Upload
future-managers-pty-ltd
View
227
Download
1
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
7/29/2019 Computerised Financial Systems N6
1/13
|
N
SERIES
N6
C October
R Redelinghuys
W Roelofse
GG van der Westhuizen
Comput
erisedFinan
cialSystems
7/29/2019 Computerised Financial Systems N6
2/13
Computerised Financial Systems N6
ii
Future Managers 2012
All rights reserved. No part o this book may be reproduced in any orm, electronic, mechanical,photocopying, or otherwise, without prior permission o the copyright owner.
To copy any part o this publication, you may contact DALRO or inormation and copyright clearance.Any unauthorised copying could lead to civil liability and/or criminal sanctions.
Telephone: 086 12 DALRO (rom within South Arica); +27 (0)11 712-8000Teleax: +27 (0)11 403-9094Postal Address: P O Box 31627, Braamontein, 2017, South Aricawww.dalro.co.za
ISBN 978-1-920540-99-9
First Published 2012
FutureManagers
Published by
Future Managers (Pty) Ltd
PO Box 13194, Mowbray, 7705
Tel (021) 462 3572
Fax (021) 462 3681
E-mail: [email protected]
Website: www.futuremanagers.net
7/29/2019 Computerised Financial Systems N6
3/13
iii
Contents
Contents
Module 1 Financial statements on an accounting package (report writer) .................................................11. Report writer ...............................................................................................................................................................................................2
1.1 Heading..................................................................................................................................................................................................2
1.2 Columns ................................................................................................................................................................................................21.3 Report lines .........................................................................................................................................................................................31.4 Print a report .....................................................................................................................................................................................4
Module 2 Analysis and interpretation o fnancial statements............................................................................131. Formulae .......................................................................................................................................................................................................14
1.1 Gross proft percentage ...........................................................................................................................................................141.2 Net proft percentage ................................................................................................................................................................141.3 Rate o proftability on capital investment................................................................................................................141.4 Working capital ratio ................................................................................................................................................................141.5 Acid test ratio .................................................................................................................................................................................141.6 Stock turnover rate .....................................................................................................................................................................14
1.7 Average collection period o debtors ............................................................................................................................141.8 Debtors turnover rate...............................................................................................................................................................141.9 Average payment o creditors .............................................................................................................................................14
Module 3 Advanced document project on a computerised accounting package .................................23
Module 4 Advanced spreadsheet...................................................................................................................................................45
Module 5 Cost and management applications on a spreadsheet .......................................................................61
Module 6 Budgets on an accounting package ....................................................................................................................93
Module 7 Handling o budgets spreadsheet .................................................................................................................101
7/29/2019 Computerised Financial Systems N6
4/13
Computerised Financial Systems N6
iv
7/29/2019 Computerised Financial Systems N6
5/13
Module 1
Financial statements on an accounting
package (report writer)
After completing this module, you will be able to:
Createstatementsbysettingupparametersonthereportwriterofachosen
Accountingpackage(Pastel). Printthestatementsattheendofthenancialperiod.
7/29/2019 Computerised Financial Systems N6
6/13
Module 1
2
1. Report writer
Te report writer is used to create reports such as Financial Statements and Budgets according toyour own requirements. Te report oers you access to current and last year's values as well as lastyear, current year and next year budgets.
o create a report select View, General ledger, Report writer
Select Create a new report from scratch to create the report or the rst time.
Te report consists othree dierent sections:
Te HEADING. Here you enter the heading o your report.
Te COLUMNS. Here you speciy the number o columns as well as the type o columns you wantto use in the report. You also speciy the period range.
Te LINES. Here you speciy the inormation you want on each line o the report, includingunderline, blank lines.
1.1 Heading
Remember the ollowing:#E reers to the END DAE o the period#S reers to the SAR DAE o the periodEXAMPLE: INCOME STATEMENT FOR THE YEAR ENDING #E(I you want to print the income statement or March, the heading will read: INCOMESAEMEN FOR HE YEAR ENDING 31MARCH 20..)Make sure you select the correct report type:
Multiple columns. You speciy per line whether you expect the columns value to be a debit or acredit.
Debit/credit. Here you can use only 2 columns. Within each column, values can be printed in oneo two sub-columns. Debits print in the lef sub-column, and credits in the right e.g. a rial Balance.
User defned. Tis ormat allows a maximum o two columns per report. Within each column,values can be printed in one o two sub-columns. You speciy or each line whether to print in the
lef or right column (not necessarily debit or credit) e.g. an Income Statement.
1.2 Columns
Te amount columnOne o the most important parameters here is which set o gures (values) should be printed in thecolumns o the report.
Te report writer gives you access to all the general ledger accounts as well as budgets or thecurrent and the previous year (as well as next year's budgets).
7/29/2019 Computerised Financial Systems N6
7/13
Financial statements on an accounting package
3
Te values are as ollows: isyearactualvalues T Lastyearactualvalues L isyearbudgetvalues B Lastyearbudgetvalues Y Nextyearbudgetvalues F Columnvariance V
Te dierence between 2 columns Columnpercentage P
as a % o the column to the lef Skipcolumngivesablankcolumn S
Te type columnTis column behaves dierently, depending on the amount column selected.
