Compellent Storage Center 4.5 User Guide

Storage Center™ 4.5

System Manager

User Guide

Compellent Technologies7625 Smetana LaneEden Prairie, Minnesota 55344

© 2008 Compellent Technologies. All rights reserved.

Storage Center 4.5 System Manager User Guide680-019-005

DisclaimersInformation in this document is subject to change without notice.

Trademarks and CopyrightTrademarks used in this text are property of Compellent Technologies or their respective owners.

Revision Date DescriptionA 2/13/09 Initial Release

Compellent Technologies 3

Contents

PrefacePurpose 11Related Publications 11Contacting Copilot Services 11Submitting Comments 11

1 IntroductionWhat is New in this Release 14

Solid State Drives (SSD) 14Introducing the Storage Center System Manager 15Starting the Storage Center System Manager 16

Possible Messages on System Manager Setup 16Viewing the System Explorer 17Navigation 18

Storage Management Menu 18System Tree 18Shortcut Menu 19Selecting Multiple Components 20View Menu 21

Viewing Scheduled Events 22

2 VolumesIntroduction 24Creating a Volume 25

Next Action 27Replay Profiles 28Managing Volumes 30

Viewing Storage 30Mapping a Volume to a Server 30Creating and Mapping Volumes in One Step 32Removing Mapping from a Volume 32Deleting a Volume 33Restoring a Deleted Volume 33Expanding a Volume 34Erasing Data 34Moving a Volume to a Folder 34

4 Storage Center 4.5 System Manager User Guide

Contents

Changing Volume Properties 35Managing Volume Folders 38

Creating a Volume Folder 38Viewing a List of Volume Folders 39Viewing Volume Folder Properties 39Deleting a Volume Folder 40

Copy, Mirror, and Migrate 41Copying a Volume 41Mirroring a Volume 41Migrating a Volume 42Viewing Copy/Mirror/Migrate Events 43

Viewing Volume Information 45General Volume Information 46Mapping 48Copy/Mirror/Migrate 49Replication 49Replays 50Replay Calendar 50Volume Statistics 50Volume Charts 51Volume Distribution Reports 52Viewing Multiple Volumes 53

Topology Explorer 57Creating a Volume in the Topology Explorer 61Creating a Volume Folder in the Topology Explorer 61Mapping a Volume to a Server in the Topology Explorer 61Creating an External Device with the Topology Explorer 61

Creating a Boot from SAN Volume 62Viewing the Recycle Bin 62

3 ServersIntroduction 64Managing Servers 65

Creating a Server 65Creating a Server Folder 66Adding a Server to a Folder 67Deleting a Server 67Mapping Volumes to a Server 68Removing Mappings from a Server 68Adding HBAs to a Server 69Removing HBAs from a Server 69Changing Server Name or IP Address 70Viewing Server Folders 70Moving Servers to a Different Folder 70Creating a Volume for a Server 71

Topology View 73Creating a New Server with the Topology Explorer 73Creating a New Server Folder with the Topology Explorer 73

Viewing Server Information 74General Server Information 74Viewing Server HBAs 75


Contents

Shortcut Commands in the Server HBAs Window 76Viewing Server Connectivity in System Explorer 78Viewing a Server Connectivity Report 80Viewing Server Mapping 81Viewing Server Volumes 82Viewing Server Charts 83

4 DisksIntroduction 86Data Progression 87

Changing the Data Progression Schedule 87Managing Disks 88

Alerting When One Path is Available 89Moving Managed Disk 90Releasing Disks 90Deleting Disks 91Showing Placement of a Disk in an Enclosure 91

Adding Disks to a Storage Center System 92Managing Unassigned Disks 93Adding Unassigned Disks to a Folder 94

Rebalancing RAID Devices 95Viewing RAID Devices 95Scheduling RAID Rebalancing 96Rebalance Now 97

Managing Disks Folders 98Viewing an Assigned Disk Folder 98Disk Folder Properties 99Creating a Disk Folder 99Deleting a Disk Folder 101

Non-Standard Storage Types 102Redundancy 102Datapage Size 102Modifying a Storage Type 103Removing a Storage Type 103

5 Managing Controller ComponentsIntroduction 106Viewing Controller Status 107

Fans 107Power Supplies 107Temperature Sensors 107Voltage 107Cache Card 108Viewing General Controller Information 109Viewing Specific Controller Information 110General Tab 110CPU Performance 111Controller Back 112Controller Fans 112Viewing Controller Properties 113IP Properties 114


Contents

Viewing Fibre Channel Connections 115FC Folders 115FC IO Card Information 116FC IO Card Connectivity Status 116FC IO Card Hardware Status 117FC IO Card Charts 117FC IO Card Properties 118Changing User Alias 118Resetting User Alias to Default 119

Viewing iSCSI Connections 120Viewing iSCSI Card Folders 120Viewing iSCSI Card Information 120Advanced iSCSI Card Information 121Viewing Advanced Remote Connection Properties 121Viewing iSCSI Connectivity 122Viewing iSCSI Card Hardware Status 123Viewing iSCSI Charts 124iSCSI Card Properties 124Enabling Jumbo Frames 125Enabling VLAN Tagging 125Changing Advanced iSCSI Card Properties 126

Managing Remote iSCSI Connections 128Creating a Remote iSCSI Connection 128Viewing Remote Compellent iSCSI Connections 129Deleting Remote Compellent Connections 130Viewing Remote Compellent Connection Properties 130Changing a Remote iSCSI Name 131Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) 131

Rebalancing Local Ports 134

6 System ManagementHow Storage Center Manages Storage 136Viewing Storage Status 136

Available Storage Summary 137Storage Consumption Trends 139Data Progression Pressure Reports 140Volume Distribution Reports 142

Responding to the Alert Monitor 144Alert Category 145Alert Status 145Alert Type 146Acknowledging Alerts 146Deleting Alerts 146Finding More Information 146Space Warnings 146

Adding Space 148Adding Disks 148Deleting Unused Volumes 148Emptying the Recycle Bin 148Expiring Replays 148Enterprise Manager 148


Contents

Phoning Home 149Phone Home Now 149Phone Home Now Schedule 150Configure Phone Home Proxy (Optional) 150

Setting Up a Storage Center System 151Submitting a License 151Configuring Time 152Configuring iSNS Server 153Configuring Syslog Server 154Configuring JRE URL 155Configuring Local Ports 156Adding an iSCSI Remote Compellent Connection 157

Managing Dual Controllers 158Preparing to Join Another System 158Cancelling the Prepare to Join Another System Command 160Adding a Controller to System 160Rebalancing Local Ports 162Configuring System Access 162Configuring the SNMP Server 163Configuring a Secure Console 163Generating a New SSL Certificate 163Resetting the License Acceptance 164

Viewing System Properties 165General System Properties 165Selecting Storage RAID 166Setting System Cache 167Setting Default Disk Spares 168Permitting Dual-Fault Domains 169Configuring SMTP 170

Finding Unmanaged Hardware 172Classifying a Disk as External Device: 172Managing Unassigned Disks 174Creating a Server 174Checking for Unmanaged Hardware at Startup 174

Viewing the System Log 174Viewing Background Processes 175Shutting Down or Restarting 176Upgrading Storage Center Software 176Licensed Applications 177

7 Managing Enclosure ComponentsIntroduction 180Viewing All Enclosures 181Viewing an Individual Enclosure 182

General Display 182Physical Display 183Identifying Enclosures and Disks 184Renaming an Enclosure 184Removing an Enclosure 185Viewing Back End Loops 185Viewing a Single Loop 187


Contents

Viewing Enclosure Component Status 189Disks 189Power Supplies 191IO Modules 192Cooling Fan Sensors 193Temperature Sensors 194Audible Alarms 195Universal Power Supply (UPS) 195

Racks 196Creating a Rack 196Adding or Removing Racked Items 200Rack Properties 200Removing a Rack from System Display 200

8 Users and GroupsIntroduction 202User Privilege Levels 203

Administrative User 203Volume Managers 203Reporters 203

Viewing Users 204Creating a User 206Deleting a User 207

Changing User Properties 208General User Properties 208Contacts 209Changing User Views 210Changing User Password 211

Configuring User Volume Defaults 212My User Volume Defaults 212Other User Volume Defaults 212New User Volume Defaults 212Advanced User Volume Defaults 214Replay Volume Defaults 215Mapping Volume Defaults 216

Changing User Privileges 217Downgrading User Privileges 217Upgrading User Privileges 217

Managing User Groups 218Creating a User Group 219Modifying User Group 221Deleting a User Group 223Adding a User to a User Group 223Removing a User from a User Group 223

9 Data Instant ReplayIntroduction 226Viewing Replay Profiles 227Creating a Replay Profile 230

Once 232Daily 233


Contents

Weekly 234Monthly 235Configuring Replay Profile Volume Defaults 237

Modifying a Replay Profile 238Adding Rules to a Replay Profile 238Modifying a Rule 239Removing a Rule from a Replay Profile 239Renaming a Replay Profile 239

Deleting a Replay Profile 240Applying Replay Profiles to Volumes 241

Viewing Volumes Attached to a Replay Profile 242Managing Replays 244

Viewing Replays Attached to a Volume 244Viewing Replay Information 245Deleting a Replay 245Expiring a Replay 246Pausing Replays across the System 246Resuming Paused Replays 246Cleaning Up Orphaned Replay Histories 247Viewing Replay History 247Setting the Replay Display 248Viewing Volume Replay Calendar 253Creating an Immediate Replay 254

Managing View Volumes 255Creating a View Volume 255Deleting a View Volume 257

Upgrading Replays from Previous Replay Templates 258

10 Remote Instant ReplayIntroduction 260Understanding Synchronous and Asynchronous 261

Synchronous Replication 261Asynchronous Replication 261Asynchronous Replication and Data Instant Replay 261

Establishing Physical Connectivity 263Viewing Server Connectivity 263Creating a Server on the Remote Connection system 263Allow Replications to/from Remote Systems 264Disallowing Replications Between Compellent Systems 264

Creating Quality of Service (QoS) Definitions 265Viewing QoS Definitions 270Changing Replication Properties 276

Changing Replicated Volume Folder 277Changing Source Volume Properties 277Changing QoS Definition Properties 278Changing Advanced QoS Properties 279

Creating Replications 280Creating a Simulated Replication 280Creating a Mirrored Replication 283Creating a Copy Replication 284

Viewing Replications 285


Contents

Managing View Volumes 287Creating a View Volume 287Deleting a View Volume 287Viewing a List of View Volumes 287

Estimating Bandwidth 289Viewing Replication Info 290

11 Charting ViewerIntroduction 294Downloading and Installing Charting Viewer 295

Charting Viewer Requirements 295Charting Viewer Installation Process 295

Using Charting Viewer 297Starting Charting Viewer 297Using Charting Viewer Controls 298Setting Charting Viewer Properties 299

Viewing Storage Center Charts 300Viewing the System Chart 300Viewing Volume Charts 300Viewing Server Charts 300Viewing Disk Charts 301Viewing Controller and Local Ports Charts 301

Saving a Chart as a PNG Image 302Printing a Chart 303Zooming In and Out 304

A Storage ProfilesOverview 306Changing User Volume Defaults 307Storage Profiles Created by the System 308

Recommended 309High Priority 310Medium Priority 311Low Priority 312

Creating Custom Storage Profiles 313Creating a Volume Using Storage Profiles 313Applying Profiles to Existing Volumes 316Viewing Volumes Configured with a Storage Profile 317

Managing Storage Profiles 318Modify a User-Created Profile 319Delete a User-Created Storage Profile 319Apply a Profile to Volumes 319Changing the Storage Profile Used by a Volume 320Volume Properties 321Volume General Tab 322Viewing Volume Statistics 323

Manual Storage Mode 324Creating a Storage Profile in Manual Mode 325Viewing a Storage Profile Created in Manual Mode 326Changing RAID Stripe Width in Manual Mode 327


Contents

B Configuring JavaIntroduction 330Viewing Version 331Increasing JRE Memory 332

C Solid State DrivesOverview 336

Introduction 336Requirements 336Supported Devices 336Storage Center Features 337

Installation and Setup 338Installing the Hardware 338Configuring Storage Profiles 338Disabling Write Cache 339Enabling 4 Gbit Operation 339Replays 339

340

D HBA SettingsIntroduction 342Settings by HBA Vendor 342

Emulex Card Settings 342Qlogic Card Settings 342Cambex Card Settings 342

Settings by Operating System 343AIX Settings 343Solaris Settings 343HP-UX Settings 343SLES Settings 344RHEL Settings 344Netware Settings 345Windows Settings 345VMWare Settings 346Tru64 Settings 346OpenVMS Settings 346

Glossary 347

Index 361


Contents


Preface

PurposeThe Storage Center System Manager User Guide describes the Storage Center System Manager software that manages an individual Storage Center system.

Related PublicationsCompellent Storage Center documentation consists of the following publications:

• Storage Center 4.2 Feature Summary (680-021-004) Describes the Storage Center 4.2 feature enhancements and user interfaces changes to assist site implementation of this release.

• Storage Center 4.2 System Setup Guide (680-022-004) Provides instructions for installing and setting up Storage Center System Manager.

• Storage Center 4.2 System Connectivity (680-027-004) Describes cabling for single and dynamic controllers, as well as cabling for multipathing.

• Storage Center 4.2 System Upgrade Guide (680-025-004) Provides instructions for upgrading from previous versions of Storage Center.

Contacting Copilot ServicesIf you need assistance, contact Copilot Services by phone or email:

[email protected]

866-EZSTORE (866.397.8673)

For general information on Compellent products, visit our website (www.compellent.com).

For downloads and technical tips, log on to our Knowledge Center

(http://knowledgecenter.compellent.com).

Submitting CommentsCompellent Technologies uses customer input to improve our products and documentation. If you have comments or suggestions, email Compellent Technical Communications at the following address: [email protected].

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.compellent.com

http://knowledgecenter.compellent.com

mailto:[email protected]



1 Introduction

What is New in this Release 14

Introducing the Storage Center System Manager 15

Starting the Storage Center System Manager 16

Viewing the System Explorer 17

Navigation 18

View Menu 21

Viewing Scheduled Events 22


What is New in this Release

Solid State Drives (SSD)Storage Center 4.5 supports SSDs of 73 GB and 146 GB. Applications that benefit from an SSD are those that require extremely fast transaction times, such as database indexes, batch processing, financial modeling, and mission-critical transaction processing.

Compellent’s ability to virtualize storage through Thin Provisioning results in many volumes on fewer SSDs, while presenting a much larger single volume to the server. Automated Tiered Storage via Data Progression automatically moves non-active data out of higher performance SSDs down to less-costly tiers of storage. With Dynamic Block Architecture, Storage Center uses and allocates data at a much smaller page size than other storage systems, allowing for a more efficient use of an SSD.

For more information, refer to Appendix C on page 335.


Introducing the Storage Center System Manager

Introducing the Storage Center System ManagerThe Storage Center System Manager:

• Provides a central management interface to create and manage Storage Center volumes, servers, disks, and users.

• Displays the status of hardware components.

• Enables local and remote backup and restore.

• Provides Phone Home technical support.

• Allows for multiple users to have Administrative privileges and levels of access privileges for users within a system, controlling who has access to different functionality.

In addition to the System Manager, Storage Center provides a rich set of separately-licensed applications that support dynamic storage. For more information about additional features and functionality of the Compellent Storage Center, go to compellent.com. To view currently licensed applications, from the Help menu, select Licensed Features.


Starting the Storage Center System ManagerAccess Storage Center System Manager from a workstation or PC on the same network as the Storage Center controller. View the Storage Center System Manager through one of these browsers:

• Windows Internet Explorer, Versions 6, 7, or 8

• Mozilla Firefox Versions 2 and 3.

To start Storage Center System Manager:

1. In the address bar of the web browser, enter the name or IP address of the Management controller. (This was configured during setup.) A security alert appears.

2. Click Yes to acknowledge the alert. The Storage Center System Manager login window appears.

3. In the User ID field, enter the default ID:

Admin

4. Enter the default password:

mmm

5. Click Login. Two more security alerts appear. Click OK to continue.

Note To change a user ID or password, refer to General User Properties on page 208.

Possible Messages on System Manager Setup

Unbalanced Local Ports

If a controller has been added or taken offline, ports can become unbalanced. The Startup wizard warns you if local ports are unbalanced. Click Yes to balance local ports. For more information, refer to Viewing Specific Controller Information on page 110. To bypass this window in the future, clear the option to check for unbalanced local ports at startup.

Unmanaged Hardware

If the System Manager finds unmanaged hardware, such as disks or server host bus adaptors (HBAs), it asks if you want to manage them. For more information on managing unassigned disks, refer to Adding Unassigned Disks to a Folder on page 94. For more information on HBAs, refer to Creating a Server on page 65.

Volume Configuration Mismatch

If you are upgrading from a Storage Center version prior to 4.1, the System Manager may prompt you to convert existing volumes to use the new volume storage configuration. For more information, refer to the Storage Center 4.5 System Upgrade Guide.


Viewing the System Explorer

Viewing the System ExplorerWhen the user name and password are recognized, the System Manager opens the System Explorer window. The System Explorer window is the main Storage Center System Manager window; there are other management windows described in View Menu on page 21. The left frame of the System Explorer displays the System Explorer Tree.

Figure 1. Explorer View

• System Tree: Displays logical and physical components. Refer to page 18

• Shortcut menu: Displays commands specific to a selected component. A shortcut menu appears when you right-click a component. See Shortcut Menu on page 19.

• Storage Management menu: Displays additional commands. See Storage Management Menu on page 18.

• View menu: Displays different views of the system. See View Menu on page 21.

• Licensed features displays hardware and software that are licensed for your system. If an application is not licensed for your system, some options may not appear.

• Alert Monitor: Displays component status. Click the System Status button to view additional information including the system log. See Responding to the Alert Monitor on page 144.

Advisor Pages: Most windows, include advisor pages with additional information about commands and information displayed in the window. To open an advisor page, click on the Advisor button.

System tree

Shortcut menu

Storage Management menu View menuLicensed features

Alert Monitor


Navigation

Storage Management MenuTo view System Manager commands, click the Storage Management menu, directly below the title bar.

Figure 2. Storage Management Menu

In Figure 2, the Volume menu is expanded to show commands and submenus.

System TreeExpand component folders in the system tree to view component status.

Figure 3. System Tree


Navigation

Shortcut MenuRight-click an item in the System Explorer Tree to view a shortcut menu for that item. Commands in the shortcut menu also appear at the top of the System Explorer window.

Figure 4. Shortcut Menu

If there is not enough room to display all the menu items at the top of the System Explorer window, click the down arrow to view all commands.


Selecting Multiple ComponentsTo perform one command on multiple similar components:

1. In the System Explorer tree, select a component folder, such as Volumes or Assigned Disks.

2. In the main window, using the Shift or Ctrl key, select multiple objects. The shortcut menu above the main window displays commands available to multiple objects. For example, clicking on the Volumes folder icon and selecting volumes in the main window allows you to delete multiple volumes at once or move all volumes to a new folder.

Figure 5. Selecting Multiple Components


Navigation

View MenuClick View to open the View menu that presents other system information.

Figure 6. View Menu

The View menu provides multiple ways to configure a system or view system properties. Options are specific to each individual view. To display the view menu, click the View menu at the top of the Storage Center window. Once a View window is open, the tab for that view appears at the top of the window.

Figure 7. Open View Tabs

If a tab is displayed, click a tab to display the view window. View windows remain open during a Storage Management session. Close a view window and tab by clicking on the X in the right corner of the tab. If more tabs are available than can be displayed, click the scroll arrows at the far right of the tabs to scroll through the open tabs. Selecting a view that is already opened displays the window; it does not open a second window.

Set Update Frequency, Find, and Scroll Setting appear at the top of most views.

Scroll bars to view more windows


Viewing Scheduled EventsTo view Scheduled Events, from the View menu, choose Scheduled Events. The Scheduled Events window appears.

Figure 8. Scheduled Events

Use the Scheduled Events view to monitor and manage events. Scheduled Events include • Replays• Phone Home schedules• Data Progression runs• Software updates from Compellent

Click on a column heading to rearrange the list of events.

Note You cannot delete a scheduled Phone Home.


2 Volumes

Introduction 24

Creating a Volume 25

Replay Profiles 28

Managing Volumes 30

Managing Volume Folders 38

Copy, Mirror, and Migrate 41

Viewing Volume Information 45

Topology Explorer 57

Creating a Boot from SAN Volume 62

Viewing the Recycle Bin 62


IntroductionThis chapter describes creating and managing volumes. A volume is logical storage repository. Volumes can be created only from an assigned folder of managed disks.

A volume is a logical storage repository. You can allocate more logical space to a volume than is physically available on the Storage Center. It is crucial that you monitor system alerts. (Refer to Responding to the Alert Monitor on page 144.)

Because user access to a volume is controlled by user groups and associated volume folders and volumes, group volumes into folders based on how you want to control user access. You can then create a corresponding user group and grant access to that volume folder or volume. (Refer to Users and Groups on page 201.)


Creating a Volume

Creating a Volume

Note Create volume options are configured through the Configure Volume Defaults window. If some Create Volume options do not appear, defaults were configured to disallow these choices. For more information about User Volume Defaults, refer to Configuring User Volume Defaults on page 212.

To create a volume:

1. From the Storage Management window, select Create > Volume. The Create Volume wizard asks you to enter a volume size.

Figure 9. Create Volume Window

1. Enter a volume size in GB, TB, or PB. The maximum size of a volume is 10 PB.

Note If your User Volume Defaults allow you to modify cache settings or Storage Profiles, an Advanced button appears.

• For more information about Cache settings, refer to Volume Cache Properties on page 36.

• For more information about Storage Profiles, refer to Storage Profiles on page 305.

2. Click Continue.


If Data Instant Replay is licensed for your system, the Replay Profile window appears.

Figure 10. Select Replay Profile

3. Select an existing Replay Profile, or click Create a New Replay Profile. For more information about Replays and creating Replay profiles, refer to Data Instant Replay on page 225.

4. Click Continue. The Name volume window appears.

5. Select a folder in which to create the volume or create a new folder. Refer to Creating a Volume Folder on page 38.

6. Enter a volume name or accept the default.

7. Click Continue. The system displays the attributes of the volume.

Figure 11. Volume Attributes

8. Review the attributes. The attributes depend on the options available to you when creating volumes. Click Create Now. The volume is created.


Creating a Volume

The Next Action window appears.

Figure 12. Next Action Window

Next ActionSelect an action:

• Map this Volume to a Server: Refer to Mapping a Volume to a Server on page 30.

• Map a different Volume to a Server: A list of volumes appears. Refer to Mapping a Volume to a Server on page 30.

• Create Volume: The Create Volume wizard appears. Refer to Creating a Volume on page 25.

• Create Server: Refer to Creating a Server on page 65.

• Close: Exits the Create Volume wizard.


Replay ProfilesReplays create space-efficient point-in-time copies (PITC) to provide instantaneous recovery from data loss. Compellent Replays differ from the traditional PITCs because blocks of data or pages are frozen and not copied. No user data is moved, making the process efficient in both time taken to complete the Replay and space used by Replays. Two default Replay Profiles are part of every Storage Center system. For information on creating Replays, refer to Data Instant Replay on page 225.

To view a list of Replay profiles on a system, expand the Replay Profiles folder. A list of Replay profiles appears.

Figure 13. Replay Profiles List

The list includes the name, the type, and by whom the Profile was created.

Note In general, Replay Profiles are created by a user, such as Admin or your user name. Two exceptions are Replay Profiles created by the System, and Replay Profiles created by the System Root User. Replay Profiles created by the System are the two default Replay Profiles that are shipped with every system. Replay Profiles created by the System Root User are former Replay Templates updated to current Replay Profiles. Unlike Replay Templates, a change to a Replay Profile affects all the Replays of all volumes attached to that Profile. For example, if you change the expiration time of a Replay Profile from one week to two weeks, all unexpired Replays on all volumes attached to that Profile will now expire in two weeks, rather than one.


Replay Profiles

To view general information about a Replay Profile, select a Replay Profile in the System Tree. Click the General tab.

Figure 14. Replay Profile

Replay Profile General information includes:

• Name

• Index (number used by Copilots to assist with component identification)

• Type

• Schedule

• Dates Created and Updated and by whom


Managing Volumes

Viewing StorageIn the System Explorer tree, click Storage. The Storage window appears.

Figure 15. Storage Window

Note Replays and Replay Profiles appear if a system is licensed for Data Instant Replay. Replication information appears if a system is licensed for Synchronous Remote Instant Replay or Asynchronous Remote Instant Replay. To view the applications for which your system is licensed, refer to the main window, shown in Figure 1 on page 17.

Mapping a Volume to a ServerMapping enables a server or server port to connect to a volume. To map a volume to a server:

1. In the Next Action window, select Map Volume to Server or, from the Storage Management menu, choose Volume > Map Volume to Server. The Select Server to Map window appears. To create a server, refer to Creating a Server on page 65.


Managing Volumes

2. Select a server.

3. Click Continue. The Mapping window appears. (Volumes cannot be mapped to ports from more than one Fault Domain.) The System Manager selects a port.

Note With dual-controllers, the system automatically balances volume-mapping between controllers.

Figure 16. Map Volume to Server

4. Click Continue. The Map to Server Port window appears.

Figure 17. Map to Server Port

5. Select or clear Create Read Only Mapping.

6. Enter a LUN number or accept the default.

7. Click Create Now. The volume is mapped.


Creating and Mapping Volumes in One StepThere is a one-step procedure to quickly create volumes and map them to a server. This process assumes that servers have already been created for this system (as described in Creating a Server on page 65) and you have Admin privileges.

1. In the System Explorer Tree, expand Servers to view individual servers.

2. Right-click a server.

3. From the shortcut menu, select Create Volumes. The Create Volumes window appears with a proposed default volume name based on the name of the server. The remaining settings for the proposed volume are taken from your volume defaults, as described in Configuring User Volume Defaults on page 212.

4. Clicking Add Volume continues to add more volumes to the list of volumes to be created.

• If Copy the selected volume when adding a volume is selected, the added volume uses the same settings as the selected volume.

• If Use My Volume defaults when adding a volume is selected, the added volume uses your volume defaults.

Remove Selected Volume removes a selected volume from the list of volumes to be created.

5. To change attributes, click Modify Selected Volume. The modification window appears. You can:

a. Enter a different name, size, or unit. b. Change the folder to include the option of creating a new volume folder.c. Click Replay Profile in the Change Replay window to display Replay rules.d. Change Cache setting to include the option of turning system-wide cache settings

from Off to On.

6. When volume options are set, click Apply Changes. The Create Volumes window reappears.

7. When you are finished adding volumes, click Create Volumes Now. If Map Volumes to this server using default settings is selected, the created volumes are mapped to the server from which the Create Volumes wizard was initiated. Storage Center balances volumes between server ports.

Removing Mapping from a VolumeTo remove mappings from a volume:

1. In the System Explorer Tree, expand Storage > Volumes to view individual volumes.

2. Right-click a volume.

3. From the shortcut menu, select Remove Mappings from Volume. The Remove Mappings from Volume window appears.

4. Select the mapping to remove.


Managing Volumes

5. Click Remove Now. If a mapping is still active, System Manager asks you to confirm. Before removing the mapping, confirm that the volume is no longer in use by the server. If you remove a mapping to a volume which is in use, the server will no longer have access to the volume and will have read/write errors.

Deleting a VolumeTo delete a volume:



3. From the shortcut menu, select Delete. System Manager informs you if the volume is actively mapped to a server and asks you to confirm.

4. Click Yes.

Deleting a volume moves metadata on that volume to the Recycle Bin. You can recover the volume from the Recycle Bin, but once the Recycle Bin is emptied, data on that volume cannot be recovered.

To delete multiple volumes:

1. In the System Explorer Tree, expand Storage > Volumes to view volume folders.

2. Select a volume folder. The list of volumes appears in the main frame.

3. In the main window, select volumes by holding down the Shift key or Ctrl key and clicking on volumes.

4. From the shortcut menu at the top of the window, choose Delete. System Manager warns you if a volume is mapped to a server.

5. System Manager asks you to confirm. Click Yes. The volumes are deleted.

Restoring a Deleted VolumeWhen a volume is deleted, it is moved to the Recycle Bin. You can restore a deleted volume from the Recycle Bin.

Caution: Once the Recycle Bin is emptied, any items in the Recycle bin are gone and cannot be restored.

To restore a volume from the Recycle Bin:

1. In the System Explorer Tree, expand Storage > Volumes to view volume components including the Recycle Bin.

2. Expand the Recycle Bin. The Recycle Bin lists restorable volumes.

3. Right-click the volume to be restored.

4. From the shortcut menu, choose Restore Volume. The volume is restored. Previous mappings are not restored.


Expanding a VolumeTo expand the virtual capacity of a volume (which may be greater than the physical capacity):



3. From the shortcut menu, select Expand Volume. The Expand Volume window appears.

4. Choose a number in blocks, Gigabytes, Terabytes, or Petabytes.

5. Click Continue. System Manager warns you that because of overhead, the actual final size will be slightly larger than the size indicated.

6. Click Expand Volume Now.

Erasing DataTo erase data from a volume (but not Replays):


2. Select a volume. The Volume Information window appears.

3. From the shortcut volume links at the top of the System Explorer window, click Erase Data. You may need to click the down arrow to the right of the links to view all commands.

4. The Erase Volume Data window appears. System Manager asks you to confirm and warns you that the operation cannot be undone.

5. Click Continue. The data is erased. Most of the pages associated with that volume are returned to the pagepool and marked as available for use; the amount of space on the volume used by the erased data is set to zero.

Moving a Volume to a FolderTo move a volume to a folder:



3. From the shortcut menu, select Move to Folder. The Move Volume window appears. Select a folder to which to move the volume.

4. Click Continue. System Manager asks you to confirm.

5. Click Apply Now. The volume is moved to the selected folder.

To move more than one volume at a time to a folder:


2. Select a volume folder. The list of volumes appears in the main window.

3. In the main window select volumes by holding down the Shift key or Ctrl key and clicking on volumes.


Managing Volumes

4. From the shortcut menu at the top of the window, choose Move to Folder. The Move Volumes window appears.

5. From the list of folders displayed, select the folder to which to move the volumes.

6. System Manager asks you to confirm. Click Apply Now. The volumes are moved.

Changing Volume Properties

General Volume Properties

To view general volume properties:



3. From the shortcut menu, select Properties. The Volume Properties window appears.

4. In the Volume Properties window, click the General tab. The General Volume Properties window appears.

Figure 18. General Volume Properties

5. View volume properties. Volume Properties include:

• Name and type: You can type in a new volume name.

• Status: Can be up or down. Controller on which volume is active.

• Volume Type: can be dynamic, Replay enabled, or Replication. A volume is dynamic until at least one Replay has been taken of that volume. Once a Replay has been taken of a volume, it becomes Replay Enabled. A Replication volume is one that is being Replicated to another Storage Center system.


• Disk Folder: Disk folder in which this volume resides

• Storage Type: Type of Redundancy and Storage Type size. (Refer to Non-Standard Storage Types on page 102.)

• Logical Size: Size of volume as seen by the Server.

• Serial Number

6. Select or clear Enforce Volume Space Consumption Limit. If you configure a volume to be larger than current disk space, this puts a limit on the amount of space this volume can consume. This prevents a runaway application from consuming too much disk space.

7. Click OK to save changes.

Volume Cache Properties

To set Volume Cache Properties:



3. From the shortcut menu, select Properties. The Volume Properties window appears.

4. In the Volume Properties window, click the Cache tab. (Caching that is set system-wide overwrites individual volume cache. For more information about system-wide cache, refer to Selecting Storage RAID on page 166.)

Figure 19. Volume Cache Properties

5. Do any of the following:

• Select or clear write cache. Write Cache holds written data in volatile memory until it can be safely stored on disk. Write Cache protects in the event of a power loss.

• Select or clear read cache. Read Cache anticipates the next Read and holds it in quick volatile memory, thus improving Read performance. Read Ahead can be used for sequential reads, such as video.


Managing Volumes


Folder Properties

To view Folder properties, in the Volume Properties window, select the Folder tab. System Manager lists all volume folders and subfolders on this system. The folder in which the volume resides is highlighted. To move the selected volume to a different folder:

1. In the Volume Properties window, click Folder. As list of volume appears.

2. Select a folder to move the volume to. (To move multiple volumes at once, refer to Moving Multiple Volumes on page 56.)

3. Click OK. The folder is moved.

Info

To view Volume Info:

1. In the Volume Properties tab, click Info. Information includes:

• Date Volume was created

• User who created the volume

• Data volume was last updated

• User who updated the volume

2. Enter any notes (up to 255 characters).

3. Click OK.

Note If Storage Profiles were manually applied to a volume, the Storage tab may appear in Volume Properties. Refer to Volume Properties on page 321.


Managing Volume Folders

Creating a Volume FolderVolume folders organize volumes. You can restrict access to folders through a combination of User Groups and User Privileges, as described in Users and Groups on page 201.

Volume folders can be hierarchical. To create a volume folder:

1. From the Storage Management window, select Create > Folder > Volume Folder. The Create Volume Folder window appears.

2. You can create the folder at the root level (Volumes) or within another folder.

Figure 20. Create Volume Folder

3. Enter a volume folder name, or accept the default. Enter any Notes (up to 255 characters).

4. Click Create Now. The volume folder is created.


Managing Volume Folders

Viewing a List of Volume FoldersTo view a list of volume folder information:

1. In the System Explorer Tree, expand Storage to view Volumes. The system lists volumes and volume folders.

2. Expand a volume folder to view volumes and volume folders in that folder.

In the main window select more than one volume folder by holding down the Shift or Ctrl key and selecting more than one volume folder.

Figure 21. Select Multiple Volume Folders

Using the shortcut menu, you can:

• Create or apply Replay Profiles to all the volumes in the selected folders.

• Move the selected folders into another folder.

• Delete multiple volume folders.

