Compilation Physics Testbanks

7/23/2019 Compilation Physics Testbanks

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1. Nuclear sizes are expressed in a unit namedAnswer: FermiExplanation: Fermi - A unit of length equal to 10-1 meter !one femtometer"#used innuclear ph$sics. %t is similar to the diameter of a proton.

&. 'ight from the star# Alpha (entauri# which is nearest to the earth afterthe sun# reaches

the earth inAnswer: ).& $ears

*. +he most common method of generating coherent radiation isAnswer: ,esonant (ait$

). +he incident angle is required to otain polarized light $ re/ection isnown as

Answer: rewster2s Angle

. +he slight rainow e3ect on the image of common lens is nown asAnswer: (hromatic Aerration

4. +he power of a lens is measured in terms of Answer: 5iopters

6. 'iquid near their oiling point or that aporize easil$ are said to eAnswer: 7olatile liquids

8. A graph of apour pressure against temperature

Answer: (ox chart

9. An instrument used to measure surface tension.Answer: 5u No$ torsion alance

10. +his occurs when susonic trael changes to supersonic traelAnswer: onic oom

11. It is the measurement of the pull of gravity on an object.

Answer: Weight

12.It is defined as the Weight (mass per unit of volume used as a measure of the

compactness of a substance.

Answer: !ensity



1".#he ratio of the density of any substance to the density of some other substance

ta$en as standard% water being the standard for li&uids andsolids% and hydrogen

or air being the standard for gases.

Answer: 'pecific ravity

1).Is a vector &uantity that is defined as the rate at which an object changes its

velocity.

Answer: Acceleration

1*.Is a vector &uantity that refers to the rate at which an object changes its position.

Answer: 7elocit$

14. A form of heat transfer from a warmer part of a sustance to acooler part as a result of molecular collisions# which cause the slower-moing molecules to moe faster.

Answer: conduction

16. A force that resists the relatie motion of two o;ects in contactcaused $ the irregularities of two surface sliding or rolling across eachother.

Answer: friction

18. A stretching force produced $ forces pulling outward on theends of an o;ect.

Answer: +ension

19. +he upward force exerted on a sumerged or partiall$sumerged o;ect.

Answer: uo$ant force

&0. +he e3ect of two intersecting waes resulting in a loss ofdisplacement in certain areas and an increase in displacement inothers.

Answer: %nterference

&1. %t inoles force and displacement and use to descriequantitatiel$ what is accomplished when a force moes an o;ectthrough a distance.



Answer : <or

&&. +he temperature at which a gas condenses and ecomes a liquidis called

Answer: condensation point

23. It is the quantity of motion arising from velocity and the quantity of matter conjointly.

Answer: Momentum

24. The technique used to measure the amount of energy radiated y an oject with a

tem!erature"sensitive recording equi!ment is called #####.

Answer: thermogra!hy

2$. It ha!!ens when an interference of two waves with slightly different frequenciescomined at a fi%ed !oint in s!ace.

Answer: &eats

2'. If two odies of different masses( initially at rest( are acted u!on y the same force for

the same time( then the oth odies acquire the same######.

Answer: Momentum

2). If y a!!lying a force( the sha!e of a ody is changed( then the corres!onding stress is

*nown as#######.

Answer: +hearing stress

2,. A !article is acted u!on y a force of constant magnitude which is always !er!endicular

to the velocity of the !article. The motion ta*es !lace in a !lane. It follows

that----#####.

Answer: its motion is circular

2. If a !article is moving in a circle( with a uniform s!eed( then its motion is######.

Answer: /eriodic

30. The rise of a liquid in a ca!illary tue does not de!end u!on#######.

Answer: Atmos!heric /ressure

31. ight year is a unit of

Answer: distance

*&. 'ight from the un reaches us in nearl$Answer: 8 min.



**. =a!=ascal" is the unit forAnswe,: pressure

*). A magnif$ing glass is what t$pe of lens>

Answer: (onex

*. ?etals expand when heated and do what when cooledAnswer: (ontract

*4. <ho is the @ule pace +elescope named after>Answer: Edwin @ule

*6. +he tunnel e3ect inoles the leaage of the particlesAnswer: -=articles

*8. +he deca$ constant of the end product of the radio-actie seriesisAnswer: zero

*9. Beiger Nuttal rule gies the range of Answer: -=articles

40. +im!le machine consisting of a rigid rod !ivoted at a fi%ed !oint called fulcrum.

Answer: ever

41. In the asence of an e%ternal force( the momentum of a system remains unchanged.

ence( the momentum efore an event involving only internal forces is equal to themomentum after the event.

