we will work

for a single standard. It will not be one standard working in one member-state and another standard in

other member-state.

DR. PACIENTE A. CORDERO, JR.-NRCP-Taguig: If ICSU-ROAP has funding for research, can we

submit research proposals?

PROF. MOHD NORDIN HASAN-Marriott Hotel-Cebu: ICSU is not a funding body for research programs.

It is more of a catalyst on science. But it has small grants open to its scientific unions.

CMU-Bukidnon: ASEAN Community 2015 is just 4 years from now. Where do you think we are now in

the roadmap and what are the pressing concerns that should be given priority?

DR. GRACIANO P. YUMUL, JR.-Marriott Hotel-Cebu: We have to move along the pace, direction of the

ASEAN 2015 whether we like it or not, finished or not finished,

98

Synthesis

12th Regional Committee Meeting for ASEAN & the Pacific and Webinar on “ ASEAN Community 2015”

HOSTED BY: Department of Science and Technology

National Research Council of the Philippines

Prof. Carmencita T. Aguilar Dr. Portia G. Lapitan Chairperson, Division of Social Sciences Vice Chair, Division of Agriculture & Forestry

• Dr. Alvin B. Culaba…………………………………….delivered the Welcome Remarks

National Research Council of the Philippines, President

• Dr. Cecilia P. Reyes………………………. ………..presented the Participants

National Research Council of the Philippines Executive Director

• Dr. Jaime C. Montoya………………………………explained the Mechanics of the Webinar

Executive Director of DOST-PCHRD

Past NRCP President and Member of ICSU-ROAP

Webinar Participating Units:

• NRCP Head Office, Taguig City, Metro Manila

• University of the Philippines in Tacloban City

• Central Mindanao University in Bukidnon

99

Presenter: Prof. Bruce H.J. McKellar University of Melbourne Australia

Session I

Promotion of Science and Health Education &

Public Awareness on Science Policy

Prof. Bruce HJ McKellar highlighted in his presentations two aspects:

first, the importance of Science and Health Education; and second,

the value of public policy awareness by the community. He said that

Physics and Mathematics are always part of Science education.

However, it has come to a point that the primary Science program of

the Australian Academy is almost sliding down. Fortunately, 50% of

Primary Schools are still adopting Mathematics and Science in their

Curriculum.

These are done by linking Science and Literacy program. They also

overcome the lack of teachers by providing extensive trainings for

teachers to enhance primary schools teacher’s confidence and

competence for Science Teaching. The Academy of Science gives

assistance to the providers of State Education Departments to the

Church school system and the independent schools. The effort has

encouraged the indigenous students who are enrolled in the program

to gain more confidence in the classrooms, as well as self-esteem,

which improve their participation in school activities. These efforts

have improved their literacy in Science.

Recognition of teachers in Science is also the key to the successful

learning outcome in the classrooms. By doing and providing

educational resources for Science learning has developed an

interactive program to support teachers and students. 80% of

Australians recognized that Science education is important. After 50

years of involvement in Science education, the author concluded that

to place scientists in the map of the schools could improve the

science programs even while it will entail a lot of work in Science

education. Australian Scientists are committed to the promotion of

Science and Health education. The author calls for more

transparency and encouragement in the involvement of the sciences

in policy-making. 100

Presenter: Dr. Hong Kum Lee President, Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI) Republic of Korea

Session II

The Move Towards Green Growth in South Korea: Scientific, Technological and Economic Consideration

The author said that the Republic of Korea’s green growth strategy

and policies were prepared as early as 15years ago in response to

the impending energy crises. The policy was a result of the vision of

President Lee Myung Bak in 2008 as part of his 5 years plan for

2009-2013. President Lee’s goal was to meet an MTGHG emission

reduction target of 30% only. The objectives were to have a low

carbon society; new engine; enhance quality of life and International

Green Growth Leadership.

The following are the strategies to implement the plan: I. Science and Technology of green Growth

1. Adopt to Climate Change

2. Privatization of 4 Major Rivers

3. Promote Healthy Forests and Eco-system

II. Adopt Green Technologies 1. Education for green technology with international

cooperation.

2. Expand green technology infrastructures

III. Core of the Green Technologies 1. Investments – involvement of big business and

industries in 2008-2010 with an investment of

$14 Billion in 2010

2. To increase the investments to $20 Billion by 2011-

2013 or an 18% increase.