Note Storage Profiles appear if you are allowed to select a Storage Profile. Refer to Advanced User Volume Defaults on page 214.

Viewing Volume Folder PropertiesTo view volume folder properties:

1. From the Storage Management menu, choose Properties > Folder > Volume Folder. In the Select a Volume Folder window, System Manager displays a list of volume folders.

2. Expand a folder to view sub-folders.

3. Choose a folder.

4. Click Continue. The General Volume Folder Properties window appears. To change the name of the folder, enter a new name.


5. Click OK.

6. Click the Info tab to view Date Created, Created By, Date Updated, Updated By, and Notes (up to 255 characters).

Deleting a Volume FolderYou cannot delete a volume folder that contains volumes, other volume folders, or is referenced by volumes that are in the recycle bin. To delete a folder:


2. Right-click a volume folder.

3. From the shortcut menu, select Delete.

4. Click Continue.

5. System Manager asks you to confirm.

6. Click Yes. The folder is deleted.


Copy, Mirror, and Migrate


Copying a VolumeCopy copies data from source volume to destination volume. Changes made to the source volume during the copy process are added to the destination volume. Copy does not dynamically update the destination volume after the copy is completed. To make a simple copy of a volume:



3. From the shortcut menu, select Copy > Copy Volume. The Copy Volume window appears.

4. Select a destination volume.

• To copy the source volume to an existing volume, select a destination volume from the list of volumes displayed. The destination volume cannot be smaller than the source volume. The destination volume cannot be mapped to a server. Click continue.

• Specify a priority relative to other Copy/Mirror/Migrate and Replication operations.

• By checking Copy historical Replay information, you are copying the volume and all associated Replays. If you do not select this option, you exclude Replay data from being copied. Click Continue.

• To copy to and create a new volume, click Create New Volume. Follow the procedure described Creating a Boot from SAN Volume on page 62.

• To copy a new volume with the same attributes as the source volume, click Create Exact Duplicate. A duplicate volume is immediately created.

• If Remote Instant Replay is licensed, you can click Create Replication Volume. This command does not create a volume, but serves as a conduit for Replications.

• Click Continue. A review window appears.

• Click Return to close the screen without creating a copy.

• Click Schedule to set the start date and time. In the scheduling window, enter a date and time. Click Schedule Now.

• Click Start to mirror the volume now.

Mirroring a VolumeMirror dynamically updates the destination volume when the source volume changes. The source and destination volumes are kept synchronized. To create a volume mirror:



3. From the volume shortcut menu, select Copy > Mirror Volume. The Mirror Volume window appears.

4. Select a destination volume.


• To mirror the source volume to an existing volume, select a destination volume from the list of volumes displayed. The destination volume cannot be smaller than the source volume. The destination volume cannot be mapped to a server. Click continue.


• By checking Copy historical Replay information, you are copying the volume and all associated Replays. If you do not select this option, you exclude Replay data from being copied. Click Continue.

• To mirror to and create a new volume, click Create New Volume. Follow the procedure described Creating a Boot from SAN Volume on page 62.

• To create a new volume with the same attributes as the source volume, click Create Exact Duplicate. A duplicate volume is immediately created.

• If Remote Instant Replay is licensed, the Create Replication Volume button appears. This command does not create a volume, but serves as a conduit for Replications.

5. Click Continue. A review window appears.




Migrating a VolumeMigrate is the same as Copy, except that when the copy is finished, all volume-server mappings are moved to the destination volume. The source volume is deleted. The copied data (and its mappings) now reside on the destination volume. Copy/Migrate first copies data from the source volume to the destination volume. Changes to the source volume while the copy is in progress are reflected in the destination volume. When Storage System Manager is finished with the copy, all volume-to-server mappings are moved to the destination volume. To migrate a volume:



3. From the volume shortcut menu, select Copy > Copy/Migrate. The Copy/Migrate Volume window appears.

4. Select a destination volume

• To migrate data to an existing volume, select a destination volume from the list of volumes displayed. The destination volume cannot be smaller than the source volume. The destination volume cannot be mapped to a server. Click continue. Complete the Copy/Migrate options:


• By checking Copy historical Replay information, you are copying the volume and all associated Replays. If you do not select this option, you exclude Replay data from being copied.



• Select or clear delete source volume after migration.• Select or clear reverse mirror after migrate. Compellent mirrors updates back

to the source volume after the Copy/Migrate command is complete, using the source volume as a backup.

• Click Continue. • The Copy/Migrate options are displayed. Click Continue to migrate now. Click

Schedule to schedule the migration at a later time.

• To mirror to and create a new volume, click Create New Volume. Follow the procedure described Creating a Boot from SAN Volume on page 62.

• To create a new volume with the same attributes as the current volume, click Create Exact Duplicate. A duplicate volume is immediately created.

• Click Create Replication Volume if Remote Instant Replay is licensed. This command does not create a volume, but serves as a conduit for Replications.

5. Click Continue. A review window appears.




6. Click OK.

Viewing Copy/Mirror/Migrate EventsTo monitor and manage all copy volume, mirror volume and copy/migrate volume events, from the View menu, choose Copy/Mirror/Migrate. The Copy/Mirror/Migrate view appears.

Figure 22. Copy/Mirror/Migrate View

The Copy/Mirror/Migrate view displays:• Type• State• Priority• Source volume• Destination volume• Percent synchronized


• Size of data that remains to be synchronized• Current Replay• Copy History• Whether the system will delete the volume after migration (Migrate)• Whether the system performs a reverse mirror after migration (Mirror)


Viewing Volume Information

Viewing Volume InformationVolume information displays status of volumes. To view information for all volumes in a folder, in the System Explorer Tree, select the top Volumes folder. System Manager lists the folders and volumes within that folder.

Figure 23. Viewing Volume Info

Information includes:

• Name: Shows the name of the volume.

• Type: Displays the type—volume or a volume folder

• Status: Shows volume status: up or down

• Status Information: If an element is down, this field displays the reason it is down

• Volume Type: Dynamic, Replay Enabled, or Replication.

• Dynamic Volume: A volume for which no Replays have been taken. Exists on the system as a read/write volume. Data Progression manages the volume allocations in configure Volume Active space only.

• Replay Enabled Volume: A volume that has at least one Replay. A Replay-enabled volume consists of two different layers of volume space: Active (writable) and Replay (historical, or read-only). Once a Replay is taken on a volume, the active data that exists on that volume is marked as read-only and is moved to the Tier and Class that is configured for Replays. New data written to the volume after the Replay is written to active portion of the volume; however the Replay area may still be accessible for reads. As more changes to the volume occur (as writes in the active space) and as more Replays are taken, some of the Replay data may become inaccessible. This is known as Replay overhead. This data can be made available by creating a view volume to allow for data recovery or backups.

• Replication Volume: A target volume that is being replicated from another system.


• Logical size: Shows the logical size of the volume.

• Replay Profile: Shows the Replay profile attached to the volume.

• Storage Profile: Shows the Storage Profile attached to the volume.

• Storage Type: Maximum-use Storage Types are redundant with a datapage size of 2 MB. Other Storage Types are described in Non-Standard Storage Types on page 102.

• Disk folder the volume is using.

General Volume InformationTo view information for an individual volume, select the volume in the System Explorer Tree. The Volume Information window appears.

Figure 24. Individual Volume Information



General Volume Information includes:

• Name: Volume name

• Index: Number used by Copilots to assist with component identification

• Size: Volume size

• Serial Number: Volume Serial Number (VSN)

• Disk folder that the volume uses for storage

• Volume Type: Active or Replay Enabled. If no Replay has been taken for a volume, it is Active. Once a Replay has been taken, it is Replay Enabled.

• Disk folder that the volume uses for storage

• Status - Up or Down. If a volume is not mapped to a server, the system displays the message: “down (currently inactive - map to a server to activate)”.

• Replay Profiles used for this volume

• Storage Profiles attached to this volume (by default, the Recommended Storage Profile)

• Cache Settings

• Volume Statistics

• Date Created and Updated, and by whom


MappingMapping information displays the server to which this volume is mapped. To view Mapping information:

1. In the System Explorer Tree, expand Storage Volumes to view individual volumes.

2. In the Volume Information window, click Mapping. The system displays:

Figure 25. Volume Mapping Info

• Status of the connection (up or down)

• Name of the server to which this volume is mapped

• Type of server Fibre Channel (FC) or iSCSI

• World Wide Name (WWN) of the server port

• WWN of the Storage Center controller port

• LUN

• Whether the volume is read only (yes or no)



Copy/Mirror/Migrate To view Copy/Mirror/Migrate information for a volume:

1. In the System Explorer Tree, expand Volumes to view individual volumes.

2. Select a volume.The Volume Information window appears.

3. Click the Copy/Mirror/Migrate tab. The Copy, Mirror, Migrate window appears.

Figure 26. Copy/Mirror/Migrate Volume Info

System Manager displays the following information:

• Type: Can be Replication, Replication mirror, or copy migrate

• State: Can be running or down

• Priority: Can be High, Medium, or Low

• Source Volume: Name of volume from which data is copied

• Destination Volume: Name of volume to which data is being copied

• Percent Synced: Percentage that destination volume matches source volume

• Remaining: Percentage of data left to copy

• Current Replay: ID of latest Replay

• Copy History: History of Replays

• Delete After Migrate: Will source volume be deleted after copy

• Reverse Mirror After Migrate: Copy back to original source

ReplicationThe Replication tab only appears with volumes which have been or are being Replicated. For information of Replication procedures and terms, refer to Remote Instant Replay on page 259.


ReplaysThe Replay tab appears only on volumes for which there are Replays. Replay information for a volume is described in Data Instant Replay on page 225.

Replay CalendarThe Replay Calendar shows existing and scheduled Replays. For more information, refer to Viewing Volume Replay Calendar on page 253.

Volume StatisticsTo view volume statistics:


2. Select a volume. The Volume Information window appears.

3. Click the Statistics tab. System Manager displays volume statistics.

Figure 27. Volume Statistics

The Volume Statistics window displays the following information in graphical form, per tier in GBs.

• Volume Space - Active shows the volume space utilized by the data that has been written before a Replay is taken.

• Disk Space - Active shows the total disk space including RAID overhead that is being used by this volume

• Volume Space - Replay shows the space utilized by Replays, including accessible and inaccessible Replay space. Refer to Copy, Mirror, and Migrate on page 41.

• Disk Space - Replay shows the total disk space including RAID overhead that is being used by this volume.



Total Volume Space Consumed:

• Equals Volume Space Replay

• Minus Data Instant Replay Overhead

• Plus Volume Space Active

For example: 54.31 - 17.36 + 3.1 = 40.05

Total Disk Space Consumed

• Equals Disk Space Replay

• Plus Disk Space Active.

For example 67.17 + 6.21 = 71.38

Data Instant Replay Overhead is that part of Volume Space Replay that is inaccessible. This inaccessible data is previous pages that have been written to but are still parts of previous Replays.

The Statistics lists

• Total volume space consumed

• Total disk space consumed

• Savings vs. basic RAID 10 storage

• Data Instant Replay Overhead.

System Manager displays distribution usage for volumes and Replays for each disk tier and RAID selection within the tier. If there is no contention for storage space in the first RAID selection, it is assigned storage from that selection. Savings vs. basic RAID 10 storage shows the storage savings through the effective use of RAID 5 rather than RAID 10. The difference between volume space consumed and disk space consumed is the space required for RAID parity. For example, a RAID 10 volume is written twice. The disk space required is twice the volume space required. Disk space is required for RAID 5 parity blocks that is not used in the volume space.

Volume ChartsTo view volume charts, in the Volume Info window, click the Charts table. Charts display Read, Write, and total KB/sec and IO/sec in real time.


Volume Distribution ReportsThe Volume Distribution Reports window displays how volumes are consuming storage space. Information includes the logical space of each volume is consumed, and the relationship between logical space and physical space.

To view the Volume Distribution Report:

1. From the View menu (shown in Figure 6 on page 21), select Online Storage.

2. Click the Volume Distribution Report tab. The Volume Distribution Report appears.

Figure 28. Volume Distribution Report

• Server - Storage Center groups volumes by the server to which they are mapped. The row beneath each server grouping details the totals for all volumes mapped to that server.

• Name of the volume. • Defined Size is the defined logical size of the volume. • Replay Count is the number of Replays associated with the volume. The Replay count

includes the active Replay, each volume has a Replay count of at least one, even if no manual or scheduled Replays have been taken.



• Logical Space Consumed displays logical space consumed by a volume and additional space this volume is consuming because of the existence of Replays. It details growth rate trends for both the volume and the associated Replays. Because Replays contain information about changes that occurred on a volume over time, they take up some amount of space. For example, a volume and all of its Replays might consume 10 GB of space. If all the Replays were expired, the volume would only consume 8 GB of space. In this case, the Replay overhead is 2 GB.

• Physical Space Consumed details the physical disk space consumed by a volume and all associated Replays. If this volume is a View volume related to another volume, it could be borrowing space from that volume Replay branch because the two volumes share some Replays. The amount of space borrowed is indicated in the Borrowed column.

Viewing Multiple VolumesTo view multiple volume information:


2. Select a volume folder. A list of volumes appears in the main frame.

3. Note the following:

• Status can be up or down.

• If a volume is down, Status Information includes the reason, warnings, whether Storage Type is in emergency mode, and paused Replays

• Volume Type can be dynamic, Replay enabled, or Replication. A volume is dynamic until at least one Replay has been taken of that volume. Once at least one Replay has been taken of a volume, it becomes Replay Enabled. A Replication volume is one that was Replicated from another Storage Center system.

• Redundancy denotes any RAID-striped volume, except RAID 0.

To view multiple volume information:


2. Select a volume folder. The list of volumes appears in the main frame.


3. In the main window select more than one volume by holding down the Shift or Ctrl key and selecting more than one volume.

Figure 29. Select Multiple Volumes

4. From the shortcut menu, select Properties.

Multiple Volume General Properties

The General Multiple Volumes Property window displays the number and total volume space of the selected volumes.

Figure 30. General Multiple Volume Properties



Multiple Volume Cache Properties

To change the cache properties for the volumes you selected:

1. Click the Cache Tab. The Multiple Volumes Cache Properties window appears.

Figure 31. Multiple Volume Cache Properties

• If none of the selected volumes have cache or Read Ahead enabled, the checkbox is blank.

• If some of the selected volume have cache or Read Ahead enabled and some are disabled, the checkbox is a solid green.

• If all of the selected volumes have cache or Read Ahead enabled, the checkbox has a checkmark.

2. Select or clear volume write cache.

3. Select or clear volume read cache. If read cache is selected, select or clear Enable Read Ahead.


Note If your User Volume Defaults allow you to choose a Storage Profile, the Multiple Volume Properties may include a Storage window. For more information on Volume Storage Properties, refer to Managing Storage Profiles on page 318.


Moving Multiple Volumes

Multiple Volume Folder properties displays folders.To view multiple volume folder properties for the volumes you selected:

1. Click the Folder tab. The Multiple Volumes Folder Properties appears with a list of volume folders on this system.

Figure 32. Multiple Volumes Folder Properties

2. Select a folder to move the selected multiple volumes to.

3. Click OK.


Topology Explorer

Topology ExplorerWith the Topology Explorer, you can map volumes to servers and external (remote) system easily by dragging one component to another. To view the topology explorer, from the View menu choose Topology Explorer.

Figure 33. Topology Explorer without Folders

• Left column displays servers• Middle column displays volumes• Right column displays remote or external systems


The Connections button toggles between Show All Connections and Show Connections for Selected Object Only.

Figure 34. Show All Connections

Numbers indicate the logical unit for that map. When there are replications, you will also see connections between the Volumes and the Remote Volume they are replicating to.


Topology Explorer

Toggling the Connections button displays the connections of a selected object.

Figure 35. Connections for a Single Object


The Folders button toggles between showing and hiding folder. When the Folders button is toggled to show folders, a red line is drawn through the Folders button and unmapped folders are displayed.

Figure 36. Topology View with Folders

Notice that when the Topology Explorer displays folders, two additional command objects appear at the bottom of the screen: Create New Server Folder and Create New Volume Folder.

Use the Topology Explorer to execute commands, such as:• Creating a Boot from SAN Volume• Creating a Volume Folder• Mapping a Volume to a Server


Topology Explorer

Creating a Volume in the Topology ExplorerTo create a new volume:

1. Drag New Volume command object to the Topology Explorer window. The New Volume wizard opens.

2. Follow the New Volume wizard instructions described in Creating a Boot from SAN Volume on page 62.

Creating a Volume Folder in the Topology ExplorerTo create a new server folder with the Topology Explorer:

1. Make sure the Show Folders toggle is enabled and the Show Folder command object appears.

2. Drag the New Volume Folder command object to the Topology Explorer window. The Create New Volume Folder wizard appears.

3. Follow the instructions described in Creating a Volume Folder on page 38.

Mapping a Volume to a Server in the Topology ExplorerTo map a volume to a server

1. Drag a server onto a volume or drag a volume onto a server. The Mapping window appears.

2. Following the Mapping instructions described in Mapping Volumes to a Server on page 68.

Note The Topology Explorer manages Storage Center components only.

Creating an External Device with the Topology ExplorerTo create a new external device:

1. Drag the New External Device command object to the Topology Explorer window. The New External Device wizard opens.

2. Follow the New Volume wizard instructions described in Creating a Volume in the Topology Explorer


Creating a Boot from SAN VolumeBoot from SAN dramatically reduces the time to recover servers by creating and storing Replays of the boot volume at the disaster recovery site. The Boot from SAN function allows servers to use an external SAN volume as the boot volume for the server. In the event of a failure, power up a spare server, point the server to a boot image on the SAN, and boot the server up.

Note To use the Boot from SAN wizard, you must already have a boot from SAN volume created and in use. A boot from SAN volume is operating system-dependent and requires the server HBA to be specifically configured and enabled to boot from the SAN. See your respective operating system and HBA provider to create this configuration.

To create a Boot from SAN copy:

1. From the Storage Management menu, choose Volume > Create a Boot from SAN Volume.

2. Click Continue.

3. Select a source volume. Click Continue. The Name window appears.

4. Enter the name to associate with the Boot from SAN copy. The default is the name of the source volume Copy 1.

5. The verification window appears. Click Create Now.The Select Server to Map window appears.

6. From the list of Servers, select a server to map.

7. Click Continue. The Select Server Ports window appears.

8. Check the server ports to be mapped.

9. Click Continue. The New Mappings window appears.

10.Select or clear Read Only Mappings.

11.Enter a Logical Unit Number (LUN). The server uses to access the volume through the LUN. If another Compellent System or other devices are plugged into the Fibre Channel Network, you may need to manually enter a LUN.

12.Click Create Now. The Boot from SAN volume is created.

13.Click Return.

Viewing the Recycle BinDeleting a volume moves data on the volume to the Recycle Bin. You can recover data from the Recycle Bin until the Recycle Bin is emptied. Once the Recycle Bin is emptied, you can not longer recover a volume.

To empty the recycle bin, from the Storage Management menu, choose Volume > Empty Recycle Bin. System Manager lists items in the recycle bin and asks you to confirm. Click Yes. The Recycle Bin is emptied.


3 Servers

Introduction 64

Managing Servers 65

Topology View 73

Viewing Server Information 74


IntroductionThis chapter describes how to create a server, how to organize servers, and how to monitor server status and performance. Servers connected to Storage Center are represented in the System Manager software as icons in the Servers folder.

• Storage Center automatically recognizes Fibre Channel servers on the network. iSCSI servers are configured either during setup or as they are added to the network.

• A remote Compellent Storage Center can act as a server to the local Storage Center system for backup Replication. Refer to Remote Instant Replay on page 259.

• The purpose of organizing servers into folders is either make managing them easier or to restrict some user groups from accessing some servers. (Refer to Users and Groups on page 201.)


Managing Servers

Managing Servers

Note For information on preparing an iSCSI server, refer to the Storage Center Setup Guide.

Creating a ServerCreating a server means to identify a server to a Storage Center system. To create either a FC server or an iSCSI server that has been prepared:

1. In the Storage Management window, right-click Servers.

2. From the shortcut menu, select Create Server. The Create Server wizard appears.

Figure 37. Create Server

The Compellent icon indicates that another Storage Center system is acting as a server for this system.


System Manager displays HBAs from the list of servers attached to this system. Create a server from a FC or iSCSI host bus adapter (HBA) indicated by the server icon. If the server-side HBA has more than one port, you can select one or more than one if you have multipathing software on the server. (If an HBA is not listed, click Find HBA, Refresh HBA Data, or Scan for New HBAs.)

Note If you are using iSCSI CHAP, add remote CHAP initiators to communicate with the server you are creating. Refer to Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) on page 131.

3. Enter a name for the server or accept the default.

4. Select an existing server folder or create a new server folder. You can use server folders to organize servers and to restrict access to servers by some users. (Refer to Users and Groups on page 201.) To create a folder at this time, click Create a New Folder. Enter a folder name and any notes (up to 255 characters).

5. Click OK.

6. Click Continue. The screen displays the name and attributes of the server.

7. Click Create Now.

Creating a Server FolderTo create a server folder:

1. In the System Explorer tree, right-click on a server.

2. From the shortcut menu, select Create Server Folder. The Create Server Folder window appears.

Figure 38. Create Server Folder


Managing Servers

3. Enter a name or accept the default.


5. Click OK.

Adding a Server to a FolderTo expand Servers to view individual servers:

1. In the System Explorer tree, select the Servers icon. A list of servers and server folders appears.

2. Select one or more servers.

Figure 39. Select Servers

3. From the shortcut menu, select Move to Folder. The Storage Center System Manager displays a list of folders.

4. Select a folder.

5. Click Continue. The Storage Center System Manager asks you to confirm.

6. Click Apply Now.

Deleting a ServerTo delete a server:




3. From the shortcut menu, select Delete. The system asks you to confirm.

4. Click Yes. The server is deleted.

Mapping Volumes to a ServerRefer to Mapping a Volume to a Server on page 30.

Removing Mappings from a ServerTo remove mappings from a server:



3. From the shortcut menu, select Remove Mappings from Server.The Remove Mappings from Server window appears.

Figure 40. Remove Mappings from Server

4. Select mappings to remove.

• Make sure that the volume mapped to this server is no longer mounted; if you remove an active map entry, the server using the volume will have read/write errors. The system warns you if you are attempting to remove an active map entry.

• Make sure that removing this mapping will not create a gap in the LUN sequence. Most operating systems require contiguous LUN sequencing starting with LUN 0. A gap in the LUN sequence may cause the server to not recognize subsequent volumes.

5. Click Remove Now. The mapping is removed.


Managing Servers

Adding HBAs to a ServerIf you added a new card to a server, you can logically identify it to the Storage Center system. To add HBAs to a sever:



3. From the shortcut menu, select Add HBAs to Server. The Add HBAs to Server window appears.

4. Select from these options:

• Select or clear Only Show Active/Up Connections.

• Refresh HBA Data. This is a simple refresh command. System Manager does not scan for new HBAs; it merely re-displays the current list of HBAs.

• Scan for New HBAs. If you expect to see an HBA but don’t, check the cabling and connections. Click Scan for New HBAs. System Manager retrieves current data, checks for HBAs not on the previous list, and adds any newly found HBAs to the list.

5. To make sure that the network acknowledges the HBA:

a. Locate and unplug the cable to the HBA on the back of the server.b. Wait 60 seconds.c. Plug the cable going to the HBA back into the server.d. Click Scan for New HBAs again.e. Select an HBA. Click Continue. The system asks you to confirm.

6. Select an HBA.

7. Click Modify Now. The HBA is added to the server.

Removing HBAs from a ServerBefore removing an HBA, make sure that no volumes are mounted to this server through this HBA. If you remove an active HBA, the server using the volume no longer has access to the volume and will have read or write errors. When you map a volume to a server, you are really mapping that volume to one (or possibly more than one) of the server HBAs. When you remove an HBA to which a volume is mapped, the maps are also deleted.

To remove HBAs from a Server that does not have volumes mapped to it:


2. From the shortcut menu, select Remove HBAs from Server. Storage Center System Manager displays the HBAs on that server.

3. Select an HBA.

4. Click Continue. The system asks you to confirm.

5. Click Remove HBAs Now. The HBA is removed.


Changing Server Name or IP AddressChange a server name or IP address in the Server Properties window. To view server properties:

1. In the system tree, right-click a server.

2. From the shortcut menu, select Properties. The General Server Properties window appears showing the server name and address.

3. To change the server name or IP address, enter the new information.

4. To view the dates the server was created and updated and by whom, click the Info tab.


6. Click OK.

Note Enterprise Manager, a separately licensed Compellent application, uses a server IP address of the systems it monitors to retrieve volumes mapped to the server.

Viewing Server FoldersTo view server properties:



3. Click on the Folder tab. The Server Properties window appears, showing Server folders. Expand a folder to view servers within the folder.

Moving Servers to a Different FolderTo move servers:


2. From the shortcut menu, select Move to Folder. The Move Servers window appears, displaying server folders.

3. Select a folder to which to move the server.

4. Click Continue. System Manager displays the server and the folder path.

5. Click Apply Now.


Managing Servers

Creating a Volume for a Server

Note To create a volume for a server with a Storage Profile, refer to Storage Profiles on page 305.

To create a volume from a server:

1. In the System Tree, select a server.

2. From the shortcut menu, select Create Volumes. The Create Volume from server window appears.

Figure 41. Create Volume from Server

You can:

• Copy the selected volume when adding a volume

• Use My Volume Defaults when adding a volume

• Map volumes to this server using default settings

• Add a volume

• Remove a select volume

• Modify a selected volume

To create a volume, click Create Volumes Now.


To modify a volume from the server, in the Create Volume from a Server window shown in Figure 41 on page 71, click Modify. The Modify volume window appears.

Figure 42. Modify Volume

You can:

• Change the folder in which the volume resides

• If Data Instant Replay is enabled, select a Replay Profile attached to this volume

• If Data Progression is licensed for this system and you are allowed to make changes, select a Storage Profile attached to this volume.

• If you are allowed to change cache settings, the type of cache enabled.


Topology View

Topology ViewUse the Topology Explorer, described in Topology Explorer on page 57, to create a Server or a Server Folder.

To open the Topology Explorer, from the View menu, select Topology Explorer.

Figure 43. View Menu

Creating a New Server with the Topology ExplorerTo create a new server with the Topology Explorer:

1. Drag the New Server command object to the Topology Explorer window. The Create Server wizard appears.

2. Follow the instructions described in Creating a Server on page 65.

Creating a New Server Folder with the Topology ExplorerTo create a new server folder with the Topology Explorer:

1. Make sure the Show Folders toggle is enabled and the Show Folder command object appears.

2. Drag the New Server Folder command object to the Topology Explorer window. The Create New Server Folder wizard appears.

3. Follow the instructions described in Creating a Server Folder on page 66.


Viewing Server Information

General Server InformationTo view general server information:

1. In the System Explorer Tree, click Servers. The main window displays a list of servers or server folders. To view a server within a folder, in the System Explorer tree, expand a server folder to view an individual server.

2. The General Server information window appears.

Figure 44. General Server Information

Server information includes:

• Name: Applied when server was created. To change the name, refer to Changing Server Name or IP Address on page 70. Another Compellent system that is acting as a server to the current system is identified by its Compellent system name. Another Compellent system acts as a server to the current system if it is replicating data to the current system.

• Index (number used by Copilots to assist with component identification).



• Folder: If this Server is organized into a folder, the folder in which it resides.

• Type: A server type is always a Server.

• HBA type: Can be iSCSI or FC.

• Connection status: Up or Down.

• IP address: Notice that an iSCSI server includes an IP address.

Viewing Server HBAsTo view server HBAs:


2. Select a server. The General Server information window appears.

Figure 45. Server HBAs

3. Click the Server HBAs tab. The Server HBAs window appears. The system displays:

• Server port

• Type of server: FC or iSCSI

• Status: Up or Down

• Connected controller ports

• Port ID

• Symbolic port name: None for a FC server, the IP address for an iSCSI server

• Node name

• Symbolic Node Name


Shortcut Commands in the Server HBAs Window

Set Update Frequency

To change the frequency that Storage Center System Manager updates Server HBA information, click Set Update Frequency.

Figure 46. Set Update Frequency

Find

To find an item in this list, click Find. Enter a search term to search for items in this list. Choose to search up or down. Continue to click Find to find all instances of the search item.

Scroll Setting

To choose scrolling options

1. Click Scroll Setting.

Figure 47. Scroll Settings

2. Choose an option:

• Do Not Scroll• Scroll to Selected Item on Refresh• Scroll to Top on Refresh• Scroll to Bottom on Refresh



Add HBAs to Server

To add HBAs to a server, click Add HBAs to a server. The Add HBA window appears, displaying all the HBAs found by this controller.

Figure 48. Add HBAs to a Server

In the Connected Controller Ports column, the System Manager lists the server ports connected to this controller:

Figure 49. Connected Controller Ports List

Select an HBA. Click Continue. The Storage Center System Manager asks you to confirm. Click Modify Now. For more information, refer to Adding HBAs to a Server on page 69.

Delete HBA

To delete an HBA, select a server. Click on the HBA tab. From the shortcut menu, select Delete. The Storage Center System Manager asks you to confirm. Click Yes.


Viewing Server Connectivity in System ExplorerTo view server connectivity:


2. Select a server.

3. Click on the Connectivity tab. The ports listed in the Server HBA window (shown in Figure 49 on page 77) are listed in the Server Connectivity Ports window.

Figure 50. Server Connectivity Ports

The Server Connectivity Ports window displays:

• Server Port Name, including IP address of iSCSI ports

• Type of server: iSCSI or FC

• Status: Up or down

• Controller to which this server is mapped

• Controller port to which this server port is connected



Scrolling to the right in the Server Connectivity window displays the Controller Port Info column.

Figure 51. Controller Port Info

Because these are Server ports, all ports are FE (front end). Servers only connect to the front end of a controller; refer to Controller FC cards shown in Figure 75 on page 115.

Scrolling to the right in the Server Connectivity window displays statistics for data transfer between the server ports and the controller.

Figure 52. Data Transfer Statistics

Statistics include:• MB Written• MB Read• Read IOPs• Write IOPs• Average Read Latency• Average Write Latency


• Average Transfer Ready Latency

For information on the commands available in the Connectivity window, including Set Update Frequency, Find, and Scroll Setting, refer to Shortcut Commands in the Server HBAs Window on page 76.

To show or hide down connections, click the Down Connections menu.

Figure 53. Down Connections Menu

Viewing a Server Connectivity ReportTo view server connectivity, from the View menu (shown in Figure on page 21), choose Server Connectivity. The Server Connectivity window appears.

Figure 54. Left Side of Server Connectivity Window



Servers listed with the Compellent logo indicate remote systems.

The left side of the Server Connectivity window lists:• Worldwide name• Name of server• Type (Server)• Port type: FC or iSCSI

Scroll to the right to view additional information for each server.

Figure 55. Right Side of Server Connection Window

For each server, the Server Connectivity window displays:• System to which this server is connected• Server Port ID• Fault domain• Usage: Primary or Reserved• Type of Server: FC or iSCSI

Viewing Server MappingTo view server mapping:


2. Select a server. The server information window appears in the right frame.

3. Click on the Mapping tab.

System to which server is connected


The Volume Mapping window appears.

Figure 56. Server Mapping

The system displays each volume that is mapped to this server, including:• Status• Volume • Type of server• Server port• Controller port for each server port• LUN• Whether volume is read-only or not

For information on the commands available in the Mapping window, including Set Update Frequency, Find, and Scroll Setting, refer to Shortcut Commands in the Server HBAs Window on page 76. For information on mapping a volume to a server, refer to Mapping a Volume to a Server on page 30. For information on removing mappings, refer to Removing Mappings from a Server on page 68.

Viewing Server VolumesTo view volumes mapped to the server:


2. Select a server. The server information window appears in the right frame.

3. Click the Volumes tab. The system displays the volumes that are mapped to this server, including volume name, type of volume, whether the volume is redundant, the amount of disk space consumed by the volume, and the logical size of the volume.

4. The following commands appear at the top of the server connectivity window: Set Update Frequency, Find, and Scroll Setting.



Viewing Server ChartsTo view server charts, in the Server Info window, click on the Charts tab. The Sever Charts window appears.

Figure 57. Viewing Server Charts

• The top of the Server Chart displays reads, writes, and total KB per second

• The bottom of the Server Chart displays reads, writes, and total IO per second



4 Disks

Introduction 86

Data Progression 87

Managing Disks 88

Adding Disks to a Storage Center System 92

Rebalancing RAID Devices 95

Managing Disks Folders 98

Non-Standard Storage Types 102


IntroductionThis chapter describes how to view and manage disks and disk folders. Only Administrators can manage disks and disk folders. Some commands, indicated in the command description, are available only when specifically included in Administrative privileges.

System Manager displays disks both physically and logically.Physically, disks are grouped by the enclosure in which they reside as shown in the Enclosures folder icon. For a description of the physical representation of disks, refer to Disks on page 189.

• Logically, the System Manager groups disks by type, such as SATA or FC-ATA. A disk folder contains both managed and spare drives. (Managed drives are used for data storage; spare drives are held in reserve to automatically replace a drive if a managed drive fails.)

• The ability of Storage Center to optimize data storage is hampered by systems using Advanced Options. Make sure you consult with Compellent Copilots so that you understand the impact Advanced Options can have on your system.


Data Progression

Data ProgressionData Progression™ is a separately-licensed application. To see if your Storage Center includes Data Progression, refer to the Storage Center System Manager main window shown in Figure 1 on page 17.

Data Progression leverages cost and performance differences between storage tiers, allowing the maximum use of lower cost SATA drives for stored data, while maintaining high-performance Fibre Channel drives for frequently-accessed data. Storage Center automatically creates tiers based on the disks in your system. Tier 1 is fastest, Tier 3 the slowest. To view classes of tiers on your system, select a disk folder. A list of disk types by tier appears, similar to Figure 63 on page 98.

