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Conducting a Literature Search and Writing a Literature Review
Lisa Eblen, MLIS, AHIPResearch Symposium
Naval Hospital PensacolaSeptember 2011
Why does a CID Research Proposal require a literature search and review?
Define the background for the research project
Present evidence that the work is original
For animal research, demonstrate the requirement for using an animal model
Requirements for a Human Research Application
Literature Search “demonstrate your literature search for currently
published research that directly pertains to your proposal “ [background]
“This is intended to be a thoughtful search. “
Literature Review “The committee is interested in your interpretation of
the literature that you have reviewed. “
What is a Literature Search? a literature search is
“a systematic and thorough search of all types of published literature in order to identify as many items as possible that are relevant to a particular topic” Gash S Effective Literature Searching for Students, Gower Publishing LTD, 1989, p.1.
the literature search reveals gaps in existing knowledge identifies areas of consensus and debate identifies approaches to research design and
methodology identifies other researchers in the field clarifies future directions for research
Why is a Comprehensive Literature Search Important?
Sound research is based on a thorough literature search and literature review.
Steps in the Literature Search
Define the research question Read background material Conduct a literature search Review the results Read the relevant articles Evaluate the studies Conduct additional literature searches
Searching the LiteratureLooking at the Numbers
Over 6000 biomedical journals published
More than 300 searchable databases available from commercial vendors
National Library of Medicine anticipates indexing 723,000 articles in 2011
PubMed provides access to over 20 million citations in MEDLINE dating back to 1946
Where does Google fit in a literature search?
• Google http://www.google.com
• Rarely scholarly
• Poor substitute for library reference databases
• Unstable
• Google Scholar http://scholar.google.com
• searches peer-reviewed papers, books, theses, etc.
• leads to fee-based online full-text websites
Journal Searching ~ beyond Google
MEDLINE (complete MEDLINE indexes 6000 journals)
PubMed, Ovid Online Ovid Online (Medline, PsycInfo)
Evidence-Based Healthcare Database Cochrane Library (available at Ovid)
EBSCOhost CINAHL - The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature
Mediated Literature Searches over 200 databases through Health Sciences Library’s Reference Services
Getting Started ~Visit Telelibrary Toolkit on the Internet
http://www.med.navy.mil/sites/nmcp/Library/Pages/Telelibrary.aspx
PubMed’s LinkOut ~ Putting It Together
Search PubMed with links to fulltext articles
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?myncbishare=navy&holdings=ustelelib
Link to the Full-Text Resources from the Telelibrary Project MD Consult Ovid Online EBSCOhost
Look for this icon on the Abstract display
Links the Telelibrary’s Collection with PubMed
Confused or overwhelmed?
Ask a Librarian for
• expert literature search assistance
• document delivery service
• Instruction in literature searching
Additional Aspects to Consider
Medical or Nursing Research expand the search to specialized databases
Federal Research databases required by instruction: FEDRIP and more
Check with CID or your Library
Key Databases in Medicine
MEDLINE (PubMed or Ovid Online)
Web of Science Mediated access only
Biosis Mediated access only
Embase Mediated access only
PsycInfo (Ovid Online)
Key Databases in Nursing
CINAHL(Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature)EBSCOhost
MEDLINE (PubMed or Ovid Online)
Web of Science and Social ScienceMediated access only
ERIC - Education Resources Information Centereric.ed.gov
Dissertation AbstractsMediated access only
PsycInfo (Ovid Online)
Key Databases for Federal Research BRD
DoD Biomedical Research Databasehttp://www.dtic.mil/biosys/org/brd/
FEDRIP Federal Research in Progress
Mediated access only
DTIC Online access controlledTechnical Reports, Research in Progresshttps://www.dtic.mil
RePORTER Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tools http://projectreporter.nih.gov/
Remember Online full-text articles are limited Libraries are still the best source of full-text books
and journal articles Obtain in full-text the documents you need to read
for your research Thoroughly read all papers you plan to use in
your reference list
Read the Pertinent Literature
When is a Literature Search Done?
McLellan F, 1966 and all that-when is a literature search
done? Lancet. 2001 Aug 25;358(9282):646.
