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Comparisons
ArchitecturePlease compare each of the images represented in these pairs—you are being offered three different sets of buildings to consider.
What is most significant?Think about the rationales (reasons)
for the architect’s decisions.
Amiens Cathedralfacadebegun in 1220; almost “complete” by 1375
façade of Church of Sant’AndreaLeon Battista Alberti designed 1470
Amiens CathedralAmiens, France1220-1288floor plan
PalladioVilla Rotunda1550elevation
Abbey Church of Saint-DenisSaint-Denis, France 1140-44
Standing in the choir, looking northeast at about 1:30.
The Spedale degli Innocenti was a foundling children’s orphanage established in 1419 and designed by Filippo Brunelleschi.
Brunelleschi Dome of Florence Cathedral 1417-36
Donato BramanteTempietto 1502-1510
PerspectiveHow does each artist attempt to represent a sense of depth (three-dimensional space) in his work of art?
Please compare the works of art using the slides as your basis for discussion.
You should discuss both the similarities you notice as well as the differences. An outstanding answer will use specific terms and will link assertions to specific visual evidence.
Lamentation (The Pieta)
Giotto di BondoneArena Chapel Padua, Italyfor the Scrovegni family c. 1304-1313
detail: Effects of Good Government in the CountrysideAmbrogio Lorenzetti Allegory of the Good Government1338-40 fresco Palazzo Pubblico, Siena
Paolo UccelloBernardino della Ciarda Thrown Off His Horse from The Battle of San
Romano1450stempera on wood, 182 x 220 cmGalleria degli Uffizi, Florence
Leonardo da Vinci Annunciation 1472-1475 tempera on panel
Raphael The School of Athens 1509fresco, width at the base 770 cm Stanza della Segnatura, Palazzi Pontifici, Vatican
Hunters in the Snow (January) Pieter Bruegel the Elder
MediumsHow does the medium which each artist used affect the final finished work of art?
In other words, what do you notice about each work? How has the medium affected what the artist is able to do or not do?
You should discuss both the similarities you notice as well as the differences. An outstanding answer will use specific terms and will link assertions to specific visual evidence.
DuccioMadonna and Child with Six Angels1300-05
Roger van der Weyden Portrait of a Lady1460
Piero della FrancescaPortrait of Battista Sforza1465-66
Leonardo da Vinci The Mona Lisa
1503
Michelangelo
The Sistine Chapel (Capella Sistina), Vatican
1510
The Creation of Adam
Antonio del PollaiuoloBattle of the Nudes1465-70
St Jerome in his StudyAlbrecht Dürer 1514engraving
Patronage and PoliticsHow does each work of art reflect or represent the patron’s desires or intentions?
Giotto di BondoneArena Chapel Padua, Italy c. 1304-1313
Detail of Enrico Scrovegni from The Last Judgement fresco.•
Ambrogio Lorenzetti Allegory of the Good Government1338-40 Palazzo Pubblico, Sienafresco
Nanni di Banco Four Crowned Martyrs1410-1413Church of Orsanmichele
Jan van EyckPortrait of Giovanni Arnolfini and His Wife, Giovanna Cenami1434
Hugo van der GoesPortinari Altarpiece 1476Patron: Tommaso Portinari; he managed the Medici bank in Bruges. Eventually, Portinari took this eight-foot tall altarpiece back to Florence with him, where he installed the altarpiece in the family chapel in the Church of Sant’Egidio in Florence. This work has a tremendous impact on Florentine artists like Ghirlandaio.
DonatelloJudith and Holofernes 1455-60BronzePalazzo Vecchio, Florence
MichelangeloDavid
c. 1501-1504marble
RaphaelPope Leo X with Cardinals Giulio
de' Medici and Luigi de' Rossi1518-19
oil on wood
The Four ApostlesAlbrecht Dürer1526oil on lindenwood
This painting marks Durer’s conversion to Protestantism.Note in the foreground: Paul and John, who were the favorites of Martin Luther.Peter who holds a key and is considered the founder of the Catholic Church is situated behind John.John is holding a bible that is open to a passage that reads, “in the beginning was the word, and the word was God…” Paul in the foreground also holds a book. Mark is behind Paul; Mark looks over his shoulder suspiciously. Paul wrote, the just shall live by faith alone.” Note the monumentality—like Giotto…
Who is taller? What does “height” argue? That the “book” is more important than key. Note, Paul stares directly at the viewer. This work was given to the town elders of Nuremburg—there was no patron. Durer chose to make these images.
