Conference on Managing AgricultureConference on Managing Agriculture21 August 200921 August 2009

National Rural Employment Guarantee ActNational Rural Employment Guarantee Act

Rita Sharma

Secretary

Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India1

Presentation Overview

1. Performance of NREGA

2. Inter-sectoral Convergence of NREGS

3. NREGA in Drought Affected States

4. Executive Instructions

2

Performance of NREGA

NREGA National Overview (Upto FY 2008-09)(FY 2008-09) 619 Districts

Employment provided to households:  4.49 Crore

Total:   216.01SCs:  63.39 [29%]STs:   54.78 [25%]Women:  103.41 [48%]Others:  97.84 [45%]

Average personday per household 48 Days

Budget Outlay (In Rs Crore): 30000Central Release (In Rs Crore): 29939.60Total available fund [including OB]: In Rs. Crore. 37483.94Expenditure (In Rs. Crore.) 27137.88Average wage per day Rs. 84

Total works taken up (In Lakhs): 27.2Works completed:   12.09

Water conservation: 12.50 [46%]

Rural Connectivity: 4.91 [18%]Land Development: 3.97 [15%]Any other activity: 0.25 [1 %]

43 Days 42 Days

Rs. 65 Rs. 75

0.89 [11%] 2.88 [16%] 0.34 [4%] 0.56 [3%]

8.73 [49 %]

1.80 [21%] 3.08 [17 %]

5.56 [20%]

12073.55 19,305.81

WORKS DETAIL

8823.35 15856.89

Provision of Irrigation facility to land owned by SC/ST/ BPL and IAY benificiaries:

0.81 [10%] 2.63 [15 %]

17.88 3.87 8.22

  8.35

4.51 [54%]

39.36 [27%]32.98 [36%] 42.07 [29%]

34.56 [38%] 62.16 [43%]

8640.85 12610.3911300 12000

FINANCIAL DETAIL

36.79 [41%] 61.15 [43%]

 2.10 Crore 3.39 Crore

(FY 2006-07) 200 Districts

(FY 2007-08) 330 Districts

90.5 143.59PERSONDAYS [in Crore]

22.95 [25%]

4

NREGA Performance 2008-09

• Employment provided to 4.5 crore HHs

• 48% of workers were women

• 55% of workers were SC/ST

• Average no. of workdays per household 48

• Average wage rate Rs. 84 per day

• Average earnings per household Rs. 4032

• Expenditure: Rs. 27,000 cr. ( wages 67% )

• 26.7 lakh works undertaken

• 70% relate to water conservation & land development 5

Bi-focal Lens of NREGA

• Supplements employment opportunities

• Addresses causes of chronic poverty through works including o Water conservation & water harvesting o Drought Proofing (afforestation & tree

plantation)o Irrigation canals, micro & minor irrigation works o Works on individual land of SC/ST/BPL/IAY/ Land

reform beneficiaries/ Small & Marginal farmerso Renovation of traditional water bodieso Land developmento Flood control & protection, drainageo Rural connectivity

6

Increasing share of irrigation works on private lands

-Small & Marginal Farmers account for 80 % of all land holdings and operate about 40% of all cultivated land. Permitting private works on lands of small & marginal farmers implies coverage of 40% of all cultivated area. Of the 142 million hectares of land under cultivation about 57 million hectares will come under ambit of NREGA works

7

Water Tables beginning to get recharged Improvement in land productivity

Plantation/ afforestation

Land Development, flood protection

& drainage

Others

Rural Connectivity

Provision of Irrigation Facility to SC/ST & BPL

Water Conservation, water harvesting

Renovation of traditional water bodies

Drought proofing, Afforestation

19%

15%

51%

1%13%

Focus on Water Conservation

8

Type of Work

Total works (in lakhs)

Total Expenditure in Crore

Benefit Created (in lakh units)

Water Conservation and Water Harvesting (Cu.Mt.) 9.08 13600 2510

Renovation of Traditional Water bodies (Cu.Mt.) 3.38 6400 2720

Micro Irrigation Works (Km) 2.20 2400 1

Provision of Irrigation facility on Land Owned by SC/ST (Hectare) 7.66 3800 2

Drought Proofing (Hectare) 2.72 3000 10

Flood Control and Protection (Km) 1.39 2000 20

Land Development (Hectare) 6.40 4300 20

Rural Connectivity (Km) 7.11 15400 10

Any Other activity 0.68 800 0

Works under NREGA in 3 years- FY 2006-07 to FY 2008-09

9

NREGA: Positive Trends • Increase in supplementary income of workers

of an average of Rs. 4032 per HH in 2008-09 • Bargaining power of labour increased to

enforce minimum wage • Distress migration has reduced in many parts• “Green Jobs” created as 70% works relate to

water conservation, water-harvesting, restoration, renovation and desilting of water bodies, drought-proofing, plantation & afforestation