Once every 24 hours, Storage Center polls blocks to see if they have been accessed. Blocks of data are then migrated up or down depending on use. The amount of time the migration takes depends on the amount of data to be migrated.

Changing the Data Progression ScheduleData Progression is scheduled system-wide, not per volume. To schedule Data Progression:

1. From the Storage Management menu, select Volume > Schedule Data Progression. The Schedule Data Progression window appears.

Figure 58. Schedule Data Progression

2. To change the hour Data Progression begins, click in the hour field. Use the up or down arrows to change the hour.

3. To change the minute Data Progression begins, click in the minute field. Use the up or down arrows to change the minute.

4. To limit the amount of time Data Progression can run per 24-hour period, select a maximum run time.

5. Click OK. The time is changed.


Managing DisksExpand the System Explorer tree to view managed folders and disks. Icons indicate drives that are active, failed, or used as a spare.

Select a disk. General disk information appears.

Figure 59. General Disk Information

Information in this window includes:

• Position, listed as enclosure and position. For example, disk 12-06 resides in Enclosure 12. To view the position of this disk in an enclosure, right-click on a disk. From the shortcut menu, select Show Disk in Enclosure. The command displays the physical location of the disk.

• Index (number required by Copilots to assist with component identification)

• Folder: The disk folder in which this disk resides

• Control Type: A disk can be one of following types:

• Managed: Part of a managed disk folder. Data is striped across all drives in a managed disk folder (except reserved hot spares). To move a managed disk, refer to Moving Managed Disk on page 90.


Managing Disks

• Unmanaged: A disk that is recognized by Storage Center but has not yet been assigned to a managed disk folder. An unmanaged disk cannot store data. To add an unmanaged disk to a managed disk folder, refer to Managing Unassigned Disks on page 93 or Adding Unassigned Disks to a Folder on page 94.

• Foreign Managed: A disk that is recognized by this Storage Center system but not managed by it. A Foreign Managed disk could have been managed previously by another Storage Center system or another manufacturer. When the disk is assigned, it becomes Managed.

• Spare: A disk that is used for redundancy.

• Type: Object type is Disk.

• Enclosure: Enclosures are installed and numbered starting at the bottom of a rack.

• Classification: Type of disk, such as SATA or FC-15K.

• Status: Up or Down.

• Health: Healthy or Unhealthy.

• Actual Capacity, Free Space, Manufacturer Capacity.

• Vendor, Product, Revision, Vendor Spec, and Serial Number.

• Block Count: Total, Unallocated, System Allocated, User Allocated, and Bad.

• Statistics: Number of Read requests, blocks and errors; Number of Write requests, blocks, and errors.

• Date Detected: The date and time the system detected the disk. Date Updated: Date and time a user last modified or managed the disk.

Note To classify a disk as an external device, refer to Classifying a Disk as External Device: on page 172.

Alerting When One Path is AvailableBy default, disks have two paths to the controller. If one path is disconnected, a port fails, or a path is mis-cabled, the controller has only one path to the disk. This is a single point of failure. Make sure you are alerted if only one path remains to a disk.

However, if you are reconfiguring a system and deliberately changing paths, you may not need an alert for all disks with one path.

To change Alerts, view general disk properties:

1. Expand the System Explorer tree to view managed disk folders and disks.

2. Select a disk.

1. From the shortcut menu, select Properties. The system displays the Disk Properties window for that disk.In the Disk Properties window, select or clear Alert When Only One Path is Available.

2. Click OK.

3. In the Info tab, enter any notes (up to 255 characters).


4. Click OK.

Note When you finish system configuration, make sure Alerts are enabled.

Moving Managed DiskWhen one or more disks are moved out of a folder, data in the folder is restriped on the remaining disks. For this reason, you cannot move disks out of a folder unless the remaining disks have enough free space to accommodate re-striping the data.To move a managed disk from one disk folder to another:


2. Select a disk.

3. From the shortcut menu, select Move Managed Disk. The Move Managed Disk window appears.

4. Select a folder to which you want to move the managed disks.(Alternately, you can create a new folder. See Creating a Disk Folder on page 99.)


6. Click Yes (Move Now). You may have to refresh the browser before the disk appears in the new folder.

7. The system asks you to rebalance the data on the disk. For more information on rebalancing, refer to Rebalancing RAID Devices on page 95

Releasing DisksReleasing a disk removes it from the disk folder. You can only release a disk that contains no user data.


2. Select a disk to be released, as shown in Figure 59 on page 88. The Disk Information window appears. Notice User Allocated Blocks. If the User Allocated Blocks field shows a count more than 0:

a. Move the disk to another folder. Refer to Moving Managed Disk on page 90. Make sure that you have a folder to which to move the disk and that there is enough free space on the remaining disks in the folder to move the data. If necessary, create a disk folder as described on Creating a Disk Folder on page 99.

b. Rebalance the data among the disks remaining in the managed folder (as described in Rebalancing RAID Devices on page 95). Because rebalancing data occupies system resources, you can rebalance immediately or schedule rebalancing for low-use hours.

3. When the user-allocated block count is 0, from the shortcut menu, select Release Disks. The user-allocated block is reduced to 0 only if there is enough space on the remaining disks in the disk folder to accommodate the movement of data off that disk.

4. Click Yes to release the disk to the unassigned folder. The disk is released.


Managing Disks

Deleting DisksYou cannot delete a disk unless it has failed and has no user allocated blocks. In the System Explorer window, a failed disk appears with a red dot. In the Disk Information window shown in Figure 59 on page 88, status is reported as down and health is reported as failed. To delete a failed or released disk:

1. In the Storage Management window, expand a disk folder to view individual disks.

2. Right-click on a disk.

3. From the shortcut menu, select Delete Disk. If the disk is not down or is carrying User Allocated Blocks, System Manager warns you that the disk cannot be removed. If the disk has failed or has no User Allocated Blocks, System Manager asks you to confirm the deletion. Click Yes. The system deletes the disk from the folder and closes the window. You can now physically remove the disk from the system.

Showing Placement of a Disk in an EnclosureTo view disk properties:

1. In the System Explorer tree, expand the Disks folder to view an individual disk.

2. Right-click a disk.

3. From the shortcut menu, select Show Disk in Enclosure. System Manager switches to the physical view shown in Figure 126 on page 189.


Adding Disks to a Storage Center SystemAs data is written, you will need to add disks or enclosures to the system. The supported maximum number of enclosures per Fibre Channel loop depends on the type of enclosure:

• JBOD: 3 enclosures per loop

• SATA: 5 enclosures per loop

• SBOD: 7 enclosures per loop

Caution After disks are added to a system, the space may not be immediately available. Make sure that you allow enough time for the system to allocate space to use for writes.

To add disks to a system:

1. Make sure you have disks available in sufficient time to incorporated them into the Storage Center as needed.

2. Install enclosures and disk drives according to the hardware installation manuals, shipped with these units. For more information about adding enclosures, refer to the Storage Center 4.1 System Connectivity manual.

3. Once disks have been added, from the System Manager Storage Management menu, select Disk > Scan for Disks. Storage Center adds the new disks to the Disks folder in the System Tree.

4. Disks are assigned to a managed disk folder. Data cannot be written to unmanaged disks. When disks are added to the Storage Center system, the unmanaged disks appear in the Unassigned disk folder. If there are no unassigned disks, the Unassigned disk folder does not appear. To prepare disks for storage, refer to Managing Unassigned Disks on page 93.

5. For maximum performance, balance data across disks as soon as possible. Refer to Rebalancing RAID Devices on page 95.


Adding Disks to a Storage Center System

Managing Unassigned DisksManaging unassigned disks means to move them into a managed disk folder. You can either move the unassigned disks into an existing folder (recommended) or create a new managed disk folder. Move unassigned disks into a new folder only to address specific application requirements. To manage unassigned disks:

1. In the System Explorer tree, expand disk folders to view unassigned disks.

2. The system displays a list of Unassigned and Foreign Managed disks, if any. To select one disk to manage, click on the disk. Use the Shift or Ctrl key to select multiple disks in the folder.

Figure 60. Select Unmanaged Disks

3. From the shortcut menu, select Manage Unassigned Disks. The Manage Unassigned Disks wizard appears. If there is more than one disk folder, System Manager asks you to select a folder into which to move the unassigned disks.

4. Do one of the following:

• Select a folder and click Use the Selected Folder. The Select Hot Spares window appears.

• Click Create New Folder. (If you are creating a new folder, see Creating a Disk Folder on page 99.)

5. If applicable, select one or more disks to be designated as hot spares.

6. Click Continue. The system indicates that the folder will be modified.

7. Click Modify Now. The system displays the Rebalance window. Refer to Rebalancing RAID Devices on page 95.


Adding Unassigned Disks to a FolderAdding unassigned disks to a folder is similar to Managing Unassigned Disks, except that the folder is selected first. To add unassigned disks to a folder:

1. Expand the System Explorer tree to view disk folders.

2. Select a disk folder.

3. From the shortcut menu, select Add Unassigned Disks to Folder. The system displays a list of unassigned disks.

4. Select disks to be added.

5. Click Continue. The system displays the disks you selected.

6. If applicable, select one or more disks to be designated as hot spares.


8. Click Modify Now. The disks are added. The Rebalance window appears. To continue, refer to Rebalancing RAID Devices on page 95.


Rebalancing RAID Devices

Rebalancing RAID DevicesIn standard systems, Storage Center uses RAID 10 (striped and mirrored data) and RAID 5 (striped across 5 or 9 drives) for data storage. RAID Rebalancing restripes data to optimize disk space.

Note In cases where there is insufficient storage to allow a Rebalance to occur, an error message appears asking you to add more disk space.

System Manager distributes data as evenly as possible across disks in a disk folder. Operations such as adding or removing disks can cause data to be unevenly distributed across disks. The RAID Rebalance process redistributes data. The process also can be used to move data off disks that were moved to another disk folder.

To rebalance RAID devices:

1. From the Storage Management menu select Disk > Rebalance RAID devices. The RAID Rebalancing window appears.

2. Chose Viewing RAID Devices, Scheduling RAID Rebalancing, or Rebalance Now.

Viewing RAID DevicesTo view RAID devices, in the RAID Rebalancing window, click View RAID Devices. The RAID Rebalancing window appears.

Figure 61. RAID Device List

The System Manager displays:

• Disk Folder

• Disk classification

• RAID level

• Whether the RAID device needs to be rebalanced: Yes or No.

• Free Space


• Total Space

• Space on Disk

• Removing

• Removal Needed

• Removal Failed

• Temporary Device

Select Schedule RAID Rebalancing or Rebalance Now. Rebalancing moves the smallest RAID devices first.

Caution Although RAID Rebalancing is a background process, depending on the size and activity of your system, Rebalancing can take weeks. Schedule it accordingly.

Scheduling RAID Rebalancing

Schedule Rebalancing in the Future

To schedule rebalancing to start at a predetermined time such as a weekend or during times of low activity:

1. Click Schedule RAID Rebalancing. The Scheduling window appears.

Figure 62. Schedule RAID Rebalancing

2. Enter a date or click the down arrow to view a calendar. Use the up/down arrows to select a time.

3. Click Schedule RAID Rebalancing.

View a Scheduled Rebalance

To view a RAID Rebalance scheduled in the future, from the View menu, choose Scheduled Events. The RAID rebalance appears as a scheduled event.


Rebalancing RAID Devices

Delete a Scheduled Rebalance

To delete a scheduled RAID Rebalance:

1. View a Rebalance scheduled in the future. (See above.)

2. Right-click the Rebalance event.

3. From the shortcut menu, choose Delete. The system asks you to confirm.

4. Click Yes.

Rebalance NowTo Rebalance RAIDs now:

1. Click Rebalance Now.The RAID Rebalancing window appears, showing the progress of the Rebalance in passes on the disks.

2. Click OK. The Rebalance continues in the background, showing you the number of remaining passes, until the Rebalance is complete. To stop the Rebalance, click Stop Rebalancing.


Managing Disks Folders

Viewing an Assigned Disk FolderDisks were assigned to a managed disk folder when the Storage Center was set up. By convention, the managed disk folder is named Assigned.To view an assigned disk folder, in the System Explorer tree, expand Disks. System Manager groups disks into tiers by disk type.

Figure 63. Assigned Disk Folder

This window is display only. The name of the folder appears at the top of the window. Information in this window includes: Capacity, Free Space, Classification (such as SATA or 15K-RPM), Enclosure, Status, Health, and Control Type (such as managed or spare).

For optimal performance, all disks should be assigned to one folder.



The Assigned disk folder for a system with fewer than three classes of disk appear in tiers similar to Figure 64.

Figure 64. Disk Tiers with Fewer than Threes Classes of Disks

Disk Folder PropertiesFolder properties are available only for local, managed disk folders. No folder properties are available for the Unassigned or External Device folders. To view disk folder properties, n the System Explorer tree, select a disk folder, such as Assigned. From the shortcut menu, select Properties. To change the folder name, click the General tab. Enter a new folder name. Click OK. To view information about the folder, such as when it was created and by whom, click Info.

Creating a Disk FolderA managed disk folder was created during installation and setup. A system should have only one folder of managed disks. If additional disks are added to the system, they are added to the managed disk folder. Unassigned disks appear in the Unassigned Disk folder.

Caution Because Data Progression does not migrate storage across disk folders, a second disk folder impacts the ability of Storage Center to maximize performance. Only in rare circumstances do the benefits of multiple disk folders outweigh the disadvantages.


To create a disk folder:

1. From the Storage Management menu, choose Disk > Folder > Create Disk Folder.

2. The Create Disk Folder wizard appears. If a disk folder already exists, the Create Disk Folder window asks if you are sure you want to create a second disk folder.

3. Click Yes. System Manager displays unassigned disks to be added to the new folder. Only unassigned disks can be added to a disk folder. (To release disks, refer to Releasing Disks on page 90.) If there are no unassigned disks, you cannot create a new disk folder.

Figure 65. Create Disk Folder

4. From the list of unmanaged disks, select disks to be included in the new disk folder.

5. Click Continue. System Manager displays the disks you selected, and asks you to choose one or more disks to be a hot spare. The hot spare is used for redundancy; Storage Center replaces a failing disk and rebuilds data on the fly. The spare must be as large as the largest disk in the folder so that it can replace any disk. By default, if there are disks of differing sizes, Storage Center selects the largest disk, or one of them. You cannot create a disk folder without a spare.

6. Click Continue. Enter a folder name. Enter any notes (up to 255 characters).

7. It the Advanced button appears, refer to Non-Standard Storage Types on page 102.

8. Click Create Now. The Folder is created.



Deleting a Disk FolderBefore a disk folder can be deleted, it must be empty of disks. Release or delete all disks within a folder before you delete the disk folder. To release a disk, refer to Releasing Disks on page 90. To delete a disk, refer to Deleting Disks on page 91.

To delete a disk folder:

1. In the System Explorer tree, right-click on a disk folder.

2. From the shortcut menu, select Delete. System Manager asks you to confirm.

3. Click Yes to delete the folder. System Manager deletes the folder.


Non-Standard Storage TypesAdvanced folder options allow you to prepare a disk folder for non-standard Storage Types.

Redundancy

Note You can prepare a disk folder for non-standard redundancy only if your User Volume Defaults permit you to do so. Refer to Advanced User Volume Defaults on page 214.

To add an option to create a volume with non-standard redundancy:

1. Right-click a disk folder, such as Assigned.

2. From the shortcut menu, select Prepare Storage. The System Manager displays the types of storage for which this folder is primed.

3. Click Prepare for Additional Storage Type. Because additional Storage Types decrease the efficiency of Data Progression, the system warns against preparing an additional storage type.

4. Choose a redundancy level for the additional Storage Type:

• No Redundancy is only for data that is backed up elsewhere. With No Redundancy, a single disk failure causes all data on the disk to be lost.

• Dual Redundancy adds RAID 10 DM (Dual Mirror) for data that requires the maximum layer of protection. Data is written simultaneously to three separate disks. All three disks return a write acknowledgement. You must have at least six managed disks to create RAID 10 DM.

5. Click Yes (Prepare Now). The Storage Type is added to the disk folder. It is not used until a volume is created with that Storage Type.

Note When a volume is created from a disk folder that is primed for non-standard redundancy, the first window to appear in the Create Volume wizard asks you to choose a level of redundancy for this volume.

Datapage Size

Note You can prepare a disk folder for a non-standard datapage size only if your User Volume Defaults permit you to do so. Refer to Advanced User Volume Defaults on page 214.

To add an option to create a volume with a non-standard datapage size:




Non-Standard Storage Types

3. Select Redundant. Non-standard datapages can be created only for Redundant Storage.

4. Click Prepare for Additional Storage Type. Because additional Storage Types decrease the efficiency of Data Progression, the system warns against preparing an additional storage type.

5. Click Yes (Prepare Now). The System Manager asks you to select a datapage size to be used. Select the datapage size to be used. System Manager manages data differently depending upon the datapage size selected.

• 2 MB: The default datapage size, this selection is appropriate for most application needs.

• 512 KB: This datapage size is appropriate for applications with high performance needs, or environments in which Replays are taken frequently under heavy I/O. Selecting this size reduces the amount of space the System Manager can present to servers.

• 4 MB: This datapage size is appropriate for systems that use a large amount of disk space with infrequent Replays.

Caution If you are considering using either the 512 KB or 4 MB datapage setting, contact Copilot services so that system resources remain balanced and the impact on performance is considered.

6. Click Prepare Now. The datapage size is added to the disk folder. It is not used until a volume is created with that Storage Type.

7. The System Manager asks if you want to Prepare for Additional Storage Type or Close.

8. Click Close.

Modifying a Storage TypeModifying a Storage Type can lead to incomplete use of available disk space and other performance problems. Before modifying a Storage Type, contact Compellent Copilot Services.

Caution Do not modify a Storage Type without consulting with Compellent Copilots.

Removing a Storage TypeTo remove a Storage Type:



3. Select the Storage Type you want to remove, and click Remove Storage Type. The System Manager removes the Storage Type. The Prepare Storage window reappears.

4. Click Close.



5 Managing Controller Components

Introduction 106

Viewing Controller Status 107

Viewing Fibre Channel Connections 115

Viewing iSCSI Connections 120

Managing Remote iSCSI Connections 128

Rebalancing Local Ports 134


IntroductionAs a System Administrator, a primary responsibility is to monitor the health of components within a system. System Alerts notify you of a condition that you must address. A red circle over a controller icon indicates that some component within the controller needs attention.

The Alert button next to System Status at the top of the screen notifies you that a component needs attention. Click System Status to open the Alert Monitor.

Figure 66. Alert Monitor

Click on a component with a red status button to view the component that needs attention.

Note For more information about Alerts, refer to Responding to the Alert Monitor on page 144.


Viewing Controller Status

Viewing Controller StatusControllers display the status of system components.

FansTo view fan status, in the System Explorer Tree, expand Controllers to view hardware components. Click on a fan. For each of the blowers in the fan module, System Manager displays fan status and current RPM. The RPM gauge displays fan zones. The system should operate in green zone. If system is not operating in green zone, adjust ambient temperature of system. The window displays the normal minimum and maximum RPMs, and upper and lower critical and warning RPMs.

Power SuppliesTo view the status of a power supply in the System Explorer Tree, expand Controllers to view hardware components. Click on Power Supplies. System Manager displays the power supply name, if it is present, if there is a failure, and if the AC is lost.

Temperature SensorsTo view controller temp status of the sensors on the controller board, in the System Explorer Tree, expand Controllers to view hardware components. Select Temps. System Manager displays temp properties including position of the sensor, status, and current temp. The Temp Gauge displays temperature zones. The system should operate in the green zone. The window displays the normal minimum and maximum temp, and upper and lower critical and warning temperatures.

VoltageTo view voltage, in the System Explorer Tree, expand Controllers to view hardware components. Select Voltage. System Manager displays voltage properties including position of the sensor, status, and current voltage. The Voltage Gauge displays voltage zones. The system should operate in the green zone. The window displays the normal minimum and maximum voltage, and upper and lower critical and warning voltage.


Cache CardTo view controller cache card status, in the System Explorer Tree, expand controllers to view hardware components. Click on a cache card. System Manager displays cache card information.

Figure 67. Cache Card

Information includes:• Model: Storage Center displays either:

• CHA 1 or CHA 1 Z-Track, or

• CHA 2 or CHA 2 Z-Track• Cache size• Firmware version• Battery Manufacture Date• Battery Status • Battery Expire Date• Battery Expire Status

Cache card information may be required by Copilots.



Viewing General Controller InformationTo view controller information, in the System Explorer Tree, click the Controllers icon. In the main window, System Manager displays a list of controllers with the following information:• Name• Status• Local Port Condition• Leader• Controller ID• Last Boot Time

Figure 68. List of Controllers

Not all of the windows described in this chapter appear in all Storage Center systems. System Manager windows and commands depend on your system configuration. For example, if a system does not contain iSCSI cards, the iSCSI icons and windows do not appear.


Viewing Specific Controller InformationTo view general controller information, in the System Explorer Tree, expand Controllers. Select a controller. The system displays general controller information.

Figure 69. General Controller Information

General TabThe general tab contains the following information:• Name• Type• Model• Memory



• Controller ID• Version• Leader• Last Boot Time• Status• Local Port Condition• Interface• DNS Server• Domain Name

CPU PerformanceTo view CPU performance information, in the System Explorer Tree, expand Controllers. Select a controller. Click the CPU Performance tab. The CPU Performance window appears, showing percent usage.

Figure 70. CPU Performance

The system automatically retrieves statistics of the selected controller. The GUI automatically stops gathering statistics when a CPU Performance window is not opened for one hour or if your session times out before the hour has passed.


Controller BackTo view a picture of the back of the controller, in the System Explorer Tree, expand the Controllers. Select a controller. Click Back. The system displays a visual representation of the controller. Mouse over a component to view information about the component.

Figure 71. Controller Back

Controller FansTo view the location of the fans:

1. In the System Explorer Tree, expand the Controllers. Select a controller.

2. Click Fans. The system displays a visual representation of the fans.



Viewing Controller PropertiesTo view general controller properties:

1. In the System Explorer Tree, expand Controllers.

2. Right-click a Controller.

3. From the shortcut menu, select Properties. The General Properties window appears.

Figure 72. Controller General Properties

4. System Manager displays:

• Controller name: Enter a new controller name and click OK.

• Type: of component in Controller Properties window is controller.

• Local Port Condition: Can be balanced or unbalanced.

• Leader: This controller is either the leader (true) or not the leader (false). If a controller is not the leader, it is a peer.

• Controller ID: A number that identifies this Storage Center system.

• Last Boot Time: Date and time of last reboot.

5. Click OK.


IP PropertiesTo view controller IP properties:

1. In the System Explorer Tree, expand Controllers icon.

2. Right-click a Controller.

3. From the shortcut menu, select Properties. The Controller Properties window appears.

Figure 73. Controller IP Properties

4. Click the IP tab. The IP Properties window appears.

Caution In the Controller IP Properties window, the system permits you to change the Eth 0 and Eth 1 Interface, IP Address, net mask, gateway, DNS server, and Domain Name. Do not change anything in the IP Properties window without the guidance of a Copilot. Changing IP properties can result in the loss of data.

5. Click the Info tab to add notes (up to 255 characters). Click OK.


Viewing Fibre Channel Connections


FC FoldersTo view a list of Fibre Channel (FC) IO adapter cards on the controller, in the System Explorer Tree, expand controllers and IO cards to view the FC card folder. The FC status window appears.

Figure 74. FC IO Card Folder

The folder window displays:• Name• Status: up or down• Slot Type: such as PCI • Speed• Slot: Number in the controller• Slot Port: Port number• Fault Domain• Network: Whether the card is configured front end or back end.

By scrolling to the right, you can view FC IO Card Folder Usage.

Figure 75. FC IO Card Folder Usage

Information includes:• Usage: such as reserved, primary, in use, or unknown. For the front end ports shown in

Figure 74, the System Manager displays the port identified as the Primary or Reserved port.

• Device Name: Type of card• Description: Identification of the card• Worldwide Name: Unique name for this item


FC IO Card InformationTo view information for an individual FC IO Card:

1. In the System Explorer Tree, expand controllers and IO cards to view FC cards.

2. Select an FC card. The system displays General FC card information, including:

• Storage Center Name

• World Wide Name (WWN)

• Type of card

• Status: up or down

• Speed

• Fault Domain

• Network (front end or back)

• Usage (primary or secondary

• Counts: Initiator, Target, both initiator and target, and map

FC IO Card Connectivity StatusTo view the connectivity status of a FC IO card:


2. Select an FC card.

3. In the FC IO Card window, click the Connectivity tab. The FC IO card Connectivity window appears.

4. The window displays:

• WWN

• Status

• Server

• Role (initiator or target)

• Port ID

• Node Name

• Symbolic Port Name

• Symbolic Node Name

To set the update card frequency of FC card status:

1. In the FC IO Card Connectivity Status window, click the Connectivity tab.

2. From the links at the top of the FC Card Connectivity window, click Set Update Frequency.

3. Choose one of the following: Off, 5 Seconds, 30 Seconds, 1 Minute, or 5 Minutes.

The following commands appear at the top of the server connectivity window: Set Update Frequency, Find, and Scroll Setting.



FC IO Card Hardware StatusTo view the hardware status of a FC IO card:



3. In the FC IO Card window, click the Hardware tab. The FC IO card Hardware Status window appears. The location of this port is highlighted.

FC IO Card ChartsFor each FC IO card, System Manager displays:• Read and write KB per second • Total KB per second• Read and write IO per second• Total IO per second

To view FC IO Card charts:



3. In the FC IO Card window, click Charts. The FC IO Card charts appears:


FC IO Card PropertiesTo view FC IO Card Properties:


2. Right-click an FC card.

3. From the shortcut menu, select Properties. The FC IO Card Properties window appears:

Figure 76. FC IO Card Properties

The window displays:• World Wide Name (WWN)• User Alias, if any• Status (up or down)• Description, revision, firmware version• Slot type, speed, slot, slot port• Fault Domain• Counts: Initiator, Target, both Initiator and Target

Changing User AliasTo enter a user alias (port name):





3. From the shortcut menu, select Properties. The General FC Properties window appears as shown in Figure 76 on page 118.

4. Enter a user alias.

5. Click OK. The new name appears in the System tree.

Resetting User Alias to Default1. In the System Explorer Tree, expand controllers and IO cards to view FC cards.


3. From the shortcut menu, select Properties. The General FC Properties window appears shown in Figure 76 on page 118.

4. Click Reset User Alias.

5. Click OK.


Viewing iSCSI Connections

Viewing iSCSI Card FoldersTo view iSCSI cards on the system, in the System Explorer Tree, expand controllers and IO cards to view an iSCSI card folder. The system lists iSCSI cards on this controller. For each card, the system displays:• World Wide Name• Status• IP Address• Subnet mask• Gateway• Slot• Speed• Slot Port• Fault Domain• Network• Usage• Device name• Description

Viewing iSCSI Card Information1. In the System Explorer Tree, expand controllers and IO cards to view iSCSI cards.

2. Select an iSCSI card. The system displays iSCSI card information.

Figure 77. iSCSI Card Information



Information includes:• Storage Center name and World Wide Name (WWN)• type of card• description• Status: up or down• Speed • IP address, subnet mask, and Gateway IP address• iSCSI name and target alias• Fault domain (any number), network (front or back end), usage (primary or secondary)• Jumbo frames (enabled or disabled)• VLAN tagging (enabled or disabled)• Counts: Initiator, Target, both initiator and target, and map count.

Advanced iSCSI Card InformationTo view iSCSI card advanced information:

1. In the System Explorer Tree, expand controllers and IO cards to view iSCSI cards. The system displays General iSCSI card information.

2. Click Advanced. The system displays Advance information that you can enter in the IO Card Properties windows. Refer to Changing Advanced iSCSI Card Properties on page 126.

Figure 78. Advanced iSCSI Card Information

Viewing Advanced Remote Connection PropertiesTo change the advanced Remote Compellent Connection Properties:

1. In the System Explorer Tree, expand Controllers to view IO cards.


2. Select an iSCSI card. The iSCSI information window appears.

3. Click the Remote Compellent Connections tab.

4. At the top of the window, click Properties. The Properties window appears

5. Click Advanced. The Advanced Remote Compellent Connection Properties window appears.

6. Change any of the following:

• Port number

• Enable or disable data digest

• Enable or disable header digest

• Enable or disable immediate data

• Select a window size, from 16KB to 2048 KB

• Select a keep alive time-out, from 3 minutes to 18 hours

• Select a SCSI command data time-out, from 5 seconds to 18 hours

7. Click OK. The settings are changed.

Viewing iSCSI ConnectivityTo view iSCSI IO card connectivity:

1. In the System Explorer Tree, expand controllers and IO cards to view iSCSI cards. The system displays General iSCSI card information.

2. Click the Connectivity tab. The system displays iSCSI card connectivity.

3. The window includes:

• WWN

• Status (up or down)

• Server mapped to this card

• Role (Initiator or target)

• IP address

• TCP ports

• iSCSI Name

• Alias



Viewing iSCSI Card Hardware StatusTo view iSCSI adapter card hardware status:

1. In the System Explorer Tree, expand Controllers and IO Cards to view individual iSCSI cards.

2. Select an iSCSI card.

3. Click the Hardware tab. The iSCSI adapter card hardware status window appears.

Figure 79. iSCSI Hardware

4. The location of the card appears in green. The system displays:

• Description

• MAC address

• Revision

• Firmware Version

• Device Name

• Slot

• Slot Port


Mouse over the port to view card name, type, and IP address.

Figure 80. iSCSI Card Mouse Over

Viewing iSCSI ChartsTo view chart information for an iSCSI card:

1. In the System Explorer Tree, expand Controllers and IO Cards to view individual iSCSI cards.

2. Select an iSCSI card. The iSCSI card information window appears.

3. Click the Charts tab. The iSCSI KB/sec. and IO/sec. charts appear.

iSCSI Card PropertiesTo view general iSCSI card properties:

1. In the System Explorer Tree, expand controllers and IO cards to view iSCSI cards.

2. Right-click an iSCSI card.

3. From the shortcut menu, select Properties. The iSCSI IO Card Properties window appears.

4. The window displays:

• WWN

• Description


• User Alias

• IP Address, subnet mask, Gateway IP address

• Select or clear Jumbo Frames. (Refer to Enabling Jumbo Frames on page 125.)

• Select or clear VLAN taggings. (Refer to Enabling VLAN Tagging on page 125.)

Setting a User Alias

To enter a user alias, in the iSCSI IO Card General Properties window, enter a user alias or click Reset User Alias.

Adding an iSCSI Card

To add an IO card to your system, in the iSCSI IO Card General Properties window, enter an IP address, subnet mask, or gateway IP address.



Enabling Jumbo Frames

Note Jumbo Frames are only available with the QLogic QLA4052 iSCSI card.

Enabling Jumbo Frames in the Storage Center controller can enhance network throughput and reduce use of the CPU. A Jumbo Frame is 9000 bytes compared to normal size of 1500 bytes. Throughput for large file transfers, such as large multimedia or data files, is increased by enabling larger payloads per packet. Larger payloads create more efficient throughput and require fewer packets to be sent. Environments with ISCSI servers running software initiators using standard or smarter NICs receive the biggest benefit from Jumbo Frames. Enabling Jumbo Frames can speed up iSCSI performance by about 5 percent, while reducing server CPU utilization by 2 percent to 3 percent.

Jumbo Frames are recommended only for LAN environments. Because TOE (TCP off-load engine) cards or HBAs already do off-loading, the CPU savings from Jumbo Frames is minimal.

To enable Jumbo Frames:



3. From the shortcut menu, select Properties. The IO Card General Properties window appears as shown in Figure 77 on page 120. (Figure 77 is an example of an iSCSI QLogic QLA4052 iSCSI card. Other cards may not support Jumbo Frames.)

4. Select Jumbo Frames.

5. Click OK.

Enabling VLAN Tagging

Note VLAN tagging is only available with the QLogic QLA4052 iSCSI card.

A virtual local area network (VLAN) is configured on a system switch. The four prominent VLAN membership methods switches support are by port, Media Access Control (MAC) address, protocol type, and subnet address. A VLAN consists of a network of computers that behave as if connected to the same wire - even though they may actually be physically connected to different segments of a LAN. Traffic on a single physical network can be partitioned into virtual LANs by tagging each frame or packet with extra bytes to denote which virtual network the packet belongs to. Several VLANs can co-exist within such a network. This reduces the broadcast domain and aids network administration by separating logical segments of a LAN (such as ISCSI SAN traffic).

System Manager does not know or need to know how VLAN membership is configured on a switch. The Compellent ISCSI I/O port is an end station to the VLAN. VLAN can be enabled or disabled on an iSCSI port. The default is disabled.

VLANs:


• Increase the number of broadcast domains but reduce the size of each broadcast domain, which in turn reduces network traffic and increases network security (both of which are hampered in cases of single large broadcast domains).

• Reduce management effort to create subnetworks. • Reduce hardware requirement, as networks can be logically instead of physically

separated. • Increase control over multiple traffic types.

Each Storage Center iSCSI I/O card can be configured with VLAN identifier (VID). When a VID is configured, Storage Center becomes an end station in the VLAN.

Outbound

When VLAN tagging is enabled, all outbound Ethernet frames are tagged. When VLAN tagging is not enabled, all outbound Ethernet frames are untagged. If the card is plugged into a switch that has been configured with a VLAN, the switch inserts the VID into the untagged Ethernet frame.

Inbound

When VLAN tagging is enabled, all inbound Ethernet frames must be tagged and the VID must match the configured VID for that interface. If the inbound Ethernet frame does not match the configured VID, the frame is discarded. Discarding frames is called VLAN filtering. When VLAN tagging is disabled, the inbound Ethernet frame must be untagged; otherwise Ethernet frame is discarded.