Answer: aw of conservation of momentum

42. haracteristic of a structure that is ale to carry a realistic load without colla!sing or

deforming significantly.

Answer: staility

43. A ridge in which the roadway dec* is sus!ended from cales that !ass over two towers5

the cales are anchored in housings at either end of the ridge

Answer: +us!ension &ridge

44. Is a vector that measures the tendency of a force to rotate an oject aout some a%is.

Answer: Torque

4$. A directed line segment. As such( vectors have magnitude and direction. Many !hysical

quantities( for e%am!le( velocity( acceleration( and force( are vectors. 6ectors are widely

used in mathematical !hysics.



Answer: 6ector

4'. A !rinci!le stating that each !oint on a wave front may e considered as a new source of

disturance sending wavelets in forward direction. At any instant the new wave front is

the surface tangent to all wave length.

Answer: ugen7s /rinci!le

4). 8ne method of e%!ressing uncertainty is as a !ercent of the measured value.

Answer: /ercent uncertainty

4,. The study of ojects smaller than can e seen with a microsco!e.

Answer: 9uantum Mechanics

4. The study of ojects moving at s!eeds greater than aout 1 of the s!eed of light( or of

ojects eing affected y a strong gravitational field.

Answer: ;elativity

$0. A gigantic e%!losion that threw out matter a few illion years ago.

Answer: &ig &ang

$1. A ty!e of <IM/s having masses aout 10=10 of an electron mass.

Answer: A%ions

$2. The energy transfer !rocess most closely associated with a tem!erature difference.

Answer: Thermal onduction

$3. 8ne that occurs at constant !ressure.

Answer: I+8&A;I !rocess

$4. A !rocess that no energy is transferred y heat etween the system and its sorroundings.

Answer: Adiaatic

$$. An image of the !attern formed y varying radiation levels.

Answer: Thermogram

$'. It is a statement at which solid and liquid of the same material coe%ist in !haseequilirium at atmos!heric !ressure.

Answer: >ormal Melting /oint

$). It refers to the relative change in dimensions or sha!e of a ody which is sujected to

stress

Answer: +train



8. <hat is the stud$ of /uids at rest>

Answer: @$dostatics

9. <hat is the simplest t$pe of pressure gauge>

Answer: open tue manometer

40. %t states that the laws of ph$sics are the same in eer$ inertialframe of reference

Answer: =rinciple of relatiit$

41. %t is a transfer of heat from one place to another $ the actualmotion of the hot material

Answer: (onection

'2. tem!erature at which a liquid and its va!or e%ist in !hase equilirium at atmos!heric

!ressure

Answer: >ormal &oiling /oint

'3. <ho introduced the conce!t of lines of force?

Answer: Michael @araday

'4. The quantity of heat !er unit mass that must e su!!lied to a material at its melting !oint

to convert it com!letely to a gas at the same tem!erature is called?

Answer: eat of va!oriation

'$. ################# states that any additional !ressure in a fluid is !assed on uniformly

throughout the fluid.

Answer: /ascal7s /rinci!le

''. ################ states that the !ressure in a moving fluid decreases when the s!eed

increases and vice versa.

Answer: &ernoulli7s /rinci!le

'). <hat is the !rocess of using the waves reflected from an oject to determine its location?

Answer: Bcholocation

',. <hat law states that equal and o!!osite forces of attraction act etween every !air of

ojects? It also states that the sie of each force is !ro!ortional to the masses of the

ojects and inversely !ro!ortional to the square of the distance etween their centers.

Answer: aw of universal Cravitation



'. #########descries the !rocess wherey individual wavelengths or colors com!rising a

eam of light are se!arated u!on !assing across the oundary etween two trans!arent

media.

Answer: Dis!ersion

)0. A horiontal metal wire is carrying an electrice current from the north to the south. Esinga uniform magnetic field( it is to e !revented from falling under gravity. The direction of

this magnetic field should e towards the #########.

Answer: Bast

61. An imaginar$ force that seems to e directed outward as a resultof rotation.

Answer: entrifugal force

6&. Force exerted $ o;ects that can e formed or stretched# suchas a owstring or a spring.

Answe;: Blastic force

6*. (hange in the detected frequenc$ of a wae ecause ofmoement $ either the source or the oserer.

Answer: Do!!ler Bffect

6). @ow fast an o;ect is moing at a particular instant.Answer: %nstantaneous speed

6. +he energ$ of an o;ect related to its motion-one half of themass multiplied $ the square of the speed.