The Human FormPlease discuss what the human form is meant to argue or represent in each of these works.
Please compare these two works of art using the slides as your basis for discussion.
You should discuss both the similarities you notice as well as the differences. An outstanding answer will use specific terms and will link assertions to specific visual evidence.
Sandro BotticelliThe Birth of Venus
1484-86
DonatelloSt Mary Magdalenc. 1457wood
Jan van EyckAdam and Eve
from The Ghent Altarpiece1432
MasaccioThe Expulsion from Paradise 1426-27
fresco cycle in the Brancacci Chapel in the Church of Santa del Carmine in Florence
Rogier van der Weyden Deposition 1442
Matthias GrunewaldIsenheim Altarpiecec. 1515 oil on wood panel
center panel
Lorenzo GhibertiThe Sacrifice of Isaac1401bronze doors for the Florence Cathedral Baptistery
BronzinoPortrait of a Young Man1540-1545oil on wood panel
in situDiscuss how the context of these works
affects these pieces.If appropriate, please consider how the context affects the actual object that was made, the argument that the work makes because of its context, and the problem that the
context created as well as the solution that the artist created to this contextual challenge.
Hans MemlingMartyrdom of Saint Ursula1489
Domenico GhirlandaioSassetti ChapelChurch of Santa Trinita Florence1482-1486
Resurrection of the BoyAdoration of the MagiSassetti Patrons
MasaccioTrinity 1425-28Fresco, 667 x 317 cmSanta Maria Novella, Florence
Fran Angelico
view of a cell1440-41Annunciation
Fresco, 190 x 164 cmConvento di San Marco,
Florence
perspective
Please discuss how the perspective is represented in these works.
If appropriate, please discuss the development of perspective as evidenced by these three different representations of space;
consider not only how perspective is rendered but also what the artist seemed to be privileging or using perspective to argue.
Giotto
Virgin and Christ Enthroned
1310
for the main altar of the Church of the Ognissanti, Florence
Giotto The Lamentation (The Pieta)Arena Chapel Padua, Italy
Rogier van der Weyden Deposition 1442
October
Limbourg Brothers(Paul, Herman, Jean)Tres Riches Heures 1413-1416
Paolo UccelloBernardino della Ciarda Thrown Off His Horse
1450sTempera on wood, 182 x 220 cm
Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence
DonatelloHerod's Banquet1427bronzeBaptistry, Siena
Perugino Delivery of the Keys to Saint Peter 1481fresco on the right wall of the Sistine Chapel, Vatican, Rome
light
Please discuss what light is meant to argue, represent, or accomplish in each of these works.
Rheims Cathedral begun in 1211; almost “complete” by 1285
Robert CampinMerode Altarpiece1425-1428
central panel: Annunciation
detail: The NativityGentile da FabrianoAdoration of the MagiSanta Trinita, Florence1423
Dream of ConstantinePiero della Francesca fresco cycle The Legend of the True Cross Bacci Chapel, Church of San Francesco, Arezzo1454-1458
The Temptation of Saint Anthony by Hieronymus Bosch
The Temptation of Saint Anthony Hieronymus Bosch
detail of the central panel
Gothic versus early RenaissanceWhy can one piece be considered Gothic while the other definitely demonstrates the humanistic concerns and/or artistic developments of the Renaissance?
In other words: what do you see? How can you use this visual evidence as a basis for categorization?
Gothic Sculptor, Frenchfigures on the north transept1200-10stoneCathedral, Chartres
Lorenzo Ghiberti
Sacrifice of Isaac
competition panel for the east doors of the Baptistery of
FlorenceCathedral1401-1402
Giotto di BondoneArena Chapel Padua, Italyfor the Scrovegni family
The Lamentation(The Pieta)
Rogier van der Weyden Deposition 1442
Matthias GrunewaldLamentation of Christ
before 1523oil on pine wood
36 x 136 cm
Lorenzo GhibertiSt John the Baptist1412-16bronzeChurch of Orsanmichele
Donatello St. Markc. 1411 marbleOrsanmichele, Florence
MichelangeloMoses1515marble