101

IV. Deployment of Renewable Energies in 2010-2030 Solar Thermal

1. Sources

2. Solar Photovoltaic

3. Wind

4. Biogas

5. Hydraulic

6. Geothermal

7. Ocean

V. International Initiatives for Green Growth 1. International Leadership

2. Me-first policy and initiatives

3. Achieve the program through international conferences on related issues

to global green growth

4. Meeting the actual situation issues to global green growth or pollution

caused by gas pollution and atomic energy and related technology.

VI. Creation of Green Growth Institute for the purpose of: 1. Promotion of more green growth technologies

2. Bio-energy and substitute to promote clean environment with less exposure.

The author claimed that the South Korea green growth policy was successful and industries

and other entities that caused pollution have committed to cooperate with the government

policy.

102

Presenter: Prof. Soottiporn Chittmuttrapap Secretary General National Research Council, Thailand

Session III

Health & Well Being in the Changing Urban Environment: A System Approach to an Integrated Understanding

The author said that the methodology is both international and

interdisciplinary. It has value in relation with other on-going or

planned community activities. The approach is useful as a

research method, for capacity building and useful for human

resource development. In this case, it will apply to research in

health and well-being as well as problem orientation; also for

policy research and services research.

His paper is concerned with health issues in rural communities

wherein he looked into health policy. The issue of poverty

reduction in the community is concerned with the problems of

orphans and their health condition. The issues involved have

something to do with extensive drug resistant, as well as

intellectual property rights. In the rural area, villagers and

children must be empowered to be capable of critical thinking.

Health services or well-being are much needed by the Thai in

Southern Communities as well as the flood victims in Bangkok.

Aside from health, the author said, there is need to develop more

awareness of non-use of plastic materials to prevent wastes that

clog the water ways, which contribute to flooding. Herbal

medicines are also used in the rural areas as a result of Social

practices, which can be helpful to the community.

103

Presenter: Dr. Graciano P. Yumul, Jr. DOST Undersecretary for Research & Development Chair, ASEAN Committee on Science and Technology, Philippines

Session IV


Dr. Graciano P. Yumul, Jr. explained why there is an ASEAN

and what are the ASEAN goals by 2015. He explained what the

Philippines is doing as it moves towards 2015, faced with several

issues as follows:

1. The need for clean source of energy.

2. The issue of importing rice.

3. The hazards and risks and disasters.

4. Global warming

5. Water and issues of flooding

The Philippines keeps on seeking a clean source of energy,

which can economically affordable by the country. The

development of biogas and alternative sources are looked into.

Rice is being imported by the country, mainly from Thailand. But

with the floods in Thailand, rice will not be exported by that

country because it will be reserved for its needs. The Philippines

may have to look for an alternative source for rice importation.

Hazards and disasters like what happened in Fukushima, Japan

due to tsunami must be something to think about, while the

Philippines has no nuclear power plant but disasters can come

from earthquakes and inclement weather.

Global warming can cause diseases. Dengue is a major disease

in the Philippines.

Flooding and the overflow of major dams are problems that

occur in the Philippines.

104

While ASEAN’s objectives are to promote economic growth, promote social programs, peace and

economic stability, the country must work to achieve the socio-cultural and successful economic security.

The ASEAN therefore, must work to achieve:

1. human development

2. social well being

3. social justice and rights

4. environmental stability

5. narrowing the gap between the rich and the poor.

What INNOVATION ASEAN Must Make:

ASEAN must develop into a legal entity with a borderless economy. It must follow a region-wide

standard to achieve ASEAN economic and social variability by 2015, to be resilient, inclusive,

competitive and harmonious.

What other ASEAN Countries have achieved:

1. Indonesia – Coral triangle initiative and biodiversity

2. Vietnam – 2 nuclear power plants

3. Brunei – Darussalam – investments of petrodollars

4. Cambodia – Myanmar – Laos – Vietnam – moves toward economic viability

5. Thailand – Hospitals and medical treatments

6. Singapore – Economically viable

Moreover, the ASEAN needs human capital development and resource allocation as well as support

the Open Sky Policy to achieve the ASEAN 2015 vision. On the other hand, the DOST should invest

in ICT as enabling tool for good governance, anti-corruption, economic development, and S&T

development. Likewise, it should give priority to the development of mining technologies to trigger a

vibrant mining industry that is environmentally sustainable and socially responsible.

