Concept of conservation of Concept of conservation of momentum is applied in everyday momentum is applied in everyday

lives lives By :: Arina Hureen :: Aniq Najmi :: Nur Fatihah

Introduction

The law of conservation of momentum The law of conservation of momentum states that the

momentum will remain constant no matter what until and unless

any external force comes into action.

This results into the fact that the centre of mass of the

system of objects will move with the same or constant velocity unless

and until it is being acted upon by external force.

The Conservation of momentum is mathematically the result

of the homogeneity of space, i.e., conservation of momentum implies

that the physical laws are independent of the position.

Yet another consequence of the conservation of momentum is the Newton’s third law of motion that is the law of reciprocal actions.

Let's take an example when a gun is fired if we assume that the initial position was at rest and hence the initial momentum to be zero the final momentum should also be zero according to the law of conservation of momentum.

• Conservation of Momentum Formula•

For two objects with initial masses of m1 and m2 and initial velocity of u1 and u2 with final velocities after collision to be

v1 and v2, we can write the law as,

m1u1+m2u2 = m1v1+m2v2 

or

Also Δp1=−Δp2 

•

1. Rocket 1. Mixture of hydrogen and oxygen fuels burn in the combustion chamber.2. Hot gases are expelled through the exhausts at very high speed .3. The high-speed hot gas produce a high momentum backwards.4. By conservation of momentum, an equal and opposite momentum is produced and acted on the rocket, pushing the rocket upwards.

2. Jet Engine1. Air is taken in from the front and is compressed by the compressor.2. Fuel is injected and burnt with the compressed air in the combustion chamber.3. The hot gas is forced through the engine to turn the turbine blade, which turns the compressor.4. High-speed hot gases are ejected from the back with high momentum.5. This produces an equal and opposite momentum to push the jet plane forward.

3. Shooting a RifleWhen a person shooting a gun pulls the trigger, it releases the bullet, which flies out of the barrel toward the target. The bullet has mass and velocity, and it clearly has momentum; but this is only half of the story. At the same time it is fired, the rifle produces a "kick," or sharp jolt, against the shoulder of the person who fired it. This backward kick, with a velocity in the opposite direction of the bullet's trajectory, has a momentum exactly the same as that of the bullet itself: hence, momentum is conserved.

4. Baseball BatThis picture shows the impact force from the bat on the baseball. The ball’s momentum is zero until the baseball bat makes contact with it. Newton's third law of motion applies to this collision between the bat and the ball. In the collision between these two objects, both experience forces. These forces are equal and are in opposite directions. These forces cause the ball to speed up and makes the baseball bat to slow down. The forces are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, the acceleration of the objects are not necessarily equal in magnitude.

5. Newton's Cradle

Lifting up one sphere imparts some potential energy to it. Releasing it allows it to accelerate and obtain a velocity. The momentum of the sphere transfers most of its momentum to the next one until the patterns repeat.

Videos of Conservation of Momentum

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W9EqU1_DXUw

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vhb2b1gESRs

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T9lehHxv-C8

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lVQBIW6GeLI

To recapitulate, we hope all the presentations just now can make you understand more about conservation of momentum and knows some of the advantages or examples of conservation of momentum in daily life.

Well, that’s it. Have a great day! :D

Sincerely,

Arina, Aniq,Fatihah