COMPETITION AS NATURAL DRIVER OF NUCLEAR KNOW-HOW …ners2015.jmm.cz/archiv/03_NERS2015_Janik_EN.pdf · Westinghouse VVER-1000 Fuel Development Temelin South Ukraine VVER 9-Grid Design

Westinghouse Non-Proprietary Class 3 © 2014 Westinghouse Electric Company LLC. All Rights Reserved.

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Pavel Janík Managing Director CR

& VVER Global Coordinator

November 2015

COMPETITION AS NATURAL DRIVER OF

NUCLEAR KNOW-HOW DEVELOPMENT

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Westinghouse Electric Company

• Founded in 1886 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, by George Westinghouse

• Responsible for some of the world’s most important achievements:

– Alternating current technology

– First commercial radio broadcast (KDKA-1920)

– USS Nautilus nuclear submarine

– First camera on the moon

– Commercial nuclear power

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Strategically Positioned to Develop and Support the

Worldwide Fleet

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Westinghouse in Europe

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New Plants &

Major Projects Delivers both new-plant

projects and major

projects for new and

operating plants on a

global basis

Decommissioning,

Decontamination &

Remediation Deploys global technologies

and forms local partnerships to

carry out long-term projects

Nuclear Fuel &

Manufacturing Designs and delivers fuel

for PWR, BWR, VVER and

AGR reactors, and

oversees manufacturing

operations worldwide

Global competence and experience

4 product lines supported by Engineering Center of Excellence

Operating Plants

Business Delivers operating plant

products and services,

including global field

services, instrumentation and

control, welding and

machining, and installation-

related functions

Engineering Center of Excellence Supports all product lines by driving common engineering cap


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CASE UKRAINE:

NUCLEAR FUEL DIVERSIFICATION PROGRAM

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Ukraine - overview

Ukraine’s electricity production is heavily dependent upon nuclear energy. The country’s total electricity production in 2014 amounted to 168,284.00 GWh (net)

Source: NAEK Energoatom, IAEA PRIS Database, World Nuclear Association

50% of which was generated from the 15 nuclear power plants - which produced 83,122.77GWh (net) in 2014.

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Ukraine Nuclear Fuel Qualification Project (UNFQP)

Background 1/2

• The Ukraine Nuclear Fuel Qualification Project (UNFQP) was made a part of the International Nuclear Safety Program (INSP) in 1998.

• The INSP began in 1992 after post-Chornobyl reviews of Soviet-designed nuclear power plants revealed areas needing safety improvements.

Source: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

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Background 2/2

• INSP established projects to reduce risks and to improve operational safety by:

• Facilitating the use of simulators in training • Implementing improvements to safety systems • Transferring capability to conduct in-depth plant safety

assessments • Transferring commercial nuclear technology


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INSP Implementation

U.S. Dpt. of State

U.S. Agency for

Intnl. Development

Program

Integration

Policy &

Guidance

Program

Implementation

U.S. Nuclear

Regulatory

Commission

U.S. Department of

Energy

Office of Nuclear Energy

Interfacing

Organizations:

G7

EBRD

IAEA

Other DOE

programs

Participating

Countries: • Armenia

• Bulgaria

• Czech Republic

• Hungary

• Kazakhstan

• Lithuania

• Slovakia

• Russia

• Ukraine

Integration Lead for Technical and Administrative Support : Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Host-Country Organizations and Nuclear Power Plants

U.S. Industrial Organizations

Argonne National Laboratory

Brookhaven National Laboratory

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory


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Goals

To develop the infrastructure for a competitive nuclear fuel market in Ukraine, with the specific goal of achieving diversity in its nuclear fuel source.

• Infrastructure - Establish an organization in Ukraine capable of receiving and applying fuel and core design analysis and methodologies.

• Diversity - Qualify alternate nuclear fuel supplier by operating fuel assemblies of non-Russian origin in Ukraine's nuclear power plants.


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Process

• Selection of a Ukraine host organization

• Technology transfer and training

• Lead test assemblies (LTAs)

• One reload batch of fuel (WFA)

Process:

The UNFQP selected Westinghouse Electric Co.

(WEC) to transfer technology and expertise


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Technology infrastructure 1/2

• UNFQP Established and staffed the host organization - Center for Reactor Core Design (CRCD/ЦПАЗ) in Kharkiv

• Three main technical groups

– Nuclear Fuel Design – Reactor Core Design – Nuclear Safety and Licensing


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Technology infrastructure 2/2

• Implemented an ISO-9001 certified Quality Management System at CRCD

• CRCD to play a key role in the Ukraine´s licensing efforts


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Technology Transfer and Training

Performance and design codes were transferred, including office equipment and computers

Training and on-the-job work experience in the United

States (2000-2005)

Training of Ukrainian design engineers in fuel

design, core analysis, and safety codes; fuel fabrication and testing; quality assurance; licensing; nuclear fuel cycle optimization. Performed primarily by Westinghouse.

Participated in the design of a new VVER-1000 fuel assembly



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WESTINGHOUSE:

LONG TERM HISTORY IN PROVIDING

SOLUTIONS FOR VVER TECHNOLOGY

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Westinghouse Non-Proprietary Class 3 © 2015 Westinghouse Electric Sweden AB. All Rights Reserved.

