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SAINT PAUL SCHOOL OF BUSINESS AND LAW
Course Syllabus in Constitutional Law 11st Semester, School Year 2011-2012
COURSE DESCRIPTION
A study of the Constitution and the basic principles dealing with the structure of the Philippine Government and supported by relevant legislation and jurisprudence. The subject is a major component of Political Law.
UNITS: 3
HOURS: 3 hours a week
POLITICAL LAW Definition
Macariola v. Asuncion, 114 SCRA 77
CONSTITUTIONAL LAW
Concept of Constitutional Law
Basic Concepts
ConstitutionalismPhilippine Constitutionalism
Doctrine of Constitutional Supremacy
THE PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION
Nature of the Constitution
Definition
Classification
Essential parts
History
Pre-1935 Constitution
Schurman Commission
Taft Commission
Spooner Amendment
Philippine Bill of 1902
Jones Law of 1916
Tydings-McDuffie Act of 1934
Sanidad vs. Commission on Elections GR L-44640 12 October 1976
1935 Constitution
Declaration of Martial Law
Aquino v. Enrile 59 SCRA 183
1973 Constitution
Javellana v. Executive Secretary 50 SCRA 33
1986 Snap Presidential Election
Philippine Bar Association. v. Comelec 140 SCRA 455
EDSA
Proclamation No. 1 Feb. 25, 1986
Proc. No. 3, Mar. 25, 1986
Lawyers League v. Aquino GR 73748
May 22, 1986
In re: Bermudez 145 SCRA 160
Freedom Constitution
THE 1987 CONSTITUTION
In re: Letter of Reynato Puno June 29, 1992
210 SCRA Effectivity
De Leon v. Esguerra 153 SCRA 602 AMENDMENT PROCESS
Amendment vs. Revision
Procedure
Proposala. By Congressb. By a Constitutional Convention
Theories on Position of Constitutional Convention
c. By the People thru Initiative
RA 6735
Defensor-Santiago v. Comelec GR 127325
March 19, 1997 Ratification
Doctrine of Proper Submission
Tolentino v. Comelec 41 SCRA 702
Review of Amendments
Javellana v. Executive Secretary 50 SCRA 30
Sanidad v. Comelec 73 SCRA 333
PREAMBLE
Purpose
Author
Social Contract
STATE
Elements People Territory Government
People vs. Sandiganbayan 2nd DivisionGR 145951 12 August 2003
Sovereignty
Separate Opinion, Kapunan, J., Isagani Cruz v. Secretary of DENR G.R. No. 135385 Dec. 6, 2000 En Banc
Effects of Change
Macariola v. Asuncion114 SCRA 77
Belligerent Occupation
Doctrine of Jus Postliminium
Dominium vs. Imperium
Lee Hong Kok vs. David
G.R. No. L-30389 Dec. 27, 1972
The Visiting Forces Agreement
Bayan v. Zamora G.R. No. 138570
October 10, 2000
Philippines as a State
CIR v. Campos Rueda 42 SCRA 23 1971
Functions
Constituent vs. Ministrant
Valmonte vs. Belmonte170 SCRA 256 1989
Laissez-faire vs. Welfare State
Doctrine of Parens Patriae
Cabanas v. Pilapil 58 SCRA 94
Classification
De Jure
De Facto
Lawyers League v. Aquino GR 73748 May 22, 1986
STATE IMMUNITY
Basis
U.S.A. vs. Reyes March 1, 1993 Immunity
Determination [Department of Foreign Affairs]
Liang v. PeopleG.R. No. 125865 January 28, 2000
Foreign States & Diplomats
Par en Parem non habet imperium Process of Suggestion
The Holy See v. RTC, GR 101949 Dec. 1, 1994
International Organizations and Agencies
DFA v. NLRC Sept. 18, 1996
Callado v. IRRI, 244 SCRA 210
When is a suit against a State?