105

Discussants to the presentation of Dr. Graciano P. Yumul Jr.

I. Dr. Alvin B. Culaba – NRCP NRCP will support government policy to be Science-based. As a proof, NRCP and NRCT has just entered

into a MOA to help facilitate the efforts of Science-oriented objectives of ASEAN. II. Prof. Soottiporn Chittmittrapap

The goal of the ASEAN as it was organized in 1967 is basically economics. They bond together to move

towards science-oriented technologies, which can assist in the development of initiatives based on the

resources for operations which each country possessed.

III. Emeritus Prof. Mohd Nordin Hasan There are certain roles that ICSU can perform in Science and Technology which can allow closer link with

ASEAN. ICSU can be useful in the ASEAN to address Science issues in the region like China having an

international program office to address environmental issues; ICSU within ASEAN can initiate

identification of scarce products available from an economy where it is available; Scientists can promote

trade exchange by developing biodiversity; ICSU Scientists must develop their knowledge in identifying

needs by creating the mind set for it. Scientific minds must be used to answer fundamental needs of the

ASEAN countries.

IV. Dr. Jose Paulo E. Campos Chair, Council for Private Educational Association of the Philippines (CPEAP)

There are educational component relevant to ASEAN 2015 - such as the state of common higher

education implementer through the SEAMED. The system of higher education can be harmonized in the

region. There can be student mobility through student exchanges – such as what are happening in

Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia. The students’ attitude toward this program must be consulted

because of the differences in the S.Y. Calendar.

For instance, there is Quality Assurance program funded by New Zealand and Australia. Member states

can compare qualifications framework that can be adopted by the Philippines and probably other ASEAN

States. The Philippines 12 year educational structure will start this year and be within the ASEAN 2015

framework – perhaps, this can be studied particularly, the initial curriculum for ASEAN purposes.

106

V. Dr. Evelyn de Jesus Head, Research Division, SEAFDEC

SEAFDEC is concerned with food and food security. Fisheries production is going down. The fish

producers in SEA are from the ASEAN. There can be coordinated study to improve the situation and look

into the problems and concerns of the 10 countries concerned with fisheries and aquaculture.

WORKING COMMITTEES NRCP SECRETARIAT: Marriott Hotel-Cebu:

Dr. Cecilia P. Reyes Ms. Renia C. Corocoto Ms. Alicia C. Mercado Ms. Cecille Baquireza Ms. Rhodora Tuplano Mr. Danilo Sallilas Mr. Jaime Ragos

NRCP-Taguig: Ms. Leilani Pelegrina Mr. Andrew Salamat Mr. Nicasio Lambino Mr. Joselito A. Carteciano Mr. Gerry S. Petilla Mr. Jesus Piquero UP Visayas-Tacloban: Ms. Ruby Villavicencio Ms. Josefina Marin CMU-Bukidnon: Ms. Melinda Perez 107

NRCP GOVERNING BOARD: Dr. Alvin B. Culaba President, and Chair, Div. Of Engineering and Industrial Research Dr. Lourdes J. Cruz Vice President and Member-at-Large Dr. Grace D. De Ocampo Corporate Sec., and Chair, Div. Of Vet.Medicine Dr. Maritess G. Yee Treasurer, and Chair, Div. Of Biological Sciences Dr. Salcedo L. Eduardo Member-at-Large Dr. Graciano P. Yumul, Jr. DOST Representative Dr. Zenaida G. Sadiwa Asst. Corp. Sec., and Chair, Div. Of Pharmaceutical Sciences Dr. Flaviana D. Hilario Assistant Treasurer, and Chair, Div. Of Earth and Space Sciences Dr. Ester B. Ogena Chair, Div. Of Governmental, Educ’l. and Int’l. Policies Dr. Felix P. Muga II Chair, Div. Of Mathematical Sciences Dr. Carmelita F. Domingo Chair, Div. Of Medical Sciences Dr. Portia G. Lapitan Vice Chair, Div. Of Agriculture and Forestry Prof. Carmencita T. Aguilar Chair, Div. Of Social Sciences Dr. Wilson O. Garcia Chair, Div. Of Physics Dr. Irene M. Villaseñor Chair, Div. Of Chemical Sciences Prof. Felipe M. De Leon, Jr. Chair, Div. Of Humanities 108

Annex A 12th International Council for Science Regional Committee Meeting for Asia and the Pacific and Webinar on ASEAN Community 2015

