Constitution Flash Cards We will be studying for the Constitution test and

this will take 1-2 weeks. I prefer to see what we KNOW first & then fill in any gaps. We will be making flashcards – over 90% of my juniors passed the Constitution on the first try the past 2 years and I think it was a direct result of how we studied. Read the Constitution on your own – fill in the outline; we will go over parts of it next week, have Article 1 complete for MondayWe are starting the cards today: title cards & the FOUNDATIONS, need 21 cards

TopicsFoundationsThe Constitution

Article 1 – LegislativeArticle 2 – ExecutiveArticle 3 – JudicialAmendments

Illinois State Constitution

This is your title card – recreate this exactly as you see it – colors, indents, titleTHEN PUT YOUR NAME ON IT

Foundations – blank side, one card each

Articles of ConfederationConstitutional Convention

Unalienable RightsNatural Rights

Limited GovernmentFederalism

Judicial ReviewSeparation of PowersChecks & BalancesPopular Sovereignty

The ConstitutionHabeas CorpusEx Post Facto

Bill of AttainderDue Process Clause

“Equal Protection” ClauseConstitutional Democracy

US Census“Supremacy Clause”

Preamble

We will go through these, then I will give you what to write on the back/lined side. If you are color-

coding, all of these are PURPLE

Articles of Confederation Constitutional Convention

1) first gov't of the United States 2) weak,

difficult to amend

1787 in Philadelphia

Unalienable Rights Natural Rights1) cannot be taken away; 2) life, liberty, property

protected individual rights

Limited Government Federalismthe government has only

as much power as the people give it - rule of

law

system of government where power is divided

between a central/national

government and the state governments

Judicial Review Separation of Powers1) power of the Supreme Court to declare a law of Congress or act of the

President "unconstitutional;" 2) established by Marbury v.

Madison

1) idea that the executive, legislative, & judicial powers

should be carried out by different people; 2) prevent

the misuse of power

Checks and Balances Popular Sovereigntyway the three branches keep

each other in linethe government receives its

power from the people

The Constitution Habeas Corpus3 parts: Preamble, Articles,

Amendements1) the right to be imprisoned only being told the just cause

and reason 2) protects against unlawful detention

Ex Post Facto Bill of Attaindera law which punishes someone for a crime after the crime when it was

not illegal at the time - unconstitutional

punishment for a crime without a trial to prove guilt -

unconstitutional

Due Process Clause "Equal Protection Under the Law"standard set of procedures must be followed before any action is taken is taken to punish persons accused

of breaking the law

no person can be treated unfairly or unreasonably under the law

Constitutional Democracy US Censuscitizens think critically about public

issues and participate in public affairs

counting of the people every 10 years (years ending in Zero)

"Supremacy" Clause Preamble"the supreme law of the land" is Constitution, federal laws, and

treaties

1) first part of Constitution; 2) states the purpose of the

Constitution

Monday October 28, 2013

• Need Cards today – if not, you are unprepared (rule #3) – have them ready

• Open text book to Constitution• Take out Constitution Outline

Article One: the Legislative – 16 cards

Legislative BranchLegislative Branch Checks

US RepresentativeSpeaker

Proportional RepresentationSenateQuorum

3/5 CompromiseSimple Majority (half + 1) Vote

ImpeachmentBill Law

Enumerated Powers“Elastic Clause”

“necessary & proper”Concurrent Powers

Special Session

Legislative Branch Legislative Branch checks1) Law-making branch; 2) Congress: The House of Representatives and the Senate; 3) sole power to

declare war

1) approve appointment of judges; 2) override vetoes

US Representative Speaker (of the House)1) representation based on

population; 2) IL has nineteen 3) currently 435 members; 4) 25 years old, US Citizen 7 years,

resident of State 5) two year term

leader of the House of Representatives

Proportional Representation Senate1) representation based on population; 2) favored by

larger states

1) 2 from each state (equal representation); 2) currently 100 members; 3) 30 years

old, US Citizen 9 years, resident of State 4) 6 year

term

Quorum 3/5 Compromisenumber of people needed to

do business1) every five slaves is

counted as 3 people; 2) for purposes of representation

and taxationSimple Majority (half + 1)