Republic v. Feliciano148 SCRA 424 1987
Consent
Express
Republic v. Feliciano148 SCRA 424
General Law CA 327
PD 1445
Art. 2180 [Civil Code]
Act No. 3038
Special Law
Meritt v. Gov't. of the Phil. Islands34 Phil. 311
Implied Consent State commences litigation
When government submits itself to the court's jurisdiction
Froilan v. Pan Oriental ShippingSept. 30, 1954
Republic v. SandiganbayanG.R. No. 85384 Feb. 28, 1990
State enters into a business contract
USA v. Ruiz, 136 SCRA 487 Suability not synomous with liability
Fontanilla v. Maliaman194 SCRA 486
Government Agencies
IncorporatedFarolan v. CTA 217 SCRA 298 1993
Municipal Corporations
Municipality of San Fernando v. Judge Firme 195 SCRA 692 Unincorporated
Principal function is governmental
Farolan v. CTA 217 SCRA 298
Proprietary: Suable
Suits against Public Officers
City of Angeles v. CA Aug. 28,1996
Wylie v. Rarang 209 SCRA 357
Lansang v. CAG.R. No. 102667
February 23, 2000
Consent to be sued is not synonymous with consent to executionMunicipality of Makati v. CA
190 SCRA 206
Municipality of San Miguel v. Fernandez 130 SCRA 56
City of Caloocan v. Allarde
G.R. No. 107271
September 10, 2003
Immunity not a tool to perpetrate an injustice
Ministerio v. CFI of Cebu 40 SCRA 464
NATIONAL TERRITORY
Territory
a.Article III, Treaty of Paris
b.The US-Spain November 7, 1900 Treaty
c. The US-Great Britain January 2, 1930 Treaty
d. R.A. 3046 (June 17, 1961)
e. R.A. 5446 (September 8, 1968)
f. P.D. No. 1596, June 11, 1978 (other territories)
g. P.D. No. 1599, June 11, 1978 (200 Mile Exclusive Economic Zone)
Philippine Archipelago
Archipelagic Doctrine
Territorial Sea
Contiguous Zone
Exclusive Economic ZoneUN Convention on the Law of the Sea
Sultanate of Sulu and the Sabah Claim
Spratlys Claim
DECLARATION OF PRINCIPLES AND STATE POLICIES
DISTINCTIONPRINCIPLES
THE PHILIPPINES: A REPUBLICAN STATE
Republicanism Manifestations
Nemo est supra leges
Rule of majority Accountability of Public Officials
Bill of Rights
Legislature cannot pass irrepealable laws
Separation of Powers
Principle of Blending of Powers Principle of Checks and Balances
Senate v. Ermita E.O.464 G.R. No. 169777
Non-delegation of powers
Phil. Interisland Shipping Ass'n. v. CA GR 100481
Jan. 22, 1997Potestas delegata non delegare potest Election through popular will Act of State
Renunciation of war
War of Aggression
Defensive War
Doctrine of Incorporation Civilian Supremacy
IBP v. ZamoraG.R. No. 141284 August 15, 2000
Role of the Military Government to serve and protect the people People to defend the State
Separation of Church and State
STATE POLICIES
Independent Foreign Policy Nuclear Free Philippines Just and dynamic social order Social Justice
Calalang v. Williams 70 Phil. 726
Human dignity and human rights Fundamental Equality of men and womenLaws protecting the women’s sector
RA 9710 RA 9262RA 8353RA 7192
Promotion of health and ecology
Doctrine of Inter-generational Responsibility
Oposa v. FactoranGR 1010183
July 30, 1993
Education, science and technology
Education
Right to education
Villar v. TIP 135 SCRA 706
Tangonan v. Cruz-Pano137 SCRA 245
Educational mandate of the state
Tablarin v. Gutierrez 152 SCRA 370
University of the Philippines v. Ayson 176 SCRA 571
Alcuaz v. PSBR 178 SCRA 135
Scholarship
Cui v. ArrellanoG.R. No. L-15127May 30, 1961
LaborLand Reform
Ass'n. of Small Land Owners v. Sec. of Agrarian Reform 175 SCRA 343
Regalian Doctrine
Cruz v. DENR Secretary
G.R. No. 135385 December 6, 2000
La Bugal-B’laan Tribal Assn. v. DENR SecretaryGR 127882Jan. 27, 2004
Republic v. CAGR 103882 Nov. 25, 1998
Inalienable Lands of the Public Domain
Chavez v. PEA & AMARI GR 133250
Nov. 11, 2003 People's organizations Family and Youth
Cabanas v. Pilapil, 58 SCRA 94 Self-reliant and independent national economy
Tañada v. Angara GATT GR 118295
May 2, 1997 Communication and information in nation-building Autonomy of Local Governments Decentralization of Administration Decentralization of Power
Basco v. PAGCOR 197 SCRA 52 Autonomous Region
Disomangcop v. DPWH Secretary GR 149848
November 25, 2004 Indigenous Cultural Communities
