Upload
christopher-jaggasar
View
220
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
8/6/2019 Complete Project Jus Recommend Now
1/22
8/6/2019 Complete Project Jus Recommend Now
2/22
Literature review
Pollution
Pollution is the unclean state of the environment (land, atmosphere or water) resulting in physical,
chemical and biological changes that can seriously affect ecological systems. Pollution is mainly caused
by the improper disposal of waste into the environment. The various types of pollution that are included
in this research are ; Marine/Water pollution, Land base marine pollution, Land pollution, Agricultural
pollution, Industrial pollution and Urban pollution.
Marine pollution
This is the contribution by man of substances or energy into the marine environment resulting in
dangerous effects as harm to all various types of living resources, hazards to human health, hindrance to
marine activities including fishing and reduction of amenities. Increased economic developments and
growing demands of the increasing population contributes to our environmental destruction, especially
in the marine and coastal areas. The islands of Trinidad and Tobago are increasingly in demand by
tourists who visit various places in the Caribbean for their vacations. Trinidad, especially is an island
where tourists visit often to spend the best of leisure time and to do research on our culture. However,
if Trinidads environment becomes over populated via the land, sky and water, tourists can become sick
and therefore would be discouraged from visiting. This would be bad for Trinidads economy because
the level of foreign currency would be decreased and this is an unfavorable condition when it comes to
business. Water pollution can be damaging to the economy as it can be expensive to treat and prevent
contamination waste that does not break down quickly and accumulates in the earths waters and
eventually makes its way to the oceans. Water pollution can also affect the durability of farm goods
when absorbed into the roots and into the final product. If goods are spoilt too fast, the government or
private owners paying for export would have wasted the finance paid to acquire the goods. Even if we
are producing goods locally and they are infected and degraded by pollution, the buyers whom we are
exporting to would not want to trade with our country again because of the defects in our goods. The
business relationship could therefore be destroyed and we may not get another beneficial relationshipagain. We would have to keep our goods which would later on be spoilt if kept too long and the non-
purchase of these commodities would deny the chance of increasing the money supply of Trinidads
economy.
2
8/6/2019 Complete Project Jus Recommend Now
3/22
Factors to prevent water pollution
Water pollution can be prevented by using the following ; Biological filters, chemical additives and sandfilters. These simple methods cost a lot of money to maintain, but prevention is better than cleaning up
pollution that has already occurred.
Factors affecting costs
1) The location of pollution is important because this determines how much the clean up wouldcost.
2) The contamination size also needs to be considered because the larger the size is the higher thecost.
3) The type of pollutant may also have an effect on the clean up costs. Some pollutants are moredifficult to clean up than others and theyd be more expensive.
Land based marine pollution
Land base marine pollution arises from domestic, agricultural, industrial and municipal sources.
Domestic wastes are normally associated with residential areas and housing developments and include
raw sewage(containing bacteria) and solid wastes such as glass, plastic products, aluminum cans and
general household wastes.
3
8/6/2019 Complete Project Jus Recommend Now
4/22
Land pollution
Land pollution is the addition of undesirable material to the land that damages the terrestrial organismsand what reduces the use of the land by man for various activities which all contribute to the
development of the land and the people who live on it.
Land pollution affecting the market economy
Land pollution can affect the quality of the land soil for agriculture for farmers because when minerals
are washed and eroded, the richness of soil drops, decreasing the standard value for potential
cultivation of crops. When crops arent produced at specific periods, it gets scarce causing it hard for
farmers to earn their average returns, so therefore their costs to produce have gone up. Theyd have to
increase prices of final crops on the market. Consumers would now be negatively affected by these
inflated prices. Inflated prices can cause demand of less goods because other business whose resources
are market goods, would have to raise their selling price as well. Both buyers and sellers would suffer.
Agricultural pollution
This is where chemicals from fertilizers and pesticides are drawn from the agricultural crops and are
passed on to the main land and water ways. Chemicals find their way into soil and streams, causing the
water and soil to become contaminated. It was reported that in the Jamaica Star news paper in March
2005 that large amounts of gramazone (weed killer) were found in a section of the Rio Grande. Water
use by nearby communities had to seize for a while until tests approved that the water was safe for
human consumption again. Chemicals from pesticides and fertilizers used on farm crops seep into rivers
like the Rio Cobre and Hope river and eventually end up in the harbor. The garbage that has been
dumped in gullies is washed into the sea by heavy rains.