To enable VLAN tagging:



3. From the shortcut menu, select Properties. The IO Card Properties window appears as shown in Figure 77 on page 120. (Figure 77 is an example of an iSCSI QLogic QLA4052 iSCSI card. Other cards may not support VLAN tagging.)

4. Select VLAN tagging.

5. Enter a VLAN ID (VID) to match the configured VID on the switch, from 1 to 4095.

6. Enter a user priority number. In the event of congestion, this gives a priority to the VLAN.

7. Click OK.

Changing Advanced iSCSI Card PropertiesTo change advanced IO card properties:



3. From the shortcut menu, select Properties. The IO Card Properties window appears.

4. Click Advanced. The Advance IO Card Properties window appears:

5. Enter any of the following:



• Port number

• Enable data digest

• Enable header digest

• Enable immediate write data

6. Select any of the following:

• Window size: from 32 to 2048 KB

• Keep alive time-out: from 5 seconds to 18 hours

• SCSI command data time-out: from 5 seconds to 18 hours

• Default time to wait: from 1 second to 10 minutes

• Default time to retain: from 1 second to 10 minutes.

7. Click OK.


Managing Remote iSCSI ConnectionsRemote systems are automatically created when a system detects FC connections to or from another Compellent system. Use the Add iSCSI Remote Compellent Connections command on both the local system and the remote system to add iSCSI connections between the systems.

Creating a Remote iSCSI ConnectionTo add a remote system via an iSCSI connection to create remote replications:


2. Right-click the iSCSI card folder.

3. From the shortcut menu, select Add iSCSI Remote Compellent Connections.

• If CHAP is not enabled, continue with the next section. • If CHAP is enabled, refer to Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) on

page 131.

If CHAP is Not Enabled

The system asks if a Network Address Translation (NAT) is configured between this system and the remote Compellent system.

If there is no NAT

1. Click No NAT. The IP Addresses window appears.

2. Enter the IP addresses of the remote system iSCSI cards.

3. Click Continue. The link speed window appears.

4. Enter the speed of the network link between this system and the remote Compellent. system: T1, T3/100 MB, Gigabit or greater.

5. (Optional) Click Advanced. The Advanced Options window appears.

6. Keep or change any of the following:

• Port number

• Enable or disable data digest

• Enable or disable header digest

• Enable or disable immediate data

• Select a window size, from 16KB to 2048 KB

• Select a keep alive time-out, from 3 minutes to 18 hours

• Select a SCSI command data time-out, from 5 seconds to 18 hours

Network Type Window Size Keep Alive Time-outT1 16 KB 3 minutesT3/100 MB 32 KB 3 minutesGigabit or greater 64 KB 10 Seconds


Managing Remote iSCSI Connections

7. Click Continue.

8. Click Add Now.

If there is NAT

1. Click Yes NAT.

2. Enter the NATed IP addresses and iSCSI Names for the remote Compellent iSCSI IO cards.

3. Click Continue. The link speed window appears. Continue with Step 4, on page 128.

Note If CHAP is enabled, refer to Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) on page 131.

Viewing Remote Compellent iSCSI ConnectionsTo view remote iSCSI Compellent connections:



3. Click the Remote Compellent Connections tab. The Remote Compellent iSCSI Connections window appears.

Figure 81. Remote Compellent iSCSI Connections

4. For iSCSI Card Remote Compellent Connections, the system displays:

• Remote System serial number

• IP address


• Status information (target up or down, initiator up or down)


• iSCSI Name (refer to Changing a Remote iSCSI Name on page 131)

• Information that is added in the Advanced window (refer to Viewing Advanced Remote Connection Properties on page 121)

• Information that is added in the Remote Connection IP address window

• Information that is added in the Remote iSCSI CHAP Secret window. Refer to Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) on page 131.

Deleting Remote Compellent ConnectionsTo delete remote Compellent connections:




4. At the top of the window, click Delete.

5. The connection is deleted.

Viewing Remote Compellent Connection PropertiesTo view Remote Compellent Connection Properties:


2. Right-click an iSCSI card. The iSCSI information window appears.


4. At the top of the window, click Properties.

Figure 82. iSCSI Card Shortcut Menu



The Remote Connection General Properties window appears.

Figure 83. Remote Compellent Connection Properties

Changing a Remote iSCSI NameTo change a remote Compellent Connection iSCSI name:

1. View properties, as described in Viewing Remote Compellent Connection Properties on page 130. Click Change iSCSI Name.

2. Enter a new name.

3. Click OK. The system warns you that this change will disrupt iSCSI traffic currently in progress. Click Yes (Save Changes). The name is changed.

Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP)Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol is an option for authentication of iSCSI communications. Not many systems use this type of authentication.

The Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) is used to periodically verify the identity of the peer using a 3-way handshake. This is done upon initial link establishment, and can be repeated anytime after the link has been established. After the Link Establishment phase is complete, the authenticator sends a challenge message to the peer. The peer responds with a value calculated using a one-way hash function. The authenticator checks the response against its own calculation of the expected hash value. If the values match, the authentication is acknowledged; otherwise the connection SHOULD be terminated. CHAP provides protection against playback attack through the use of an incrementally changing identifier and a variable challenge value. The use of repeated challenges is intended to limit the time of exposure to any single attack. The authenticator is in control of the frequency and timing of the challenges.

This authentication method depends upon a secret known only to the authenticator and that peer. The secret is not sent over the link. This method is most likely used where the same secret is easily accessed from both ends of the link. CHAP requires that the secret be available in plaintext form. To avoid sending the secret over other links in the network,


examine the challenge and response values at a central server, rather than each network access server. Otherwise, the secret should be sent to servers in a reversibly encrypted form.

The CHAP algorithm requires that the length of the secret must be at least 1 octet. The secret should be at least as large and un-guessable as a well-chosen password. Preferably, the secret must be at least the length of the hash value for the hashing algorithm chosen (16 octets for MD5). This is to ensure a sufficiently large range for the secret to provide protection against exhaustive search attacks.

The one-way hash algorithm is chosen such that it is impossible to determine the secret from the known challenge and response values.

The challenge value satisfies two criteria: uniqueness and unpredictability. Each challenge value must be unique, since repetition of a challenge value in conjunction with the same secret would permit an attacker to reply with a previously intercepted response. Since it is expected that the same secret might be used to authenticate with servers in disparate geographic regions, the challenge must exhibit global and temporal uniqueness. Each challenge value should also be unpredictable, lest an attacker trick a peer into responding to a predicted future challenge, and then use the response to masquerade as that peer to an authenticator. Although protocols such as CHAP are incapable of protecting against real-time active wiretapping attacks, generation of unique unpredictable challenges can protect against a wide range of active attacks.

Adding CHAP to an iSCSI Card

To add Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) to an iSCSI IO card:



3. From the shortcut menu, select Properties. The IO Card Properties window appears.

4. Click CHAP. The IO Card CHAP window appears with the iqn name.

5. Select or clear CHAP authentication.

6. Enter the CHAP secret name (must be 12 characters).

7. Click OK. The system warns you that adding CHAP to a card will disrupt current iSCSI traffic.

8. Click Yes (Save Changes). CHAP is added to the card.

Adding Compellent Connections if CHAP is Enabled

To establish a remote connection if CHAP is enabled on a local iSCSI card:



3. From the shortcut menu, select Add iSCSI Remote Compellent Connections.

4. The Remote Connection with CHAP window appears.

5. Enter the IP address and the iSCSI name of the remote Compellent system iSCSI IO card.



6. Click continue. The remote card CHAP authentication window appears.

7. Enter the Remote IO card secret.

8. Select or clear Perform Mutual Authentication. If selected, enter the connection secret and the remote connection secret.

9. Click Continue. The link speed window appears.

Adding Remote CHAP Initiators

To add Remote CHAP Initiators to servers attached to the Storage Center using CHAP:



3. From the shortcut menu, select Add Remote CHAP Initiators. The Add iSCSI Remote CHAP Initiators window appears.

4. Enter the CHAP name, secret, and the server secret.

5. Click Add now. The Remote CHAP Initiator is added.

Changing Remote Compellent Connections CHAP Settings

To change Remote Compellent Connection CHAP settings:




4. At the top of the window, click Properties. The Properties window appears

5. Click CHAP. The CHAP authentication window appears.

6. Select or clear CHAP Authentication Enabled. If it is enabled, enter the Remote IO card secret.

7. Select or clear Perform Mutual Authentication. If you select mutual authentication, enter the connection secret and the remote connection secret.

Deleting a Remote CHAP Initiator

To delete the Remote CHAP initiators from servers attached to the Storage Center using CHAP:



3. From the shortcut menu, select Remote CHAP Initiators.

4. At the top of the window, click Delete. The system asks you to confirm.

5. Click Yes. The CHAP Initiator is deleted.


Rebalancing Local PortsStorage Center balances data storage between controller ports. If a controller has been added or taken offline, the ports can become unbalanced. By default, the Startup wizard warns you on startup if local ports are unbalanced and asks if you want to balance them.

Figure 84. Rebalance Local Ports

Click Yes to balance local ports. To bypass this window in the future, clear the option to check for unbalanced local ports at startup.

Note System access is restricted while the rebalancing process is in progress.

To rebalance local ports:

1. In the System Explorer Tree, click the Controllers folder. The system lists the controllers and displays the local port condition as Unbalanced.

2. Right-click the Controller folder icon.

3. From the shortcut menu, select Rebalance Local Ports.

To clear the automatic reminder from System Manager to rebalance local ports, in the Rebalance Local Ports window, select or clear Check for unbalanced local ports at Startup.


6 System Management

How Storage Center Manages Storage 136

Viewing Storage Status 136

Responding to the Alert Monitor 144

Adding Space 148

Phoning Home 149

Setting Up a Storage Center System 151

Managing Dual Controllers 158

Viewing System Properties 165

Finding Unmanaged Hardware 172

Viewing the System Log 174

Viewing Background Processes 175

Shutting Down or Restarting 176

Upgrading Storage Center Software 176

Licensed Applications 177


How Storage Center Manages StorageCompellent:• Automatically monitors the amount of space used and the amount of space remaining

on a Storage Center, both as a percentage of space and an absolute value• Automatically allocates disk space for volumes to use as needed• Notifies you when remaining free space falls below predefined thresholds

Storage Center sends an Alert when additional space is required.

Note For information on viewing alerts, refer to Responding to the Alert Monitor on page 144. Alerts are emailed to the addressees defined in User Properties. Refer to Contacts on page 209.

Storage Center groups all disks in a managed Disk Folder into one common pool of storage. Volumes draw space from the common pool. Each volume simultaneously uses all of the disk drives in the shared storage pool for improved data access rates.

Figure 85. Shared Storage Pool

Note An exception to the efficient pool of storage is created when disks are assigned to a second Managed Disk Folder or volumes are created with non-standard datapage sizes or redundancy. To take full advantage of Dynamic Capacity, assign all disks to one Managed Disk Folder using standard Storage Type volumes.

Space is allocated from the shared storage pool as new volumes are created, additional data is stored on volumes, and Replays are taken and stored.

Viewing Storage StatusAs a system manager, you have a responsibility to monitor space requirements on a weekly or even daily basis, and add additional disks and enclosure as required. Storage Center provides the following reports to monitor space, including:

• Available Storage Summary

• Storage Consumption Trends

Servers

Volumes

Managed Disk Folder Pool of Storage


Viewing Storage Status

• Data Progression Pressure Reports

• Volume Distribution Reports

Available Storage SummaryThe Available Storage report displays used free space for each disk folder. (Usually there is only one.) To view the Available Storage Summary, from the Storage Center View menu (shown in Figure 6 on page 21), choose Online Storage. Click the Available Storage Summary tab. The Available Storage Summary window appears.

Figure 86. Available Storage Summary

• Total disk space (sum of all disk drives in this disk folder)• Free disk space - not allocated, not used• Allocated free space - allocated by the system to be used when needed • Space actually in use for Volume and Replay data• Overhead, including metadata about each block• Unusable bad disk sectors on disks • Warning state, when remaining free space is less than 20%• Preservation state, when remaining free space is less than 5%• Number and capacity of spares• Number of unmanaged disks attached to the system• Number of external devices attached to the system


Allocated Space

Storage Center allocates disk space based upon the configurations and IO patterns of each volume. As more space is used, Storage Center allocates additional space. When the system has no more space to allocate, it alerts you via the Alert Monitor.

Space Per Disk Folder

Disk drives managed by the Storage Center are placed within a disk folder, which is a logical grouping of physical drives with similar page sizes and redundancy. Disk folders can contain a mixture of drive types, capacities, and speeds. The total capacity of the disk folder is the sum of the capacities of the drives within the folder. Disk folders also contain spare drives, reserved to replaced a failed drive. Since the space on a spared drive is not used until another drive fails, its capacity is not included in the total capacity for the disk folder.



Storage Consumption TrendsIn addition to the amount of space consumed and available, view IO trends in the Storage Consumption Trends window. This report displays the history of storage consumption for each disk folder and each class of disk. Based on past performance, Storage Center estimates a date and time before which additional drives must be added to your system. To view Storage Consumption Trends:

1. From the Storage Center View menu (shown in Figure 6 on page 21), choose Online Storage.

2. Click the Storage Consumption Trends tab. The Storage Consumption Trends window appears, showing consumption by disk folder (Assigned) and Disk Class (10K-RPM, FCATA, SATA).

By default, Storage Center, using Data Progression, gradually migrates data down from high-end drives to be stored on lower-end drives. If a disk class is full, Storage Center writes data to the next lower class. Using Storage Profiles, you can create volumes that reside only on one disk class. For example, a volume that contains only Replays might be stored only on a lower disk tier. Estimated Empty Time is based on sampling past performance. It is a useful tool, but because it is based on past use, it may not be accurate for future use.

Data storage trends by disk class indicate which disks are getting increased use. Storage trends by disk class can help you decide which disks to add if a system needs additional space.

Figure 87. Storage Consumption Trends


Data Progression Pressure ReportsUse the Data Progression Pressure Report to make intelligent decisions on the types of disks to add to a system.

The System Manager groups disks by disk type, such as SATA, FATA, or Fibre Channel. Data Progression uses Dynamic Block Architecture to move data to performance-appropriate and cost-effective disk tiers. The Data Progression Pressure Reports window reports the way in which space is allocated and consumed across different RAID types and storage tiers for each Storage Type. To view the Data Progression Pressure Reports

1. From the View menu, select Online Storage.

2. Click the Data Progression Pressure Reports tab. The Data Progression Pressure Report appears.

Figure 88. Data Progression Pressure Reports

The Data Progression Pressure Report displays:• Space available in a disk folder, such as Assigned. Disk folders cannot share space.• Space allocated to this type of storage. • Total space allocated across all types of storage

For each tier, the Data Progression Pressure Report displays• Space available in tier. • Space allocated to this type of storage• Total space allocated from this tier across all types of storage

Click on a column head to sort data in that column. Within each Tier, the Data Progression Pressure Report displays• RAID level• Track - fast or standard



• Bar chart displaying allocated space and space consumed• Disk Allocated: Space reserved for volumes on this system• Disk Used: From the amount allocated, the amount that is in use by volumes• Moving Up: In the next Data Progression cycle, the amount that will be moved up.

Indicated in the bar chart by a green bar and up arrow.• Moving Down: In the next data progression cycle, the amount that will be moved down.

Indicated in the bar chart by an orange bar and a down arrow.• Volume Allocated: The amount of space presented for the use by volumes after RAID is

applied• Volume Used: The amount of space used by volumes after RAID is applied• The amount of space saved by moving less-accessed data to RAID 5 rather than using

RAID 10 for all data

Data Progression Pressure Reports can display data up to 30 previous days so that you can see how Data Progression has moved data between RAID types and disk tiers. To view status for a previous time period, click the pull down menu. Select a date and time.

Figure 89. Select Previous Time for Data Progression Pressure Report


Volume Distribution ReportsThe Volume Distribution Reports window displays how each volume is consuming storage space. Information includes the difference between space allocated for a volume, and the amount of space actually consumed. The volume distribution report can help you recover space by identifying logical and physical space. To view the Volume Distribution Report:

1. From the View menu (shown in Figure 6 on page 21), select Online Storage.

2. Click the Volume Distribution Report tab. The Volume Distribution Report appears.

Figure 90. Volume Distribution Report

• Server - Storage Center groups volumes by the server to which they are mapped. The row beneath each server grouping details the totals for all volumes mapped to that server.

• Name of the volume. • Defined Size is the defined logical size of the volume. • Replay Count is the number of Replays associated with the volume. The Replay count

includes the active Replay. Each volume has a Replay count of at least one, even if no manual or scheduled Replays have been taken. Volumes are attached to Replay Profiles. You may be able to recover some space by revising a Replay Profile. For more information, refer to Replay Profiles on page 28.



• Logical Space Consumed displays logical space consumed by a volume and additional space this volume is consuming because of the existence of Replays. It details growth rate trends for both the volume and the associated Replays. Because Replays contain information about changes that occurred on a volume over time, they take up some space. For example, a volume and all of its Replays might consume 10 GB of space. If all the Replays were expired, the volume would only consume 8 GB of space. In this case, the Replay overhead is 2 GB.

• Physical Space Consumed details the physical disk space consumed by a volume and all associated Replays. If this volume is a View volume related to another volume, it could be borrowing space from that volume. Borrowed space occurs when a volume shares Replay space with another volume.

To view more information about a volume, select it from the System Tree. Refer to Viewing Volume Information on page 45.


Responding to the Alert MonitorAlerts warn you when Storage Center requires attention. The current status of the Compellent Storage Center is indicated by the color of the System Status icon in the top-right corner of the System Manager software.

• Red (Critical) The System Status icon will appear red when an alert exists that has a status of Down, Critical, or Emergency. When the System Status icon is red, this indicates a condition that requires immediate attention.

• Yellow (Warning) The System Status icon is yellow when an alert exists that has a status of Degraded or Unavailable. This indicates a condition of which you should be aware, but which does not require immediate attention.

• Green (Normal) The System Status icon appears green when no alerts exist, when the only alerts that exist are to inform you. The System Status icon returns to green when all alerts higher than Inform are acknowledged.

To view the System Alert monitor, click System Status at the top of the System Explorer. The Alert Monitor view appears. Click the Alerts folder to view all alerts.

Figure 91. Alert Monitor

• Click the top of a column to sort alerts by that column, ascending or descending.• To refresh immediately, click Refresh.

Selecting an alert displays additional information about the system message.


Responding to the Alert Monitor

• To view more information about an alert, right-click an alert. From the shortcut menu, select Show object. The view displays the window that contains the most information about the Alert. For example, showing a system component displays that component in the System Explorer. Showing a Phone Home alert displays the System Log view. Selecting Show Replication object opens the Replications view. Some alerts do not have a related object to be shown. For these alerts, the Object column is blank.

• To acknowledge an alert, select Acknowledge. Acknowledging an alert acknowledges it for all users.

• Properties displays additional information. Click the Advanced tab in the Alert Properties window to display the Reference number. The Reference number may be important for communication with Compellent CoPilots.

Note Acknowledging an Alert acknowledges the Alert for all users.

Alert Category Alerts This category contains normal alerts. These alerts represent current issues present on the Compellent Storage Center. They are also being actively monitored by the system, and will clear themselves automatically should the situation that has caused them corrects itself. Once an alert of this type becomes cleared, a record that it occurred can be found under the Alert History category. Alerts in the Alert category are the only alerts that impact this system status. For more information about system status, see the System Status section below.

Indications: This category contains alerts that are for informational purposes only. These alerts exist to warn you about a condition on the Compellent Storage Center that may require direct user intervention to correct.

Maintenance This category contains any alerts that occur while the Compellent Storage Center's Operation Mode is set to Install, Maintenance, or PreProduction. This category exists to isolate these alerts from alerts that occur during normal operation.

Alert History This category contains a history of the normal alerts that appeared and were cleared automatically. This category exists to allow you to keep a record of any past conditions that have occurred on the Compellent Storage Center.

Alert Status Down Alerts with an alert status of Down indicate that an item on the Compellent Storage Center is down and not currently operational.

Critical Alerts with an alert status of Critical indicate that an item on the Compellent Storage Center is in a critical state and may be nearing failure.

Emergency Alerts with an alert status of Emergency indicate that an item on the Compellent Storage Center requires immediate attention in order to remain operational.

Degraded Alerts with an alert status of Degraded indicate that an item on the Compellent Storage Center is currently operating in a degraded mode. Items in this condition may operate in degraded mode indefinitely, but are not functioning to their full capability.

Unavailable Alerts with an alert status of Unavailable indicate that an item on the Compellent Storage Center that is expected to be present cannot currently be found for use.


Inform Alerts with an alert status of Inform provide information regarding some operation that is occurring or has occurred on the Compellent Storage Center.

Complete Alerts with an alert status of Complete indicate that an operation on the Compellent Storage Center has completed.

Alert Type Alerts occur in various types depending upon the area of the Compellent Storage Center affected. The type of the alert is indicated by the icon that appears before the alert message.

Acknowledging Alerts Alerts in the Alert and Maintenance categories can be acknowledged to indicate to the Compellent Storage Center that you have read the alert message and are aware of the problem. Once all alerts have been acknowledged, the System Status icon will return to the green (normal) state until additional alerts occur.

Deleting Alerts Alerts in the Indication and Alert History categories can be deleted. Once an alert is deleted, it cannot be recovered.

Finding More Information Many alerts are associated with items that can be monitored in other areas of the System Manager software. These items are displayed in the Object column. To see more information about one of these objects, select the alert and then select the Show... button in the Alert Monitor toolbar.

For example, if you have an alert indicating that New Volume 1 is down, you can select that alert, then select the Show New Volume 1 in System Explorer button. The System Explorer will be brought forward and New Volume 1 will be selected.

Space Warnings

Conservation Mode

Storage Center enters Conservation Mode when remaining free space reaches 32 GB (or less for systems smaller than 3.2 TB). When Storage Center enters conservation mode, the system generates a Conservation Mode Alert to inform you that the system will not allow new volumes to be created and that it will begin to aggressively expire Replays. The Conservation Alert is close to the boundary where space is exhausted to keep these actions from being performed unless necessary. Because of its proximity to the emergency threshold, it is not a tool to manage storage, and should not be used to plan adding additional disks to the system.

Emergency Mode

Emergency threshold means that the system can no longer operate because there is no more free space. Storage Center:

• Generates an Emergency Alert

• Expires Replays early


Responding to the Alert Monitor

• Will not permit new volumes to be created

• All volumes are taken offline

When Storage Center reaches the Emergency threshold, all server IO is rejected until the system gets out of Emergency Mode. Because this is service affecting, special care should be taken to monitor free space on the system to avoid reaching this threshold. Volumes will not be able to be brought back online until enough space is freed to exit the emergency state. Before a system reaches Emergency Mode, it is critical that you add space. Refer to Conservation Mode on page 146.


Adding SpaceBy monitoring data use and trends, you can anticipate when additional disks must be added to the system. Adding space includes:

• Adding Disks

• Deleting Unused Volumes

• Emptying the Recycle Bin

• Expiring Replays

• Using Enterprise Manager to recover unused space

Caution Restriping data does not free up space; it requires additional space. RAID Rebalance requires additional space to off-load data before it is restriped. Do not rebalance data if space is low.

Adding DisksThe solution to insufficient storage is to add disks or enclosures to the system.

Caution After disks are added to a system, the space may not be immediately available. Make sure that you allow enough time for the system prepare disks to be used to store data.

For information on adding disks to a system, refer to Adding Disks to a Storage Center System on page 92.

Deleting Unused VolumesYou can delete unused volumes. (An unused volume is not an empty volume.) For information about deleting unused volumes, refer to Deleting a Volume on page 33.

Emptying the Recycle BinMake sure that the Recycle Bin is empty. Space from deleted volumes is not recovered until the Recycle Bin is empty.

Expiring ReplaysYou can expire Replays that are not needed. For more information, refer to Expiring a Replay on page 246.

Enterprise Manager The Enterprise Manager Server Agent Space Recovery program finds and recovers unused disk space as reported by Windows. For more information, refer to the Enterprise Manager User Guide.


Phoning Home

Phoning Home Phone Home sends a copy of a Storage Center configuration to Compellent Copilots to enable them to support a system. The initial configuration is sent to Compellent when the Storage Center system is installed. If you have questions about your system, Phone Home to report your current configuration.

The Phone Home wizard initiates Phone Home process, and displays whether a Phone Home process is in progress. To initiate the Phone Home process, Select Phone Home Now. If you select Phone Home Now while a Phone Home process is already in progress, you will be warned and given the opportunity to restart the Phone Home process. Once the initial Phone Home process is finished, you can start another Phone Home by selecting Phone Home Now.

To Phone Home immediately, from the Storage Management menu, choose System > Phone Home > Phone Home. The Phone Home wizard displays the status of each of the items that are being phoned home. Items that are being phoned home display In Progress. Once completed, this state changes to Success if the Phone Home is successful, or Failure if the Phone Home could not be completed.

Figure 92. Phone Home

Depending upon the status of the system, some items may not be phoned home. These items display a State of Never Run. To view whether a Phone Home is currently in progress, check the State column. If any items have a state of In Progress, this means a Phone Home is currently in progress.

Phone Home NowTo Phone Home now:

1. From the Storage Management window, select System > Phone Home > Phone Home. The system displays previous Phone Home events.

2. Click Phone Home Now. System Manager informs you that Phone Home is started.

3. System Manager informs you that the log was successfully transferred.


Phone Home Now ScheduleTo view the default Phone Home schedule:

1. From the View menu, select Scheduled Events.

Figure 93. View Phone Home Schedule

The Scheduled Events window appears.

Figure 94. Scheduled Events

Configure Phone Home Proxy (Optional)If you use a proxy in your network, configure the Phone Home Proxy Server:

1. From the Storage Management window, select System > Phone Home > Configure Phone Home Proxy. The Phone Home Proxy window appears.

2. Select the Use Phone Home Proxy Server checkbox.

3. Enter the IP address of the proxy server, the port, user name, and password to be used when connecting to the proxy server. Confirm the password.

4. Click OK.


Setting Up a Storage Center System

Setting Up a Storage Center SystemThe Storage Center 4.2 Setup Guide gives instructions for installing a Storage Center system. Reapply or change installation parameters through the System > Setup commands.

Submitting a LicenseIf you add Compellent applications, or increase the number of disks licensed for your system, you may need to submit a new license. The license is emailed to you from your system provider. Save the license file to a host system. To submit a license:

1. From the Storage Management menu, choose System > Setup > Submit a License.

2. Browse to the license file, indicated by a •lic extension.

Figure 95. License File

3. Select the license file. Click Load License. System Manager notifies you if the license submission was successful.


Configuring TimeUse the Time Settings wizard to set and view:• Region• Time zone• System time• Network Time Protocol (NTP) time server address• Last time the NTP time server update was received

To set time:

1. From the Storage Management menu, select System > Setup > Configure Time. The Time Settings window appears.

Figure 96. Time Settings Window

2. Select the region and time zone for the system from the Region and Time Zone lists.

3. If a NTP time server is not available, select Configure Time Manually to set the system date and time. To use the NTP server:

a. Select Use NTP Time Server. b. Enter the IP Address or domain name of the time server. If a NTP time server was

previously configured, the Last NTP time server update field displays the time of the last update. If a NTP Server has not been entered, the Last NTP time server update field does not appear.

4. Click OK to save the changes. If a NTP time server is set, Storage Center performs a test to make sure updates are being received from the time server.



Configuring iSNS ServeriSNS is analogous to DNS. Just as DNS provides name service for servers and workstations in a LAN, an iSNS server provides name service for initiators and targets in a SAN. This makes the task of managing the storage network easier because data is centralized on a server.

The iSNS protocol facilitates automated discovery, management, and configuration of iSCSI and FC devices on a TCP/IP network. The iSNS protocol provides intelligent storage discovery and management services comparable to those found in FC networks, allowing an IP network to function in a similar capacity as a storage area network. Because of its ability to emulate FC fabric services, iSNS also facilitates a seamless integration of IP and Fibre Channel networks and manages both iSCSI and Fibre Channel devices. Using iSNS thereby provides value in a Compellent system.

To configure the Internet Storage Name Service (iSNS) for a system:

1. From the Storage Management menu, choose System > Setup > Configure iSNS. The Configure iSNS Server window appears.

Figure 97. Configure iSNS Server

2. Enter the IP address of the server.

3. Click OK.


Configuring Syslog ServerAll syslog messages have a logging facility, which is the location where messages are sent. The syslog daemon sends messages based on the configured facility. If no facility is specified, local0 is the default outgoing facility. Follow these steps to configure a syslog server and logging facility.

To configure syslog server for the system:

1. From the Storage Management menu, choose System > Setup > Configure Syslog Server. The Configure SysLog window appears.

Figure 98. Configure SysLog

2. Enter the IP address of the syslog server in the SysLog Server IP Address box.

3. From the drop-down box, choose the syslog facility to where the messages are sent.

4. Click OK to complete your actions and close the dialog box.



Configuring JRE URLThe Compellent System requires Java Runtime Environment (JRE) version 1.4.2, or later. When Storage Center System Manager is first opened, if a suitable JRE is not detected, Storage Center downloads JRE from the Compellent website. To change the download location:

1. From the Storage Center menu, select System > Setup > Configure JRE URL. The JRE URL window appears.

Figure 99. Configure JRE URL

2. Enter the URL for Java Upgrade.

3. Click OK.

Note Refer to the Compellent Release Notes for Java settings to improve GUI performance. Java is available at http://www.java.com/en/download/.


Configuring Local Ports

Note Primary and Reserved port settings are binding. For more information about slots and ports, refer to the Compellent 4.2 System Connections, Compellent Document No. 680-027-003.

To configure local ports for the system:

1. From the Storage Management menu, choose System > Setup > Configure Local Ports. The Configure Local Ports window appears.

Figure 100. Configure Local Ports

• Controller lists the name of the controller.• Slot type can be PCIE or PCIX.



• Slots are counted from right to left.• Slot ports are generally counted from bottom to top.

2. For each port on the system, select Front End or Back End in the Network box. Front end ports connect to servers and can be either iSCSI or Fibre Channel. Back end ports connect from the Storage Center controller to enclosures. (Connection to another Storage Center System can be either front or back end.)

3. Select Primary or Reserved in the Usage box. Primary ports are used for data traffic; reserved ports are used in the event of a failover.

4. Using a Fault Domain ID (such as 1 or 2) associate a Primary and Reserved port. In a single-controller system, make sure the primary port is on a different card than the reserved ports. In a dual-controller system, make sure the primary port is on a different controller than the reserved port. The fault domain ensures that if a primary port fails, data is routed to the reserved port.

5. Click Reset Defaults or Assign Now.

Note By default, the Startup wizard configures iSCSI ports as Front End. If you intend to use the iSCSI ports but want to configure them at a later time, you can leave the iSCSI ports configured as Front End. If you do not intend to use the iSCSI ports, set the Network and Usage parameters for the iSCSI ports to Unknown.

Adding an iSCSI Remote Compellent ConnectionRefer to Managing Remote iSCSI Connections on page 128.


Managing Dual ControllersThe Dynamic Controllers feature is separately licensed. Dynamic Controller commands manage a dual-controller Storage Center system. To view Dynamic Controller commands, from the Storage Management menu, select System > Setup > Multi-Controller. The Multi-Controller menu appears:

Figure 101. Multi-Controller Menu

Preparing to Join Another SystemIf a controller is replaced or added, prepare a new controller to join the existing controller. The controller being prepared is the Peer controller. The controller it is joining is the Leader. The Leader is the Mentoring controller which will configure the Peer controller. If, in the future, the Leader fails and is replaced, the current Peer controller becomes the Mentoring controller for a new controller.

Note These instructions are a guide for adding a controller. Steps to add components to an existing system vary. Consult with Compellent Copilot Services for advice or assistance when adding components to an existing system.


Managing Dual Controllers

To add a new controller to the Compellent Storage Center system:

1. From the Storage Management menu, choose System > Setup > Multi-Controller > Prepare to Join Another System. The Prepare to Join Another System window appears.

Figure 102. Prepare to Join Another System

2. Enter the Mentoring Controller ID. By default, the Mentoring Controller ID is the ID (such as 408) supplied by Compellent.

3. Enter the Eth0 IP address of the Mentoring controller. Remember, Eth0 is marked LAN 1 on the rear of the controller.

4. Click Prepare Now. The Peer controller is prepared.

Note For more detailed instructions, refer to the Compellent Storage Center 4.2 System Setup Guide.


Cancelling the Prepare to Join Another System CommandUnprepare cancels a Prepare to Join Another System command that is in process. To cancel a Prepare to Join Another System command:

1. From the Storage Management menu, choose System > Setup > Multi-Controller > Unprepare. The Unprepare window appears, asking you to confirm.

2. Click Yes. The Prepare Controller command is cancelled.

Adding a Controller to SystemAdding controllers to a system allows increased fault tolerance and the ability to divide system load across multiple controllers. All controllers in the multi-controller system must have the same physical connectivity to servers and storage enclosures to be able to share workload among them. The mentoring controller is simply the one you submit the Add Controller command from to create the multi-controller system. The Controller ID and IP Address is found by right clicking on the system root node in the explorer view and selecting the Properties option. The ability to add controllers to a system is a separately licensed feature.To add a controller that you prepared:

1. From the Storage Management menu, choose System > Setup > Multi-Controller > Add Controller to System. The Add Controller to System window appears.

Figure 103. Add Controller to System



The Controller you identify with this screen must have been Prepared to accept a Join command from this controller for this command to be successful. (Refer to Preparing to Join Another System on page 158)

Caution: All System and configuration data is lost on the Prepared controller when the Add Controller command is accepted by the Prepared controller.

2. Enter the IP Address, Net Mask, and Gateway for the Ethernet 0 and Ethernet 1 ports of a prepared controller. The hardware serial number and IP Address are listed in the Compellent CoPilot Preorder Document.

3. Enter the IP address of the DNS server, if you use one.

Note A Prepared controller only remains in a prepared state for a limited time. The Add Controller command must be submitted within 10 minutes to be accepted.