Cruz v. DENR Secretary G.R. No. 135385 December 6, 2000
Honest public service and full public disclosure
CITIZENSHIP
Definition
Importance of Citizenship
Elizabeth Lee. V. Director of Lands G.R. No. 128195
October 3, 2001
Nationality
Modes of Acquisition
Pre-1935
1973
1987 Citizens of the Philippines
Pre-1935
Citizens under the 1935 Constitution
a. The Caram Ruleb. Those whose fathers were citizensd. Those who elected upon reaching majority agee. Those who were naturalized
Citizens under the 1973 Constitution
a. Those who were already citizensb. Those whose fathers and mothers are citizensc. Those who electedd. Those who were naturalized
Citizens under the 1987 Constitution
Who are Philippine Citizens :
Article IV, Section 1
1. Those who are citizens of the Philippines at the time of adoption of the 1987 Constitutiona. Citizens under the 1935 Constitution
The Caram RuleThose whose fathers were citizensThose who elected upon reaching majority ageThose who were naturalized
b. Citizens under the 1973 ConstitutionThose already citizensThose whose fathers and mothers are citizensThose that electedThose who were naturalized
2. Those whose fathers & mothers are citizens3. Those that elect Philippine Citizenship4. Those who are naturalized in accordance with law.
Natural Born Citizens
Article IV, Section 2
Advantages of natural born citizens
Article XII, Section 8Article VII, Sections 2 & 3 Article VI, Sections 3 & 6 Article VIII, Section 7 (1) Article XI Section 8Art. IX-B Section 1(1)Art. IX C Section 1(1) Art. IX D Section 1(1) Article XII, Section 20 Article X111, Section 17 (2)
1.Those whose fathers and mother are citizens.2.Those who elect Filipino citizenship2.Former natural born citizens who reacquire citizenship by repatriation
Tecson v. Comelec [FPJ] G.R. No. 161434
March 3, 2004
Bengson v. HRET G.R. No. 142840 May 7, 2001
In re Ching, Bar Matter No. 914October 1, 1999
Co v. HRET 199 SCRA 692 1991
Election of Philippine citizenship
In re: Vicente ChingBar Matter No. 914
October 1, 1999
Doctrine of Implied Election Co v. HRET G.R. No. 92191-92 July 30, 1991
Naturalization
1. By Judicial Proceeding
a) Com. Act No. 473 (Revised Naturalization Law) Sections 2,3,4,5,7,8,15 & 18
b) R.A. No. 530, Section 1 - effect on the wife and children
Republic v. Liyao 214 SCRA 7481992
Moy Ya Lim Yao v. Commissioner of Immigration41 SCRA 292
Republic v. De la Rosa 232 SCRA 785
Djumantan v. DomingoJan. 30, 1995
2. By Administrative Proceeding (R.A. No. 9138)
3. By Direct Act of Congress
4. Denaturalization
Loss of citizenship
Article IV, Section 3
Coquilla v. ComelecG.R. No. 151914July 31, 2002
By naturalization
Frivaldo v. Comelec 174 SCRA 245
Labo v. Comelec176 SCRA 1
Express renunciation Expatriation
Yu v. Defensor-Santiago 169 SCRA 364 Reacquisition
Com. Act. No. 63, Section 1(2)
Frivaldo v. Comelec257 SCRA 727 1996
Jao v. Republic 121 SCRA 358 1983
Angat v. Republic GR. No. 132244September 14,1999
Yu v. Santiago169 SCRA 364 1989
RA 8171 [Repatriation]
RA 9225 [Dual Citizenship] Retroactivity
Frivaldo v. Comelec257 SCRA 727
June 28, 1996
Dual citizenship /Dual allegiance
Sec. 40, R.A. 7160 Local Govt. Code
Aznar vs Comelec G.R. No. 83820 May 25, 1990
Mercado v. Manzano GR 135083 May 26, 1999
Res judicata in citizenship casesDoctrine of Indelible Allegiance
LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT
Legislative power
Original Legislative power
Derivative Legislative power
Plenary
Limitations
Substantive
Procedural
Delegata potestas non potestdelegari
Maritime Manning v POEAG.R. No. 114714 April 21, 1995
Exceptions/Permissible Delegation
Emergency Powers to the President
Tariff Powers to the President
Local Government Units
Administrative BodiesPeople
Subordinate Legislation
Miners Association v. Factoran GR 98332 Jan. 16, 1995
Sub-delegation of Powers
Tests for valid delegation
Completeness Test
Sufficient Standard Test
Ynot v. IAC 148 SCRA 659
Legislative standard need not be expressed
Chiongbian v. Orbos245 SCRA 253
The completeness test and (2) the sufficient standard test.