4
8/6/2019 Complete Project Jus Recommend Now
5/22
Urban pollution
Urban populations are the source of most domestic solid waste in the Caribbean. Disposal of this waste
is one of the greatest challenges today in the fight against environmental degradation. Large
populations and increased consumer demand are producing huge quantities of garbage and much of
this is being dumped in gullies and rivers and eventually along the coast. This occurs because official
landfill sites are ineffective in handling these huge quantities of waste, there isnt even enough sewage
treatment plants to deal with the waste products produced by the increased population in cities.
5
8/6/2019 Complete Project Jus Recommend Now
6/22
Findings
Pie Chart i llustrating individuals opinions on negative effects of pollution.
6
Isn't Enough
Treatment plants
40%
Decreases
development rate
30%
Affects
exported goods
20%
Discourages
Tourists
10%
Sales
8/6/2019 Complete Project Jus Recommend Now
7/22
Questionnaire
1) What is pollution?.
2) Which two areas in Trinidad are polluted the most?.
3) Do you think pollution decreases Trinidads economic development rate?Yes No
4) Do you think it is costly to repair after pollution damages?Yes No
5) Do you think it is more costly to prevent than repair?Yes No
6) Does pollution affect your quality of life?Yes No
7) Does pollution affect your disposable income?Yes No
8) Do you think pollution is becoming worse?Yes No
9) Do you think that pollution discourages tourists?Yes No
10)If tourists are discouraged, will it decrease the rate of foreign currency in Trinidad?Yes No
11)Do you think that there is enough water sewage treatment plants?Yes No
12)Do you think that pollution is as intense in other countries?Yes No
13)Do you think pollution affects our exported goods as well as the money to be earned for them?Yes No
14)Do you think pollution would decrease and the economy would become more developed?Yes No
15)Do you think that we, as a community have the power to decrease the rate of pollution?Yes No
If your answer is yes, explain how we can do so in the space provided below.
.......
7
8/6/2019 Complete Project Jus Recommend Now
8/22
Bar Chart illustrating decrease in agricultural
revenue annually
8
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
2000 2001 2002 2003
Decrease In Agricultural Revenue
8/6/2019 Complete Project Jus Recommend Now
9/22
Name: Christopher Jaggasar
Date:31/01/11
Class: 2U6
Subject: Caribbean Studies
Topic: Pollution
8/6/2019 Complete Project Jus Recommend Now
10/22
Table of Contents
Introduction page 1
Literature review page 2-5
Findings page 6-8
Interpretation of findings page 9-10
Discussion of Findings page 11
Data collection sources page 12
Acknowledgements page 13
Terms and Meanings page 14
Limitations page 15
Recommendations page 16
8/6/2019 Complete Project Jus Recommend Now
11/22
Interpretation Of Findings
The Pie Chart
The Pie Chart Illustrates percentages of how many individuals have a view of the various effects ofpollution on the economy.
The above pie chart is divided into various sectors. Yellow sector shows that only ten percent of the
individuals in relation to the questionnaire says that pollution discourages tourists. This may occur
because of the unclean environment and the appearance would discourage tourists visit. They would
also not want to get any viruses because of the pollution. The orange sector illustrates that twenty
percent of the individuals say that pollution affects exported goods. The agricultural goods could be
infected and goods could spoil before arrival in the next country . Therefore the transaction could be
terminated. So far, we can observe that the finance from tourists and exported goods can be denied to
us because of pollution and its dreadful effects. The red sector shows thirty percent and says that it
decreases the development rate in the economy because damaged infrastructure would need repairs
and this would cause a keep back of other projects that could have been invested in. The Blue sector
illustrates the largest portion and that forty percent says there isnt enough water treatment plants in
Trinidad. This was decided because there is still a lot of polluted waters that are used in our homes and
in rivers.
9
Isn't Enough
Treatment plants
40%
Decreases
development rate
30%
Affects
exported goods
20%
Discourages
Tourists
10%
Sales
8/6/2019 Complete Project Jus Recommend Now
12/22
The Bar Chart
The above Bar chart illustrates the decreases in agricultural revenue over the years from 2000 to
2003.Each bar represents a year and the percentage of revenue it collects for that year. Due to the
intensifying effects of pollution, the revenue earned on an average basis has decreased. This is caused
when agricultural crops are destroyed by pollution and the resources become scarce. The farmer would
have lost the earlier set of goods and he earned no revenue for them, making his life harder in the
economic world. Costs would be high and less returns are acquired so Hence the agricultural decrease ofrevenue.