4. Click Continue. The Contact information window appears.

Figure 104. Contact Info

5. Add the name of a contact person and the system location.

6. Click Continue. The confirmation window appears.

7. If everything is accurate, click Join Now.


Rebalancing Local PortsIn a two-controller system, both controllers share the work load. But if one controller is taken off-line or fails, the second controller takes over for both. This is referred to as a failover. When a failover occurs, the Compellent System moves WWN port bindings from the failing controller to reserved ports on an active controller.

In the Startup wizard, you can enable Storage Center to check for unbalanced local ports at startup. To rebalance ports, click Yes (Rebalance). If Check for unbalanced local ports at startup is disabled:

1. From the Storage Management menu, choose System > Setup > Multi-Controller > Rebalance Local Ports.

2. Click Yes (Rebalance) to rebalance the port load and restore the original port bindings.

Configuring System Access

IP Filtering

By default, IP filtering is off, implying an Allow Any rule. Once you create an IP filter, Storage Center infers that no one has access except for the specific access granted in the IP filter. Make sure that the IP filters grant sufficient access to all System Manager users.

Caution: Be careful when using the IP filter command. If the IP filter does not permit access to Admin users, it is possible to lock yourself out of the system.

IP Filtering creates lists of access control either by user type (for example, Administrator) or specific user. If you use IP Filtering, you must use it to control all system access. IP Filtering creates an Allow Access Control List. If there is no specific allow rule, access is denied.

By default, IP filtering is off, implying an Allow Any rule. If you use network address translation (NAT) be sure to specify the IP address that is seen by the Compellent systems. It will not necessarily be the same as the local IP of the machine you use to access the Compellent system GUI.

Creating an IP Filter

To create an IP filter:

1. From the Storage Management menu, choose > System > Access > IP Filtering > Create IP Filter. System Manager notifies you if there is no current filter.

2. Click Create Filter and Continue. System Manager creates a default filter for the Admin user to allow access from the IP you are currently using. This is a safeguard to prevent you from accidentally locking yourself out of the system.

3. Do one of the following:

• To allow access to a specific user, click Specific User. A list of users appears. Click on users to be given access.

• To allow access for all users of a specified privilege level, choose All Users.



Remove an IP Filter

To remove an IP filter, from the Storage Management menu, choose System > Access > IP Filtering > Remove IP Filter. Choose from a list of filter. Click Remove.

Viewing an IP Filter

To view an current IP filters, from the Storage Management menu, choose System > Access > IP Filtering > View IP Filter. The View IP Filter window appears.

Viewing the Access Failure Window

To view access failures, from the Storage Management menu, choose System > Access > IP Filtering > Access Violation Viewer. The Access Failures window appears. Access Failures lists details of access attempts that failed.

Configuring the SNMP ServerThe Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) properties monitors Storage Center over the network using the SNMP application.

To configure an SNMP server:

1. From the Storage Management menu, choose System > Access > Configure SNMP Server. The SNMP window appears.

2. Complete the SNMP information.

Configuring a Secure ConsoleA secure console allows Compellent Support personnel to access to a Storage Center console via SSH without connecting through the serial port.

Caution: A machine used as a proxy server for Phone Home cannot be dependent upon Storage Center itself. If a proxy server is dependent on Storage Center, the system cannot Phone Home or connect via SSH as it is booting. Do not modify secure console configuration without the assistance of Compellent Copilot Services.

To configure a secure console

1. From the Storage Management menu, choose System > Access > Configure Secure Console. The system warns you not to modify the secure console without the assistance of Compellent Copilot Services.

2. If you are being assisted by Copilot services, click Continue. The Configure Secure Console window appears.

3. For additional information, contact Copilot Services.

Generating a New SSL CertificateTo generate a new SSL Certificate, from the Storage Management menu, choose System > Access > Generate New SSL Certificate. The Generate New SSL Certificate window appears.


Generate a new SSL Certificate set to match your System IP Address or DNS name. The initial certificates shipped with the Compellent System probably will not match the IP Address or DNS name assigned to your system once it is set up on your network. This means that when you connect to the Compellent system, you see a pop up message identifying a mismatch when comparing the IP Address or DNS name in the certificate, to the IP Address or DNS of the system. To correct this mismatch, enter the IP Address or DNS name of Storage Center as you refer to it in your browser. Storage Center generates a new certificate set with this IP Address or DNS name, eliminating the mismatch message when connecting.

This command closes the current connection. You must login again to the system after the new certificate is generated.

Click Generate Now to create and install the new certificates.

Resetting the License AcceptanceTo reset a license acceptance, from the Storage Management menu, choose System > Access > Reset License Acceptance. Click Yes (Reset Now).


Viewing System Properties


General System PropertiesTo view system properties, from the Storage Management menu, choose Properties > System. The General system properties window appears.

Figure 105. General System Properties

View or change:

• System name: Changing the system name doesn't have any real effect on the system - besides displaying a different name.

• Storage Center ID: The management IP address is used only for dual controller systems. It is the IP address that is used for running the system software. This IP Address is always connected to the leader. If the leader fails, the peer takes over the management IP. Thus users can use the same IP address to access the software even when the normal leader is down.

• The default mode is Normal. Changing to Maintenance or Install ignore the alerts that are created in certain circumstances. When a machine is first set up, it has a value of Install. At the end of the startup wizard the value is changed back to normal.

Click OK to save.


Selecting Storage RAIDRAID stripes data across logical units that are created by Storage Center. In a standard Storage Center system, a percentage of most-used data is storage on RAID 10 (striped and mirrored). Data that is used less is stored on RAID 5 (which uses an algorithm to rebuild data if one drive in the logical unit should fail). The stripe width determines whether the logical unit is comprised of five or nine drives. Distributing data across nine drives is marginally more efficient, but increases vulnerability. Distributing data across five drives is less efficient, but marginally decreases vulnerability.

1. From the Storage Management menu, select System > Properties.

2. Click the Storage tab. The System Storage Properties window appears. Choose between RAID 5-5, which distributes parity across five drives, or RAID 5-9, which distributes parity across nine drives.

Figure 106. System RAID Properties

Caution: Do not change the system-wide RAID level if the system is in Conservation Mode. Although it would seem logical that changing the RAID level from five drive to nine drives would free space, the system needs additional space to park data before restriping it. If you try to change the system-wide RAID level from five drives to nine drives, you will run out of free space that must sooner. If Storage Center is in Emergency Mode, you cannot change RAID level.



Setting System Cache

Note Global cache settings overwrite cache settings for individual volumes. To enable caching for some volumes and not others, enable caching system-wide. Disable caching for individual volumes. Refer to Volume Cache Properties on page 36.

To configure cache properties:

1. From the Storage Management menu, choose Properties > System. The General system properties window appears. Select the Cache tab.

Figure 107. System Cache Properties

2. Select or clear system-wide read cache. Read Cache anticipates the next Read seek and holds it in quick volatile memory, thus improving Read performance.

3. Select or clear system-wide write cache. Write Cache holds written data in volatile memory until it can be safely stored on disk. Write Cache protects in the event of a power loss.



Setting Default Disk SparesTo configure global spares, in the System Properties window:

1. From the Storage Management menu, choose Properties > System.

2. Click the Disk Sparing tab. The System Disk Sparing Properties window appears.

Figure 108. System Disk Sparing Properties

3. Enter the default number of spares per storage enclosure. This is the minimum number of disks to be selected in an enclosure when creating a disk folder before a hot spare is selected.

4. Enter the minimum disks per enclosure before auto-sparing. This is the number of disks that have to be selected in a Compellent Storage Enclosure before a hot spare is selected.




Permitting Dual-Fault Domains

Note To reduce network broadcast interference, configure Storage Center Ethernet and iSCSI ports into a separate VLAN.

On dual-controller systems, primary ports are designated for data traffic; reserved ports assume the load of data transfer in the event of a failed primary port. Reserved ports are also used for Inter-Process Communication (IPC) traffic and Replication. Fault Domains group primary and reserved front end ports to one another. The primary and reserved ports are assigned the same Fault Domain ID (an arbitrary number) to designate where traffic will be moved in the event of a failover or rebalance. Refer to Configuring Local Ports on page 156.

In most cases, volumes are mapped to ports in the same fault domain. With multi-pathing, volumes can be mapped to ports in more than one fault domain.

Note Make sure that the server has software, such as MPIO, to manage multi-pathing.

To permit multi-pathing:

1. From the Storage Management menu, choose Properties > System.

2. Click the Mapping tab. The Mapping Properties window appears.

Figure 109. System Mapping Properties

3. Select Properties.The System Properties window appears.

4. Click the Mapping tab. The Mapping properties window appears.

5. To permit volumes to be mapped to ports in more than one fault domain, enable multiple fault domains.


6. Click OK.

Configuring SMTPSimple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is a protocol for sending email messages between servers. Storage Center uses SMTP to send automated emails to an administrators account when management is required. To configure SMTP:

1. From the Storage Management menu, choose System > Setup > Configure SMTP. The SMTP window appears.

Figure 110. Configure SMTP

2. Enter the IP address or fully-qualified domain name of the SMTP mail server in the SMTP Mail Server box.

3. Enter the IP address or fully-qualified domain name of the backup SMTP mail server in the Backup SMTP Mail Server box.

4. Enter the email address of the sender in the Sender E-mail Address (MAIL FROM) box, and a common subject line for all emails from Storage Center in the Common Subject Line box.

5. Configure use of extended hello for mail system compatibility. Instead of beginning the session with the HELO command, the receiving host issues the EHLO command. Most SMTP mail systems support ESMTP.

6. Check the Use Authorized Login (AUTH LOGIN) and complete the Login ID and Password boxes if the email system requires the use of an authorized login.

7. Click OK to complete your actions and close the dialog box.



8. Configure use of extended hello for mail system compatibility. Instead of beginning the session with the HELO command, the receiving host issues the HELO command. If the sending host accepts this command, the receiving host then sends it a list of SMTP extensions it understands, and the sending host then knows which SMTP extensions it can use to communicate with the receiving host.Implementing ESMTP requires no modification of the SMTP configuration of either the client or the mail server. Most modern SMTP mail systems support ESMTP.

9. Enter authorized login User ID and password.

10.Test server.

11.To add notes (up to 255 characters), click the Info tab.

12.Click OK to save changes.


Finding Unmanaged HardwareTo find unmanaged hardware, from the Storage Management menu, choose System > Find Unmanaged Hardware. System Manager displays the Unmanaged Hardware window.

Figure 111. Unmanaged Hardware

Classifying a Disk as External Device: 1. Click Classify Disks as External. The Classify Disks as external window appears.

Figure 112. Classify Disks as External


Finding Unmanaged Hardware

2. Select disks to classify disks as external. For example, you may have disks from a heritage system that you can replicate to or from.

3. Click Continue. A Name window appears for each disk you selected.

Figure 113. Name External Device

4. Enter a name to identify each External Device.

5. Click Classify Now. If you selected more than one disk to classify as an external device, the Name External Device window reappears. When all disks have been classified as external and named, the Unmanaged Hardware window, shown in Figure 111 on page 172, reappears. The system adds an External Disk folder to the disk folder tree.

Figure 114. System Tree with External Disk Folder


Once the disk is classified as an external device, you can:• Restore Volume from External Device• Load Volume from External Device• Delete

Managing Unassigned DisksFor instructions on managing unmanaged disks, refer to Managing Unassigned Disks on page 93.

Creating a ServerFor instructions on creating servers, refer to Creating a Server on page 65.

Checking for Unmanaged Hardware at StartupTo check for unmanaged hardware at startup, in the Unmanaged Hardware window, shown in Unmanaged Hardware on page 172, select Check for Unmanaged Hardware at Startup.

Viewing the System LogThe System Log is a record of all status messages from the system. To view the system log

1. From the View menu, choose System Log. The Filter Log Messages window appears.

2. Use the filter log menu to filter the content of the log to be retrieved. Choose from the following:

• Data and time between which to view logs

• Message level greater than, lesser than, or equal to a Warning, Configuration, or Debug

• In a multi-controller system, name of controller

• Subsystem

• Select or clear to display system level messages.

3. Click OK.


Viewing Background Processes

Viewing Background ProcessesMany Storage Center tasks, such as Replications, and Data Progression, run as background processes. Monitor and manage these processes from the Background Processes view by selecting Background process from the View menu.

Figure 115. Background Processes

For each background process, the System Manager displays:• Background process state• Name• Tag• Priority• Progress• Progress Message• Extra information• Start Time• Completion Time• Controller on which the background process is being run


Shutting Down or RestartingYou cannot shutdown until all controllers are in the Up state.The system ensures that the system shuts down elegantly. To shut down the system:

1. From the from the Storage Management menu, select System > Shutdown/Restart.

Figure 116. Shutdown/Restart Menu

To restart a system:

1. From the from the Storage Management menu, select System > Shutdown/Restart.

2. For a dual-controller system, choose Restart in Sequence or Restart Simultaneously.

• Restart in Sequence does not cause a system outage. Storage Center shuts down the first controller, and then restarts the first controller. When the first controller is up, Storage Center shuts down and restarts the second controller. Ports will be unbalanced and System Manager will ask you to re-balance the ports.

• Restart Simultaneously shuts both controllers down simultaneously and then brings them back on line. This causes a system outage. When the controllers are restarted, they may or may not be unbalanced.

Upgrading Storage Center SoftwareFor information on upgrading Storage Center Software, refer to Storage Center 4.5 Software Upgrade.


Licensed Applications

Licensed ApplicationsTo view Storage Center applications licensed for this system, from the Help menu, select Licensed Features. The Licensed Features window appears.

Figure 117. Licensed Features

New features can be licensed by clicking on the link.



7 Managing Enclosure Components

Introduction 180

Viewing All Enclosures 181

Viewing an Individual Enclosure 182

Viewing Enclosure Component Status 189

Racks 196


IntroductionStorage Center hardware consists of two functionally and physically separate components: controllers and enclosures. Controllers are described in


Viewing All Enclosures

Viewing All EnclosuresTo view enclosure information, in the System Explorer Tree, select Enclosures. The Enclosure window appears.

Figure 118. Enclosure Information

Storage Center lists enclosures attached to the Storage Center system with the following information:

• Name

• Index (number used by Copilots to assist with component identification)

• Shelf ID

• Status, up or down

• Status description (frequently blank)

• Indicator (on or off) refer to

• Logical ID

• Enclosure type

• Model

• Revision

• A and B Side Firmware

• If the enclosure is split

• Unrecoverable, critical, and non-critical condition as yes or no

• Non-Critical Condition


Viewing an Individual Enclosure

General DisplayTo view general information for an individual enclosure:

1. In the System Tree expand the Enclosure Tree. A list of Enclosures appears.

2. Select an enclosure. The General Enclosure window appears:

Figure 119. Enclosure General Window

In addition to the information shown in Figure 118 on page 181, the Enclosure General window displays the Model Number and the enclosure condition. To view more information about a condition, click the System Status button at the top of the window for Alerts. Refer to Responding to the Alert Monitor on page 144.



Physical DisplayTo view a physical display:

1. In the System Tree, click on an enclosure.

2. Select the Physical Display tab. The enclosure appears.

Figure 120. Enclosure Physical Display


Identifying Enclosures and DisksThe Indicator light is a toggle that can be turned on and off. To turn an indicator light on:

1. In the System Tree, right-click an enclosure.

2. From the shortcut menu, select Indicator On or Indicator Off.

3. The Physical Display window shows that the indicator light is on.

Figure 121. Enclosure Indicator Light

The enclosure indicator light lights up every disk in the enclosure. To turn the indicator light on just one disk:

1. Expand the System Tree to view enclosures.

2. In the Enclosures folder, select a disk.

3. Click the Indicator light. The light on that disk appears.

Renaming an Enclosure To change the name of an enclosure:

1. In the System Explorer Tree, expand Enclosures.

2. Right-click an enclosure.

3. From the shortcut menu, select Properties. The Enclosure Properties window appears.

4. Enter a name in the User Alias field.

5. Click OK. The enclosure name is changed.



Removing an EnclosureYou cannot remove an active enclosure unless it is down or offline. If an enclosure is down or offline:

1. In the System Explorer Tree, expand Enclosures.

2. Right-click an enclosure.

3. From the shortcut menu, select Delete. The enclosure is deleted from the system.

Viewing Back End LoopsTo view enclosure connectivity, from the View menu, choose Enclosure Connectivity. The Back End Loops window appears.

Figure 122. Enclosure Connectivity

For back end loops, the Enclosure Connectivity window displays:• Name: System Manager assigns Loop 1, Loop 2, Loop 3, etc.• Originating controller• Port on the originating controller• Connected controller• Port on the connected controller• Whether or not the loop is crossed


Click on the Topology tab to view a map of the system loops.

Figure 123. Enclosure Connectivity Topology



Viewing a Single LoopIn the Enclosure Connectivity view, select an individual loop.

Figure 124. Enclosure Connectivity Individual Loop

Scroll to the right to view more information. For each loop, the Enclosure Connectivity window displays• Name of controllers connected to the enclosures• Local port for each controller on this loop• Port Count• Whether the loop is crossed (true is the loop is crossed, false if the loop is not crossed)• Name of each enclosure on this loop• Index• Shelf ID• Status• If the status is down, a description of why the enclosure is down• Whether the indicator light is one or off• Logical ID of the enclosure• Enclosure type, such as an SBOD or JBOD• Enclosure model number • Model revision number• A side firmware• B side firmware• Whether the enclosure is split or not


In the Enclosure Connectivity view, click the topology tab to view individual loop topology.

Figure 125. Enclosure Connectivity Individual Loop Topology


Viewing Enclosure Component Status


DisksThis chapter deals with physical status of disks. For logical information about disks refer to Disks on page 85. To view a list of disks:

1. In the System Explorer Tree, expand Enclosures. Expand an individual enclosure to view components.

2. Select Disks. Storage Center displays a list of the slots in the enclosure.

Figure 126. Physical Disk

3. Slots can be empty, in which case the status is Not Installed. For disks that Storage Center recognizes, it displays:

• Status

• Status Description

• Fault Sensed: on or off

• Indicator: on or off

• Swap Detected

• Vendor

• Product

• Port ID


• Bypass A Side: enabled or disabled

• Bypass B Side: enabled or disabled

To view status information for just one disk, in the System Explorer Tree, expand Enclosures to view an individual disk. Select a disk. Storage Center displays general status and location.

Figure 127. Disk Physical Information

Status can be green (good), red (failed), or gray (no disk). To identify the physical location of a disk:

1. In the System Explorer Tree, expand Enclosures to view individual disks.


3. From the shortcut menu, select Indicator On.

Storage Center displays an amber light on the graphical user interface. Also, the front of the physical drive shows a blinking amber light. To turn the indicator light off:

1. In the System Explorer Tree, expand Enclosures to view individual disks.


3. From the shortcut menu, select Indicator Off.



Power SuppliesTo view a list of power supplies, in the System Explorer Tree, expand the Enclosures icon to view Power Supplies. To view power supply location as viewed from the back of the enclosure n the System Explorer Tree, expand Enclosures to view power supplies. Select a power supply. The hardware in the enclosure reports an under-voltage to Storage Center so that you can be informed that the DC voltage was under a threshold set by the manufacturer. To clear the flag, select Request Undervoltage Clear.

Figure 128. Power Supplies

Storage Center System Manager list the power supplies and displays the following information:

• Name• Status• Swap Detected• AC failure, DC failure• DC over- and under voltage• Failure• High Temp Warn• High Temp Fail


IO ModulesTo list IO module properties, in the System Explorer Tree, expand Enclosures to view the IO Modules folder. Storage Center displays a list of IO modules with name, position, status, and swap detected. To view IO module location, in the System Explorer Tree, expand Enclosures to view an individual IO module. The IO Module is emphasized in green. If there is a fault, the IO module is red.

Figure 129. IO Module



Cooling Fan SensorsTo view cooling sensor, in the System Explorer Tree, expand Enclosures to view Cooling Fan Sensors. Storage Center displays a list of cooling sensors with the name, position, location, status, fan speed, and swap detected. To view fan sensor location, select a fan sensor.

Figure 130. Cooling Fan Sensor


Temperature SensorsTo view temperature sensors, in the System Explorer Tree expand Enclosures to view Temperature sensors.

Figure 131. Temperature Sensors

Storage Center displays:

• Name

• Status

• Swap Detected

• Temperature Gauge

• Temperature

• Minimum temperature

• Minimum time

• Maximum temperature

• Maximum time

To view current temperature range, select a temperature sensor. To clear minimum and maximum temp history, select Request Min/Max Temps Clear.



Audible AlarmsTo view audible alarms, expand Enclosures to view Audible Alarms. Storage Center displays the audible alarm.

• Request Mute On causes the alarm to sound if there is a component failure.

• Request Mute Off mutes the alarm. It will not sound in the event of failure.

Universal Power Supply (UPS)

Add UPS to Storage Center

A universal power supply (UPS) is not a component of the Storage Center system. Storage Center power supplies run power through it. By adding the UPS IP address to Storage Center, the system reports the status of the UPS. In the event of a power failure, the UPS supplies power to the Storage Center system.To add the address of a UPS so that Storage Center can report its status:

1. In the System Explorer Tree, right-click UPS.

2. From the shortcut menu, select Create New UPS. The Create UPS window appears.

3. Enter the IP address on the network of the UPS to register. This tells the Compellent system to accept messages from this UPS. You can create up to 16 UPS entries on the Compellent System for the APC brand of UPS devices.

Note You must also configure the UPS to point to the Compellent System. On Single Controller Systems, point to the Eth0 IP address. On Dual Controller systems, point to the Management IP address.


View UPS Status

To view UPS status, in the System Explorer Tree, select a UPS.Storage Center displays:

• Name

• IP address

• Status

• Battery life

• Model number

• Serial Number

• Last Update (the last time the system polled the device)


Racks

Creating a RackThe Rack utility shows the placement of the Compellent components. The Rack is displays only, but helps to identify the location of components.

To view the Compellent rack, in the System Explorer Tree, select Racks. Storage Center displays a rack with the location of Storage Center components.

Create Rack

To create a rack:

1. In the System Explorer tree, click Racks.The Create Rack window appears.

Figure 132. Create Rack

2. Enter a name, foreign device URL, and rack size.


Racks

3. Click Continue. The Build Rack window appears, listing the components in your system.

Figure 133. Build Rack

4. Select an item. Click Add to Rack. Move it up or down as required.

5. Click Save Rack, or if necessary, click Create New Device. The Create Device window opens.

Figure 134. Create New Device


6. Select a device of the appropriate size. Remember, you are not creating a server in this window; you are merely creating a picture of a system.

7. Click Continue. The Create Generic Container window appears listing additional components in your system.

Figure 135. Create Generic Container

8. Select a component.

9. Click Continue. The Identify Generic Container appears.

Figure 136. Identify Generic Container

10.Enter an URL or IP number.


Racks

11.Click Return. The new device (in this case, a server) appears in the build rack window.

Figure 137. New Device in Build Rack Window

12.Add the new device to the rack.

13.Click Save Rack. The rack now appears in the System Tree.

Figure 138. View Rack in System Tree


Adding or Removing Racked ItemsTo add or remove items in a rack:

1. In the System Explorer Tree, select Racks.

2. Right-click a rack to view the Rack shortcut menu.

3. Select Add/Remove Racked Items. The Add/Remove Racked Items window appears,.

4. Select components to add or remove. Move items up and down as required. Create a new device as required. When you are through, select Save Rack.

Rack PropertiesTo view rack properties:



3. Select Properties. Storage Center displays the rack name and Foreign Device URL (if this is a foreign device).

Removing a Rack from System DisplayTo delete the rack view from the system



3. Select Remove Rack. Storage Center asks you to confirm.

4. Click Yes to delete the rack configuration.


8 Users and Groups

Introduction 202

User Privilege Levels 203

Viewing Users 204

Changing User Properties 208

Configuring User Volume Defaults 212

Changing User Privileges 217

Managing User Groups 218


IntroductionThe purpose of users and user groups is to permit or restrict access to folders, volumes, views, and commands. Access is granted or denied to a user group. Users have access to folders, volumes, and views, depending on their privilege level and the groups to which they belong.


User Privilege Levels

User Privilege LevelsStorage Center has three levels of user privilege:

Administrative UserAdmin users have read and write access to the entire Storage Center system. Only Admin users can create and delete other users and groups. Admin users have access to all users and groups — there is no restriction on their access.

Note By default, one Administrative user is created when Storage Center is installed. The default User Name of the initial user is Admin; the default password is mmm.

Volume ManagersVolume Managers create, delete, and control volumes to which they were given access by an Admin user. When creating a volume, a Volume Manager is presented with volume defaults.

ReportersReporters have read-only access to volumes to which they were given access by an Admin user.


Viewing UsersTo view users on a system, in the System Explorer click Users. The window displays a list of users.

Figure 139. List of Users

The list displays:• User name• If the user is enabled• Level of privilege• Full name of user• Groups to which user belongs

Note Because an Admin user has full privileges, he or she is not restricted to any group.


Viewing Users

To view general information about an individual user, click on the user in the Explorer tree.

Figure 140. General User Information

General User Information includes:• Name of user• Index (identification required by Copilots)• Type of object - in this case, user• Enabled, yes or no: (An administrator can disable a user without deleting the user. A

disables user cannot log onto the system.)• Privileges: Admin, Volume Manager, or Reporter• User groups to which this user belongs: Users can belong to more than one group• Language: Currently, English• Session timeout


User identification, including:• Name• Department• Title• Location• Business phone• Mobile phone• Home phone• Up to three email addresses• Date user was created and by whom• Date user was updated and by whom

Creating a UserYou must have Administrator privileges to create a user. To create a user:

1. In System Explorer, right-click on the Users icon.

2. From the shortcut menu, choose Create User. The Create User window appears.

Figure 141. Create User

3. Enter a user name and the full name of the user.

4. Choose a privilege level for this user. Refer to User Privilege Levels on page 203.

5. Select a Session Timeout for this user.



Viewing Users

7. Click Continue. The User email window appears.

8. Enter up to three email addresses. These fields are optional.

9. Test the email by clicking Send test email. SMTP must be configured before you can send emails.

Caution If this user is to be notified of critical system alerts, make sure you test the email.

10.Click Continue. The contact information appears.

11.Enter user’s department, title, location, and telephone numbers. These fields are optional.

12.Click Continue.

13.Enter and re-enter a password for this user. A password is required.

14.Click Continue.

15.Select User Group. (This step is required only if you are creating a non-Administrator User. Admin users do not belong to any User Group.) If a User Group exists on this system, select a User Group. If a User Group has not been created, click Create User Group. Refer to Creating a User Group on page 219.

16.Click Continue. The system displays the attributes you entered.

17.Click Create Now.

Deleting a User

Caution Once a user is deleted, that user name cannot be reused.

To delete a user, you must have Administrator privileges.

1. In the System Explorer, expand the Users icon to view all users and groups.

2. Right-click a user.

3. From the shortcut menu, select Delete. The system asks you to confirm.

4. Click Yes. The user is deleted.


Changing User PropertiesTo view or change properties for any user, you must be an Administrative user. If you are a Volume Manager or Reporter, you can change your own properties but you cannot change properties for anyone else.

General User PropertiesTo view or change general user properties:


2. Right-click a user. From the shortcut menu, select Properties. The General User Properties window appears.

Figure 142. User Properties

3. To change user name, privileges, or session timeout, enter changes. A user with Administrative privileges has access to all user groups. A user with Volume Manager or Reporter privileges may be restricted to a user group.

4. Clear Enabled to deny a user access to the system. A user must be enabled to log into the system.

Caution A user who is disabled cannot log in. If you disable yourself, you will not be able to log in again. If all users are disabled, no one will be able to log in to change the restriction. Everyone, including you, will be locked out of the system.

5. Click OK.


Changing User Properties

ContactsTo view or change user contact information:


2. Right-click a user. From the shortcut menu, select Properties.

3. Click the Contact tab. View or change any of the fields.

Figure 143. User Contact Properties

4. To send a test email, click test email next to an address. (SMTP must be configured to user system Email.)

5. Click OK.


Changing User ViewsTo change views to which a user has access:


2. Right-click on a User.


4. Click the Tabs tab. Storage Center displays a list of Views to which this user has access.

Figure 144. User Viewing Properties

Note (For more information about Views, refer to View Menu on page 21.)

5. Select or clear views to which this user has access.

6. Enable Save tab changes across sessions to ensure that the Tab Setting remains after the user logs off the system.


8. Click OK.


Changing User Properties

Changing User PasswordTo change a password for another user, you must have administrator privileges. If you have Volume Manager or Reporter privileges, you can change your own password, but you cannot change the password of another user. To change a password:

1. Expand the Users icon to view users.


3. From the shortcut menu, select Change User Password. The Change User Password window appears.

4. Enter and re-enter a password.

5. Click OK. The password is changed.


Configuring User Volume DefaultsUser Defaults affect all levels of users, Administrative, Volume Manager, and Reporter.• Administrative User can always view the Configure User Volume Defaults and change

any default. • Volume Manager can only change volume defaults if an administrator enables Allow

User to Modify Preferences. If this is checked in the General Volume Defaults window, Volume Managers can change their own volume default preferences. If this option is unchecked, the Volume Manager does not have the option to change default preferences.

• Reporter cannot create volumes. This window does not appear for a Reporter.

There are three different User Volume Default commands. Though the windows are similar, each command has a different purpose:• My User Volume Defaults• Other User Volume Defaults• New User Volume Defaults

My User Volume DefaultsAs an administrative user, you can always change your own user defaults. This affects the the way in which you create volumes. To streamline the process of creating volumes, you can set defaults for yourself.

If you are a Volume Manager, you can change your volume defaults only if an administrative user enables you to change your defaults in the General Volume Default window. If this option is enabled for you, you can streamline the process of creating volumes by setting Create Volume defaults.

Other User Volume DefaultsIf you are an administrative user, you can select one or more current users and change their user volume defaults. If you change an Administrator’s volume defaults, when that user logs into a system, the defaults you enabled appear as an initial configuration. That Administrative user can, of course, change these defaults.

As an administrative user, if you disable the option to change create volume defaults for a Volume Manager, that volume manager will not be able to change Create Volume defaults. Specifically, if you disable the option to change these defaults and Advanced Create Volume options are disabled, a Volume Manager will not be able to select non-standard options.

New User Volume DefaultsNew user volume defaults apply to users that will be created in the future. This streamlines the process of creating users. If you create Volume Managers and by default disable their ability to change their user volume defaults, they will not be able to change create volume defaults.

Administrative users will be created with New User Volume Defaults, but they can always changes these defaults.

New User Volume Defaults are only for new users; defaults are not retroactive.


Configuring User Volume Defaults

General User Volume DefaultsTo configure volume defaults for a current user:

1. Expand the Users icon to view users.


3. From the shortcut menu, select Configure User Volume Defaults.

Or, to configure your volume defaults, in the main System Explorer window shown in Figure 1 on page 17, select Configure My Volume Defaults. The General Configure User Volume Defaults window appears.

Figure 145. General Configure User Volume Defaults

4. Set these defaults:

• Select or clear Allow User to Modify Preferences to permit or disallow a user to change his or her defaults. All users with Administrative privileges can permit or disallow all other users to modify preferences, including their own. If the user has Volume Manager privileges, clearing this field prevent a Volume Manager user from changing other options in the User Volume Defaults window.

• Select a disk folder. Select or clear Allow Changes to indicate whether disk folder options are presented to the User when he or she creates a volume.

• Select Caching options. Select or clear Allow Changes to indicate which caching options are presented to the User when he or she creates a volume.


5. Enter the cache settings for this volume. Cache settings are set universally for the system as described in Selecting Storage RAID on page 166. If caching is disabled for the system, you can enable it for a volume but it will not do any good. However, if cache settings are enabled for the system, you can enable it for an individual volume. Click Change System Cache Setting to enable system cache settings.

6. Select or clear Show block size option in volume wizards.

7. Enter a default Base Volume Name.


Advanced User Volume Defaults

Caution Changing Advanced Volume Defaults can affect adversely the performance of the Compellent Storage Center. Compellent strongly recommends that you do not change Advanced Volume Defaults.

To change Advanced User Defaults, in the Configure User Volume Defaults window, click the Advanced tab. The Advanced User Volume Defaults window appears. • Deselecting Only Use Standard Redundant Storage permits a user to choose non-

standard redundancy. Deselecting Only Use Standard 2MB datapage size permits a user to chose non-standard datapage sizes. Non-standard Storage Types are described in Non-Standard Storage Types on page 102.

• For information on the Allow Storage Profile selection and Default Storage Profile options, refer to Storage Profiles on page 305.


Configuring User Volume Defaults

Replay Volume DefaultsTo change Replay defaults:

1. From the Storage Management menu, choose Volume > Configure My Volume Defaults. The General Configure User Volume Defaults window appears.

2. Click Replay. The Replay default window appears.

Figure 146. Replay User Volume Defaults

3. Select one of the following:

• Never schedule Replays during volume creation.

• Always prompt for Replay scheduling during volume creation.

• Always use the Default Replay Profile to schedule Replays for new volumes.

4. Select a default Replay Profile for this User.

5. Enter or clear a Minimum Allowed Replay Interval. This prevents a naive users from overloading the system with Replays.


Mapping Volume Defaults1. From the Storage Management menu, choose Volume > Configure My Volume

Defaults. The General Configure User Volume Defaults window appears.

2. Make sure that Allow User to Modify Preferences is enabled. Select Mapping. The Mapping default window appears.

Figure 147. Configure User Volume Mapping Defaults

3. Set these defaults:

• Check Always accept suggested mappings to enforce default mapping.

• Check Automatically map volumes to default server to speed the Create Volume procedure. If Automatically Map Volume to Default Server is selected, choose a server.

4. Click OK.


Changing User Privileges

Changing User Privileges

Downgrading User PrivilegesTo downgrade a user, you must delete the User and re-create the User with a new name.