• Productivity effects of NREGA reported - Improvement in ground water

- Improved agricultural productivity & cropping intensity - Livelihood diversification in rural areas. 1010

Inter-Sectoral Convergence of NREGA

• … enlarge the scope of works permitted under the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act presently limited to unskilled manual work. The opportunity for improving land productivity through NREGA will be maximized through better convergence of NREGA with other programmes. To ensure transparency and public accountability, independent monitoring and grievance redressal mechanisms will be set up at the district level …

President’s Address to Parliament – 4 June 2009

12

Improving Land and Water Productivity through NREGA

Expansion of private works to include Small & Marginal Farmers - Gram Panchayats to ensure that (as per permissible list) lands of SC / ST and BPL receive first and due priority – 60% lands of small & marginal farmers and 90% lands of

tribal farmers are unirrigated

– Priority to Farm Ponds or Dug-wells in Rainfed Areas

– Special focus will be on those who receive “pattas” under the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act 2006

13

Conditions for work on Individual Land

• Must be a Job Card holder• Maintain 60:40 ratio on farm• No use of machinery• No purchase of machinery• Payment through banks/Post Office

accounts• Subject to Social Audits• Must be approved by Gram Sabha as

part of Shelf of Projects14

Inter-Sectoral Convergence:Creation of Durable & Productive Assets

• Objective is to move from mere wage employment to sustainable rural livelihoods

• From unskilled to skilled labour, from manual labour to farmers

• Farming is a skilled and knowledge intensive exercise which requires knowledge & technology input, training & capacity building in productivity increases, water-use efficiency, sustainable agronomic practices, backward–forward linkages

• Significant productivity increases could be stimulated by NREGA on holdings of SC/ ST/ BPL/ small and marginal farmers in rainfed areas

15

16

Convergence with Ministry of Water Resources

Guidelines Issued

For Effective Water conservation and efficient Water use

• Artificial Recharge of Ground Water through Dug well• Repair, Renovation and Restoration of water bodies directly

linked to Agriculture/ Aquaculture • Accelerated Irrigation Benefits Programme • Flood Management Programme • Farmer’s Participation Action Research Programme• Command Area Development & Water Management Programme• Value Addition: The work of Canal plantation and Canal fair

weather road may be carried out under NREGA as value addition.

16

Convergence with Watershed ProgrammesGuidelines Issued

Project of a village to be prepared on Watershed approach

• Delineation of Watershed as per Common guidelines for Watershed

• Under NREGA, the size can be an area of the village matching micro watershed i.e. nearly 250 to 500 hectares.

• Gap Filling through NREGAa) Areas treated under Watershed Development

programme but not saturated because of insufficient cost norms.

b) Difficult areas, being treated under the watershed Development programme, where the revised cost norms is also not sufficient to saturate the area.

c) New areas; neither yet treated nor planned under watershed programme and where works are to be planned on watershed approach under NREGA.

17

Triggering Green Revolution in Rainfed Areas

• Green Revolution bypassed the rainfed areas. Agriculture

Development Programmes and NREGS convergence have potential to become

a life-support system in the rainfed areas

• Most NREGA works contribute directly or indirectly to

agricultural development

• Convergence of NREGS with Schemes of Ministry of

Agriculture can improve soil health & water

conservation which are vital for agriculture productivity

18

NREGA works support agricultural development through:

• Additional land under irrigation/ cultivation

• Improved soil fertility and moisture conservation

• Increase usage of inputs through increased household earnings

Potential for Convergence with agriculture and allied programmes:

• National Horticulture Mission, Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana

• National Food Security Mission,

• National Agriculture Innovation Project

• Inland Fisheries and Aquaculture Development

• Intensive Dairy Development Programme

Convergence with Ministry of AgricultureGuidelines issued with ICAR

19

NREGA in Drought Affected States

Drought Situation in 2009-10

246 districts in 10 States drought affected

1 Uttar Pradesh: 58 of 71 districts2 Bihar: 26 of 383 Maharashtra: 22 of 334 Jharkhand: All 245 Manipur: All 96 Assam: All 277 Himachal Pradesh: All 128 Nagaland: All 119 Karnataka: 20 of 2910 Madhya Pradesh: 37of 48