Answer: inetic energ$

)'. A measure of the momentum of a ody in rotational motion aout its centre of mass.

Technically( the angular momentum of a ody is equal to the mass of the ody multi!lied

y the cross !roduct of the !osition vector of the !article with its velocity vector.

Answer: Angular Momentum

)). The aility in quantum theory of an oject( such as an atom or su"atomic !article( to e

in more than one quantum state at the same time.

Answer: +u!er!osition

),. The welding together of two light nuclei to ma*e a heavier nucleus( resulting in the

lieration of nuclear energy

Answer: >uclear @usion

). The natural tendency of ojects to resist changes in their state of motion. Therefore( a

ody at rest tends to stay at rest and( once set in motion( a ody tends to stay moving at a

constant s!eed in a straight line unless acted on y an outside force.



Answer: Inertia

,0. The idea that the fundamental constants of !hysics and chemistry are just right to allow

the universe and life as we *now it to e%ist( and indeed that the universe is only as it is

ecause we are here to oserve it

Answer: Anthro!ic /rinci!le

,1. ;adiocaron dating technique is used to estimate the age of

Answer: @ossil

,2. &om is ased on the !rinci!le of

Answer: >uclear @ission

,3. A !rimary alcohol on o%idation gives on

Answer: Aldehyde

,4. Transfer of heat y molecular collision is

Answer: onduction

,$. The heating element in an electric stove is made of

Answer: >ichrome

,'. Cra!hite( diamond( and uc*minsterfullrene are different forms of the element

Answer: aron

,). The molecule is the asic unit of all

Answer: om!ounds

,,. The air e%erts a force on a !erson standing in a strong wind. This force is one e%am!le of

Answer: Finetic @riction

,. Any change in which there is no gain or loss of heat. ANS. Adiabatic Change

0. @orce of attraction etween two unli*e materials. ANS. Adhesion

1. The tem!erature at which a !hase change of liquid to gas ta*es !lace through oiling. It

is the same tem!erature as the condensation !oint. ANS. Boiling Point

2. haracteristic amount of energy asored or released y a sustance during a change in

its !hysical state that occurs without changing its tem!erature. ANS. Latent Heat

9*.+he induced current alwa$s /ows in such a direction that it opposes thecause producing it.ANS. Lenz’s Law

4. +cattering of light y an uneven surface. Ans. Diffusion

$. The change in !osition of an oject( or the direct distance and direction it moves. Ans.

Displacement



96. A push or pull that tends to change the motion of an o;ect or preentan o;ect from changing motion. Ans. Force

). The +.I. unit of luminous intensity defined as the luminous intensity in a given direction

of a source that emits monochromatic !hotons of frequency $40 % 1012 G has a

radiant intensity in that direction of 1H',3 <Hsr

ANSWER Candela

!. The radial force required to *ee! an oject moving in a circular !ath5 it is equal to mv2Hr.

ANSWER Cent"ipetal fo"ce

2. The ratio of the relative dis!lacements of one !lane to its distance from the fi%ed !lane.

ANSWER Shea" st"ain

3. It occurs when there is relative slidingJ motion at the interface of the surfaces in contact.

ANSWER Sliding #"iction o" $inetic #"iction

4. It states that K/lanets move in elli!tical orits with the +un at one of the focal !ointsL

ANSWER $eple"%s fi"st la& 'la& of o"bits(

. +he international standards of mass equal to 1g or1000grams# refers to a c$l8inders of what element>

Answer: !latinum iridium

'. The sie of the largest atom is in the order of #####.

Answer: >anometers

). A !article moves in a straight line with retardation !ro!ortional to its dis!lacement. Its

loss of *inetic energy for any dis!lacement % is !ro!ortional to?

Answer: X 2

,. The moment of inertia of semicircular disc of mass M and radius ; aout a line

!er!andicular to the !lane of the disc and !assing through its centre is

Answer: M R

2

2

. A !article is acted u!on y a force of constant magnitude which is always !er!endicular

to the velocity of the !article( the motion of the !article ta*es !lace in a !lane. It follows

that

Answer: Finetic energy is constant



10. The !resence of charge on a sustance can e confirmed y a.

Answer: Cold leaf electrosco!e

11. KThe wor* done y the net force on a !article equals the change in the !article7s *inetic

energy.L This statement is *nown as #########.

A>+<B;: <or*"energy theorem

12. <hat is the coefficient of restitution for a !erfectly inelastic collision?