LIST OF PARTICIPANTS

NAME INSTITUTION

Marriott Hotel, Cebu

1. Lilia R. Lauron - SEI-DOST 2. Salcedo L. Eduardo - NRCP-UPLB 3. Grace D. De Ocampo - NRCP 4. Manuel K. Palomar - NRCP-Visayas 5. Zenaida G. Sadiwa - NRCP 6. Flaviana Hilario - NRCP 7. Carmencita T. Aguilar - NRCP 8. Felix Muga - NRCP 9. Edna Salaguban - NRCP-DOST-COA 10. Nor Zaneedarwaty Norman - ICSU ROAP 11. Mohd Nordin Hasan - ICSU ROAP 12. Jianxin Zhang - ICSU ROAP 13. Javed Iqbal - ICSU ROAP 14. Bruce McKellar - ICSU ROAP 15. Soottiporn Chittmittrapap - ICSU ROAP 16. M.C.N Jay Asuriya - ICSU ROAP 17. Ahmad Fadzil M. Hani - ICSU ROAP 18. Hong Kum Lee - ICSU ROAP 19. Irene F. Abaygar - WVSU 20. Dexter Ontoy - CNU 21. Arnel Mannes - PAGASA-DOST 22. Jun Austria - PAGASA-DOST 23. Rene Burt Llanto - DOST 7 24. Portia G. Lapitan - NRCP-Agriculture 25. Wilson Garcia - NRCP-Physics 26. Ester B. Ogena - NRCP/PNU 27. Vivian Cabando - DOST 7 28. Venus Retuya - DOST 7 29. Yvette Hope Lapus - DOST 7 30. Elvira L. Arellano - WVSU 31. Evelyn Grace Avson - SEAFDEC 32. Jose Campos - COCOPEA 33. Felisa Etemadi - UP Cebu 34. Aurora Pinky Marcelo - DOST-NCR 109

35. Graciano P. Yumul, Jr. - DOST 36. L. B. Gonzales - PAGASA 37. Franco G. Teves - MSU-IIT 38. Carmelita F. Domingo - UP-PGH 39. Marites G. Yee - NRCP 40. Alvin B. Culaba - NRCP 41. Irene M. Villaseñor - NRCP 42. Lourdes J. Cruz - NRCP/UPMSI 43. Niño Monsanto - DOST 7

Media

1. Junjie Mendoza - Cebu Daily News 2. Jill B. Tatoy - SunStar 3. Rhea Ruth V. Rosell - Cebu Daily News 4. Arnold Bustamante - TV 5 5. Noel Saniu - TV 5 6. Ferdinand Dugay - TV 5 7. Mark Anthony Bautista - GMA 7 8. Leofil Labastida - GMA 7 9. Phobe Jen Indino - Manila Bulletin 10. Cardeze Mogaya - Cebu Daily News NRCP Staff

1. Rhodora S. Tuplano 2. Cecilia J. Baquireza 3. Renia Corocoto 4. Danilo Salillas 5. Alicia C. Mercado 6. Jaime Ragos 7. Dr. Cecilia P. Reyes

NRCP, Bicutan, Taguig City

1. Maxima E. Flavier - Res. Consultant 2. Norma N. Fajardo - Inst. Of Chemistry, UPLB 3. Nerrisa K. Torreta - IBS, CAS, UPLB 4. Waren N. Baticados - CVM, UPLB 5. Rio John T. Ducusin - CVM-UPLB 6. Carmencita Mateo - UPLB 110

7. Lovely Jen Aggabao - SRS 1 8. Joy G. Hofileña - CAS, Malayan Colleges Laguna 9. Achilles del Callar - NRCP Div. VII 10. Claro M. Santiago, Jr. - Asst. Director 11. Rosalinda C. Torres - Supvg. Sc. Res. Spec. 12. Maria Lourdes Aralar - Scientist 13. Virginia L. Barraquio - UPLB 14. Evalour T. Aspuria - UPLB 15. Jovita L. Movillon - CEAT-UPLB 16. Abigail Baticados - CVM 17. Maribelle D. Pabiania - Malayan Colleges Laguna 18. Fernando B. Aurigue - PNRI 19. Ursela G. Bigol - ITDI 20. Paciente A. Cordero, Jr. - Consultant-VSU 21. Ceferino L. Follosco - NRCP Div. VII 22. Mariluz Dionglay - FPRDI 23. Julieta Z. Dionglay - CEU 24. Marieta de Luna - NKTI 25. Wila A. Hurtada - UPLB 26. Leticia P. Olay - NRCP Div. IV 27. Adela S. Tan - FPRDI 28. Reynaldo A. Gomez - TAPPI-Phils.

