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CONNECTING THE DOTS: L INKING PLANNING AND OPERATIONS FOR
BET TER TRANSPORTATION OUTCOMES
J a m i e C o c h r a n , A I C PG r e s h a m , S m i t h , a n d P a r t n e r s
N o v e m b e r 3 0 , 2 0 1 2
“We are continually faced with a series of great opportunities brilliantly disguised as insoluble problems.”
John W. Gardner
- Voter distrust/disinterest/hostility/apathy
- Lack of public awareness of the value of planning
- Continuous pressure to “do more with less”
- Lack of willingness or patience with creative problem-solving
“We can complain because rose bushes have thorns, or rejoice because thorn bushes have roses.
- Abraham Lincoln
Planning for Operations
Using the planning process to identify, consider, and use transportation operations solutions that
could be overlooked in favor of larger, more expensive capital investment projects to obtain
desirable mobility outcomes.
Similar Worlds of Planning and Operations
Planning System Operations(all the other stuff, i.e. design, construction, etc.)
- Must work continuously with multiple parties
- Requires creative problem-solving and consensus-building
- Reflects the inter-relatedness of technical issues
- Involved in in both short- and long-range activities
- Must work with very active constituencies
Key Ways to Link Planning and Operations
• Actively Engage in the Transportation Planning Process
• Share Data • Choose Performance Measures• Work Together on Congestion
Management • Share Funding and Other Resources• Work Out Institutional Arrangements• Serve on Project Teams Together
– Corridor Plans– ITS– Management and Operations– Safety
Linking Planning and Operations Has A Long History
1934 – First HighwayInventories Completed
1950 – First Highway CapacityManual Published
Linking Planning and Operations…
1959– BPR Sponsors Study of Wisconsin Avenue in Washington, D.C. to Demonstrate Value of Coordinated Traffic Management Methods in a Corridor
Linking Planning and Operations…
1962 Federal-Aid Highway Act: First Required Analysis of Travel Patterns and Traffic Control
Linking Planning and Operations…
1968- Federal-Aid Highway Act – Creates TOPICS Program(Traffic Operations Program to Improve Capacity and Safety)
Over 160 Cities Participate
In 1973, Program was Merged into the Federal Aid Urban System
Average new car costwas about $ 2,800
Cost of one gallon ofgas was 31 cents
Linking Planning and Operations…
1974 – Federal Service and Methods Demonstration Program – Federal Funds for Shifting to Shorter-Term, Low-Capital Improvements
Later known as “Transportation System Management (TSM)”
“Transportation Systems Management and Operations” activities include:
Traffic detection and surveillance Corridor management Freeway management Arterial management Work zone management Emergency management Traveler information services Congestion pricing Parking management Automated enforcement Traffic control Commercial vehicle operations Freight management Coordination of highway, rail, transit, bicycle and pedestrian operations
MAP-21:
Requires a report to the U.S. Congress on each State and MPO related to their achieving their established performance targets
- Safety
- Infrastructure Condition
- System Reliability
- Freight Movement and Economic Vitality
- Environmental Sustainability
- Project Delivery and Innovation
MAP 21: National Transportation Goals
Convene a Quarterly Local TransportationRoundtable (GDOT District County, Municipalities, Transit Provider(s), etc.
- Identify New Data- Discuss Partnerships- Create “Lunch and Learn” Opportunities- Invite Planners and Engineers
Include Management/Operations Experts in Your Planning “Brainstorming Sessions”
Schedule “Road Shows” to Look at Problems/Issues in the Field Together
Helpful Hints for Small and Medium-Sized MPOs
ARCBICYCLE/
PEDESTRIANTASK FORCE
GDOT
TRANSIT OPERATIONS SUBCOMM.
SRTA
FREIGHTADVISORY
TASK FORCE
GRTA
MGMT AND OPERATIONSSUBCOMM.
EXAMPLE: LARGE MPO APPROACH TO LINKING PLANNING AND OPERATIONS (ATLANTA REGIONAL COMMISSION)
TECHNICAL COORDINATING
COMMITTEE
METRO ATLANTA
TIME TASK FORCE
REG’LTRAFFIC
OPERATIONSTASK FORCE
Part of ARC Organization- Human Services Transportation Plan- Regional ITS Architecture- Planning Partner Across Region
Bicycle/Pedestrian Task Force - Formed in 1993- Created as a TCC subcommittee - 2007 Bicycle and Pedestrian Plan- Complete Streets Program- Safe Routes to School
Management and Operations Subcommittee of TCC- Congestion Management Process (CMP)- Crash Profiles and Safety Plan- Multimodal Corridor Studies- Strategic Regional Thoroughfare Plan
Metro Atlanta TIME Task Force(Traffic Incident Management Enhancement)- Nearly 80 public and private
sector members- 13-member Board of Directors- 2011 GA Traffic Incident
Management Guidance- Open Roads Policy- Towing Recovery Incentive
Program (TRIP)
Regional Traffic Operations Task Force- Regional Traffic Operations Program (RTOPs)
SRTA- I-85 HOV to HOT Conversion Project- Peach Pass- Managed Lane System Plan
Bring equal focus to planning and transportation system operations
STRATEGY ACTION
Think about maintaining momentum – celebrate victories with public and private partners!
Tap into a wide array of planning and operations talents and expertise across institutions and economic sectors –“more is more”
Complement and not duplicate state-level efforts with regional initiatives and vice versa
Make conscious choices to involve professionals who can see the ultimate goal
Learn MPO-speak and DOT-speak and be multi-lingual.
From Strategy to Action
Does the mix of funded projects include affordable, effective transportation operations solutions that are
supported by the public?
Are we “moving the needle” in improving crash histories, traffic flow, and clearing incidents in
the short- and long-term?
Are we talking to each other?
The End Result: Bett er Transportati on Outcomes
F o r M o r e I n f o r m a ti o n :
J a m i e C o c h r a n , A I C PS e n i o r V i c e P r e s i d e n t o f Tr a n s p o r t a ti o n P l a n n i n g
G r e s h a m , S m i t h , a n d P a r t n e r s2 3 2 5 L a k e v i e w P a r k w a y, S u i t e 4 0 0
A l p h a r e tt a , G e o r g i a 3 0 0 7 5P h o n e : 4 0 4 - 9 0 9 - 2 3 3 1
j a m i e _ c o c h r a n @ g s p n e t . c o m