“A law is complete when it sets forth therein the policy to be executed, carried out or implemented by the delegate. It lays down a sufficient standard when it provides adequate guidelines or limitations in the law to map out the boundaries of the delegate's authority and prevent the delegation from running riot. To be sufficient, the standard must specify the limits of the delegate's authority, announce the legislative policy and identify the conditions under which it is to be implemented.”
Houses
Bicameralism Unicameralism
Senate CompositionQualifications
Term of office House of Representatives/District Representatives
CompositionQualificationsTerm of office
Natural-born
Bengson v. HRET G.R. No. 142840 May 7, 2001
Residence/Domicile
Marcos vs. COMELEC G.R. No. 11997618 September 1995
Aquino v. ComelecG.R. No. 120265 September 18, 1995
Term of office
Party-list Representatives
QualificationsTerm of office
Apportionment of Seats
CIBAC v COMELECG.R. No. 172103 2007
Veterans Federation Party v. Comelec G.R. No. 136781
October 6, 2000
Ang Ladlad v. Comelec G.R. No. 190582
April 8, 2010
Ang Bagong Bayani-OFW Labor Party v. Comelec G.R. No. 147589
June 26, 2001 Apportionment of Legislative Districts
Montejo v. Comelec GR 118702 Mar. 19, 1995
Mariano v. Comelec 242 SCRA 211
Gerrymandering
Doctrine of Equal Representation
Rule of one-man-one-vote
Aquino v. ComelecG.R. No. 189793 April 7, 2010
Privileges
Freedom from Arrest
Martinez v. Morfe 44 SCRA 22
1972
Parliamentary Immunity
Jimenez v. Cabangbang17 SCRA 714
Effect of Imprisonment
People v. Jalosjos G.R. Nos. 132875-76 February 3, 2000
Effect of Election on the issue of Detention
Trillanes v. PimentelG.R. No. 179817June 27, 2008
Disqualifications and Inhibitions
Flores v. Drilon 223 SCRA 563 1994
Sessions
Adjournment
Officers
Santiago v. GuingonaG.R. No. 147589 June 26, 2001
Quorum
Avelino v. Cuenco 83 Phil. 17
Rules of Proceedings
Pacete v. Sec. of the Commission on Appointments 40 SCRA 58 1971
Arroyo v. De Venecia [Sin-taxes] GR 127255Aug. 14, 1997
Discipline of members
De Venecia v. Sandiganbayan,February 2, 2002
Santiago v. Sandiganbayan,April 19, 2001
Paredes v. Sandiganbayan G.R. 11836
August 10, 1995
Suspension
Preventive Suspension
Santiago v. SandiganbayanG.R. No. 128055April 18, 2001
Electoral Tribunals
Composition
Abbas v. Senate Electoral Tribunal 166 SCRA 651
Bondoc v. Pineda 201 SCRA 792
Powers
Sampayan v. Daza 213 SCRA 807
Jurisdiction over Proclamation Controversy
Caruncho v. Comelec G.R. No. 135996 September 30, 1999 Commission on Appointments
Composition Guingona v. Gonzales
214 SCRA 789
Coseteng v. Mitra 187 SCRA 377 1990
Powers
Sarmiento v. Mison 156 SCRA 549
Legislative Process/Procedural Limitations
Requirements as to bills
One Bill: One subject
Guzman v. Comelec G.R. No. 129118July 19, 2000
Cruz v. Paras 123 SCRA 569
Sufficiency of Title
Chongbian v. Orbos 245 SCRA 253
Phil. Judges Association v. PradoGR 105371
Nov. 11, 1993
Requirements as to certain laws
Appropriation laws
Art. VII, Sec. 22Art. VI, Secs. 24-25 and 29
Tolentino v. Secretary of FinanceGR 115455 Aug. 25, 1994Motion for Reconsideration, Oct. 30, 1995
Guingona v. Carague196 SCRA 221 1991
Art. VI, Sec. 28Art. XIV, Sec. 4 (3-4)
Tan v. del Rosario 237 SCRA 324
Garcia v. Executive Secretary 211 SCRA 219 Bills that must originate exclusively from the House