Requirements for a Literature Review for Research on Human Subjects
NMCP Human Research Application
Summary of the Search [Literature Review] “The committee is interested in your interpretation
of the literature that you have reviewed. “
What is a Literature Review?
Critique and summary of current knowledge about a research topic
Examination of studies already completed on the question
The literature review states What is known and what remains to be learned How the present study will contribute to existing
knowledge What methods have been identified to conduct
experiments or studies
Keeping up with new developments and managing citations and documents
Research projects take time. Plan periodic updates of your original bibliographic research to stay abreast of developments. RSS Feeds My NCBI
Document and update any Internet resources
Questions?
Searching is a skill, finding documents is often difficult, the best research is a done collaboratively
Don’t hesitate to seek assistance
Ask a Librarian – we are your resource library while your command is recruiting a librarian. Call 757-953-5384 Send a message to NMCP- [email protected]
Online Resources Available Worldwide Ovid – http://gateway.ovid.com IP access or Password
Your Journals@Ovid – Full text articles from 398 journals Books@Ovid – Full text books Medline ~ with Full Text PsycInfo ~ with Full Text Evidence Based Healthcare Databases ~ with Full Text
includes Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
EBSCO -- http://search.ebscohost.com IP access or Password CINAHL is an index to nursing and allied health literature linked to the full-text of over 600
journal titles. CINAHL complements the indexing of PubMed and is essential resource for nursing research.
Health Business Elite and Health Policy Reference Center index the literature of health care administration and are linked to the full-text of almost 400 journal titles. Health Business Elite is the only online source that provides the online full-text of Harvard Business Review.
LexiComp -- http://online.lexi.com IP access or Password Medical Dentistry Oral Surgery
Online Resources Available Worldwide cont. MD Consult http://www.mdconsult.com IP access or Password
Staf!Ref http://online.statref.com
These resources are available at Navy Medicine Online and soon via Athens.
JCAHO Comprehensive Accreditation Manual https://nmo.med.navy.mil/ Go to Tools, select Telelibrary from the dropdown menu, select the Search Library
Databases icon, select JCAHO Comprehensive Accreditation Manual from the table of contents.
New England Journal of Medicine https://nmo.med.navy.mil/ Go to Tools, select New England Journal of Medicine from the dropdown menu.
Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database https://nmo.med.navy.mil/ Go to Tools, select Telelibrary from the dropdown menu, select the Search Library
Databases icon, select Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database from the table of contents.
Interlibrary Loan and Document Delivery Requesting articles from a PubMed search use LoansomeDoc from
the National Library of Medicine http://docline.gov/loansome/login.cfm Go to Loansome Doc at https://docline.gov/loansome/login.cfm or
choose "Order" from the "Send to" box in PubMed. Sign up for a Loansome Doc account. To find our library,
choose Virginia from the drop-down menu and uncheck "Show only libraries that serve the general public." You will find us on the second page of Virginia libraries as "U S Naval Medical Center".
Click on "Contact" at the left. On the next screen enter the Authorization Code, VAUNRP and
mark "I am affiliated with this institution (e.g., Staff, Student ).“
Follow the next screens to complete the registration. Use your @med.navy.mil e-mail address to make it easier for us to identify you as an affiliated Navy health professional.
If you are already in PubMed, complete the steps to order the article(s). If you have registered for Loansome Doc separately from a specific order, you can place an order through PubMed or at the Loansome Doc at any time using your Loansome Doc login.
Most orders will be sent directly to you from the lending library. Library Services, Naval Medical Center Portsmouth will fill the requests we can from our collection, order the articles we do not have on interlibrary loan or direct you to access the article(s) online where they are available.
Articles from other resources Send complete citation(s) to [email protected]
Coming Soon Athens
is a single sign on portal that will allow Navy Medicine Health Professional s access to the full text resources provided Navy wide.
when Athens is released for use, there will be a self registration page that you will start with, once you confirm your sign up, you will go to https://auth.athensams.net/my/
Athens Homepage
Athens Resources Page
Coming in FY12
These tools will be available through the Athens portal in Fiscal Year 2012
A to Z list
Link Resolver
Federated Search
Questions?
Ask a Librarian – we are your resource library while your command is recruiting a librarian.
Call 757-953-5384
Send a message to