VoteImpeachment

1) Congress to declare war; 2) Senate approve a

Supreme Court Justice; 3) Congress pass immigration law; 4) Senate ratify treaty; 5) Electoral College to select

a president

1) to be charged with a crime (indictment); 2) charged by

House of Representatives; 3) trial in the Senate

bill to law Enumerated Powers1) revenue (tax) bills must

begin in the House; 2) must pass in both houses in

identical form

specific powers held only by national gov't

"Elastic Clause" "necessary and proper" clause

1) give Congress greater power than given in

Constitution; 2) allows gov't to meet changing

needs without amendment

Allowed Congress to make laws not

specifically found in the Constitution

Concurrent Powers Special Session of Congress

powers held by both the States and Congress

called by President

Article Two: the Executive7 cards

Executive BranchPresident

Vice PresidentVeto

Electoral VotesExecutive Branch Checks

cabinet

Electoral Map

Executive Branch Vice PresidentEnforces, or carries out,

the laws1) president-in-waiting;

2) in charge of the Senate

President veto1) chief executive officer; 2) 35 years old, natural born citizen, resident of

US 14 years

1) President rejects bill passed by Congress; 2)

Executive check on Legislature

Electoral Votes Executive Branch checks# Representatives + # Senators = # votes per

state

1) president appoints judges; 2) veto bills

CabinetPresident's official

advisors

Article Three: the Judicial5 cards

Judicial BranchSupreme Court Justices

Chief JusticeJudicial Branch Check

Judicial Branch1) interprets laws; 2)

Supreme Court and lower courts; 3) appointed by President, approved by

Senate

Supreme Court Justice Justice1) no requirements in

Constitution; 2) confirmed by Senate; 3) currently nine

a judge on the supreme court

Judicial Branch check Chief JusticeJudicial Review (over both of

the other branches)presiding/head officer of

Supreme Court

Amendments21 cards

AmendmentsBill of RightsFederalists

AntifederalistPositive rightsNegative rights1st Amendment2nd Amendment4th Amendment5th Amendment9th Amendment

13th Amendment14th Amendment15th Amendment16th Amendment18th Amendment19th Amendment21st Amendment22nd Amendment24th Amendment26th Amendment

Amendments Bill of Rights

1) last part of Constitution; 2) additions & corrections to

original Constitution

1) protected individual citizens from the power of

the federal & state gov'ts; 2) protected citizens liberties

Federalists Anti-Federalists

1) supported the Constitution as it was originally written; 2)

James Madison, Alexander Hamilton

1) wanted a bill of rights; 2) Thomas Jefferson, Patrick

Henry

Positive Rights Negative Rights

require gov't to provide services for citizens

limit the power of gov't

1st Amendment 2nd Amendment

1) freedom of the press “printer”; 2) Freedom to

Assemble ; 3) separation of church and state (freedom of

religion); 4) rights of self-expression; 5) freedom of

speech

right to bear arms

4th Amendment 5th Amendment1) unreasonable search &

seizure; 2) “house is his castle;” 3) evidence gained without

warrant or probable cause is illegally obtained

right to prevent self-incrimination

9th Amendment 13th Amendmentprotect rights beyond those

listed in the Constitution 1865, formally abolished

slavery14th Amendment 15th Amendment

1) “Civil Rights Amendment” 2) required states to

recognize and protect the civil rights of all citizens; 3)

extended citizenship to people regardless of race

direct election of senators

16th Amendment 18th Amendment1) Income Tax; 2) Replace revenues lost by reduced

tariffs

1) Prohibition of alcohol; 2) Treat alcohol as any other

product for sale in the market

19th Amendment 21st Amendment1) 1920, women entitled

to vote;1) repealed 18th; 2) Only sell alcohol after noon

22nd Amendment 24th Amendmentestablishment of a two-

term limit for presidents 1) no poll tax; 2)

eliminate restrictions on voting in federal

elections; 3) increased participatory democracy

26th Amendment 1) lowered voting age to eighteen; 2) increased

participatory democracy

Illinois State12 cards

Illinois State Constitution IL State Representative Districts

IL State Senate Districts General Assembly

IL Executive Branch IL Governor

IL Lieutenant GovernorIL Secretary of StateIL Attorney General

IL ComptrollerIL Treasurer

IL Bill of Rights

Illinois State Constitution IL State Representative Districts

4th Constitution ratified in 1970

118 currently -two for ever state senator

IL State Senate Districts General Assembly

59 currently 1) Legislative Branch in Illinois; 2) 21 years old, US

citizen, resident of district 2 years

IL Executive Branch IL Governor1) SIX OFFICERS: Governor, Lt. Governor, Secretary of State, Attorney General,

Comptroller, Treasurer; 2) 25 years old

chief executive officer for the State

IL Lieutenant Governor IL Secretary of State"governor-in-waiting" head record keeper,

head librarian, issues driver's licenses

IL Attorney General IL Comptrollerhead lawyer, represents

the Stateworks with Treasurer

IL Treasurer IL Bill of Rightsworks with Comptroller 1) first article of state

constitution; 2) basic civil rights held by all citizens & residents of the state