Components of Blood

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Erythrocytes(Red Blood Cells)

Anatomy-biconcave

Physiology-more surface area to carry oxygen

ErythrocytesAnatomy

-1/3 hemoglobin by volume

Physiology-protein pigment which results in red color of blood and helps transport oxygen

Erythrocytes

Anatomy-lack nuclei

--elastic and flexible

-formed in red bone marrow

Physiology-cannot reproduce

-can pass through narrow capillaries

-4,200,000 – 6,200,000 per mm3

ErythrocytesAnatomy

-live about 120 days

Physiology

-become less elastic and get damaged when passing through capillaries

-macrophages (especially in the liver) destroy injured or old rbc’s

The macrophage destroys the red blood cells that no longer have their biconcave shape. This person probably has malaria.

Erythrocytes under the microscope

Leucocytes(White Blood Cells)

Anatomy5 types1. neutrophil

Physiology

Phagocitize (engulf) small particles

Click on the picture to watch the video

LeukocytesAnatomy

2. Eosinophil

Physiologykills parasites and helps control inflammation and allergic reactions

Can you identify this parasite?

It’s called a pin worm and it is commonly found in your anus! They make you itch.

LeukocytesAnatomy

Basophil

Physiology

releases heparin (prevents blood clots)and histamine (during an allergy it causes runny nose and watery eyes)

LeukocytesAnatomy

Monocyte

Physiologyphagocytizes large particles

LeukocytesAnatomy

Lymphocyte

Physiologyprovides immunity

Leukocytes

Anatomyformed in red bone marrow

Physiology5,000-10,000 mm3

Thrombocytes(Platelets)

AnatomyCell fragment

lack a nuclei

live for 10 days

formed in red bone marrow

half the size of rbc

PhysiologyControls blood loss from broken blood vessels

130,000-360,000 mm3

Important fact

*Rbc’s, wbc’s and platelets make up 45% of the blood and are collectively known as the “formed elements”

erythrocyte (left), thrombocyte(center), and leukocyte (right)

Electron microscope image

Blood Plasma

Anatomy

92 % water

8% dissolved organic molecules

Physiology

transports nutrients, gases, and vitamins

regulates fluid and electrolyte balance

maintains favorable pH

Important fact

Plasma makes up 55% of the blood.

You are now ready to complete the introductory homework.