Fixed period you speciy the actual numbers o the periods you want to include in the report.Pastel will use the values o this specic period regardless o the period in which the report is
printed. It is normally used or last years gures (e.g. rom period1 to 12 or rom 12 to 12).
Runtime period here you speciy periods relative to the current period. Pastels number or thecurrent period is always 0. E.g. i you want to print the last three months gures, enter 2 to 0.o print the gures or the year to the current period, enter 11 to 0.
I you use runtime periods, Pastel will not go back into the previous year. I you enter 11 e.g., butyou are currently in period 4, Pastel will use values rom period 1 (and will not go back into theprevious year).
1.3 Report lines
Here you indicate the inormation you want on each line o the report.
Formulae in a report
Here you indicate the specic amount you want in the report.
You can use the ormula assistant in the ormula column.
Financialcategory(FT): Reportwritercategory(CT):
Subtotal(TOT): Accountnumber(ACC): Othercommands
Here you print a list o accounts (main-, sub- or main- and sub-accounts) with the name o theaccount next to each amount.
You can insert or delete lines by using the insert line and delete line options.
RememberClickonSAVEattheendofthereport.
7/29/2019 Computerised Financial Systems N6
8/13
Module 1
4
1.4 Print a report
You have two options: ClickRUN or ClickBACK up to the Report Writer Assistant and select print one or more reports.
Select the report you want to print as well as the correct period.
You have a choice to print lines with zero amounts or not. [Print zero lines].
Exercise 1.1
1. Create a new set o accounts, CERI, on an accounting program on the computer.2. Insert the ollowing inormation under SEUP.
Company nameCERIS CURIO SHOP (also insert your own name)
Report Writer categories1 CAPIAL2 FIXED ASSES3 INVESTMENTS4 CURREN ASSES5 LONG ERM LIABILIIES6 CURREN LIABILIIES
Entry typesGeneral Journal (D)
Financial Period1 March (last year) to 28/29 February (this year)
You do not have to set up any other parameters.
Code General Ledger Accounts Balance5100 Capital R300 000.005200 Retained Income 48 360.005400 Drawings 37 478.006200/010 Vehicles:CostPrice 119342.006200/020 Vehicles:AccumulatedDepreciation 51342.006300/010 Equipment: Cost Price 179 670.006300/020 Equipment: Accumulated Depreciation 71 956.007100 Fixed Deposit: MY Bank (16%) 96 000.007700 rading Stock 89 856.008000 Customers Control 12 602.008400 Bank (D) 31 868.008410 Petty Cash 986.009000 Suppliers Control 19 270.009200 Loan: SA Bank (21%) 76 874.00
3. Create the general ledger accounts and enter the balances period 12 this year. Use the
General Ledger. Use JNL12 as reerence. Ensure that the journal balances and update to theledger.
7/29/2019 Computerised Financial Systems N6
9/13
Financial statements on an accounting package
5
4. Create a report to print the ollowing Balance Sheet.(View, General Ledger, Report Writer)
(You have to plan your report and know how the nal printout should look beore you start withthe report)
Te nal printout o the Balance Sheet should appear as ollows:
CERIS CURIO SHOPBALANCE SHEE FOR HE YEARENDING 28/02/this year
Note Current yearRand
ASSESNON-CURREN ASSES
Equipment,VehiclesOther Fin. Assets
12
175 714.0096 000.00
271 714.00
CURREN ASSES
Stockrade DebtorsCash and equivalents
345
89 856.0012 602.0032 854.00
135 312.00
OAL ASSES 407 026.00
EQUIY AND LIABILIIES
CAPIAL
NON-CURREN LIABILIIES
Interest bearing Loans
6
7 76 874.00
310 882.00
76 874.00
CURREN LIABILIIESrade Creditors 8 19 270.00
19 270.00
OAL EQUIY + LIABILIIES 407 026.00
Use the ollowing report ormat to create the Balance Sheet.
Report headings: BALANCE SHEE FOR HE YEARENDING #E
Index description: BALANCE SHEEOmit standard headings: NoReport ormat: User Dened (U)Rounding: No roundingNote reerence: Yes
7/29/2019 Computerised Financial Systems N6
10/13
Module 1
6
Report columns
Col Amount ype From o Heading 1 Heading 201 R -11 0 Current year Rand
(Tis year)