Tolentino v. Secretary of FinanceGR 115455
Aug. 25, 1994MR, Oct. 30, 1995
Procedure for the passage of bills
Three readings on separate days
Bicameral Conference Committee
Approval of Bills
Enrolled Bill Theory
Casco Chemical v. Gimenez, 7 SCRA 347 Legislative Journal /Enrolled Bill
Morales v. Subido,27 SCRA 131 1969
Astorga v. Villegas 56 SCRA 714
1974 Presidential veto
Qualified v. Absolute Veto
Pocket veto
Messaged Veto v. Pocket Veto
No pocket veto in the Philippines
Item veto
Bengzon v. Drilon208 SCRA 133
Legislative veto
One-House Veto
Phil. Constitution Association v. Enriquez,235 SCRA 506
Effectivity of laws
Civil Code, Art. 2
Tanada v. Tuvera
136 SCRA 27
1985
Exec. Order No. 200
June 18, 1987
Power of the Purse
Implied limitations
Guingona v. Carague 196 SCRA 221
Constitutional limitations and rules
Riders
Sub rosa appropriation
Prohibition against transfer of appropriation
Phil. Constitution Association v. Enriquez 235 SCRA 506
Power of Taxation
Separation of Church and State
Power of Legislative Investigation
Senate v. Ermita E.O.464 Issue G.R. No. 169777
Executive Privilege Doctrine
Neri v. SenateG.R.No. 180643 September 4, 2008
Bengzon v. Senate Blue Ribbon Committee 203 SCRA 767
Contempt Powers
Arnault v. Balagtas 97 Phil. 358
Declare existence of state of war
EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT
President
Vice-President Qualifications Natural-born Citizen
Tecson v. Comelec G.R. No. 161434March 3, 2004
Election
Congress as canvassing board
Supreme Court as Electoral Tribunal
Defensor-Santiago v. RamosPET Case No. 001 Feb. 13, 1996
Term of office Privileges
Official residence Salary Presidential Immunity
In re: Bermudez 145 SCRA 160
Beltran v. Makasiar 167 SCRA 393
Estrada v. Arroyo G.R. No. 146738March 2, 2001
MR April 3, 2001 Prohibitions and inhibitions Rules on Succession
Vacancy at beginning of term
Vacancy during the term
Temporary Disability
Removal of the President
Estrada v. Arroyo
G.R. No. 146738March 2, 2001
MR April 3, 2001
Powers and Functions of the President
Executive Power
Art. VII, Sec. 1 and 17
Marcos v. Manglapus177 SCRA 668178 SCRA 760 (1989)
Ople v. Torres293 SCRA 141
Art. VII, Sec. 17
Control of Executive Departments
Art. X, Secs. 4 and 16
General supervision of local governments and autonomous regions
Pimentel v. Aguirre 336 SCRA 201
Ganzon v. Court of Appeals
200 SCRA 271
1991
Power of appointment
Consent of the Commission on Appointments
Quintos-Deles v. Commission on Appointments177 SCRA 254
Manalo v. $istoza August 11, 1999
Sarmiento v. Mison
156 SCRA 549
Bautista v. Salonga 172 SCRA 160
Art. VII, Secs. 13 and 15
Limitations on appointing power of the President
Aytona v. Castillo4 SCRA 1 1962
Jorge v. Mayor10 SCRA 331 1964
Art. VI, Sec. 19Art. VII, Sec.16
Interim or recess appointments
Temporary designations
Adm. Code of 1987, Bk. III, Sec. 17
Executive clemencies
Art. VII, Sec. 19; Art. IX-C, Sec. 5
Pardon distinguished from probation
Pardon distinguished from parole
Torres v. Gonzales152 SCRA 272 1987
Pardon d is t inguished f rom amnesty
Effect of Pardon
Monsanto v. Factoran 170 SCRA 190 1989
People v. Salle, Jr.250 SCRA 581 1995
Sanctions for violations of conditional pardons
Pardon in administrative cases
Llamas v. Executive Secretary 202 SCRA 844 1991
Who may avail of amnesty?