10
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
2000 2001 2002 2003
Decrease In Agricultural Revenue
8/6/2019 Complete Project Jus Recommend Now
13/22
Discussion Of Findings
In the findings, we studied that some individuals interviewed using the questionnaire said that there
arent enough water sewage treatment plants. We analysed in the interpretation that the statement is
true. This is also proven in the Literature review under the subheading of Urban pollution. In urban
pollution , urban populations are the source of the most domestic solid waste in the Caribbean and
disposal of this is tough. A lot of garbage dumped and the water stays contaminated for a while because
there arent enough water treatment plants to treat the water to a standard where we can enjoy. The
sector of the pie chart that says it discourages tourists is stated in the literature review . The
environment when unclean and contaminated will discourage tourists(also said by Johanne John in the
Findings in Interviews conducted) from visiting Trinidad because of the fear of getting sick as well as for
their children. His stops foreign currency from entering into the economy as well. In the survey, their
was an answer give by an individual who said that pollution does not decrease the rate of economic
development because she says that we would continue to earn revenue from oil and natural gas.
However, in the Literature review, it was stated that pollution does decrease the rate of economic
development because when the government has to forgo projects which could have been invested in ,
to repair damages, their would be a pause in progress. This is not good especially for an economy that
wants to build a reputation and development of a high standard. This answer was not placed in the
piechart.
We studied and analysed a bar chart which illustrates the decreases in agricultural revenue over a
period of years. The barchart says that due to the harsh effects of pollution, the crops have been
destroyed and farmers havent earned any revenue for them. It shows as it continues, the average
revenue for agriculture drops. While in the Literature review, its almost the same explanation exceptthe literature review explains how the pollution of the crops occur when the pesticides and other
chemicals are absorbed into roots of crops and are passed on to the mainland and water ways. In the
literature review they also said that water use by nearby communities have been seized cause of
contamination and was tested after a while until water was safe for use again.
11
8/6/2019 Complete Project Jus Recommend Now
14/22
Data Collection Sources
The data collection sources were all essential in this study and
were beneficial to my success of acquiring substantial data. Iused resources like the internet, personal interviews and a
textbook. The internet was a factor because it allows me to
search and gather different pieces of data all at a very fast
pace and I was able to analyse and choose which is the best
for my study. Personal interviews were conducted so that I
would get information straight from the source and I would beable to compare it with what I acquired from the internet. A
textbook was also used so that I could get another type of
processed data to do more analysis and comparison. It also
provided me with additional data which was not illustrated on
the displayed web pages that I encountered.
12
8/6/2019 Complete Project Jus Recommend Now
15/22
8/6/2019 Complete Project Jus Recommend Now
16/22
Acknowledgements
I would like to give my best thanks to my internet sources which
provided me with a vast amount of information to complete my studies.
I also want to thank the Persons who provided data in the textbooks
and also those who took their precious time to allow me to interview
them about their opinions on this study.
13
8/6/2019 Complete Project Jus Recommend Now
17/22
8/6/2019 Complete Project Jus Recommend Now
18/22
8/6/2019 Complete Project Jus Recommend Now
19/22
8/6/2019 Complete Project Jus Recommend Now
20/22
Terms and meanings
Salmonella This is a bacteria which is most likely to cause foodpoisoning and infects humans.
Ecological- this relates to organisms and land.
Chemical additives- Chemicals which are added to bring about an effect
in a product pertaining to its field.
Municipal sources- These are sources pertaining to government.
Terrestrial- Pertaining to earth.
14
8/6/2019 Complete Project Jus Recommend Now
21/22
Limitations
These limitations were not of a great amount but they are as follows. One of thecharts were a bit difficult to achieve and then was time consuming to take some
of the data collected and to analyse it to be reconstructed into a diagram format.
Some of the statistics in relation to how various parts of the economy in Trinidad
are affected.
15
8/6/2019 Complete Project Jus Recommend Now
22/22
Recommendation
Pollution within the country is a factor which affects the economy of Trinidad very bad and
measures should be taken and carried out to stop this degrading factor. I recommend that the
government use its resources both local and abroad in terms of economic relationships that has
been established to create more substantial water sewage treatment plants to purify our water
to a much higher degree. There should be programmes established to educate young
individuals about the dread full effects of polluting the environment by littering, dumping trash
into the rivers and lakes and smoking etc. We should all work together as one to reconstruct a
better garbage free zone for us to live happily in.
16