1. Select a User.

2. From the Storage Management menu, choose User > Delete User.

3. Re-create the user with downgraded privileges and a new user name. From the Storage Management menu, choose User > Create User. Refer to Creating a User on page 206.

Note You cannot recreate a user with downgraded privileges with the same user name.

Upgrading User PrivilegesTo upgrade a user:

1. Select a user from the item tree on the left of the System Explorer view.

2. From the shortcut menu, choose Properties.

3. In the Privileges field, select an upgraded privilege level.

4. Click OK.


Managing User GroupsAdministrator users have access to all files folders on the system.

The scope and control of a Volume Manager or Reporter is limited through the use of the user groups to which the user has access. For Volume Managers, User Groups restrict:• Access and visibility to volumes, servers, and disk folders• Default values used when a Volume Manager creates a volume

User Groups can give a Volume Manager or Reporter the impression that they are the only users of the Compellent System; these users can only see the volumes, servers, and disk folders made available to them. Control access to volumes, server, and disks by restricting access to folders.

Caution User groups are restrictive. By adding a user to a user group, you are thereby restricting the user from all other user groups.

User groups to which a user has access appear in the General User window.

Figure 148. General User Information

User Groups


Managing User Groups

Creating a User GroupUser groups have access to some volume, server, and disk folders.

1. To create a new group, from the Storage Management menu, choose User > Manage User Groups. The Manage User Groups window appears, displaying current user groups.

Figure 149. Manage User Groups

2. Click New Group. The Select Volume Folder window appears, listing available volume folders.

Figure 150. Select Volume Folder


3. Select a volume folder for this user group or create a new one. To create a new volume folder, click Create a New Folder. (Refer to Creating a Volume Folder on page 38. If you create a new folder, the Manage User Group window reappears.))

4. Include or exclude subfolders.

5. Click Next. The Select Server Folder window appears.

Figure 151. Select Server Folder

6. Select a server folder for this user group or create a new one. To create a new server folder, click Create a New Folder. (Refer to Creating a Server Folder on page 66. If you create a new folder, the Manage User Group window reappears.)

7. Include or exclude subfolders.

8. Click Next. The Select Disk Folder window appears.

Figure 152. Select Disk Folder



9. Select a disk folder.

10.Click Next. The User Group Name appears.

Figure 153. User Group Name

11.Enter a name or accept the default.

12.Click Create Now. The new group appears in the Manage User Groups window.

13.Click Close.

Modifying User GroupTo modify a user group:

1. From the Storage Management menu, choose User > Manage User Groups. The Manage User Groups window appears, displaying current user groups.

2. From the list of user groups, select a group.

3. Click Modify Group. The Modify User Group window appears.

Figure 154. Update User Groups


4. Choose from the following:

• Renaming User Group on page 222

• Adding Folder to User Group on page 222

• Removing Folder from User Group on page 222

• Removing Subfolder from a User Group on page 223

Renaming User Group

To Rename a User Group:

1. In the Update User Group window, click Rename. The User Group Name window appears, as shown in Figure 153 on page 221.

2. Enter the new name.

3. Click Rename Now. The Update User Groups window shown in Figure 154 on page 221 reappears.

4. Click Return. The Manage User Groups window shown in Figure 149 on page 219 reappears.

5. Click Close.

Removing Folder from User Group

To remove a folder from a user group, thereby denying access to that folder to users who are member of that group:

1. In the Update User Groups window shown in Figure 154 on page 221, select a folder or subfolder.

2. Click Remove Folder. The folder is immediately removed.

3. When you are through managing this group, click Return. The Manage User Groups window reappears with a list of user groups.

4. Click Close.

Caution A user who has access to more than one group may still have access to the folder you removed from this group.

Adding Folder to User Group

To add folders to a user group, giving access to users who are a member of that group:

1. In the Update User Group window shown in Figure 154 on page 221, click Add Folder. The Add Folder window appears.

2. Select one of the following:

• Add Volume Folder: Storage Center displays a list of volume folders. Select a volume folder. Include or exclude subfolders. Click Add Now.

• Add Server Folder: Storage Center displays a list of server folders. Select a server folder. Include or exclude subfolders. Click Add Now.



• Add Disk Folder: Storage Center displays a list of disk folders. Select a disk folder. Click Add Now.

3. The Update User Group window reappears. Click Return.

4. The Manage User Groups window reappears. Click Close.

Removing Subfolder from a User Group

To remove a subfolder from a user group, thereby denying access to that subfolder to users who are member of that group:

1. In the Update User Groups window shown in Figure 154 on page 221, select a subfolder.

2. Click Remove from Sub Folders. The subfolder is immediately removed.

3. When you are through managing this group, click Return. The Manage User Groups window reappears with a list of user groups.

4. Click Close.

Caution A user who has access to more than one group may still have access to the subfolder you removed from this group.

Deleting a User GroupTo delete user groups:

1. From the Storage Management menu, choose Groups. The Manage User Groups window appears, displaying current user groups.

2. Click Delete Group. The group is deleted.

3. Click Close to return to the main window.

Adding a User to a User GroupYou cannot add a user group to an Administrator User because, by definition, the Administrator has access to all folders. User groups are added to existing users to allow access to folders contained in that user group. To add a user group:

1. From the Storage Management menu, choose User > Add User Groups. The Add User Groups window appears, displaying current users.

2. Select a user. Click Continue.

3. The Add User Group to User window appears.

4. Select a user group to add to this user.

5. Click Continue. The user is added to the group. The window closes.

Removing a User from a User GroupTo remove a user from a user group:

1. From the Storage Management menu, choose User > Remove User Groups. The


Remove User Groups window appears, displaying current users.

2. Select a user from which to remove the user group.

3. Click Continue. The Remove User Groups window appears with a list of groups for this user.

4. Select a group from which to remove the user.

5. Click Continue. The user is removed from the selected group.


9 Data Instant Replay

Introduction 226

Viewing Replay Profiles 227

Creating a Replay Profile 230

Modifying a Replay Profile 238

Deleting a Replay Profile 240

Applying Replay Profiles to Volumes 241

Managing Replays 244

Managing View Volumes 255

Upgrading Replays from Previous Replay Templates 258


IntroductionData Instant Replay is a separately licensed Storage Center application.

A Replay is a point-in-time-copy of a volume to provide fast recovery from hazards such as viruses, power outages, hardware failure, or human error. Restoring a Replay can recover lost data or revert the volume to a previous point in time.

Storage Center uses Replay Profiles to make Replays easier and more automatic. A Replay Profile is a collection of rules describing how often a Replay is taken and when, and how long it will be saved. A Replay Profile can contain multiple rules. Once a profile is created, it is applied to one or more volumes.

An important change in Storage Center Replay Profiles is that, once a Replay Profile is attached to a volume, subsequent changes to the Replay Profile are retroactively applied to all volumes using this Replay Profile. Changes to the rules for taking a Replay only affect Replays taken in the future. Changes to the rules for expiring Replays go into effect immediately for all volumes using this profile.


Viewing Replay Profiles

Viewing Replay ProfilesTo view the default profiles:

1. Expand the System Explorer tree to view Storage > Replays. A list of Replay Profiles appears.

Figure 155. List of Replay Profiles

All systems come with two default Replay Profiles. These Replay Profiles are listed as created by the System. Profiles created by the System cannot be modified nor deleted.


To view the rules for a Replay Profile, in the System Explorer Tree select a Replay Profile. The Replay Profile rules appear.

Figure 156. Default Replay Profile Rules

The default Daily Replay Profile schedules a Replay once a day at 12:01 AM. Every Replay created by this Profile will expire in one week (unless it is expired prematurely. Refer to Expiring a Replay on page 246.)


Viewing Replay Profiles

Replay Profiles can include multiple Replay schedules.

Figure 157. Replay Profile Sample

The default Sample Replay Profile schedules Replays:

• Weekly on Saturday at 11:30 PM. These Replays expire after five weeks.

• Daily every 12 hours between 12:05 AM and 6:00 PM. These Replays expire after five days.

• Monthly on the first day of the month at 11:30 PM. These Replays expire after 26 weeks.


Creating a Replay ProfileA Replay Profile enables you to set Replay rules, and apply them to volumes. To create a Replay Profile:

1. Expand the System Explorer Tree to view Storage > Replay Profiles.

2. Right-click the Replay Profile folder.

3. From the shortcut menu, select Create Replay Profile. The Create Replay Profile window appears.

Figure 158. Create Replay Profile

4. Enter a Replay Profile name or accept the default. Enter any notes (up to 255 characters).


Creating a Replay Profile

5. Click Add Rule. The Schedule Type window appears.

Figure 159. Schedule Type

6. From the Schedule Type list, select a Schedule Type:

• Once

• Daily

• Weekly

• Monthly


Once In the Schedule Type list, choose Once for a one-time Replay Profile.

1. Enter a start date and time when the Replay will be taken. Click the down arrow to view a calendar.

Figure 160. Select Start Date

2. Enter a time period in minutes, hours, days, or weeks after which Replay will expire.

3. Click Continue. The wizard displays the schedule and Expiration for this rule.

4. Enter a name or accept the default. Enter any notes (up to 255 characters).

5. Finish or modify the Profile.

• To create the Profile, click Create Now. The Replay Profile appears in the list of Profiles. Only one Replay is taken.

• To add a rule to this Profile, click Add Rule. The Schedule Type window reappears. Add another rule.

• To modify the current rule, click Modify Rule. The Schedule Once window reappears.

• To delete this rule, click Delete Rule. The rule is deleted.



Daily In the Schedule Type list, select daily for a Daily Replay Profile.

1. Choose a time for a Daily Replay Profile: either once a day at a chosen time, or every so often.

Once a Day

a. Click in the Hour or Minute field. Select the up or down arrows to scroll to the hour and minute when this Replay will be taken.

Figure 161. Select Hour and Minute

b. Click in the AM/PM field. Click the up or down arrows to select AM or PM.

Selected Daily Time Period

a. Enter a time interval in hours or minutes.b. To restrict Daily Replay Profiles, select the hours between which this Replay is taken.

Figure 162. Select Time Interval

2. Enter an expiration interval in minutes, hours, days, or when this Replay will expire.

3. Click Continue.

4. Enter a name or accept the default. Enter any notes (up to 255 characters).





• To modify the current rule, click Modify Rule. The Schedule Daily window reappears.


Weekly In the Schedule Type list, choose Weekly. The Weekly Schedule Type appears:

Figure 163. Weekly Schedule Type

To schedule Replay Profiles on a particular day:

1. Select one or more days of the week.

2. Either choose a time each day for a Replay, or an interval. (Refer to Daily on page 233.) If you choose an interval, limit the number of Replays by choosing the hours during which Replays will be taken.

3. Chose an expiration interval in minutes, hours, days, or weeks after which this Replay expires.

4. Click Continue. The wizard displays the schedule and lifetime for this rule.






• To modify the current rule, click Modify Rule. Schedule Weekly window reappears.


MonthlyIn the Schedule Type list, choose Monthly.

Monthly Per Day

To schedule Replays per day of the month:

1. Click the red Days tab. The Monthly Day Schedule appears:

Figure 164. Select Day

2. Select one or more days of the week to schedule this Replay.

3. Select one or more weeks of the month to schedule this Replay.


Date

To schedule Replays on selected dates:

1. Click the blue Date tab. Days of the month appear.

Figure 165. Select Date

2. Select one or more dates to schedule Replays.

3. Either choose a time each day for a Replay, or an interval. If you choose an interval, you can limit the number of Replays by choosing the hours during which Replays will be taken. Refer to Daily on page 233.

4. To limit the number of months during which this Replay is taken:

a. Click Select Months. Click one or more months.

Figure 166. Select Months

b. Chose an expiration interval after which this Replay will be deleted.c. Click OK.

5. Click Add New Rule. The wizard displays the schedule and lifetime for this Replay.






• To modify the current rule, click Modify Rule. The Schedule Monthly window reappears.


Configuring Replay Profile Volume DefaultsReplay Profile Volume Defaults are set per user. Refer to Replay Volume Defaults on page 215.


Modifying a Replay ProfileModifying a Replay Profile affects all volumes attached to the Replay Profile. Replays that have already been taken are not affected. Replays that are scheduled to be taken via the rules in this Replay Profile are affected. Replays that have not yet expired are affected if the expiration rule is changed.

Adding Rules to a Replay ProfileTo add rules to a Replay:

1. Right-click a Replay Profile.

2. From the shortcut menu, select Modify. The Modify Replay Profile window appears.

Figure 167. Modify Replay Profile.

3. Click Add Rule. The Schedule Type appears, as shown in Figure 159 on page 231.

4. Choose a Schedule Type.

5. Follow the steps described in Creating a Replay Profile on page 230.

6. Click Continue. The Modify Replay Profile window reappears.

7. Click Apply Changes. The Rule is added to the Replay Profile. The Replay Profile is modified. The new rule appears in the Replay Profile window.


Modifying a Replay Profile

Modifying a RuleTo modify a rule in a Replay Profile:


2. From the shortcut menu, select Modify. The Modify Replay Profile window appears, as shown in Figure 167 on page 238.

3. Select a Rule in the Replay Profile.

4. Click Modify Rule.

5. The Schedule Type appears, as shown in Figure 159 on page 231.

6. Choose the same or a new Schedule Type.

7. Follow the steps described in Creating a Replay Profile on page 230.

8. When the Rule is modified, click Continue. The Modify Replay Profile window reappears.

9. Click Apply Changes. The Replay Profile is modified. The changed rule appears in the Replay Profile window.

Removing a Rule from a Replay ProfileTo remove a rule from a Profile:



3. Select a Rule in the Replay Profile.

4. Click Remove Rule. The Rule no longer appears in the Schedule Rules of the Replay Profile.

5. Click Apply Changes. The System Manager removes the rule.

6. The Replay Profile window reappears, showing that the Rule is deleted.

Renaming a Replay ProfileRenaming a Replay Profile does not change rules in a profile. To rename a Profile:



3. In the Name field, enter a new name.

4. Click Apply Changes. The Replay Profile window reappears, showing the new Replay Profile name.


Deleting a Replay ProfileTo delete a Replay Profile:

1. Expand the System Explorer Tree to view Storage > Replay Profiles folder.

2. Right-click a Replay Profile. From the shortcut menu, select Delete.

3. The System Manager asks you to confirm.

4. Click Yes. The profile is deleted.

Note Profiles created by the system cannot be deleted.


Applying Replay Profiles to Volumes

Applying Replay Profiles to VolumesTo apply a profile to existing volumes:

1. Expand the System Explorer Tree to view a Replay Profile.

2. From the shortcut menu, select Apply to Volumes. The Apply Replay Profile window appears, listing volumes. Expand volume folders, if necessary.

Figure 168. Apply Replay Profiles

3. Select volumes to which to apply the profile.

4. Select or clear Replace Existing Replay Profiles. Remember, multiple Replay Profiles can be applied to a volume.

5. Click Continue. The Apply Profile Confirmation window appears.

6. Click Apply Now.

Note Subsequent changes to the Replay Profile will be retroactively applied to all volumes using this Replay Profile. Changes to the rules for taking a Replay only affect Replays taken in the future. Changes to the rules for expiring Replays go into effect immediately for all volumes using this profile.


Viewing Volumes Attached to a Replay ProfileTo view volumes attached to a Replay Profile:

1. In the System Explorer Tree, select a Replay Profile.

2. In the Profile window, click the Volumes tab. The System Manager displays all volumes attached to this profile. Click Refresh to get the latest information.

To change the Replay Profiles attached to selected volumes:

1. Using the Shift or Ctrl key, select one or more Volumes.

Figure 169. Configure Profiles for Selected Volumes

2. From the shortcut menu, select Configure Data Instant Replay.


Applying Replay Profiles to Volumes

The System Manager displays all Replay Profiles.

Figure 170. Configure Replays for Selected Volumes

3. Choose profiles to attach to the selected volumes. Rules for each Replay Profile you chose appear in the Schedule frame.

4. Click Save Configuration to apply Profiles to the volumes or click Create a New Replay Profile. (Refer to Creating a Replay Profile on page 230).


Managing ReplaysA Replay can re-create a previous version of a volume.

Viewing Replays Attached to a VolumeTo view a list of Replays for a volume:

1. In the System Explorer Tree, expand the Storage folder to view individual volumes.

2. Select a volume.

3. Click the Replays tab.

4. A list of Replays for that volume is displayed.

Figure 171. Volume Replay Properties


Managing Replays

Viewing Replay InformationTo view Replay properties:

1. Expand the System Explorer Tree to view individual volumes.

2. Select a Volume. The system displays general volume information.

3. Click the Replays tab. Storage Center displays a list of Replays for that volume.

4. From the list of Replays, right-click on a specific Replay.

5. From the shortcut menu, select Properties. The Replay Properties window appears.

Figure 172. Replay Properties

6. If you change expiration time or description, click OK.

Deleting a ReplayDeleting a Replay is the same as Expiring a Replay. For more information, refer to Expiring a Replay on page 246.


Expiring a ReplayYou can pause and resume Replay creation and expiration for individual volumes, or for the entire system.To immediately expire a Replay for a volume:

1. Select a volume from the System Explorer Tree.

2. In the Volume Information window shown in Figure 24 on page 46, select the Replays tab. A list of unexpired Replays for that volume appears.

3. Select a Replay.

Figure 173. Expire a Replay

4. Click Expire. Storage Center asks you to confirm.

5. Click Yes. The Replay is deleted. This may take a few minutes, depending on the size of the Replay.

Pausing Replays across the SystemTo suspend all Replays across the entire system:

1. From the Storage Management menu, choose Volume > Replay > Pause Replay Creation. The Pause Replay Creation window appears. Pausing Replay creation disables both manual and scheduled Replay creation for all volumes on the system.

2. If you are sure you want to disable Replays, click Continue. Replays are disabled. While Pause Replay is enabled, no Replays are taken for all volumes in the system.

Resuming Paused ReplaysWhen Replays are paused, the Storage Management menu changes. To resume Replays, from the Storage Management menu, choose Volume > Replay > Resume Replay Creation.


Managing Replays

Cleaning Up Orphaned Replay HistoriesVolume histories can become orphaned when the process of deleting a volume is interrupted. When a volume history becomes orphaned, the disk space it consumes is not released and cannot be used by other volumes. Eliminate orphaned histories to free up disk space for other volumes.

To eliminate orphaned Replay histories:

1. From the Storage Management menu, choose Volume > Clean Up Orphaned Replay Histories. The Clean Up Orphaned Replay Histories window appears with a list of orphaned Replays. The System Manager asks you if you want to delete the orphaned Volume Histories.

2. Click OK. The orphaned volume histories are deleted.

Viewing Replay HistoryTo view Replay history:

1. In the System Explorer Tree, expand the Volumes folder to view individual volumes.

2. Select a volume. The Volume Information window appears as shown in Figure 24 on page 46.

3. Click Replays. The Replay window displays any Replay Profiles associated with this volume. Click the Replay tab. (The Replay tab only appears if Replays are scheduled for this volume.) The System Manager displays a list of Replays with the time and date taken.

Figure 174. Replay History


Replay Key:

The method by which a Replay is created is indicated by the Replay icon. A Replay can be created:

Setting the Replay Display To change the information displayed:

1. In the Replay window shown in Figure 171 on page 244, click Set Display Field. The Set Display Field menu appears.

Figure 175. Set Display Menu

2. Choose from:

• Freeze Time

• Expire Time

• Replay Size

• Replay Description

This indicates … That a Replay was created …

Through a user by selecting a volume. From the shortcut menu, select Replay > Create Replay.

Automatically from a Replay Profile.

From an external application, such as Microsoft VSS.

Through a Replication from a remote system.


Managing Replays

Freeze Time

To display the time the Replays were taken, from the Set Display Menu shown in Figure 175 on page 248, choose Freeze Time. Notice that all Replays appear in the past.

Figure 176. View Replays by Freeze Time


Expire Time

To display the time Replays will expire, from the Set Display Field menu shown in Figure 175 on page 248, choose Expire Time. Select Refresh. Notice that all Replays appear in the future.

Figure 177. View Replays by Expiration Time


Managing Replays

Replay Size

To display the amount of storage space each Replay takes, from the Set Display Field menu shown in Figure 175 on page 248, choose Replay Size. Select Refresh. The size of each Replay appears.

Figure 178. View Replay Size


Replay Description

To view the rules that created each Replay, from the Set Display Field menu shown in Figure 175 on page 248, choose Description. The rule appears for every Replay. In Figure 179, notice that the rule changed before the last Replay was taken.

Figure 179. View Replay Description


Managing Replays

Viewing Volume Replay CalendarTo view a volume Replay Calendar schedule:

1. In the System Explorer window, select a volume.

2. Click the Replay Calendar tab. Storage Center displays the Replay calendar. Replays are color-coded.

Figure 180. Replay Calendar

3. Click Previous Month and Next Month to view previous or projected months. Click the arrows to the right of the schedule to change the color of the Replay schedule bar graph.


Creating an Immediate ReplayAlthough you can create an immediate Replay, Replays are best used by creating a Replay Profile, attaching it to a volume, and letting Storage Center save backup data for volumes periodically. Refer to Creating a Replay Profile on page 230. To create an immediate Replay:

1. Expand the System Explorer Tree to view Volumes > individual Volumes.


3. From the shortcut menu, select Replay > Create Replay.

4. Enter an expiration interval and a description of this Replay.

5. Click Create Now. A Replay is taken.

6. Select the volume. Click Replays. The new Replay appears in the list of Replays for that volume.


Managing View Volumes

Managing View VolumesA Replay is a point-in-time copy of a volume.

Creating a View VolumeTo recreate a volume from a previous point-in-time copy:


2. Select a volume.

3. Click the Replay tab. A list of Replays for that volume appears.

4. Right-click a Replay.

5. Select Local Recovery.

Figure 181. Select Local Recovery


The Local Recovery window appears.

Figure 182. Local Recovery Window


7. Click Create View. Compellent creates a recovered volume. The Map Volume to Server window appears. Mapping allows you to access this volume.

Figure 183. Select Server for View Volume

Note Data cannot be accessed in a view volume (or, indeed, any volume) until it is mapped to a server.

8. Click Continue. (For information on creating a new server, refer to Creating a Server on page 65.)



9. The mapping window appears, similar to Figure 16 on page 31.

10.Click Continue. The System Manager asks you to confirm the mapping, similar to Figure 16 on page 31

11.Click Create Now. The System Manager informs you that the View volume has been created and mapped to a server.

Note A Replay with multiple children cannot be coalesced on a system.

12.Click Return. The list of Replays now includes any View Volumes you created.

Figure 184. List of View Volumes

13.Notice that an unmapped volume is indicated by a gray volume icon. A mapped volume is indicated by a blue volume icon.

Deleting a View VolumeDelete a View Volume as you would any volume:

1. Right-click the volume.

2. From the shortcut menu, select Delete. Storage Center asks you to confirm.

3. Click Yes. Storage Center moves the volume to the Recycle Bin.

Note You can recover the View Volume until the Recycle Bin is emptied, as described in Viewing the Recycle Bin on page 62.


Upgrading Replays from Previous Replay TemplatesIf you upgrade from a previous version of Storage Center, former Replay Templates are automatically converted to Replay Profiles. These upgraded Replay Profiles are listed as created by the System Root User. There will be no change to Volume Replay schedules.

Figure 185. Viewing Replay Profiles

Changes made to a Replay Profile affect all volumes to which that Profile is attached.


10Remote Instant Replay

Introduction 260

Understanding Synchronous and Asynchronous 261

Establishing Physical Connectivity 263

Creating Quality of Service (QoS) Definitions 265

Viewing QoS Definitions 270

Changing Replication Properties 276

Creating Replications 280

Viewing Replications 285

Managing View Volumes 287

Estimating Bandwidth 289

Viewing Replication Info 290


Introduction

Note For Customers using Storage Center Replay Manager 3.0 for Microsoft Servers: Storage Center 4.2 causes replicated Replays to expire on a remote Storage Center system at the same time they expire on the local Storage Center. This eliminates the need for the reconciliation script developed for Replay Manager 3.0.

Synchronous and Asynchronous Remote Instant Replay copies volume Replays to remote systems. Storage Center presents two means of creating Remote Instant Replays:• The most efficient means is through Enterprise Manager. Enterprise Manager is a

separately-licensed application that manages and monitors multiple Storage Center systems. It greatly simplifies Remote Instant Replay.

• You can also create a Remote Instant Replay through a Storage Center system. The procedure, described in this chapter involves:a. Establishing connectivity to a remote Storage Center system. Refer to Managing

Remote iSCSI Connections on page 128.b. Allow replications to and from the remote system.c. Create a Quality of Service (QoS) definition to schedule replications.d. (Optional) Simulate a replication so that you can gauge the impact replications will

have on a system.e. Select a volume or volumes to replicate. f. Choose to replicate a volume to an external device and maintain updates (mirror) or

not maintain updates (copy).

Keep in mind:• Replicating System is the system initiating replication. Data moves from a Replicating

System.• The Remote Compellent Connection is the system receiving replication data.

A Storage Center system can replicate volumes to a remote system and simultaneously be the target of replication from a remote system.

Caution Although remote replication is an integral part of a Disaster Recover Plan, it is not the whole plan. Make sure you have a Disaster Recovery Plan in place to determine the most appropriate strategies to mitigate threats or disasters and to recover access to data. Storage Center


Understanding Synchronous and Asynchronous

Understanding Synchronous and Asynchronous

Synchronous ReplicationSynchronous replication makes sure that a write is successfully written to the remote system before returning a Successful Completion command to the server IO request. The Compellent Storage Center does not acknowledge completion of the write-back to the Server until both the write IO to the local volume and the IO sent to the remote system are complete. This means both the replicating volume and the replicated volume are fully synchronized - there is no data loss in the event of a failure on the local system. Replays, including Data Instant Replays and Remote Instant Replays that are taken on the Replicating System are not copied to the Remote system. Typically Synchronous replication is used only to load storage from other vendors, or to enable immediate remote volume availability during Disaster Recovery.

If connectivity is lost between the Replicating System and the Remote Connection system, the entire data volume must be re-copied to ensure all data is present and accounted for in both locations. This also means historical instant Replay information will not be available from the replicated volume.

Asynchronous ReplicationAsynchronous replication acknowledges a write IO back to the server as soon as it has been completed on the local system. The write IO is also queued for delivery to the Remote system. This allows for more efficient link utilization and data transfer optimization. It also means that in the event of a local failure, writes present on the local system may not be present on the remote system.

Note When doing Async replication, you have the option to Replicate the active Replay. If you do not specify this option and no Replays have been taken, replication does not begin to replicate data until the first Replay is taken. (Until that time all data resides in the Active Replay.) Not selecting to replicate active volumes is appropriate for volumes that have little change activity and are not mission critical.

If a volume does not already have a Replay, replication does not begin until after the first Replay is complete. An active Replay cannot be replicated.

Asynchronous Replication and Data Instant ReplayAsynchronous replication uses Data Instant Replay to create checkpoints between the local volume and the replicated volume. A Replay created on the Replicating System is sent intact to the Remote Connection system.

Replay checkpoints serve as re-synchronization points, reducing the amount of data that needs to be transferred from the local system to the remote system in the event of a communication failure between the Replicating System and the Remote Connection system.

Replay checkpoints copied to the Remote Connection system also serve as remote recovery points in the event the data must be recovered from the Remote Connection system.


Data Instant Replays are scheduled regularly on the Replicating (local) System as described in Data Instant Replay on page 225. Specifying Replay schedules on the Remote Connection system is not recommended; they are provided by the schedule on the Replicating System.

Before you replicate a volume, make sure of the following:• Define a remote system to replicate to. • Make sure that replications are allowed to or from the remote system. • Make sure there is at least one volume on the remote system to replicate to. The remote

volume must be of equal or greater size than the volume you are replicating.


Establishing Physical Connectivity

Establishing Physical ConnectivityBoth the Replicating System and the Remote Connection system must have front end port visibility for the desired replication type. These ports may be in the form of iSCSI or FC depending on the connectivity choice.

WWN visibility of the front-end ports on controllers between the Remote Connection and Replicating Systems must include both Primary and Reserved ports (from dual controller systems) to withstand failovers. Replication messaging uses any and all connections between the systems; however, only Primary ports carry replication data to the Remote Connection system.

Remote FC cards are automatically recognized. Remote iSCSI cards are added via the Add iSCSI Remote Compellent Connections wizard, described in Managing Remote iSCSI Connections on page 128.

Viewing Server ConnectivityTo view WWNs on the Remote Connection system, from the View menu, select Server Connectivity. The Server Connectivity window appears as shown in Figure 54 on page 80. Remote systems are indicated by the Compellent logo.

Creating a Server on the Remote Connection systemWhen connectivity has been established, from the Storage Management menu, select System > Find Unmanaged Hardware. The System Manager presents unmanaged WWNs and defines the Replicating System Server on the Remote Connection system. If the Replicating System is a dual controller, include all visible Front End Primary WWN ports in the Server Definition. This applies to both FC and iSCSI.


Allow Replications to/from Remote SystemsTo allow Replications to and from remote system:

1. From the Storage Management menu, select System > Setup > Allow Replications to/from Remote Systems. The Allow Replications to/from Remote Systems window appears.

Figure 186. Allow Replications to/from Remote Systems

2. Select Allowed for each system you want to Replicate to or from.

3. Click OK.

Disallowing Replications Between Compellent SystemsBy default, Compellent Systems accept replications from other Compellent Systems. If the systems can see each other via FC or configured iSCSI connectivity, you are allowed to define replications between them (if properly licensed).

To disallow replications between systems:

1. From the Storage Management menu, select Volume > Replication > Allow Replications to/from Remote Systems. The Remote System window appears.

2. From the pull-down menu, select Not Allowed.

3. Click OK.


Creating Quality of Service (QoS) Definitions

Creating Quality of Service (QoS) DefinitionsBefore you create replications, define a QoS Node to choose a link speed and the amount of bandwidth that replications are allowed to use between the systems.

To define a QoS:

1. From the Storage Management menu, select Volume > Replication > Manage Replication QoS Definitions. The Manage Replication QoS Definitions window appears with a list of current QoS definitions.

Figure 187. Manage Replication QoS Definitions

2. Click New. The New QoS Definitions window appears.

Figure 188. Define Link Speed


3. Select a link speed that most closely represents your link or select Other to enter the appropriate link speed. The link speed is used to size and utilize replication link resources to the remote system. This setting defines link attributes only.

4. If you have more than one link to the remote system, enter that number. This adjusts the maximum bandwidth allowed without changing the communication link settings. This setting distributes link resources.

Figure 189. Number of Links

5. Click Continue. The system asks if you want to perform bandwidth limiting. Bandwidth limiting incurs additional overhead on the system and is inherently less bandwidth efficient; therefore, use of limiting is recommended only for cases where the link is truly shared with other traffic.

• For replications to use all of the bandwidth on the link at all times, click No. If you click No, the Name QoS window appears. Continue with Step 6, below.



• Click Yes to create a bandwidth limit schedule. The Bandwidth Limiting window appears.

Figure 190. Bandwidth Limiting Window

a. Click and drag the mouse pointer down and to the right to select hours.


b. Right-click to select a percentage bandwidth limit.

Figure 191. Select Percentage Bandwidth Limit

c. Release the mouse.



The system shows the percentage you selected and the hours bandwidth will be limited.

Figure 192. Bandwidth Hours and Percentage

6. Click Continue. The Name QoS definition window appears.

Figure 193. Name QoS Definition

7. Name the replicated volume so that the QoS object is self-evident.

8. Click Create Now. The QoS is created.


Viewing QoS DefinitionsTo view QoS definitions:

1. In the System Explorer Tree, expand Remote Systems to view the QoS Definitions Folder. A list of QoS Definitions appear.

Figure 194. List of QoS Definitions

2. Select a QoS Definition.


Viewing QoS Definitions

The General QoS window appears

Figure 195. General QoS Window

The General QoS Definition window displays:• Name of the QoS• Defined link speed• Number of possible IOs per second• Number of possible KBs per second• Date created and by whom• Date updated and by whom

To view bandwidth limit, click Limit. A window similar to Figure 193 on page 269 appears.


To view Advanced information, click Advanced. The QoS Advanced window appears.

Figure 196. Advanced QoS Information

The Advanced window displays:• Global maximum sectors per IO• Global maximum number of IOs• Global maximum number of sectors• Destination maximum number of IOs• Destination maximum number of sectors• Maximum IOs per Queue Pass• Maximum Sectors per Queue Pass• Minimum Percent Limit



To view the QoS proposed balance between the local and remote controllers, click Balance.

Figure 197. QoS Balance


To view Replications that are using this QoS definition, click Replications.The system manager displays Replications using this QoS.

Figure 198. Replications Using a Selected QoS

QoS Replications display:

• Replication name

• Source volume

• Whether replication is up or down

• Name of the remote system

• Percent synced

• Size in GB and blocks remaining to be replicated

• Time of current replay or Active

• Whether or not the active Replay is being replicated

• Whether Deduplication is allowed

• Name of the QoS definition



From the list of Replications using a QoS, select a Replication. From the shortcut menu:

1. Set the update frequency. The current update frequency is indicated by a green cross.

Figure 199. Set Update Frequency for Viewing Replications

2. Find a Replication by searching for a term within the display.

Figure 200. Find

3. Set the scroll properties. The current scroll properties are indicated by a green cross.

Figure 201. Set Scroll Properties


Changing Replication PropertiesTo change Replication General properties, including:

• Name of Replication

• Name of QoS Definition used for this Replication

• Replicate Active Reply

• Deduplication

1. Select a Replication.

2. From the shortcut menu, select Properties. A Properties shortcut menu appears.

Figure 202. Properties Shortcut Menu

3. Select Replication. The General Replication Properties window appears.

Figure 203. General Replication Properties

4. In the General Replication Properties window, make appropriate changes.


Changing Replication Properties

Changing Replicated Volume FolderTo change the folder in which the Replicated volume resides:

1. Select a Replication

2. From the shortcut menu, select Folder. A list of folders appears.

Figure 204. List of Folders

3. Select a new folder to move the Replicated volume to.

4. Click OK.

To change notes for a Replication, click Notes. Add or change notes. Click OK.