NRCP Staff

1. Jesus S. Piquero 2. Leilani D. Pelegrina 3. Clarita A. dela Cruz 4. Jesse M. Nicavera 5. Joselito A. Carteciano 6. Gerry S. Petilla 7. Andrew R. Salamat 8. Nicasio R. Lambino II

UPVisayas Tacloban College (UPVTC), Magsaysay Blvd., Tacloban City

1. Irma R. Tan - Faculty/UPVTC 2. Marieta B. Sumagaysay - Faculty/UPVTC 3. Margarita dela Cruz - “ 4. Ladylyn L. Mangada - “ 5. Ervina A. Espina - “ 6. Anita G. Cular - “

111

7. Marjhun A. Ricarte - “ 8. Facundo Rey M. Ladiao - “ 9. Miah Maye M. Pormon - “ 10. Ryan Rey M. Daga - “ 11. Edween D. Manaog - “ 12. Virginia N. De Asis - Visayas State Univ.-Tolosa Campus 13. Obdulia G. Camoying - 14. Rey J. dela Calzada - 15. Teresita C. Jocson - “ 16. Lualhati M. Noriel - Visayas State University-Baybay, Leyte 17. Lutgarda S. Palomar - “ 18. Emma S. Data - “ 19. Amelia Lourdes M. Prieto - Palompon Institute of Technology 20. Antonio E. Lim, Jr. - St. Scholastica’s College 21. Emelita B. Jaca - Tacloban 22. Anna Malindog - Tacloban

NRCP Staff

1. Ruby B. Villavicencio 2. Ma. Josefina B. Marin

Central Mindanao University, Musuan, Bukidnon

1. Thelma C. Montero-Galliguez - Caraga State University 2. Alnar L. Detalla - Central Mindanao University 3. Maria Estela B. Detalla - “ 4. Nimfa L. Bracamonte - MSU-IIT 5. Arnold C. Alguno - “ 6. Roberto M. Malaluan - “ 7. Rosario L. Reserva - “ 8. Rebecca B. Cagmat - Central Mindanao University 9. Luzviminda T. Simborio - “ 10. Agripina R. Aradilla - “ 11. Lesley C. Lubos - Liceo de Cagayan University 12. Numer G. Escalante - Capitol University 13. Francis Thaise C. Cimene - “ 14. Erwin P. Ambasa - Central Mindanao University 15. Annie L. Deriada - “ 16. Joy M. Jamago - “ 17. Julnar E. Pepito - “ 18. Alma Cita S. Calimbo - “ 19. Rolito G. Eballe - “

112

20. Jose S. Valmomba - “ 21. Jupiter V. Casas - “ 22. Editha L. Agus - “ 23. Gloria Jesusa D. Baltazar - “ 24. Emmanuel T. Baltazar - “ 25. Florfe M. Acuin - “ 26. Andrea G. Azuelo - “ 27. Reynaldo L. Intong - “ 28. Cecilia O. Bucayong - “ 29. Jose Hermis P. Patricio - “ 30. Mayflor D. Prantilla-Arambala - “ 31. Gloria L. Galan - “ 32. Thea Arbie M. Rivera - “ 33. Anthony M. Penaso - “ 34. Marilag T. Mateo - “ 35. Maria Emily S. Damag - “ 36. Bienvenido M. Butanas, Jr. - “ 37. John Paul S. Asenuevo - “ 38. Roejae C. Ang - “ 39. Celso C. Tautho - “ 40. Alan P. Dargantes - “ 41. Eleazar C. Galliguez - Caraga State University 42. Noel C. Sieras - Central Mindanao University 43. Ramel E. Claros - “ 44. Agapito M. Bayron, Jr. - “ 45. Domingo P. Lodevico - “ 46. Reggie Y. Dela Cruz - “ 47. Estrella D. Alfabeto - “ 48. Angela Grace C. Bruno - “ 49. Ricardo G. Villar - “ 50. Donald G. Camatura - “ 51. Pilar V. Domagsang - “ 52. Fernando Domagsang - “ 53. Rubie A. Arroyo - “ 54. Nenita B. Baldo - “ 55. Lydia C. Sison - “ 56. Judith D. Intong - “ 57. Raul Margas - “ 58. Einstine M. Opiso - “ 59. Eva M. Mendoza - “ 60. Jeneifer C. Nueva - “ 61. Isidora M. Olazo - “ 62. Joycelyn Grace A. Escarlos - “ 63. Nenita I. Prazo - “