Macaga-an v. People 152 SCRA 430 1987
Powers as Commander-in-Chief
Calling Out of the AFP
IBP v. Zamora G.R. No. 141284 August 15, 2000
David v. Macapagal-ArroyoG.R. No. 171396May 3, 2006
Power to Declare State of Rebellion
Lacson v. PerezG.R. No. 147780 May 10, 2001
Power to Declare Martial Law
Aquino v. Enrile
59 SCRA 183 Privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus
Lansang v. Garcia 42 SCRA 448
Garcia-Padilla v. Enrile 121 SCRA 472
SANLAKAS v. Executive SecretaryG.R. No. 159085February 3, 2004
Emergency powers
Art. VI, Sec. 23(2)David v. Macapagal-ArroyoG.R. No. 171396. May 3, 2006
Contracting and guaranteeing foreign loans
Rep. Act No. 4860
Power over foreign affairs
Recognition of foreign states
Conduct of foreign relations
Phil. International Trading Corp. v. Angeles 263 SCRA 421 1996
Settlement of disputes with foreign powers
Treaty-making
Executive Agreements
Treaties vs. Executive Agreements
Deportation of undesirable aliens
Go Tek v. Deportation Board 79 SCRA 17
1976
Legislative Powers
Municipality of San Juan v. CASept. 29, 1997
Ople v. Torres GR 127685
July 23, 1998 Residual Powers
Marcos v. Manglapus 177 SCRA 668 Power to Determine National Policy
Prosecution of CrimesWebb v. De Leon
247 SCRA 652
Preparatory Committee on Constitutional Reforms
Gonzales v. Narvasa G.R. No. 140835 August 14, 2000
Power of Removal Power of Control
Control vs. Supervision
Drilon v. Lim GR 112497 Aug. 4, 1994
Alter-ego Principle /Doctrine of Qualified Political Agency
Manubay v. GarilaoG.R. No. 140717 April 16, 2009
Executive Privilege Doctrine
Neri v. SenateG.R. NO. 180643March 25, 2008Senate vs. Ermita GR 169777
April 20, 2006
Carpio v. Executive Secretary Feb. 14, 1992
The Executive Secretary
Lacson-Magallanes v. Pano 21 SCRA 895
Power to Impound
Philconsa v. Enriquez Aug. 19, 1994
JUDICIAL DEPARTMENT
Judicial Power Jurisdiction
Diaz v. CADec. 5, 1994
First Lepanto Ceramics v. CA Oct. 7, 1994
Safeguards to insure independence of the Judiciary Fiscal Autonomy POWER OF JUDICIAL REVIEW
Functions of Judicial Review
Marbury v. Madison, 5 US 137, 2 L.Ed. 60
Defensor-Santiago v. Guingona GR 134577
Nov. 18, 1998
Francisco v. House of Representatives GR 160261 Nov. 10, 2003
Judicial Supremacy
Constitutional Supremacy Political vs. Justiciable Question
Estrada v. Arroyo G.R. No. 146738 March 2, 2001Brillantes v. Concepcion GR 163193 June 15, 2004
Judicial Review and the Political Question Doctrine
Article VIII, Sec. 1
Marcos vs. Manglapus 177 SCRA 668
Constitutionality
Lim v. Pacquing GR 115044 Jan. 27, 1995
REQUISITES: Actual Case /Controversy
Board of Optometry v. Colet GR 122241 July 30, 1996
Mariano v. Comelec 242 SCRA 211
La Bugal-B’laan Tribal Assn. v. DENR SecretaryGR 127882
Jan. 27, 2004
MOOT
David v. Macapagal-Arroyo PP1017 GR 171396 May 3, 2006
La Bugal-B’laan Tribal Assn. v. DENR Secretary GR 127882
Dec. 1, 2004
Pimentel vs. Ermita GR 16497813 October 2005
Sanlakas vs. Executive Secretary Reyes GR 159085
3 February 2004
Proper Party
Conventional Standing
Representative Standing
Joya v. PCGG225 SCRA 568
David v, Macapagal-Arroyo G.R. No. 171396
Jus Tertii/Third Party Rights