A>+<B;: 0

13. A device that transmits force or torque is called

A>+<B;: Machine

14. The ratio of a s!eed of an oject and the s!eed of sound is called th

A>+<B;: Mach numer

1$. The net charge of an isolated system remains constant. This !rinci!le is *nown as

A>+<B;: onservation of charge

1'. The vertical dis!lacements of the two !ulses are in the same direction( and the am!litude

of the comined waveform is greater than that of either !ulse. This situation is call

A>+<B;: onstructive interference

1). The ear senses !ulsations in loudness is *nown as what

A>+<B;: eats

1,. The net energy transferred from one oject to another ecause of a tem!erature

difference.

A>+<B;: heat

1. +ome irefringent crystals( such as tourmaline( e%hiit the interesting !ro!erty of

asoring one of the !olaried com!onents more than the other. This !ro!erty is called

A>+<B;: Dichroism

&0. Natural radioactiit$ was discoered $

Answer:@enri ecquerel&1. <hen a particle moes in a circle with constant

speed# the motion is called CCCCCC Answer: Dniform (ircular ?otion

&&. A force that alwa$s pushes or pulls the o;ectstoward the equilirium position



Answer: ,estoring force)*. +ource intensity !er unit !rojected area of emitting surface.

Answer: luminance

24. /henomenon due to atmos!heric refraction.

Answer: mirage

2$. The adjustment of the eye for seeing at different distances.

Answer: accommodation

2'. The inaility of the eye to clearly see distant ojects.

Answer: myo!ia

)+. An instrument that uses interference in the measurement of light wavelengths.

Answer: Michelson Interferometer

2,. &eing without a su!!ort force( as in free fall. /aul C ewitt( /hysics @undamentalsJ

Answer WE,-HLESS

2. Distortions in the formation of !erfect images( which are inherent( to some degree( in all

o!tical systems.

Answern ABERRA,/NS

30. Mutual action etween ojects where each oject e%erts an equal and o!!osite force on

the other. /aul C ewitt( /hysics @undamentalsJ

Answer:,NERAC,/N

31. Motion under the influence of the !ull of gravity only. /aul C ewitt( /hysics

@undamentalsJ

Answer: #REE #ALL

32. The net result of a comination of two or more vectors. /aul C ewitt( /hysics

@undamentalsJ

Answer:RES0LAN

33. Motion of ojects given initial velocity that then move only under force of gravity.

Answer:PR/1EC,LES

34. Interval etween two frequencies with a ratio of two to one.

Answer: /CA2E

3$. Enit of luminous flu%



Answer: L03EN

3'. /article that interacts with other !articles only y the electrowea* and gravitational

interactions.

Answer:LEP/N

3). Material that does not transmit light.

Answer: /PA40E

3,. It is a material that have ero resistance to the conduction of electricity.

Answer: +u!erconductor

3. ;eflection from any rough surface is *nown as ##############.

Answer: Diffuse reflection

40. An oject moving with constant velocity is said to e:

Answer: Dynamic Bquilirium

41. It is the most familiar form of electromagnetic waves( may e defined as the !art of the

s!ectrum that is detected y the human eye.

Answer: 6isile ight

42. It is a device that gives an oservale res!onse when it is charged:

Answer: Blectrosco!e

43. +ound waves in air are:

Answer: longitudinal

44. <hat *ind of function is an acceleration function descriing one"dimensional motion?

Answer: +calar valued @unction

4$. The force that ends the straight !ath of the oject into circular !ath is *nown as:

Answer: entri!etal @orce

4'. u% is the +I unit of

Answer: I>TB>+ITN 8@ IEMI>ATI8>

4). Magnetism at the centre of a ar magnet is

Answer: OB;8

4,. 8n a rainy day( small oil films on water show rilliant colours. This is due to

Answer: I>TB;@B;B>B



4. 8f the following natural !henomena( tell which one *nown in +ans*rit as PdeerPs thirstP?

Answer: MI;ACB

$0. +ound travels at the fastest s!eed in

Answer: +TBB$1. It is a synonym of ca!acitor

A>+<B;: ondenser

$2. >amed due to their resemlance to swirling eddies of current in air or in the ra!ids of a

river.

A>+<B;: BDDN E;;B>T+

$3. e formulated the law that governs motion of ojects in free fall.

A>+<B;: Calileo Calilei

$4. Mutual force of attraction etween any two ojects in the universe.