Westinghouse VVER-1000 Fuel Development

Temelin South Ukraine VVER 9-Grid Design VVER 16-Grid Design

Original VVANTAGE 6

Modified VVANTAGE 6

Phase 0 Phase 1X LTA WFA RWFA

2000 2005 2006 2007 2005 2009 2015-

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Westinghouse VVER-1000 Fuel Development

• The original VVER-1000 fuel assembly design in the first core of Temelín had issues with bowing resulting in incomplete rod insertion (IRI).

• The design was gradually modified over a couple of years and the bow/IRI problem was completely removed with the Phase 1X design.

• The Temelín experience as well as Westinghouse experience from other PWR fuel designs were then used in the design of the first Lead Test Assemblies and the Westinghouse Fuel Assembly (WFA) design for South Ukraine NPP.

• Modifications of the WFA design were developed based on the loading issues at South Ukraine NPP in 2012 resulting in the Robust Westinghouse Fuel Assembly (RWFA) design currently delivered to Ukraine.

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2012 fuel loading issues at South Ukraine 3

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VVER-1000 RWFA Design

• Temelín Performance Improvements

• ZIRLO® Fuel Rod Cladding and Guide Tubes

• Improved corrosion resistance

• Double bulged Top and Mid grids

• Increase skeleton stiffness and mitigate FA bow

• Long end plug

• to assure that any debris at bottom grid not cause fuel rod

failure

• Ukraine Improvements to Mitigate Resident FA Bow

• Strengthening the Mid Grids

• Eliminate undesirable nozzle to nozzle interaction

• Using loading sequences avoiding boxing positions

• Use of loading aids such as Fuel Assembly dummies

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Fuel Assembly-to-Fuel Assembly Interface Test

• The RWFA design was verified by

extensive fuel assembly to fuel

assembly handing tests

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Core Loading

Step 125

Step 195

• 42 fuel assemblies of the RWFA design were successfully inserted in South Ukraine 3 in March 2015.

The different colors represents

fresh, once, twice and three

times burned fuel assemblies,

respectively.

• By using an optimized core loading sequence and with the help of smooth sided dummies in tight positions the required loading forces were significantly reduced.

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Operating Performance 1/3

• 174 Westinghouse fuel assemblies have been irradiated at South Ukraine NPP.

• Westinghouse VVER-1000 fuel at South Ukraine NPP have met all operational and regulatory requirements since 2005.

• This has been proven by comprehensive annual inspection campaigns conducted jointly by Energoatom and Westinghouse experts.

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• All Fuel Rods of Westinghouse fuel are leak tight.

• Fuel Assembly Elongation, Fuel Rod irradiation Growth and Bow, Spacer Grids and Fuel Rod cladding corrosion are well within the design limits.

• RCCA Drop Times are well within values for normal operation.

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• A Fuel Inspection and Repair Equipment was installed at SU3 in 2012.

• Safe mixed-core operations have been demonstrated through the LTA program and reload batch operation.

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Westinghouse Nuclear Fuel Products

VVER AGR BWR NFI BWR W-PWR CE-PWR

German

PWR NFI PWR

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• A funding of the Technology Agency of the CR

• Westinghouse Electric Czech Republic + CTU + Institute of Physics of the Academy of Science of the CR

• Goal of the project: reduction of unwanted chemical reactions on surface of the zirconium alloys in nuclear reactors by protective layer of polycrystalline diamond

• WEC financial contribution: over 3 000 000 CZK

• Time: 2014 – 2016

Research: protection of zirconium alloys

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Nuclear Fuel Supply Chain

Mining

Conversion to UF6

Enrichment

Fuel Assemblies Fabrication

VVER reactors operated in EU are fully dependent on fuel assemblies delivered

from the sole supplier

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Industry trend: Diversification Traditional approach to secure fuel supply

‘Security’ results from

maintaining more than one

supply option.

Examples: Sweden, Vattenfall , Eskom in South Africa, Iberdrola in Spain, EdF in France… etc.

Diversification – strategy where you do not rely on one sole source/producer – globally it is common industry

practice implemented in order to secure long-term stable supply of nuclear fuel

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VVER Market – Status of nuclear fuel diversification

UNITED

KINGDOM

NORWAY

SWEDEN

FINLAND

ESTONIA

LATVIA

LITHUANIA

POLAND

BELARUS

GERMANY

CZECH

REPUBLIC

BELGIUM

FRANCE

SPAIN

SWITZ.

AUSTRIA

SLOVAKIA

HUNGARY

ROMANIA

BULGARIA

ITALY

UKRAINE

TURKEY

ČEZ (Temelín) is

considering

introducing of

Westinghouse LTA

program

Westinghouse is

long-term stable fuel

supply partner for

Energoatom in

Ukraine

Westinghouse

represents viable

alternative for fueling

of Bulgarian VVER

reactors

Westinghouse

participates in

VVER fuel

Euroatom program

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Thank you for attention. Questions…?

Documents

COMPETITION AS NATURAL DRIVER OF NUCLEAR KNOW-HOW …ners2015.jmm.cz/archiv/03_NERS2015_Janik_EN.pdf · Westinghouse VVER-1000 Fuel Development Temelin South Ukraine VVER 9-Grid Design