Telecom v. ComelecG.R. No. 132922 April 21, 1998
Transcendental importance
Kilosbayan v. Guingona 232 SCRA 110
Kilosbayan v. Morato GR 118910
Nov. 16, 1995 Members of Congress
Philconsa v. Enriquez 235 SCRA 506
IBP v. Zamora G.R. No. 141284August 15, 2000
The Government
People v. Vera 65 Phil. 56
Taxpayer’s Suits
Bayan v. Zamora G.R. No. 138570
October 10, 2000
Issue should be raised at the earliest possible opportunity Constitutional issue must be the LIS MOTA Doctrine of Purposeful Hesitation
Board of Optometry v. ColetG.R. No. 122241 July 30, 1996,
Drilon v. Lim GR 112497 Aug. 4, 1994
Declaration of Unconstitutionality Doctrine of Operative Fact
Planters v. FertiphilG.R. No. 166006March 14, 2008
Republic v. CA GR 79732
Nov. 8, 1993
Appointment to the Judiciary
Procedure for Appointment Judicial and Bar CouncilSupreme Court
Qualification
Composition
En Banc & Division cases
Fortich v. Corona G.R. No. 131457August 19, 1999
Powers
Supervision over the Judiciary
Dolalas v. Office of the Ombudsman Dec. 24, 1996
Rule-making powers
Maniago v. CA 253 SCRA 674 Writ of Amparo
Writ of Habeas Data Equipoise Rule Decisions of the Court
Nicos Industrial Corp. v. CA 206 SCRA 127
Prudential Bank v. Castro
158 SCRA 646 Power to control execution of decision
Echegaray v. Secretary of Justice GR 132601Jan. 19, 1999
Tenure of Justices/Judges
De la Llana v. Alba 112 SCRA 294
Removal and Discipline
Maceda v. Ombudsman GR 102781 Apr. 22, 1993
Salaries
Nitafan v. Commisioner of Internal Revenue 152 SCRA 284
INDEPENDENT CONSTITUTIONAL COMMISSIONS
Independence of the Commissions Prohibition on appointment in an acting capacity
Brillantes v. Yorac 192 SCRA 358
Disqualifications and Inhibitions Decisions - Certiorari to the Supreme Court
Galido v. Comelec Jan. 18, 1991
Garces v. CAJuly 17, 1996
SC Revised Admin. Cir. 1-95
Civil Service Commission Scope
DOH v. NLRC 251 SCRA 700 Approval of appointments
Luego v. Civil Service Commission 143 SCRA 327
Ramonte v. CSC 244 SCRA 498
Commission on Elections
En Banc and Division cases
Sarmiento v. Comelec212 SCRA 307
Powers and Functions
Loong v. Comelec GR 133676
Apr. 14, 1999
Relampagos v. Cumba 243 SCRA 690
Exclusive Original Jurisdiction
Appellate Jurisdiction
Guieb v. Fontanilla 247 SCRA 348
Aug. 14, 1995 Special Registration of New Voters
Akbayan Youth v. Comelec G.R. No. 147066March 26, 2001
Commission on Audit
Commissioner of Internal Revenue v. COA GR 101976 Jan. 29, 1993
ACCOUNTABILITY OF PUBLIC OFFICERS
Rationale
Impeachment Impeachable Officers
Grounds for Impeachment Procedure
Romulo v. Yniguez 141 SCRA 263 Criminal Prosecution
Estrada v. Arroyo G.R. No. 146738 March 2, 2001Decision on MR April 3, 2001
Sandiganbayan
Jurisdiction
Lacson v. Executive Secretary G.R. No. 128096 January 20, 1999
Ombudsman
Scope
*Barangay official
Supervision and control
Acop v. Office of the Ombudsman248 SCRA 566
Power of Removal Prosecutorial Powers
Camanag v. Guerrero GR 121017 Feb. 17, 1997
Power to issue subpoena
Form of complaint
Almonte v. Vasquez244 SCRA 266
Power to Investigate Administrative Charges Concurrent with the Office of the President
Hagad v. Dadole 241 SCRA 242
Concurrent with the DOJ