A>+<B;: Cravitational @orce

$$. ;adiocaron is !roduced in the atmos!here as a result of

A>+<B;: collision etween fast neutrons and nitrogen nuclei !resent in the atmos!here

$'. It is easier to roll a stone u! a slo!ing road than to lift it vertical u!wards ecause

A>+<B;: wor* done in rolling a stone is less than in lifting it

$). ight travels at the fastest s!eed in

A>+<B;: 6acuum

$,. 8n a cold day when a room tem!erature is 1$o( the metallic ca! of a !en ecomes much

colder than its !lastic ody( though oth are at the same tem!erature of 1$o( ecause

A>+<B;: metals are good conductor of heat



PR/BLE3 S/L2,N-

1. Acroat KArtL of mass KmL stands on the left end of a seesaw. Acroat K&artL of massKML jum!s from a height KhL onto the seesaw( thus !ro!elling Art into the Air.

aJ >eglecting inefficiencies( show that Art reaches a height of MHmJ%h

J If Art7s mass is 40*g( &art7s mass is )0*g and the height of the initial jum! was 4m( show

that Art rises a vertical distance of )m.

+olution:

aJ /B&A;T Q /BArt Q Mgh&A;T Q MghA;T Q hA;T Q MHm % h

J hA;T Q )0H40 % 4 Q )m

2. Determine the centri!etal force acting u!on a 40"*g child who ma*es 10 revolutions

around the liff hanger in 2.3 seconds. The radius of the arrel is 2.0 meters.

+olution:

6 Q 2R;HT Q '.22 mHs

A Q v2 H ; Q Q '.22 mHsJ2 H 2.0 mJ Q 13.3 mHs2

@net Q 40*gJ13.3mHs2J Q $33>



*. Find the @eat gien out per unit area in 1 hour $ a furnace whose

temperature is &000>Assume G .6 H 10-8 < m-& -).

olution

Energ$ radiated per second per unit area G +)I E G +) t + G &000 #t G *400sE G .6 H 10-8 H !&000") H *400E G 0.** H1010 J.

Ans. 0.** H1010 J.

). A loc of ice at &6* is put in thermal contact with a container ofsteam at *6* # conerting &.0g of ice to water at &6* whilecondensing some of the stream to water at *6* . a."Find the changein entrop$ of the ice. ." Find the change in entrop$ of the stream.

Solution:

Kice G m'f G !0.0& g"!*.** L 10 J" G 8.** L 10* J

a."MiceGQ

ice

T ice G8.33 X 10

3J

273 K

G *0. J

."MstreamGQ stream

T stream G

−8.33 X 103

J

373 K



G -&&.* J

Answer: a." *0. J ." -&&.* J

. A hot plate is used to transfer )00 cal of heat to a eaer containing

ice and water. 00 J of wor are also done on the contents of theeaer $ stirring. a." what is the increase in internal energ$ of the ice-water mixture> ." how much ice melts in this process>

Solution:

a." KG !)00 cal"!).19Jcal"G1480J

MDG K O <G1480 J O !-00J"

MD G &180 J

." MDGm'f

mG ΔU

L f

G2180 J

335 J / g

MDG 4. g

Answer: a." &180 J ." 4. g

4. A straight wire with a length of 1 cm carries a current of ) A. the wireis oriented perpendicularl$ to a magnetic Peld with a magnitude of0.+. what is the size of the magnetic force exerted on wire>

Q'D+%QN:

F G %l

G !) A" !0.1 m" !0# +"

F G 0.* N



7.Red light with a wavelength of 60 nm strikes a double slit with a spacing of 0.5 mm. if

the interference pattern is observed on the screen located 1 m from the double slit, how

far from the center of the screen is the second bright line from the central (zeroth) broght

line?

SOLUTION:

y =2 λx

d

=2 (6.3 x10

−7m ) (1m)

(5 x 10−4

m)

y = 2.5 mm

8. A power plant can tae adantage of the temperature di3erenceetween warm water on the surface of the ocean and the cooler waterfound at greater depths. A t$pical surface temperature in the tropics is&R(# and deep water can e R(. <hat is the (annot eScienc$ for aheat engine with this temperature di3erence>

SOLUTION:

T H =25 ˚ C =298 K

T c=5˚ C =278 K

e=?

e=T H −T C

T H

e=298 K −278 K

298 K



e=0.067(6.7 )

9. <hat would e the plate area of an air-Plled 1.0 farad parallel-platecapacitor if the plate separation were 1.0 mm

AN<E,: 1.1 x 108 m&

Q'D+%QN:

A GCd

ɛ G

(1.0 F )(1 x 10−3

m)

8.85 x10−12 C

2

N . m2

G 1.1 x 108 m&







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Compilation Physics Testbanks