Changing Source Volume PropertiesTo change Source Volume Properties:

1. Select a Replication.


3. From the menu shown in Figure 202 on page 276, select Source Volume.

4. The General Volume properties window appears as shown in Figure 18 on page 35.

5. To change Volume properties, refer to Changing Volume Properties on page 35. When you close the Volume Properties window, the Replication is no longer selected; the source volume appears selected in the menu tree.


Changing QoS Definition PropertiesTo change QoS properties:

1. In the System Explorer Tree, expand Remote Systems to view QoS Definitions.

2. Right-click an individual QoS definition.

3. From the QoS shortcut menu, select Properties. The General QoS Properties window appears.

Figure 205. General QoS Properties

4. Change any of the following:

• QoS name

• Link speed

• Number of links


Changing Replication Properties

Changing Advanced QoS PropertiesTo change Advanced QoS Definition Properties:

1. In the System Explorer Tree, expand Remote Systems to view QoS Definitions.

2. Right-click an individual QoS definition.

3. From the QoS shortcut menu, select Properties. The General QoS Properties window appears.

4. Click the Advanced tab. Advanced QoS Definition Properties appear.

Figure 206. Advanced QoS Properties

Caution Advanced QoS Properties can only be modified under the guidance of a Compellent Copilot.

Click Notes to change or add QoS Property notes.


Creating Replications

Creating a Simulated ReplicationSimulated replications determine an optimal balance of volumes, Replay schedules, bandwidth schedules, and recovery.

To create a simulated replication:

1. From the Explorer tree, choose a volume. Make sure that it is Replay Enabled (which means that a replay is scheduled for this volume and at least one replay was taken.)

Figure 207. Replay-enabled Volume

Replay Enabled



2. From the shortcut menu, select Replicate to Simulation.

Figure 208. Replicate Volume Menu

The Replicate to Simulation window appears.

Figure 209. Replicate to Simulation Window


3. Select either Asynchronous or Synchronous. Refer to Understanding Synchronous and Asynchronous on page 261.

4. Choose a QoS definition. Refer to Creating Quality of Service (QoS) Definitions on page 265.

5. Select or clear Replicate Active Replay.

6. Select or clear Skip Initial Synchronization.

7. Select or clear Deduplication.

8. Click Continue.The System Manager asks you to confirm.

Figure 210. Confirm Replication Simulation

9. To view the simulated progress, select the volume. Click the Replication tab.



The Replication window appears.

Figure 211. View Simulated Replication

A remote system in not applicable because this is not a real simulation. The Progress Details inform you of the Copy/Mirror/Migrate State, the percentage synched, and the number of blocks to transfer.

Creating a Mirrored ReplicationTo Replicate a volume to an external device and maintain updates (Mirror):

1. Select a volume to Replicate. From the shortcut menu shown in Figure 208 on page 281, select Replicate Volume to External Device and Maintain Updates (Mirror). The Replicate Volume to External Device window appears.

2. Expand systems and volume folders to view all volumes. Select a remote volume or external device disk to Replicate to.

3. Click Continue.

4. Select options. Choose the Sync Mode: Either Asynchronous or Synchronous. Refer to Understanding Synchronous and Asynchronous on page 261.

5. Choose a QoS definition or create a new QoS definition. Refer to Creating Quality of Service (QoS) Definitions on page 265.

6. Select or clear to replicate the current, active Replay.

7. Select or clear Deduplication. Selecting Deduplication copies only changes to Replays.


8. Click Continue. If the remote volume does not have a Data Instant Replay schedule, Storage Center asks you to create one. Click Continue.

9. Storage Center displays the replication information. Click Replicate Now. The replication is created.

Creating a Copy ReplicationTo Replicate a volume to external device and not maintain updates (Copy):

1. From the Storage Management window, select Volume > Replication > Replicate Volume > Replicate Volume to an External Device (Copy). The Replicate Volume to External Device window appears.

2. Expand volumes and volume folders to view all volumes to Replicate. Select a volume.

3. Click Continue. The External Device window appears.

4. Select a remote volume or external device disk to Replicate to.

5. Click Continue.

6. Select options. Choose a Sync Mode: Either Asynchronous or Synchronous. Refer to Understanding Synchronous and Asynchronous on page 261.

7. Choose a QoS definition or create a new QoS definition. Refer to Creating Quality of Service (QoS) Definitions on page 265.

8. Select or clear to replicate the current, active Replay.

9. Select or clear Deduplication. Selecting Deduplication copies only changes to Replays.

10.Click Continue. If the remote volume does not have a Data Instant Replay schedule, Storage Center asks you to create one. Click Continue.

11.Storage Center displays the replication information. Click Replicate Now. The replication is created.


Viewing Replications

Viewing Replications

Note The Replication tab appears only if the volume is a replication volume.

1. In the System Explorer Tree, expand a Volumes folder to view individual volumes. Select a volume.

2. The Volume Information window appears.

3. Click the Replication tab.

To view asynchronous replications, from the View menu, choose Replications. A list of asynchronous replications appears.

Figure 212. List of Replications

Information displayed includes:• Replication name• Source volume• Status (up or down)• Remote system to which replication was made• Percentage synced• Size of data in GigaBytes and blocks remaining to be synched• Date and time of current Replay (or active Replay)• Whether or not the active Replay is being replicated• Whether Deduplication is active or not• The QoS Definition under which this replication was made

Synchronous replications appear in the System Explorer tree in the same place as the original, replicating volume. Replication properties only appear on volumes that were replicated or are being replicated. To view replication properties:

4. Right-click an individual replication.

5. From the shortcut menu, select Properties > Replication. The Replication Properties window appears with specific information about the replication.

Information includes:


• Name• Type: synchronous or asynchronous• Replication state: up or down• Remote system to which this volume is being replicated• Capacity of the remote volume• Name of the QoS definition used for this replication• Whether the active Replay is also being replicated• Deduplication: yes or no. (Deduplication copies only the changed portions of the Replay

history on the source volume, rather than all data captured in each Replay.) • Progress details including Copy, Mirror, Migrate state (CMM), percent synched, and

blocks to transfer• Volume Statistics, including number of Requests, Number of Blocks, Number of Errors.• Data created and by whom and notes



Managing View VolumesA View volume re-creates a prior version of a volume. The version re-created is the point-in-time-copy contained in the Replay from which the View volume is created.

Note If a current Replay points to data in a previous Replay, the previous Replay cannot be deleted, even if it has expired.

Creating a View VolumeTo recreate a local copy of a prior version of a volume:


2. Select a volume.

3. Click the Replays tab. A list of unexpired Replays for that volume appears.

4. Right-click a Replay.

5. From the shortcut menu, select Local Recovery. The Local Recovery window appears.


7. Click Create View. Compellent creates a recovered volume. The Map Volume to Server window appears. Mapping allows you to access this volume.

Note Data cannot be accessed in a view volume (or, indeed, any volume) until it is mapped to a server.

8. Choose a server. The mapping window appears. Click Create Now.

9. Click Close. The View Volume appears in the same volume folder as the original volume.

Deleting a View VolumeDelete a View Volume as you would any volume:

1. Right-click the View volume.

1. From the shortcut menu, select Delete. Storage Center asks you to confirm.

2. Click Yes. Storage Center moves the volume to the Recycle Bin.

Note You can recover the View Volume until the Recycle Bin is emptied, as described in Viewing the Recycle Bin on page 62.

Viewing a List of View VolumesTo view volume Views:

1. Expand the System Explorer Tree to view Volumes > individual Volumes.


2. Select a volume. The main window displays general volume information.

3. Click the Replay tab. This view shows the list of Replays taken on this volume. The check boxes in the upper right hand corner control the presentation of the Replays. The upper-right corner shows Replay controls.

These buttons appear at the top of the window:• Display Replays• Delete Replays• Save Replays• Print Replays

Icons shown in the legend are added to Replays to show:• Expiration pending• Coalescing Replays• Replay created manually, by schedule, by external application, and by replication


Estimating Bandwidth

Estimating BandwidthReplication bandwidth cost, capacity, availability, and usability are key considerations when developing a replication plan. Consider the time and cost of replicating the initial data load from the Replicating System to the Remote Connection system.

Consider how far behind a replication is allowed to become after it has been established. The larger the tolerance for missing data, the less you have used peak utilization time, requiring less overall bandwidth that may go under-utilized during off hours.

There are two basic strategies in determining the amount of bandwidth required for replication. Have a good idea of the volumes you want to replicate from your Disaster Recovery Plan. It is very possible you will use the first strategy to get started and the second once you are in production.• Derive the Required Bandwidth based on modeling the list of volumes to be replicated

and the recovery requirements.• Replicate data as required. Add volumes to the replication as bandwidth allows. Tune

Replay schedules to meet Disaster Recovery requirements with the available bandwidth.

There are other considerations outside the realm of the Compellent Storage Center that can affect replications. Nearly all of these considerations relate to using iSCSI connectivity for replication.• Quality of the link (dropped packets, fragmented packets, resends, link down)• Competition on the link (other traffic)• Ability of the link to handle bursts of traffic• Ability of the link to handle larger packet sizes• Latency on the link• Security on the link (if encryption is required)• Cyclical business cycles affecting bandwidth requirements


Viewing Replication InfoTo view information for an individual volume, select the volume in the System Explorer Tree. The Volume Information window appears as shown in Figure 24 on page 46. To view information about a volume that is being Replicated:

1. In the System Explorer Tree, expand Volumes to view individual volumes.

2. Select a volume. Replication volumes are indicated by the Replication icon.

Figure 213. Replication Icon

3. The Volume Information window appears.

Note The Replication tab appears only if the volume is a replication volume.

4. Click the Replication tab.

Replication icons

Non-Replication icons


Viewing Replication Info

The Replication window appears:

Figure 214. Volume Replication Info

Scroll to the right in the top frame to view the following information:• Name of the replication• Status (up or down)• Name of the remote system this volume is Replicating to• Percentage of the volume synchronized• Percentage of the volume remaining to be synchronized• Current Replay being Replicated• Replicate Active Replay (yes or no) whether the current active Replay is being

Replicated• Deduplication (yes or no) (Deduplication copies only the changed portions of a Replay

history from the volume being Replicated, rather than all data captured in each Replay.) • Name of the QoS Definition being used for this replication

The main frame of the Volume Replication Information window displays:


• Name of the replication• Type (Synchronous or Asynchronous)


11Charting Viewer

Introduction 294

Downloading and Installing Charting Viewer 295

Using Charting Viewer 297

Viewing Storage Center Charts 300

Saving a Chart as a PNG Image 302

Printing a Chart 303

Zooming In and Out 304


IntroductionStorage Center Charting Viewer displays real-time IO performance statistics for volumes, servers, disks, and controllers. Charting Viewer is accessible via Enterprise Manager or as a stand-alone application:

• If you are using Enterprise Manager, you can access the Charting View via the Enterprise Manager client. See Using Charting Viewer on page 297.

• If you do not have Enterprise Manager, download and install the stand-alone version of Charting Viewer. See Downloading and Installing Charting Viewer on page 295.


Downloading and Installing Charting Viewer

Downloading and Installing Charting Viewer

Charting Viewer RequirementsStorage Center Charting Viewer requires the following:

• Microsoft Windows XP or Microsoft Windows Vista

• Microsoft NET Framework 2.0 or later

• Java Runtime Environment (JRE) 1.5 or 1.6

Charting Viewer Installation ProcessTo download and install Storage Center Charting Viewer:

1. Go to the Compellent Knowledge Center (http://knowledgecenter.compellent.com).

2. Locate and download the Compellent Charting Viewer Setup file.

3. Double-click the setup file. The installation wizard appears.

4. Click Next. The License Agreement appears.

http://knowledgecenter.compellent.com


5. Click Yes to accept the license agreement. The installation wizard installs the Charting Viewer.

6. When the installation is complete, click Finish to exit the wizard.


Using Charting Viewer


Starting Charting ViewerTo start Charting Viewer from Enterprise Manager:

• Right-click a Storage Center, and select View > Charting Viewer.

To start Charting Viewer as a stand-alone application:

1. From the Windows Start menu, select Compellent Technologies > Compellent Charting Viewer. The Login dialog appears:

2. Enter the following:

• Host Name: Enter the Storage Center host name for which you want to view charts.

• User Name/Password: Enter the Storage Center user name and password.

Note Only users with Administrator privileges can access and use Charting Viewer.

3. Click Login.


Using Charting Viewer ControlsThe Charting Viewer provides tool bars for controlling the Charting Viewer display.

• Data Gathering and Navigation Controls

• Charting Report Controls

Data Gathering and Navigation Controls

Use the following buttons to control data gathering and navigation:

Charting Report Controls

Use the following buttons to control how Charting Viewer reports are displayed:

Click … To …Page forward in the display.

Page backwards in the display.

Select a time increment for the display.

Start data gathering.

Stop data gathering.

Select objects for which to gather information. See Setting Charting Viewer Properties on page 299.

Update data in all displayed charts.

Use … To …Single Tab Display all statistics on one tab.

Auto-Scale Auto-scale the IO, KB, and/or Lat displays. If auto-scale is not selected, enter the scale to use in the charts.

Layout • For the Storage Center: FE and BE Same. Display Front End (FE) and Back End (BE) in one chart. Deselect to show in different charts.

• For individual objects: IO and KB Same. Display IO and KB data in one chart. Deselect to show in different charts.

Display Select statistics to include or exclude.



Setting Charting Viewer PropertiesTo set Charting Viewer Properties:

1. When the Charting Viewer is displayed, click . The Charting Properties dialog appears.

2. Select the objects for which you want to gather and display information:

• Volume IO Usage: Retrieves and displays IO statistics for all volumes, volume folders, and individual volumes.

• Server IO Usage: Retrieves and displays IO statistics for all servers, server folders, and individual servers.

• Disk IO Usage: Retrieves and displays IO statistics for all disks, disk folders, and individual disks.

• Controller/Local Ports IO Usage: Retrieves and displays IO statistics for all controllers, individual controllers, and individual ports on a controller.

Note Charting Viewer always displays System IO Usage.

3. Click OK to close the dialog.


Viewing Storage Center ChartsCharting Viewer provides the following chart types:

• System Charts

• Volume Charts

• Server Charts

• Disk Charts

• Controller/Port Charts

Viewing the System ChartTo view the system chart:

1. In the Charting Viewer navigation tree, click the System icon. The System Chart window appears.

2. Click a tab to view:

• KB Performance

• IO Performance

• System IO Pending

Viewing Volume ChartsTo view the volumes chart:

1. In the Charting Viewer navigation tree, select the Volume icon, a volume folder or an individual volume. The Volume Chart window appears.


• Volumes IO

• Volumes latency

• Volumes IO Pending

Viewing Server ChartsTo view the server chart:

1. In the Charting Viewer navigation tree, select the Server icon, a server folder, an individual server, or an individual port. The Server Chart window appears.


• Servers IO

• Servers Latency


Viewing Storage Center Charts

Viewing Disk ChartsTo view the disks chart:

1. In the Charting Viewer navigation tree, select the disk icon, a disk folder or an individual disk. The Disk Chart window appears.


• Disks IO/Latency

• Disks KB/Latency

Viewing Controller and Local Ports ChartsTo view the controller and local ports charts:

1. In the Charting Viewer navigation tree, select the Controllers icon, an individual controller, a port type icon, or an individual port. The Controller/Ports Chart window appears.


• Local Ports IO

• Local Ports Latency

• CPU/Memory (for controllers only)


Saving a Chart as a PNG ImageTo save a chart as a PNG image:

1. Right-click the chart you want to save, and select Save As.

2. Browse to and select the directory in which you want to save the chart image, and enter name for the file.

3. Click OK.


Printing a Chart

Printing a ChartTo print a chart:

1. Right-click the chart you want to print, and select Print. The Page Setup dialog appears.

2. Select Page Setup options:

• Paper Size: Select a paper size from the list of available options.

• Paper Source: Select Automatically Select or Only One.

• Orientation: Select Portrait or Landscape.

• Margins: Set the left, right, top, and bottom margins.

3. Click OK.


Zooming In and OutTo zoom in on data in a chart:

• Click and drag to define the area you want to view.

To return the chart to default settings:

• Double-click on the chart.


A Storage Profiles

Overview 306

Changing User Volume Defaults 307

Storage Profiles Created by the System 308

Creating Custom Storage Profiles 313

Managing Storage Profiles 318

Manual Storage Mode 324


OverviewStorage Profiles describe the RAID level and tiers on which data is stored. If disk space is not available within a selected tier, space in other tiers is used until space becomes available in the selected tier. All Storage Centers provide a set of standard Storage Profiles.

• If Data Progression is licensed, data can be migrated between RAID levels within a tier and between tiers. The system displays the Recommended Storage Profile to migrate data between tiers. The default Storage Profile for a system with Data Progression is the Recommended Storage Profile

• If Data Progression is not licensed and a system uses RAID 10 and RAID 5, data is migrated up or down with in a Tier (drive class) but cannot be migrated between Tiers. If Data Progression is not licensed, a system has access only to Storage Profiles that use a single tier of storage; Storage Profiles with multiple tiers are not available. The default Storage Profile for a system without Data Progression is the High Priority Storage Profile.


Changing User Volume Defaults

Changing User Volume DefaultsBy default, Storage Profiles are applied automatically and do not appear in the System Manager. To select Storage Profiles, you must first change User Volume Defaults. User Volume defaults can be changed for:

• You (the current user).

• Other current Administrative or Volume Manager users who are not logged in.

• New users. As new users are created, volume defaults are automatically applied.

Advanced Volume Defaults are the same whether you are setting Volume Defaults for yourself, other users, or new users. For more information, refer to Configuring User Volume Defaults on page 212.

Volume defaults determine options for creating volumes. Configuring volume defaults requires Administrative privileges. Subsequent volumes will be created with these defaults. Existing volumes are not affected. To manually configure Storage Profiles when creating volumes:

1. From the Storage Management menu, choose Volume > Configure My Volume Defaults. The Configure User Volume Defaults window appears.

2. Make sure Allow User to Modify Preferences is checked.

3. Click the Advanced tab. The Advanced Volume Defaults window appears.

Note If Data Progression is not licensed, the Recommended Profile is not displayed as a choice.

4. Select a Storage Profile that will be used by default when you create a volume. (A default profile can be overridden by choosing a different profile when you create a volume.) If you or another user manually create unique Storage Profiles, those profiles appear as options for creating volumes in the Advanced User Volume Default window.

5. Click OK. User volume defaults are set.

Although volumes will be created with the default profile you select in the User Volume Default window, if you allow this user to select a Storage Profile, a list of available profiles appears in the menu tree. Storage Profiles appear only for users whose User Volume Defaults allow them to select a Storage Profile. If a user is not allowed to select a Storage Profile, System Manager applies the default Storage Profile to all new volumes.


Storage Profiles Created by the SystemIf Data Progression is licensed, cost and performance are optimized when all volumes use the default Recommended Storage Profile.

If Data Progression is not licensed, the default Storage Profile is High Priority, which stores data on Tier 1. When Tier 1 is full, data is then stored on the next lower available tier. Without Data Progression, you must configure volumes to use a specific tier of storage. Data will not migrate between tiers.

Note To change the RAID strip width used by the standard Storage Profiles, see Selecting Storage RAID on page 166.

If your user volume defaults allow you to choose a Storage Profile, Storage Center displays default profiles in the System Tree under Storage:

• Recommended (All Tiers)

Note The Recommended Storage Profile is available only on Storage Centers with licensed Data Progression.

• High Priority (Tier 1)

• Medium Priority (Tier 2)

• Low Priority (Tier 3)

To view a list of profiles, expand the Storage Profiles icon.

Figure 215. List of Profiles

To view Storage Profile properties, from the list of Storage Profiles, select a profile.


Storage Profiles Created by the System

RecommendedThe Recommended Profile is available only when Data Progression is licensed.

To optimize Data Progression and performance on the Storage Center, create volumes with the Recommended Storage Profile. The Recommended profile allows the system to automatically progress data between storage types and across all storage tiers based on data type and usage.

Figure 216. Recommended Storage Profile


High PriorityThe High Priority Storage Profile provides the highest performance, but least efficient storage for volume data.

Figure 217. High Priority Profile

Creating a volume using the High Priority Storage Profile stores written data on Tier 1, RAID 10 (mirrored drives). Replay data is stored on Tier 1, RAID 5. Storage Center does not migrate data to lower storage tiers unless Tier 1 storage becomes full.


Storage Profiles Created by the System

Medium PriorityThe Medium Priority Storage Profile provides a balance between performance and cost efficiency.

Figure 218. Medium Priority Profile

Creating a volume using the Medium Priority Storage Profile stores written data on RAID 10, Tier 2. Replay data is stored on RAID 5, Tier 2. Storage Center does not migrate data to other storage tiers unless Tier 2 storage becomes full.

Note Make sure you have drives actually populating Tier 2 before you create a volume using the Medium Priority Profile.


Low PriorityThe Low Priority Storage Profile provides the most-cost efficient storage.

Figure 219. Low Priority Profile

Creating a volume using the Low Priority Storage Profile stores written data on RAID 10, Tier 3. Replay data is stored on RAID 5, Tier 3. Storage Center does not migrate data to higher tiers of storage unless Tier 3 storage becomes full.

Note Make sure you have drives actually populating Tier 3 before you create a volume using the Low Priority Profile.


Creating Custom Storage Profiles

Creating Custom Storage Profiles In addition to the standard Storage Profiles provided by the System Manager, you can create custom Storage Profiles.

Note Upgraded Storage Centers provide the standard set of Storage Profiles, as well as one or more custom profiles created when existing volumes were converted to use Storage Profiles. The custom profiles created by the system can be modified; the standard profiles cannot be modified.

To create a Storage Profile:

1. In the system tree, select the Storage Profiles icon.

2. From the shortcut menu, select Create Storage Profile. The Create Storage Profile window appears.

3. Select a RAID level and Tier.

4. Click Continue. The Name Storage Profile window appears. The default name is based on the RAID level and tiers of this profile. Accept the default or enter a name for the Storage Profile. Enter any notes.

5. Click Create Now. Storage Center creates the profile.

You can check or select a tier that is unavailable (non-existent or full). Once disks are added to a tier, Data Progression can take advantage of them.

Creating a Volume Using Storage Profiles

Note To select a Storage Profile during volume creation or apply a Storage Profile to one or more existing volumes, the Allow Storage Profile selection must be enabled in your user volume defaults. Refer to Advanced User Volume Defaults on page 214.

From the Menu

To create a volume with a Storage Profile:

1. From the Storage Management menu, select Create > Volume. The Create Volume window appears.

2. Enter the size of a volume.

3. Click Advanced.


The Select Storage Profile window appears, displaying the Storage Profiles available on the Storage Center.

Figure 220. Select a Storage Profile

Note The Storage Profiles displayed depends on whether Data Progression is licensed and whether custom profiles have been created on the Storage Center. For information on custom profiles, refer to Creating Custom Storage Profiles on page 313).

4. Select a Storage Profile, and click Continue. The Replay Profile window appears.

5. Select one or more Replay Profiles, and click Continue. The Name Volume window appears. Enter a name for this volume. Click Continue. The system asks you to confirm. Click OK.



From a Server

As a shortcut for creating a volume:

1. Select a server from the System Tree. From the shortcut menu, select Create Volumes.

Figure 221. Create Volumes from Server

2. Click the Volumes tab. The System Manager proposes a volume based your User Volume Defaults.

Figure 222. Proposed Volume

3. Click Modify Selected Volume.


The Modify Create Volume window appears.

Figure 223. Modify Create Volume

4. Click the Change link next to Storage Profile. The Select Storage Profile window appears.

5. Select a Storage Profile, and click Continue. The Modify Create Volume window reappears.

6. Click Apply Changes.

7. Click Create Volume Now. A volume is created with the Storage Profile you selected.

Applying Profiles to Existing Volumes

Note To select a Storage Profile when creating a volume or apply a Storage Profile to one or more existing volumes, the Allow Storage Profile selection must be enabled in your user volume defaults. Refer to Advanced User Volume Defaults on page 214.

To apply a Storage Profile to existing volumes:

1. Select a Storage Profile.

2. From the shortcut menu, select Apply to Volume(s). A list of existing volumes appears.

3. Select one or more volumes.

4. Click Continue. The System Manager asks you to confirm.

5. Click Apply Now. The Storage Profile you select is applied to the volumes you selected. Data will be migrated during the next scheduled Data Progression run.



6. Click OK.

You can also apply a Storage Profile to an individual volume via the Volume Properties window:

1. Right-click on a volume, and select Properties. The Volume Properties window appears.

2. Click the Storage tab.

3. Select the Storage Profile for the volume, and click OK.

Viewing Volumes Configured with a Storage ProfileTo view a list of volume that are configured with a Storage Profile:

1. From the list of Storage Profiles, select a Profile. (Remember, the list of Storage Profiles does not appear unless your User Volume Profile allow you to select a Storage Profile. Refer to Changing User Volume Defaults on page 307.) The General Storage Profile window appears.

2. Click on the Volumes tab. A list of volumes using this profile appears.

Figure 224. Volumes Using a Storage Profile

Storage Center displays:

• Volume name

• Volume Type

• Storage Type

• Disk folder in which this volume resides

• Consumed Disk Space

• Logical volume size.


Managing Storage ProfilesTo manage Storage Profiles:

1. In the System Explorer Tree, select Storage.

Figure 225. Select Storage in System Explorer Tree

2. From the shortcut menu, select Manage Storage Profiles. The Manage Storage Profiles window appears, displaying Storage Profiles for this system.

Figure 226. Manage Storage Profiles

The Manage Storage Profiles window allows you to:

• Create a Storage Profile, described in Creating Custom Storage Profiles on page 313

• Modify a User-Created Profile

• Delete a User-Created Storage Profile

• Apply a Profile to Volumes


Managing Storage Profiles

Modify a User-Created ProfileThe standard Storage Profiles packaged with the Storage Center cannot be modified. To modify a user-created Storage Profile:

1. In the System Explorer Tree, select a Storage Profile not created by the system.

2. From the shortcut menu, select Modify. (The Modify command is not available for Storage Profiles created by the system.)

3. A window similar to the Create Volume window appears, showing the RAID and Tier setting for this Storage Profile.

4. Select or clear RAID and tier levels.

5. Click Continue. The Name window appears.

6. Change the name of the Storage Profile or accept the default.

7. Optionally, add notes.

8. Click Apply Changes. The Profile is modified.

Note Changes will be applied to all volumes using this profile. Data will begin to move the next time Data Progression is run.

Delete a User-Created Storage ProfileYou cannot delete Storage Profiles that are either:

• Created by the system. To view by whom a Profile is created, select a profile. The General information window displays the creator.

• In use by a volume. To view which volumes, if any, are in use, select a profile. Click the Volumes tab.

To delete a user-created Storage Profile:

1. In the System Explorer Tree, select a Storage Profile not created by the system.

2. Because you cannot delete a Storage Profile that is being used by a volume, click on the Volumes tab to make sure no volumes are using this Storage Profile.

3. Select the Storage Profile again.

4. From the shortcut menu, select Delete.

5. System Manager asks you to confirm.

6. Click Yes.

Apply a Profile to VolumesYou can apply a Storage Profile to all volumes, all volumes in a volume group, or selected volumes. To apply a Storage Profile:

1. Open the Manage Storage Profiles window shown in Figure 226 on page 318.

2. Select a Storage Profile.


3. Click Apply Profile. A list of Volumes appears.

Figure 227. Apply Storage Profiles to Volumes

4. Select one or more volumes or volume groups.

5. Click Continue. The system displays the volume and volume folders to which this profile will be applied. Review the list.

6. Click Apply Now. The Manage Storage Profiles reappears. Click Close.

Changing the Storage Profile Used by a VolumeTo change the Storage Profile used by a volume:

1. From the list of Storage Profiles, select a Profile. The General Storage Profile window appears.

2. Click on the Volumes tab. A list of volumes using this profile appears.

3. Select one or more volumes.

4. Click Apply Different Storage Profiles. The Apply Different Storage Profile window appears, similar to Figure 220 on page 314, listing available profiles.

5. Select a Storage Profile to apply.

6. Click Continue. Storage Center asks you to confirm.

7. Click Apply Now.



Volume PropertiesVolume Properties display Storage Profiles when Allow Storage Profile selection volume default is checked.

Figure 228. Volume Properties with Storage tab


Volume General Tab The Volume General Tab displays the Storage Profile attached to that volume.

Figure 229. Volume General Tab



Viewing Volume StatisticsTo view the tier and RAID location of data on an existing volume:

1. In the System Explorer Tree, expand the Storage folder. Select a volume.

2. Click on the Statistics tab. Storage Center displays distribution usage for the volume for each disk tier and RAID selection for a volume. Every time a data progression runs, it categorizes the location of the data in a volume.

Figure 230. Volume Statistics

Caution Because the time it takes to move data depends on the amount of data to be migrated, Data Progression can take a significant amount of time.


Manual Storage Mode

Note Once enabled, manual mode cannot be disabled.

To view every possible combination of tiers and RAID levels:

1. From the Storage Management menu, select System > Setup > Enable Manual Storage Mode. A warning window appears.

Figure 231. Manual Storage Mode Warning

2. To enable Manual Storage Mode, click Continue.


Manual Storage Mode

Creating a Storage Profile in Manual ModeTo create a Storage Profile in Manual Mode:

1. In the system tree, select the Storage Profiles icon.

2. From the shortcut menu, select Create Storage Profile. A window similar to Figure 232 appears.

Figure 232. Manual Storage Mode with Normal Redundancy

Note Choosing RAID 5-5 or 5-9 overrides the stripe width set in System Properties. Refer to Selecting Storage RAID on page 166. Manually creating a Storage Profile is the only way to create exceptions to the stripe width set in System Properties.

3. When RAID levels, tiers, and redundancy (if any) is set, click Continue. Storage Center asks you to name the Storage Profile.




Viewing a Storage Profile Created in Manual ModeIn contrast to the Storage Profiles created in normal mode (for example, Figure 216 on page 309 or Figure 217 on page 310) a Storage Profile that is created in Manual Storage Mode displays more detailed information. A Storage Profile created in Manual Mode with Data Progression licensed is shown in Figure 233.

Figure 233. Manual Storage Profile Display

Instead of displaying the writable and Replay tiers used, a Storage Profiles created in Manual mode displays all tiers, including tiers on which data will not be stored using this profile.


Manual Storage Mode

Changing RAID Stripe Width in Manual ModeIf Manual Storage Mode is enabled and you change RAID stripe width in System Storage Properties, (refer to Selecting Storage RAID on page 166), changes will only affect Storage Profiles created by the system, not Storage Profiles that were created by users.

Figure 234. System Storage Properties in Manual Mode



B Configuring Java

Introduction 330

Viewing Version 331

Increasing JRE Memory 332


IntroductionIf Storage Center users are encountering browser load hangs, correct the problem by reconfiguring the Java™ Runtime Environment (JRE) memory allocation. You may need to adjust the settings to find the optimal memory allocation for your system. The following instructions detail how to configure JRE on Microsoft Windows XP™ and Microsoft Windows Vista™ systems only.

Note Before configuring Java, close all browsers.


Viewing Version

Viewing VersionMake sure that you are running the most recent version of Java (Build 1.6), which has memory improvements over prior Java versions. Installing Java 1.6 alone may fix out-of memory-errors.

1. From the Start menu, select Control Panel.

2. Double-click the Java icon (which may be under Other Control Panel Options). The Java Control Panel opens, showing the General tab.

Figure 235. Java Control Panel

3. In the General window, click About. The About Java window appears.

Figure 236. About Java


4. Make sure you have build 1.6 or above. If you do not, go to Java.com for an upgrade.

5. Close the About Java window.

Increasing JRE MemoryTo increase JRE Memory:

1. In the Java Control Panel, click the Java tab. The Java window appears.

Figure 237. View Java Settings

2. In Java Applet Runtime Settings section, click View.

The Java Runtime Settings window appears.

Figure 238. Java Runtime Settings

3. Double-click in the Java Runtime Parameters field.

4. For Windows XP only, set the Java maximum heap size to 300 MB by typing:

-Xmx300m

For Windows Vista only, set the Java maximum heap size to 300 MB by typing:

-Xmx300m -Djavaplugin.maxHeapSize=300m


Increasing JRE Memory

The amount entered should be less than one-half of the total amount of RAM memory on your system. If the number is too large, the Java Plug-in may not start. If necessary, reduce the 300 MB to a smaller number (such as 250, 200, or 150).

Other Operating Systems

Java software is available for Windows, Macintosh, Linux, and UNIX operating systems, but these instructions are for Windows XP and Vista only. Other commands may be necessary to increase Java Runtime Settings. Refer to Java.com for instructions for your operating system. To open the Java Control Panel:

• In a Macintosh operating system, use the Finder to open Applications -> Utilities -> Java. Run the Java Plug-in 1.6.x Setup.

• In a Linux or Unix operating system, find the location where Java is installed.



C Solid State Drives

Overview 336

Installation and Setup 338


Overview

IntroductionStorage Center 4.5 supports Solid State Drives (SSD). This appendix describes best practices for installing and setting up SSD on a Storage Center 4.5 system.

RequirementsA site implementing SSD must meet the following requirements:

• Uninterruptable power with a UPS compatible with Storage Center monitoring functionality.

• For RAID 10: At least two SSD data disks and one hot spare SSD with a capacity equal to or greater than the highest SSD drive in the enclosure.

• For RAID 5/5: at least five SSD data disks and one hot spare SSD with a capacity equal to or greater than the highest SSD drive in the enclosure

• An SBOD Enclosure with a 4 Gbps Fibre Channel connection.

• Enterprise Manager 3.3 (if applicable).