113

64. Revelieta B. Aloven - “ 65. Lotis Joy R. Catane - “ 66. Raul C. Orongan - “ 67. Lorelie Gloria A. Samaniego - “ 68. Rodney D. Colinares - “ 69. Normie Jean B. Saja - “

NRCP Staff

1. Melinda L. Perez 114

Department: Department of Science & Technology Project Title: Consultation/ Workshop on aNational Research Council of the Philippines Competitive Philippines in the Report No : ASEAN 2015.Date : December 2, 2011

TRUST MDS TRUST MDS

A. DOST a. Continuing Appropriation 2010-2011 Representation 221,372.46 221,372.46 248,872.46 -27,500.00 Printing and Publication 33,000.00 33,000.00 5,500.00 27,500.00

Sub - Total 254,372.46 254,372.46 254,372.46 0.00

b. Additional Funding 2011 (Activity 4) Representation 205,627.00 205,627.00 205,627.00 0.00 Supplies and Materials 34,000.00 34,000.00 34,000.00 0.00 Traveling Expenses 156,000.00 156,000.00 156,000.00 0.00

Sub - Total 395,627.00 395,627.00 395,627.00 0.00

GRAND TOTAL 649,999.46 395,627.00 254,372.46 395,627.00 254,372.46 0.00 0.00

NOTED: APPROVED BY:

DANILO A. SALILLAS EDNA SALAGUBAN CECILIA P. REYES, Ph.D.Accountant III State Auditor IV Executive Director

115

November 10-12, 2011

EXPENSES BALANCE

ANNEX B: FINANCIAL REPORT

STATEMENT OF ALLOTMENT, DISBURSEMENT AND BALANCESICSU-ROAP MEETING AND WEBINAR

MARRIOTT HOTEL, CEBU CITY

MDS

CERTIFIED CORRECT:

FUNDING SOURCEALLOTMENT TRUST

DOST Form no. Project Title: Consultation/ Workshop on aSeries of 1974 Competitive Philippines in the

ASEAN 2015.Department: Department of Science & TechnologyNational Research Council of the PhilippinesReport No :Date : December 2, 2011

EXPENSES BALANCE

TRUST TRUST

B. PCHRD Accommodation/Representation 96,000.00 96,000.00 96,000.00 0.00

GRAND TOTAL 96,000.00 96,000.00 96,000.00 0.00

NOTED: APPROVED BY:


116

STATEMENT OF ALLOTMENT, DISBURSEMENT AND BALANCESICSU-ROAP MEETING AND WEBINAR

MARRIOTT HOTEL, CEBU CITYNovember 10-12, 2011

TRUSTFUNDING SOURCE

ALLOTMENT

CERTIFIED CORRECT:

DOST Form no. Series of 1974

Department: Department of Science & Technology Project Title: Consultation/ Workshop on aNational Research Council of the Philippines Competitive Philippines in the Report No : ASEAN 2015.Date : December 2, 2011

EXPENSES BALANCES

MDS MDS

C. NRCP Supplies 75,000.00 75,000.00 31,150.00 43,850.00 Representation 91,000.00 91,000.00 12,555.54 78,444.46

GRAND TOTAL 166,000.00 166,000.00 43,705.54 122,294.46

NOTED: APPROVED BY:


117

FUNDING SOURCE

CERTIFIED CORRECT:

STATEMENT OF ALLOTMENT, DISBURSEMENT AND BALANCES

November 10-12, 2011

ALLOTMENT MDS

ICSU-ROAP MEETING AND WEBINARMARRIOTT HOTEL, CEBU CITY

ANNEX C: PICTORIALS

Marriott Hotel, Cebu City

118

Central Mindanao University, Bukidnon

119

National Research Council of the Philippines, Bicutan, Taguig City

120

University of the Philippines, Tacloban City

121

Documents

Consultation-Workshop on a Competitive Philippines in ASEAN 2015 and Webinar on ASEAN Community 2015