Honasan v. DOJ Panel of Investigating Prosecutors,GR 159747,Apr. 13, 2004
Investigate cases of ill-gotten wealth
Republic v. Sandiganbayan Sept. 24, 1994
Ombudsman for the Military
Agbay v. Deputy Ombudsman for the Military G.R. No. 134503
July 2, 1999
Special Prosecutor
Zaldivar v. Gonzales 160 SCRA 843
Commission on Human RightsPowers and Functions of the Commission
Cariño v. CHR GR 96681
Dec. 2, 1991
Civil Rights vs. Political Rights
Simon v. CHR 229 SCRA 117
Jan. 5, 1994 Fiscal Autonomy
CHR Employees Assn. v. CHR GR No. 155336
Nov. 25, 2004
PCGG
Chavez v. PCGG GR 130716 Dec. 9, 1998
Cojuangco v. Roxas
195 SCRA 797
Republic v. Sandiganbayan 258 SCRA 685
Romualdez v. Sandiganbayan 244 S 152 Sequestration
Republic v. Sandiganbayan GR 106244 Jan. 22, 1997
Effect of Order signed by one commissioner
Republic v. Sandiganbayan GR 113420, Mar. 7, 1997
Imprescriptibility of Right of State to Recover Ill-gotten Wealth
Presidential Committee on Behest Loans v. DesiertoG.R. No. 130140 October 25, 1999
NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PATRIMONY
Tanada v. Angara G.R. No. 118295 May 2, 1997
Natural Resources
La Bugal-B'Laan Tribal Association v. Ramos G.R. No. 127882 January 27, 2004
Acquisition of Private lands
Citizenship requirement
Lee v. Republic366 SCRA 524
Exception
Acquisition by legal succession
Ramirez v. Vda. de Ramirez 111 SCRA 704
Acquisition by former natural born citizen
Agrarian reform
Urban land reform and housing
Lease to foreigners of private lands valid
Smith, Bell & Co. v. Register of Deeds 96 Phil. 53 1954
Civil CodeArt. 1643
Regulation of economic activities
Rationale
Art. XII, Secs.6 and 12-13
The NEDA and development program
The MANILA HOTEL CASE
Manila Prince Hotel 267 SCRA 408 1997
Organization and regulation of private corporations
Operation of public utilities
On mass media and advertising industry
Practice of professions
State operation of private enterprisesAgan v. PIATCO, May 5, 2003
Marine Radio Communication Association v. ReyesNovember 6, 1990
Monopolies, combinations, and unfair competition
PPA v. Mendoza 138 SCRA 632 1985
Money, banking and credit
Cooperatives
EDUCATION, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,ARTS AND CULTURE AND SPORTS
Education
Science and Technology
Arts and Culture
Sports
AMENDMENTS OR REVISIONS
Initiative and Referendum
R.A. 6735People’s Initiative and Referendum Act
Defensor-Santiago v. Comelec GR 127325
March 19, 1997
Lambino vs. COMELEC G.R. No. 174153 25 October 2006
Indirect Initiative
SBMA v. Comelec Sept. 26, 1996
Recall
Garcia v. Comelec Oct. 5, 1993
Loss of confidence
Evardone v. Comelec 204 SCRA 464, 472
GENERAL PROVISIONS
The Flag
R.A. 8491Flag and Heraldic Code
Ebralinag v. Division Supt. of Schools219 SCRA 256 1993
On the name, anthem and seal
Com. Act No. 382September 5, 1938
On the Armed Forces of the Philippines
On the national police
On retirement and other benefits
On consumer protection
TRANSITORY PROVISIONS
-END-
The law is a jealous mistress, and requires a long and constant courtship. It is not to be won by trifling favors, but by lavish homage."
The Value and Importance of Legal Studies
- Joseph Story (1779-1845)