21

Performance of Drought Affected Districts under NREGA

FY 08-09 Upto J ul, 08

FY 09-10 upto J ul, 08

% age Change

FY 08-09 Upto J ul,

08

FY 09-10 upto J ul,

08% age

Change

FY 08-09 Upto J ul,

08

FY 09-10 upto J ul,

08% age

ChangeFY 08-09 Upto

J ul, 08FY 09-10 upto

J ul, 08% age

ChangeAssam (All 27 Districts) 755551 939754 24 214.77 201.49 -6 28 21 -25 24621.01 26183.77 6

Manipur (All 9 Districts) 176238 142978 -19 16.19 22.98 42 9 16 75 2342.71 3508.02 50

Nagaland (All 11 Districts) 281277 253437 -10 130.66 77.11 -41 46 30 -34 809.56 7629.08 842

Himachal Pradesh (All 12 Districts) 174848 206950 18 42.72 64.53 51 24 31 28 6430.98 11854.70 84

J harkhand (All 24 Districts) 772195 725921 -6 336.57 238.10 -29 44 33 -25 51092.26 39415.22 -23

Uttar Pradesh Total 1717341 2065157 20 495.33 829.53 67 29 40 39 76590.55 128324.42 68Uttar Pradesh (Drought Affected 58 Districts) 1326908 1526654 15 365.69 600.65 64 28 39 43 56163.19 91226.61 62

Bihar Total 1889663 1778851 -6 489.46 403.33 -18 26 23 -12 55615.30 56361.64 1Bihar (Drought Affected 26 Districts) 1113799 1135551 2 315.95 272.92 -14 28 24 -15 35156.06 38485.95 9

Maharashtra Total 311901 311963 0.02 170.51 176.25 3 55 56 3 14650.60 17483.70 19Maharashtra (Drought Affected 22 DIstricts) 209532 227662 9 134.91 121.01 -10 64 53 -17 12268.16 14169.64 15

Karnataka Total 173732 378938 118 38.72 135.80 251 22 36 61 4281.48 18359.80 329Karnataka (Drought Affected 20 DIstricts) 165925 312491 88 37.43 116.34 211 23 37 65 4138.50 16099.33 289

Madhya Pradesh Total 2370928 2001286 -16 939.83 833.08 -11 40 42 5 108823.20 119520.77 10Madhya Pradesh (Drought Affected 35 DIstricts) 3107002 2697544 -13 1262.08 1126.41 -11 41 42 3 150271.86 159755.90 6

NATIONAL TOTAL 25433688 25280940 -0.601 8717.6 8709.1 -0.097 34.276 34.449 0.5066 936357.38 1040949.7 11.17

Total Expenditure (I n Lakhs)

State

Employmant ProvidedPersondays Generated (I n

Lakhs) Average Persondays per HH

22

(Rs. I n Lakh)

StateTotal Available Funds

Total Expenditure

% of Expenditure against total Available Funds Balance Funds

Assam (All 27 Districts) 71058.17 26183.77 37 44874.40

Manipur (All 9 Districts) 19107.61 3508.02 18 15599.60

Nagaland (All 11 Districts) 13013.80 7629.08 59 5384.73

Himachal Pradesh (All 12 Districts) 25596.02 11854.70 46 13741.31

J harkhand (All 24 Districts) 137987.12 39415.22 29 98571.90

Uttar Pradesh Total 335280.81 128324.42 38 206956.39

Uttar Pradesh (Drought Affected 58 Districts) 255372.47 91226.61 36 164145.86

Bihar Total 132333.58 56361.64 43 75971.94Bihar (Drought Affected 26 Districts) 87036.79 38485.95 44 48550.84

Maharashtra Total 48393.39 17483.70 36 30909.69Maharashtra (Drought Affected 22 DIstricts) 32586.80 14169.64 43 18417.17

Karnataka Total 49953.15 18359.80 37 31593.35Karnataka (Drought Affected 20 DIstricts) 21352.54 16099.33 75 5253.20

Madhya pradesh Total 264701.69 159755.90 60 104945.79Madhya Pradesh (Drought Affected 35 DIstricts) 195753.02 119520.77 61 76232.25

NATIONAL TOTAL 2484778.98 1040949.68 42 1443829.30

Financial Performance of Drought Affected Districts under NREGA

23

Advisory to States

• Assessment of labour & works in areas of deficient rainfall

• GPs to be ready with Shelf of Projects • Shelf of Projects may be revised and submitted

to Ministry for additional budgetary support• Ensure adequate funds available in every GP• Special attention to water conservation &

harvesting, restoration & renovation of water bodies

• Monitoring of Drought Affected Districts• Drought Monitoring Group set up in MoRD to

meet every Tuesday at 9.30 a.m. 24

Thank You