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©CAS 2002

To achieve a Grade C or above at GCSE, you

will have to use the Past Tenses in your

Speaking and Writing.

There are three tenses that you

can use:

The PreteriteThe Imperfect

The Perfect

Preterite Tense

I played

I did play

In English:

The Imperfect

I was playing

I used to play

The Perfect

I have played

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In English: I played / I did play

The Preterite Tense is formed by adding endings onto the stem.

AR Verbscomprar

IYou (sg)He / she / itWeYou (pl)They

compr compr compr compr compr compr

comprécomprastecomprócompramoscomprasteiscompraron

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Practice………Practice………caminar(to walk)

dibujar(to draw)

hablar(to speak)

mirar(to watch)

trabajar(to work)

1. I walked

3. She watched

5. They worked

7. We drew

9. You (sg) spoke

caminé

miró

trabajaron

dibujamos

hablaste

1. He spoke

3. You (pl) walked

5. I worked

7. We watched

9. I drew

habló

caminasteis

trabajé

miramos

dibujé

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ER and IR Verbs vender vivir

IYou (sg)He / she / itWeYou (pl)They

vend viv vend viv vend viv vend viv vend viv vend viv

vendí vivívendiste vivistevendió vivióvendimos vivimosvendisteis vivisteisvendieron vivieron

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Practice………Practice………romper

(to break)

correr(to run)

comer(to eat)

elegir(to choose)

discutir(to discuss)

1. We ran

2. He ate

3. I chose

4. You (sg) broke

5. They discussed

corrimos

comió

elegí

rompiste

discutieron

6. You (pl) broke

7. She discussed

8. We ate

9. I ran

10. You (sg) chose

rompisteis

discutió

comimos

corrí

elegiste

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Irregular preterites:Irregular preterites:andarcaberdardecirestarhaberhacerirpoderponerproducirquerersabersertenertraervenirver

to walkto fitto giveto sayto beto haveto do/maketo goto be ableto putto produceto wantto knowto beto haveto bringto cometo see

All of these verbs are

irregular in the Preterite Tense.

In other words, they don’t

follow any of the patterns that we have already seen.

Check the summary sheet for the verb forms.

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In English: I was playing / I used to play

Like the Preterite Tense, the Imperfect is formed by adding endings onto the stem.

AR Verbsdejar

ER and IR Verbs temer vivir

dej dej dej dej dej dej

tem viv tem viv tem viv tem viv tem viv tem viv

dejabadejabasdejaba

dejabandejabaisdejábamos

temía vivíatemías vivíastemía vivíatemíamos vivíamostemíais vivíaistemían vivían

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One of the good things about the Imperfect Tense is that it only has 3 irregular verbs !

Ser (to be)Ser (to be) Ir (to go)Ir (to go) Ver (to see)Ver (to see)eraerasera

éramoseraiseran

ibaibasiba

íbamosibaisiban

veíaveíasveía

veíamosveíaisveían

Irregularstem and endings

Uses –ARendings

Stem hasan extra e

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Practice……Practice……ganar

(to win)

cocinar(to cook)

creer(to believe)

esconder(to hide)

decidir(to decide)

1. I was winning

2. You (pl) were hiding

3. He was cooking

4. We were deciding

5. You (sg) were believing

ganaba

escondíais

cocinaba

decidíamos

creías

6. She used to believe

7. They used to hide

8. I used to win

9. We used to cook

10. You (sg) used to decide

creía

escondían

ganaba

cocinábamos

decidías

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In English: I have played

To form the Perfect Tense you need part of the verb haber and a past participle.

haber

hehasha

hemoshabéishan

+ past participle

llegar lleg llegado

comer com comido

unir un unido

toarriveto

eattojoin

I have arrived He llegadoHe has eaten Ha comidoWe have joined Hemos unidoYou (sg) have eaten

Has comidoYou (pl) have joined

Habéis unidoThey have arrived

Han llegado

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Practice………Practice………What are the past participles of these verbs ?

bailar amar permitir

deber aprender entrar

temer vivir admitir

desear esperar beber

decidir prometer existir

bailado amado permitido

debido aprendido entrado

temido vivido admitido

deseado esperado bebido

decidido prometido existido

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There are some irregular past There are some irregular past participles:participles:

abrir

cubrir

decir

escribir

hacer

morir

poner

resolver

ver

volver

to open

to cover

to say

to write

to do/make

to die

to put

to solve

to see

to return

abierto

cubierto

dicho

escrito

hecho

muerto

puesto

resuelto

visto

vuelto

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So thereyou are…A tour A tour of the of the

past tensespast tenses

Now have a go Now have a go at the exercisesat the exercisesto check your to check your understandingunderstanding

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FINFIN