Supported DevicesStorage Center supports the STEC Zeus IOPs line of Enterprise class solid state disks. These are available in 73 GB and 146 GB capacities.

SSD devices from other manufacturers and product lines are not supported.


Overview

Storage Center Features

Data Progression

Data Progression manages and migrates frequently used data to faster Storage Tiers. SSD reside in Tier 1 and are treated like any other disk type. However, you should create a specific Storage Profile for volumes that require SSD (see Configuring Storage Profiles on page 338).

Adding SSD to a Storage Center system affects disk tiers in the following ways:

Fast Track

Because Fast Track is designed to optimize rotating disk drives, it is disabled on an SSD tier.

Tier Existing Disk Type Disk Type After SSD InstallTier 1 15K SSDTier 2 10K 15K, 10KTier 3 SATA, FATA SATA, FATA

Tier Existing Disk Type Disk Type After SSD InstallTier 1 15K SSDTier 2 15KTier 3 SATA, FATA SATA, FATA

Tier Existing Disk Type Disk Type After SSD InstallTier 1 15K SSDTier 2 15KTier 3 10K 10K

Tier Existing Disk Type Disk Type After SSD InstallTier 1 10K SSDTier 2 10KTier 3 SATA, FATA SATA, FATA


Installation and Setup

Installing the HardwareSSDs are allowed in any slot of an SBOD enclosure (up to 16 per enclosure). For maximum IO per second, use two SBOD enclosures with two SSDs each.

For more information on inserting drives into enclosures, see the Storage Center System Setup Guide.

For more information on installing SBOD enclosures, see the Storage Center System Connectivity Guide.

Configuring Storage ProfilesSSDs should only be used for volumes requiring drastically reduced latency. Because SSDs are assigned to Tier 1 after installation (see Data Progression on page 337), only volumes requiring SSD should use a Storage Profile that includes Tier 1(see Storage Profiles on page 305).

Follow the procedure below prior to installing an SSD:

Note These instructions assume a typical installation with a single disk folder. Users with more than one disk folder should carefully review their storage profiles to prevent unwanted data movement caused by the addition of a Storage Tier.

5. If necessary, configure the User Volume Default settings to allow Storage Profile selection (see Configuring User Volume Defaults on page 212).

6. Create a Storage Profile for volumes that do not require SSD.

a. Right-click Storage Profiles, then click Create Storage Profile.b. Select Tier 2 and Tier 3 as the Storage Tiers for the Profile.c. Click Continue.d. Name the Storage Profile and add notes as needed before clicking Create Now.

7. Assign the newly created Storage Profile to all volumes that do not require SSD (see Applying Profiles to Existing Volumes on page 316).

8. Assign the Recommended Storage Profile to all volumes that require SSD.

After approximately four days, data from the former Tier 1 (now Tier 2), will progress to the new Tier 1 (SSD).

To accelerate the progression of data to the SSD Tier (Tier 1), use CMS to copy and swap the volumes. It is not recommended that you adjust the Data Progression settings.


Installation and Setup

Disabling Write CacheTo maximize performance, it is recommended you disable write cache on volumes that use SSD.

To disable write cache:

1. Right-click the volume, then click Properties. The Volume Properties window appears.

2. Select the Cache tab.

3. Uncheck the box next to Enable Write Cache

4. Click OK.

Enabling 4 Gbit OperationSSD devices are capable of 4 Gbit operation if all the following are true:

• All devices in the enclosure are operating at 4 Gbit.

• The system includes a 4 Gbit HBA with 4 Gbit switches.

• All enclosures on the same loop are set to operate in 4 Gbit mode.

To set an enclosure to 4 Gbit mode, reverse DIP switches 7 and 8 as shown below:

For more information on 4 Gbit SBOD operation, see the Storage Center System Connectivity Guide.

ReplaysReplays are an important requirement for efficient Data Progression. For the most efficient use of SSD, Replays should be taken at least once per day (see Managing Replays on page 244).



D HBA Settings

Introduction 342

Settings by HBA Vendor 342

Settings by Operating System 343


IntroductionThis document details the recommended settings for HBAs and Operating Systems while connected to a Compellent Storage Center.

Settings by HBA Vendor

Emulex Card Settings

To set the Windows registry key, refer to Emulex (FC) Registry Key Settings on page 345.

Qlogic Card Settings

For Windows Qlogic 23XX or 24XX (FC) registry settings, refer to Qlogic 23xx or 24xx (FC) Registry Key Settings on page 345.

For Windows Qlogic 40XX (iSCSI) settings, refer to Qlogic 40XX (iSCSI) Sansurfer Settings on page 346.

Cambex Card Settings

Field SettingNodev_tmo (In Windows, the field is called node timeout.) 60 seconds.

Topology 1 for point to point only

Queue Depth 255.

Field SettingConnection options 1 for point to point only.

Login retry count 60 attempts

Port down retry count 60 attempts

Link down timeout 30 seconds

Queue depth 255

Field SettingTopology list P2P_ONLY for point to point only

Logout delay 60 seconds


Settings by Operating System


AIX Settings

Hdisk Attributes

Solaris Settings

Note Changes to Solaris settings require a reboot.

/kernel/drv/fcp.conf Settings

To the bottom of this file, add:

fcp_offline_delay=60

/kernel/drv/qlc.conf Settings

Change the following variables to their associated values.

/kernel/drv/qla2300.conf Settings

Change the following variables to their associated values.

HP-UX SettingsNo additional changes.

Field Settingqueue_depth hdisk attribute 255

rw_timeout hdisk 60

Field Settinglogin-retry-count 60

port-down-retry-count 60

link-down-timeout 30

Field Settinglogin-retry-count 60

port-down-retry-count 60

link-down-timeout 30


SLES Settings

Non-Boot Environment

1. To the end of the /etc/modprobe.d/qla2xxx file, add:

options qla2xxx qlport_down_retry=65

2. Reload the driver.

Example:

# echo "options qla2xxx qlport_down_retry=65" >> /etc/modprobe.d/qla2xxx

# modprobe -r qla2xxx

# modprobe qla2xxx

Boot Environment

1. To the end of the kernel line in /boot/grub/menu.lst, add:

qla2xxx.qlport_down_retry=65

2. Reboot.

Example:

# vi /boot/grub/menu.lst

# reboot

RHEL Settings

Non-Boot Environment

1. To the end of the /etc/modprobe.conf file, add:

ooptions qla2xxx qlport_down_retry=65

2. Reload the driver.

Example:

# echo "options qla2xxx qlport_down_retry=65" >> /etc/modprobe.conf

# modprobe -r qla2xxx

# modprobe qla2xxx

Boot Environment

1. To the end of the /etc/modprobe.conf file, add:

options qla2xxx qlport_down_retry=60

2. Update the init ram disk.

3. Reboot.



Example:

# echo "options qla2xxx qlport_down_retry=60" >> /etc/modprobe.conf

# mkinitrd -f -v /boot/initrd-<kernel version>.img <kernel version>

# reboot

Netware Settings

Startup.ncf Settings

In the file c:/nwserver/startup.ncf, to the end of the FC driver load line, add:

/LUNS /ALLPATHS /ALLPORTS /PORTDOWN=60

Windows Settings

Time Out

In regedit, make the following change:

H_Key_Local_Machine

->System

->CurrentControlSet

->Services

->disk -> Timeout Value=60

Emulex (FC) Registry Key Settings

1. Set the Windows registry key to a value of 128.

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\elxstor\Parameters\Device\DriverParameter

2. Reboot the Server.

Qlogic 23xx or 24xx (FC) Registry Key Settings

1. Set the following Windows registry key to 255:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\ql2300\Parameters\Device\MaximumSGList

2. Set the following Windows registry key to 254:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\ql2300\Parameters\Device\NumberOfRequests


3. For STORport drivers, set the following Window registry to qd=254

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\ql2300\Parameters\Device\DriverParameter

4. Reboot the server.

Qlogic 40XX (iSCSI) Sansurfer Settings

Use Qlogic Sansurfer for iSCSI to set the execution throttle for the installed ports to 250. Be aware that the card must be reset, which can be performed without rebooting the server through the Sansurfer interface.

VMWare SettingsNo Additional Changes

Tru64 SettingsNo Additional Changes

OpenVMS SettingsNo Additional Changes


Glossary

A

Assigned Disks

Same as Managed Disks. Physical disks that are identified by Storage Center and to which data can be written. Assigned disks use metadata to track information about volumes on the disk and other assigned disks managed by the controller.

Asynchronous Replication

After data has been written to the primary storage site, new writes to that site can be accepted without having to wait for the secondary (remote) storage site to also finish its writes. Asynchronous Replication does not have the latency impact that synchronous replication does, but if the primary site failed before the data was written to the secondary site the data that had not yet been written could be lost. See also replication.

B

Back End

The component in the Storage Center SAN flow of data writes (server to switch to controller to disks) that receive data writes. In general, disk drives in enclosures are the back end of the controller. However, a remote system that is receiving replication data from a local Storage Center is the back end local Storage Center. See Target System.

Backup

A two step process. A Replay is first copied to a non-volatile disk remote system. In the event of problems (such as disk drive failures, power outages, or virus infection) resulting in data loss or damage to the original data, the Replay is retrieved and restored to a View Volume.

Bandwidth

The amount of data that can be sent to or from Storage Center per internal time.

Block Data

Raw data which does not have a file structure imposed on it. Database applications such as a SQL Server or an Exchange Server transfer data in blocks. Block transfer is the most efficient way to write to disk.


Business Continuity

The ability of an organization to continue to function even after a disastrous event, accomplished through the deployment of redundant hardware and software, the use of fault tolerant systems, as well as a solid backup and recovery strategy.

C

CHA

Compellent Host Adapter.

CHAP

Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol. It’s an option for authentication of iSCSI communications, particularly between two Compellent systems when doing Replication over iSCSI.

Cache

A high speed memory or storage device used to reduce the effective time required to read data from or write data to a lower speed memory or device.Compellent provides configurable cache to minimize disk latencies. Write cache has a 72 hour battery backup.

Clustered Controllers

More than one Storage Center controller that is interconnected (typically at high-speeds) for the purpose of improving reliability, availability, serviceability and performance (via load balancing). Storage Center provides automatic controller failover in an active-active configuration. Fully mirrored, battery backup cache provides automatic restart and volumes are moved between controllers in the event of controller failure.

Conservation Mode

When the Storage Center enters conservation mode, creation of new volumes and Replays will be inhibited, and Replays will be expired more aggressively. Occurs when the pagepool space available to be consumed by volumes and Replays reaches 10%, and there is no more free disk space available for the pagepool to consume.

Controller

Provides disk aggregation (RAID), I/O routing, error detection, and data recovery. Provides the intelligence for the entire Storage Center subsystem. Every Storage Center system contains one or more controllers.

Copilot Services

Combination of centralized support, product education and sales resources that proactively monitor Storage Center and recommend corrective actions to improve performance and availability of the system.

Copy-Mirror-Migrate

Compellent Storage Center feature allowing volumes to be migrated between different disk types and RAID levels.


D

DNS (Domain Name Service)

Name of the TCP/IP stack that converts domain names into IP addresses.

Data Instant Replay

Ensures high system and application availability. Enables backup and recovery of volumes without impacting system resources. Captures a point in time copy, based on the Replay Profile. This provides the ability to roll back a volume to a previous point in time. Only data that has changed from the previous point in time copy is stored.

Data Progression

Automatically migrates data to the right class of storage based on assigned or recommended policies. Allows businesses to optimize utilization of storage resources through migration to the appropriate class of storage devices, to higher or to lower performance devices, based on data access requirements.

Deduplication

In Replays, copies only the changed portions of the Replay history on the source volume, rather than all data captured in each Replay.

Disaster Recovery

The ability to recover from the loss of a complete site, whether due to natural disaster or malicious intent. Storage Center disaster recovery include Data Instant Replay and Remote Instant Replay.

Disk Enclosure (see Enclosure)

Disk Folders

A collection of physical disks that can be assigned attributes by the user. Performance is improved by maximizing the number of disk drives in a folder.

Volumes draw storage from disk folders. Folders may be associated with multiple pagepools.

Disk Position

The position of the disk in the enclosure. An example of a disk position is 01-01. The first number is the row number, from the top of the enclosure. The second number is column number from the left of the enclosure. For example, Disk 01-02 is in the first (top row) and second column from the left.

Dynamic Controllers

A minimum of two Storage Center clustered controllers that provide automatic failover via an internal heartbeat


E

Emergency Mode

When the Storage Center enters emergency mode, all volumes associated with this disk folder will be taken offline, and Replays will be expired more aggressively. Volumes will not be able to be brought back online until enough storage space is freed to exit this state. Emergency Mode occurs when the storage space available to be consumed by volumes and Replays drops below 1%, and there is no more free disk space available.

Enclosure

The box that holds the disks. Provides disk status, temperature sensores, cooling fans, an alarm system, and a single interface to the controller.

Ethernet

A protocol that defines a common set of rules and signals for networks.

Eth0

Ethernet port 0. Compellent uses Eth0 to support system login and access for the GUI, Replication, and to send email, alerts, SNMP traps, and Phone Home data.

Eth1

Compellent uses Eth1 for dedicated InterProcess Communication between controllers in a multi-controller system.

F

FTP

File Transfer Protocol. Program used to transfer files from another computer.

Fabric

A combination of interconnected switches that act as a unified routing infrastructure. It allows multiple connections among devices on a SAN and lets new devices enter unobtrusively. A Fibre Channel (or iSCSI) topology with at least one switch present on the network.

FastTrack

An optional Compellent utility that dynamically places the most active data on the outer (faster) disk tracks.

Fibre Channel

A high-speed interconnect used to connect servers to Storage Center controllers and back-end disk enclosures. Fibre Channel components include HBAs, hubs, switches, and cabling. The term Fibre Channel also refers to a high-speed, fully duplexed serial communication protocol permitting data transfer rates of up to 10 Gigabit per second.


Front End

The component in the Storage Center SAN flow of data writes (server to switch to controller to disks) that initiates data writes. In general, servers (or switches) are the front end of the controller. However, a Storage Center system that is replicating data to a remote system is the front end of the remote system. See Back End.

G

GUI

Graphical User Interface

H

HBA

By convention, Compellent refers to the ports on cards in server as HBAs.

HBA Type

In the Storage Center, there are two HBA types: Fibre Channel and iSCSI.

High Availability

A continuously available system is characterized as having essentially no downtime in any given year. A system with 99.999% availability experiences only about five minutes of downtime. In contrast, a high availability system is defined as having 99.9% uptime, which translates into a few hours of planned or unplanned downtime per year.

HBA (Host Bus Adapter)

The HBA is the intelligent hardware residing on the host server that controls the transfer of data between the host and the Storage Center.

HNR

Host Name Resolution

HTTP

Hyper Text Transfer Protocol

Hot Spare

A hot spare disk is a backup disk. In the event that an active array fails, the controller makes the hot spare part of the active array and rebuilds data on the fly. Although the hot spare becomes an active disk without human intervention, remember to replace the failed drive as soon as possible, so that the array is again protected with a new hot spare. Hot spares can span multiple disk enclosures. A Storage Center hot spares can have a different capacity than the data drive it replaces.

Host Bus Adapter

See HBA


I

Instant Replay

See Data Instant Replay.

IO

Input/output. The process of moving data between a computer system's main memory and an external device or interface such as a storage device, display, printer, or network connected to other computer systems. IO is a collective term for reading, or moving data into a computer system's memory, and writing, or moving data from a computer system's memory to another location.

iSCSI

iSCSI (Internet SCSI) is the specification that defines the encapsulation of SCSI packets over ethernet using the TCP/IP transport protocol, or a protocol that enables transport of block data over IP networks, without the need for a specialized network infrastructure, such as Fibre Channel.

J

JBOD

Just a bunch of disks. An enclosure that contains storage disks, fans, and an HBA port with which it connects to a controller.

L

LAN

Local Area Network

Leader Controller

In a dual controller system, the leader controller is the primary controller. Under ordinary circumstances, the controllers share read/write duties, thus doubling IOs. In the event the peer controller fails, the lead controller assumes the duties of both controllers. See Peer Controller

Load Balancing

Referring to the ability to redistribute load (read/write requests) to an alternate path between server and storage device, load balancing maintain high performance IO.

LUN

A logical unit is a conceptual division (a subunit) of a storage disk or a set of disks. Each logical unit has an address, known as the logical unit number (LUN), which allows it to be uniquely identified.


M

MAC Address

In computer networking a Media Access Control address (MAC address) is a quasi-unique identifier attached to most network adapters (NICs). It is a number that acts like a name for a particular network adapter, so, for example, the network cards (or built-in network adapters) in two different computers will have different names, or MAC addresses. It is possible to change the MAC address.

Management IP Address

Address used to used to connect to Storage Center. Each controller has its own IP address, but the management IP address remains constant. If, In a dynamic controller system, a controller fails or is replaced, Storage Center the system connection remains.

Managed Disks

Disks that are grouped together to form a discrete bundle, across which data is striped and from which volumes are created.

Manual Replay

Compellent Storage Center feature that allows the user to manually create point in time copies of volumes.

Mapping (Volume to Server)

Mapping defines which servers can access specific volumes. Once this linkage is established, the volume will appear to the server as a single, local disk drive of the specified size.

Mentoring Controller

During installation or after replacing or adding a controller, the mentoring controller copies system configuration to the new or added controller. Either the lead or peer controller can become a mentoring controller.

MIB

Management Information Base. A database of objects that can be accessed by SNMP.

Multipathing

Redundant storage components that transfer data between server and storage. These components include cabling, adapters, switches, and the software that enables multipathing.

N

NAS

Network Attached Storage


NAT

In computer networking, the process of network address translation (NAT, also known as network masquerading or IP-masquerading) involves re-writing the source or destination addresses of IP packets as they pass through a router or firewall. Most systems using NAT do so in order to enable multiple hosts on a private network to access the Internet using a single public IP address. According to specifications, routers should not act in this way, but many network administrators find NAT a convenient technique and use it widely. Nonetheless, NAT can introduce complications in communication between hosts.

NDMP

Network Data Management Protocol is an open standard for backing up data in a heterogeneous environment

NFS

Network File System

NIC

Network Interface Card

P

Pagepool

A pool of storage

Pagepool Alert

The first alert generated when the pagepool space consumed by volumes and Replays exceeds the configurable pagepool alert threshold, and there is no more free disk space available for the pagepool to consume.

Peer Controller

The peer controller is the equal of the Lead controller. In a dual controller system, both controllers share read/write duties, thus doubling IOs. But in the event the lead controller fails, the peer controller assumes the duties of both controllers.

Port

The physical connection point on servers, switches, Storage Center controller, and disk drive enclosures that is used to connect to other devices in the system. Ports on a Fibre Channel network are identified by their Worldwide Port Name (WWPN); on iSCSI networks, ports are given an iSCSI name.

Preallocation

Pre-allocating storage physically assigns storage to the volume before its use by the server. Not allowed for volumes already having Replays.


Q

QoS Definition

Quality of Service. A networking term that specifies a guaranteed throughput level to guarantee end-to end latency will not exceed a specified level.

R

RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks)

A way of storing the same data over multiple physical disks to ensure that if a hard disk fails a redundant copy of the data can be accessed instead. Example schemes include mirroring and RAID-5.

RAID 5-5 and 5-9

Maintains a logical copy of the data using a mathematically derived rotating parity stripe. The parity stripe is derived from the data stripes. This method has less overhead for the redundant information than RAID 10 however write performance is slower than RAID 10 due to the calculation of the parity stripe for every write. Read performance is similar to RAID 10.

RAID 10

Striped and mirrored. Provides both data availability and top performance. Maintains a minimum of one full copy of all data on the volume. RAID 10 provides optimum Read / Write performance, increased probability of withstanding multiple failures, and the fastest restoration of data.

Redundancy

The duplication of information or hardware equipment components to ensure that should a primary resource fail, a secondary resource can take over its function.

Remote Instant Replay

Remote Instant Replay is a Replay written to a remote backup site. The sites can be active-active, with bi-directional remote copies that can either have matched or split intervals. Also knows as Replication.

Remote System

A Compellent Storage Center system that is receiving Replication data.

Replay

A fully usable copy of a defined collection of data that contains an image of the data as it appeared at the point in time at which the copy was initiated. For more information, refer to Data Instant Replay.

Replay Profile

Set of rules for taking Replays that is applied to all volumes using that profile.


Replication

Replication is the process of duplicating data from one highly available site to another. The replication process can be synchronous or asynchronous; duplicates are known as Replays.See Remote Instant Replay.

S

SAN

A storage area network (SAN) is a specialized network that provides access to high performance and highly available storage subsystems using block storage protocols. The SAN is made up of specific devices, such as host bus adapters (HBAs) in the host servers, switches that help route storage traffic, and disk storage subsystems. The main characteristic of a SAN is that the storage subsystems are generally available to multiple hosts at the same time, which makes them scalable and flexible. Compare with NAS.

SATA

Serial ATA creates a point-to-point connection between devices. Transfer rates for Serial ATA begin at 150MBps. Thinner serial cables facilitate more efficient airflow inside a form factor and also allow for smaller chassis designs.

SBOD

Switched Bunch of Disks.

SCSI

SCSI (Small Computer Systems Interface) is a collection of ANSI standards that define IO buses primarily intended for connecting storage devices to servers.

Server

Servers define connectivity to the Compellent System. They allow you to associate your server name to the hardware connectivity presented by the server for easy identification.

SMB

Server Message Block

SMTP

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) defines a message format and forwarding procedure to enable messages to be sent between hosts on the Internet.

Snapshot

See Replay.

SNMP

Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is an Internet-standard Layer-7 (application layer) protocol for collecting information from and configuring network devices such as servers, hubs, switches, and routers on an Internet Protocol (IP) network. SNMP can be


used to collect information about network statistics from these devices and to relay this information to a central management console to monitor network health, trap errors, perform diagnostics, and generate reports.

SOIP

Storage Over Internet Protocol, San Jose-based Nishan Systems term for linking SCSI and Fibre Channel storage interfaces with IP and Ethernet network interfaces

SSL

Secure Sockets Layer

Standard Datapage Size

For Compellent, a standard datapage size is 2 MB.

Storage Area Network

See SAN

Storage Center™

A complete storage solution that provides unified physical storage and storage management.

Storage Center Architecture integrates multiple disk technologies with multiple interfaces and controllers.

Storage Clustering

Compellent software providing automatic controller failover through multiple controllers in an active-active configuration. Fully mirrored, battery backup cache provides automatic restart in the event of a controller failure.

Storage Interface (back end)

Refers to the storage interface of the Storage Controller.

Storage Pool

An undifferentiated pool of available disk space from which Storage Center draws creates volumes.

Storage Profile

A collection of rules that identify RAID level and drive types (tiers) on which data is stored. All volumes are attached to a Storage Profile. Storage Profiles can be applied by default, per volume, to a group or all volumes. If RAID levels or tiers in a Storage Profile change, data in volumes attached to that Storage Profile is moved via Data Progression to the new RAID levels or tiers.

Storage Type

Pool of storage from which volumes are created. Storage Center is most efficient when all disks are combined into one pool of storage. Data Progression can then store data with maximum efficiency. In some circumstances, you can create additional storage types based on redundancy and data page size.


Synchronous Replication

In synchronous replication, each write to the primary disk and the secondary (remote) disk must be complete before the next write can begin. The advantage of this approach is that the two sets of data are always synchronized. The disadvantage is that if the distance between the two storage disks is substantial, the replication process can take a long time and slows down the application writing the data. See also asynchronous replication.

T

Target System

Receiver of Replication data from a Replicating Storage Center.

TCP/IP

Terminal Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

Tiers

Blocks of data that are stored according to its intended use. For example, data that has been accessed within the last four days is stored on the highest tier, composed of the fastest disks. Data that has not been accessed for the last 12 data is gradually migrated down to the lowest tier, composed of slower, cheaper, larger disks.

Thin Provisioning

Volume sizes can be defined that are greater than the actual physical storage. Storage space is only used when data is written. Thin Provisioning allows organizations to reduce their overall disk expenditures, increase availability and achieve greater performance.

Tunneling (Storage tunneling)

Fibre Channel SAN frames are encapsulated in IP packets for transport to another Fibre Channel SAN

U

Unassigned Disk

Disk drives that have not been assigned to a managed disk folder and therefore cannot be used by the system.

Unmanaged Disk

Same as unassigned disk.

UPS

Uninterruptible Power Supply. A power supply that includes a battery that will keep Storage Center running in the event of a power outage. Power from the battery will last long enough to save data in RAM and shut Storage Center down gracefully.


V

View Volume

A volume that has been recreated from a previous Replay. Refer to Creating a View Volume on page 287.

Virtualization

The amalgamation of multiple network storage devices into what appears to be a single storage unit. Virtualization makes tasks such as archiving, back-up, and recovery easier and faster. Virtualization is implemented through the Compellent controller software.

Ability to span volumes across any number of physical disks. A logical representation of physical storage assets.

Volume

A volume is a discrete area of storage striped to multiple hard disks.

Volume Type

Volume Type: can be dynamic, Replay enabled, or Replication. A volume is dynamic until at least one Replay has been taken of that volume. Once a Replay has been taken of a volume, it becomes Replay Enabled. A Replication volume is one that is being Replicated to another Storage Center system.

W

WINS

Windows server that translates a NetBIOS name to an IP address.

WWN

World Wide Name



Numerics4 Gbit, enabling 3394 MB datapage size 103512 datapage size 103866-EZSTORE 11

AA/B side firmware 181AC failure 191active volume type 47add

folder to user group 222server to folder 67user to user group 223

admin users 203Advisor Pages 17AIX 343alarm, audible 195alert

monitor 17red 144when only one path is available 96yellow warning 144

amber light, on disk 190audible alarm 195auto spare, auto sparing 168

Bback-end loops 185background processes 175balance controller ports 134bandwidth, definition 347blinking amber light, on disk 190boot from SAN 62boot time 109browsers 16

Ccache 47

card status 108change 55definition 348set per volume 36set system-wide 167

calendar, of replays 253Cambex card settings 342capacity of disk 89change IP address 70CHAP 66, 131–133chart

controller 301disk 301local port 301print 303saving 302server 300system 300volume 300

IO, view real-time statistics 51zoom 304

charting viewer 293, 297, 299controls 298downloading 295install 295requirements 295

CIFS, definition 348clean orphan replay histories 247connection button, Topology Explorer 58connectivity 80

enclosure 185FC card 116iSCSI card 121server 78

controller 105–134change name 113chart 301ID 113lead 113port, unbalanced 134

copyhistory of replay 49view event 43volume 41

Copy/Mirror/Migrateview info 49

CPU performance 111

Index


createdisk folder 99external device via Topology Explorer 61password for user 207server 65

folder 73via Topology Explorer 73

user 206user group 219volume 25, 61

from a server 71volume folder 61

critical alert 144

Ddata

digest 122, 127time-out 122transfer, view 79

data progressionamount moved in next cycle 141definition 349

datapagesize 102

DC failure 191

defaultsystem password 16, 203system user name 203user ID 16

defined size of volume 52, 142delete

disk 91disk folder 101HBA 77orphan replay histories 247remote connection 130server 67volume 33

after migration 49folder 40

destination volume 49device, create external 61

disk 85–103amber light 190capacity 98chart 301delete 91folder 98–101

change name 99create 99delete 101

foreign managed 89index 88LED on 184managed 88move 90physical view 189spare 89unassigned 89unmanaged 89

DNSdefinition 349server 111server, change 114

domain namechange 114service (See DNS)

drives (see disk)dual

mirror 102redundancy 102

dynamiccapacity, definition 349volume 53

EEmulex card settings 342enclosure 181

model number 182physical display 183

erase data 34Eth0 350events, view scheduled 22expand volume 34explorer, system 17

Ffabric, definition 350failure, power 191fans 107, 112, 193fault domain 116, 118, 121, 169

view 81


FCadapter cards 115card 114

status 118definition 350server 75

Fibre Channel. See FCfile

system, definition 350transfer protocol (see FTP)

Firefox 16folder

button, topology explorer 60FC cards 115iSCSI cards 120server 66server, create 66, 73volume

create 61properties 39

foreign managed disk 89free space 98FTP, definition 350

Gglobal spares 168graphical user interface (see GUI)group, add user 223GUI, definition 351

HHBA

add to server 69, 77delete 77remove from server 69scan for 66settings 341view individual 75view type 75

header digest 122, 127HNR, definition 351host name resolution (see HNR)HP-UX 343HTTP, definition 351Hypertext Transfer Protocol (see HTTP)

IID

default user 165of Storage Center 165

increase JRE memory 332index

of disk 88of enclosure 181of loop 187of server 74of volume 47replay profile 29

indicator 181indicator light 184initiator 118install charting viewer 295Internet Explorer 16IO 117

card properties 124module 192pending 300per second, view 83

IPaddress 114properties 114

iSCSIcard 120

add 124status 123

CHAP 66chart 124definition 352server 75

JJava 330Jumbo frames 121

enable 125

KKB

per second, view 83

LLAN definition 352last boot time 109latency, volume 300lead controller 113license 151local port

chart 301condition 111, 113

log, system 174


logicalID 181size of volume 46space consumed 53, 143unit number. See LUN

loopgraphic view of 186, 188view 187

loop, index 187LUN 31, 48

definition 352

MMAC address 123managed disk 88, 98map

create 30info 48one-step method 32remove

from server 68from volume 32

volume 30default 216via Topology Explorer 61

memory, increase JRE 332mentoring controller. See lead controllerMIB definition 353migrate

view event 43volume 42

mirrordefinition 353dual 102reverse 49view event 43volume 41

model number, enclosure 182move

server to different folder 70volume to folder 34

Mozilla 16multi-pathing 169multiple

fault domains 169servers 67volumes 53

Nname of Storage Center system 165NAT 162

definition 354navigation 18NDMP definition 354net mask, change 114NetBIOS definition 359Netware 345NFS definition 354no redundancy 102node

name 116symbolic name 75

non-critical condition 181

Oone-time replay profile, schedule 232OpenVMS 346orphan replay histories (about) 247

Ppagepool

definition 354password

change or create 207system default 16

PCI 115percent synched 49phone home 149physical space consumed 53, 143PITC see point-in-time copy 28point-in-time copy 28port

condition 111, 113failure 96ID 75primary 115reserved 115symbolic name 75TCP 122

power supply 107, 191primary

path 80port 115

print chart 303priority, copy 49privilege level of user 204privilege, change user 208


properties 299charting viewer 299controller 113IO card 124server 70system

cache 167spares 168

volume 35volume folder 39

QQlogic card settings 342

Rrack utility 196–200RAID 53

10 DM 102device 95

read cache 36, 167read-only volume 48rebalance

controller port 134data 90local ports 134scheduling RAID 95

red critical alert 144redundancy 53remote

connection 130systems 128

Remote Instant Replay 259remove

folder from user group 222map from server 68map from volume 32user group 223

renameenclosure 184replay profile 239user group 222

replay 226–253calendar 50, 253count 52, 142create 230modify 238number of 49profile 47, 57

default 228delete 240index 29view rules for 228

tab 50replay-enabled volume 47replication tab 49report, volume distribution 52, 142reporter user 203, 208reserved port 115restore deleted volume 33reverse mirror 49RHEL 344

SSAN, boot system from 62SATA 98

definition 356scan for HBA 66schedule, rebalance 95scheduled events 22security alerts 16selecting multiple components 20serial ATA See SATA


server 63–83add HBA 69, 77change name 70chart 300connection status 75connectivity 78, 80create

via System Manager 65via Topology Explorer 73

delete 67DNS 114folder

create in System Manager 66servers in 70

folder, create 73index 74mapping 81move to folder 70properties, change 70remove HBA from 69remove mapping from 68view general information 74view mapping 81

Set Update Frequency 116shelf ID 181shortcut menu 17SLES 344slot 115, 118SMTP 170SNMP 163Solaris 343Solid State Drives (see SSD)source volume 49space

allocated 140saved using RAID 5 141used 141

spare 89create 168

split mode 181start 297

charting viewer 297Storage Center 16

statistics, of volume 50status description 144, 181storage

consumption trend 139type 102

Storage Centermenu 18

Storage Profiles 305synchronization 49

systemchart 300explorer window 17global cache 167log 174manager 16properties 165

system-wide cache, enable, disable 167

Ttarget 118TCP ports 122TCP/IP definition 358telephone number of Compellent 11temperature

properties 107sensor 107, 194

time-out of user 208topology explorer 57Tru64 346tunneling definition 358

Uunassigned disks 89unbalanced port 113, 134universal power supply. See UPSunmanaged hardware 16unrecoverable condition 181update frequency, set 76UPS 195used space 141user

alias 119and groups 201–224create 206default ID 16delete 207enable 204grant access to views 210name 204, 205name, change 208password

change 211set 207

privilege 217change 208

timeout 208user group 204

create 219remove 223remove folder 222rename 222


User Volume Defaults 307

Vview

access failures 163charts 293how to open 21menu 21previous progression states 141servers in folder 70storage consumption trend 139

virtualization, definition of 359VLAN tagging 121

enable 125VMWare 346voltage 107

volume 24–62chart 51, 300copy 41create 25, 61create from server 71default 213default mapping 216definition 359delete 33destination 49distribution report 52, 141, 142dynamic 53expand 34folder

create 61delete 40properties 37, 39

index 47info 45, 46latency 300logical size 46manager, definition 203map 30mapped to server 82migrate 42mirror 41move 34pending IO 300properties 35read-only 48remove mapping from 32restore 33set cache 36source 49space allocated to 141statistics 47, 50status 45total space of selected 54type 45, 47viewing multiple 53

Wwarning

alert, yellow warning alert 144high temperature 191

window size 122Windows HBA settings 345WINS definition 359World Wide Name. See WWN 48write cache 36, 167


WWN 48definition 359of FC card 116of iSCSI card 121, 122

Zzoom, chart 304


680-019-005

680-019-005

Documents

Compellent Storage Center 4.5 User Guide