Report lines
Skip Print DC Sup-press
Description Formula Sub
otal
No
Sub
otal
Action
Note
1
111
1
11
11
111
212
111
111
11
RR
LLL
RLL
L
L
RRR
RRL
LR
LLRR
R
DDD
DD
DDDD
DD
DCC
CCC
C
CC
CCC
N
NNN
N
NN
NN
NNN
NNN
NNN
NNN
NN
ASSESNON-CURREN ASSES
Equipment,VehiclesOther Fin. Assets_SC
CURREN ASSESStockrade Debtors
Cash and equivalents
_XC
OAL ASSES_DCEQUIY AND LIABILIIES
CAPIALNON-CURREN LIABILIIESInterest bearing Loans
_SCCURREN LIABILIIES
rade Creditors_XCOAL EQUIY + LIABILIIES_DC
_DL
C02+C03C02
C03
C04ACC7700000ACC8000000ACC8400000+
ACC8410000
O1
C01
C05ACC9200000
C06
ACC9000000
O2
1
1
2
2
2
Add
Add
Add
Add
Add
1
2
345
6
7
8
5. Print the Balance Sheet on 28 February this year. Show zero lines yes.
7/29/2019 Computerised Financial Systems N6
11/13
Financial statements on an accounting package
7
Exercise 1.2
1. Create a new set o accounts, APHENI, on an accounting program on the computer.2. Set up the ollowing:
2.1 Company detail APHENIS SWEES (Insert your own name & surname)
2.2 Report writer categories 1 Income 5 Capital
2 Expenses 6 Current Assets3 Sales 7 Current Liabilities4 Cost o Sales 8 Fixed Assets
2.3 Entry ypes General Journal (D)
2.4 Financial periods
1 January to 31 DecemberAlso set up last year period 12
2.5 General Ledger Accounts Link each general ledger account to the correct report writer category
1000 Sales 3850 Insurance2000 Opening Stock 4200 Stationery2050 Stock Purchases 4300 Rent Paid2100 Closing Stock 4400 Wages2700 Discount Received 4600 elephone
2750 Interest Received 5100 Capital2800 Commission Received 5200 Retained Income2850 Rent Received 6300 Equipment3450 Depreciation 7700 rading Stock3650 Water and Electricity 8400 Bank
2.6 Use the ollowing ormat to set up the income statement o APHENIS with comparativegures. Use the report writer.
Report heading: INCOME SAEMEN FOR HE YEARENDING #E
Index description: INCOME SAEMEN
Omit standard headings: NoReport type: User dened (U)Rounding: No roundingNote reerence: No
Report columns
Col Amount ype From o Heading 1 Heading 201 Tis year R -11 0 Tis year Rand
()02 Last year F 1 12 Last year Rand
(L)
7/29/2019 Computerised Financial Systems N6
12/13
Module 1
8
Report lines
Skip Print DCSup-
pressDescription Formula
Sub
otal
No
Sub
otal
Action
11
111
111
111
111
111
11
RRL
LLL
LRR
RLR
RRL
RRR
R
C
DDD
DDC
CCC
CCC
DDD
CCC
N
NNN
NNNN
NNN
NNN
NNN
NN
urnover or the yearLess Cost o Sales
Opening StockAdd Stock Purchases__SC
Less Closing Stock__SC
GROSS PROFIAdd OHER INCOME
_SCGROSS INCOMELess EXPENSES
_SCNE PROFI FOR HE YEAR_DC
_DL
C03C04ACC2000000
ACC2050000
O2
ACC2100000
O1
C01CM01
O3C02CM02
O4
1
122
33
4
4
Add
AddAddAdd
AddAdd
Add
Add
3. Print the income statement FORMA.
4. Enter the closing balances or period 12 o the previous year and update to the general ledger.Use the general journal.
5. Enter the closing balances or period 12 this year. Remember that balances o Balance Sheetaccounts are carried over to the next year (thereore you have to enter the dierence).
Balances 31 Dec 31 DecCurrent year Last year
1000 Sales 278 200 262 3002700 Discount Received 920 6302750 Interest Received 2 400 1 3002800 Commission Received 12 900 22 1002850 Rent Received 24 000 18 0002000 Opening Stock 30 400 19 700
2050 Stock Purchases 120 600 99 7002100 Closing Stock 35 800 30 4003450 Depreciation 1 500 1 5003650 Water and Electricity 17 400 15 9003850 Insurance 6 000 6 0004200 Stationery 15 900 11 0004300 Rent Paid 18 000 12 0004400 Wages 72 000 60 0004600 elephone 9 400 12 7005100 Capital 280 370 275 3705200 Retained Income6300 Equipment 350 400 310 2007700 rading Stock 35 800 30 4008400 Bank 53 420 31 000
7/29/2019 Computerised Financial Systems N6
13/13
Financial statements on an accounting package
9
6. Print the general journal batch listing or period 12 this year.
7. Use the report writer to print the Income Statement or the year ending 31 December currentyear. Compare gures with the previous year.
Note
Please do not delete this exercise. You are going to use it again in Module 6.
Exercise 1.3
Use the ollowing inormation to create a new company with the name KARIEM on the PastelAccounting program.
DetailKARIEMS ANIQUES (Also insert your own name & surname)
REPOR WRIER CAEGORIES
01 INCOME 07 SOCK02 EXPENSES 08 CASH03 SALES 09 ACCOUNTSRECEIVABLE04 COS OF SALES 10 CAPIAL05 FIXED ASSES 11 LONG ERM LIABILIIES06 INVESTMENTS 12 ACCOUNTSPAYABLE
Financial period
1 March to 28 February this yearAlso set up period 12 or the previous year
Entry typesGeneral Journal (D)Stock Journal (D)