Comparison of Route Optimization and Reverse Routing for ...ljilja/ENSC835/Fall03/Projects/pang... · November 27, 2003 Introduction: Motivation Popularity of wireless communications

Comparison of Route Optimization and Reverse Comparison of Route Optimization and Reverse Routing for Mobile IP Over IPv4Routing for Mobile IP Over IPv4

AdaAda Pang (Pang (smpangsmpang@@sfusfu.ca).ca)Edlic Yiu (Edlic Yiu (enyiuenyiu@@sfusfu.ca).ca)

Edwood Yiu (Edwood Yiu (eyiueyiu@@sfusfu.ca).ca)

http://www.http://www.sfusfu.ca/~.ca/~eyiueyiu

November 27, 2003November 27, 2003

ENSC 835ENSC 835--3: High3: High--Speed NetworksSpeed Networks

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RoadmapRoadmap

IntroductionIntroduction

Mobile IP OverviewMobile IP Overview

ImplementationImplementation

Results & AnalysisResults & Analysis

ConclusionConclusion

ReferencesReferences

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Introduction: Introduction: MotivationMotivation

Popularity of wireless communications and Popularity of wireless communications and portable devicesportable devices

The The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)introduced Mobile IP (MIP) to support mobile IP introduced Mobile IP (MIP) to support mobile IP addressesaddresses

Route Optimization in Mobile IP (ROMIP) Route Optimization in Mobile IP (ROMIP) ––address efficiencyaddress efficiency

Reverse Routing (RRMIP) Reverse Routing (RRMIP) –– message message simplificationsimplification

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Introduction: Introduction: Project ObjectiveProject Objective

Complete Route Optimization in NSComplete Route Optimization in NS--2 started 2 started by Leo Chen in Spring 2002by Leo Chen in Spring 2002

Provide a quantitative efficiency evaluation Provide a quantitative efficiency evaluation between MIP and ROMIPbetween MIP and ROMIP

Implement an alternate route optimization Implement an alternate route optimization ––Reverse RoutingReverse Routing

Compare performance between the two Compare performance between the two protocolsprotocols

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What is Mobile IP?What is Mobile IP?

Provides continuous Internet connectivity to the Provides continuous Internet connectivity to the mobile usermobile user

Terminologies:Terminologies:

–– Home Agent (HA) / Foreign Agent (FA)Home Agent (HA) / Foreign Agent (FA)–– Mobile Host (MH)Mobile Host (MH)–– Corresponding Host (CH)Corresponding Host (CH)–– CareCare--OfOf--Address (COA)Address (COA)

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CH

HA

FA

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CH

HA

FA

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CH

HA

FA

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Problem: Triangle RoutingProblem: Triangle Routing

MIP allows transparent interMIP allows transparent inter--operation between operation between MH and CHMH and CH

Indirect routing Indirect routing –– nonnon--efficient use of routing efficient use of routing packetspackets

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MIP Overview: MIP Overview: Route OptimizationRoute Optimization

Binding CacheBinding Cache

Allow packets to be sent directly to the MH, Allow packets to be sent directly to the MH, bypassing the HAbypassing the HA

Use 4 messages:Use 4 messages:

–– Binding Update (BU)Binding Update (BU)–– Binding Acknowledge (BA)Binding Acknowledge (BA)–– Binding Warning (BW)Binding Warning (BW)–– Binding Request (BR)Binding Request (BR)

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FA

HA

CH

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FA

HA

CH

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FA

HA

CH

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Route Optimization: Smooth handoffRoute Optimization: Smooth handoff

DatagramsDatagrams in flight to the MH are lost during a in flight to the MH are lost during a transition period between different FAtransition period between different FA’’ss

MH informs the previous FA of the new MH addressMH informs the previous FA of the new MH address

Creates a temporary binding cache to address inCreates a temporary binding cache to address in--flight packetsflight packets

MH needs to retransmit BU messages to the MH needs to retransmit BU messages to the previous FA until a BA is receivedprevious FA until a BA is received

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MIP Overview: MIP Overview: Smooth HandoffSmooth Handoff

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CH

FA

FA

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CH

FA

FA

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CH

FA

FA

Binding Updatefrom HA

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CH

FA

FA

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MIP Overview: MIP Overview: Reverse RoutingReverse Routing

Why Reverse Routing?Why Reverse Routing?ROMIP ROMIP –– complex protocol and inconsistent cache complex protocol and inconsistent cache mobility bindingmobility binding

Offers simplicity of MIP and direct routing of Offers simplicity of MIP and direct routing of ROMIPROMIP

OverviewOverviewMH sends new COA directly to the CH via a MH sends new COA directly to the CH via a registration messageregistration message

CH router updates its routing table so that packets CH router updates its routing table so that packets for MH are routed directly to the new COAfor MH are routed directly to the new COA

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CH

HA

FA

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CH

HA

FA

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CH

FA

13

FA

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CH

FA

13

FA

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CH

FA

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FA

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Installed NS 2.1b8 on LinuxInstalled NS 2.1b8 on Linux

Got LeoGot Leo’’s implementation workings implementation working

Completed the Route Optimization protocolCompleted the Route Optimization protocol

Added Binding Request HandlingAdded Binding Request Handling

Added Binding Acknowledge HandlingAdded Binding Acknowledge Handling

Added smooth handoffAdded smooth handoff

Added Reverse RoutingAdded Reverse Routing

Upgraded to NS 2.26Upgraded to NS 2.26

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Agent

MIPBSAgent MIPMHAgent

Classifier

MIPDecapsulatorMIPEncapsulator

MobileNode

MIPBS MIPMH

Node

Route OptimizationReverse RoutingBoth

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C++OTCL

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Protocol performance of ROMIP vs. MIPProtocol performance of ROMIP vs. MIP

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Average Delay (s)

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Smooth handoff performance (compared to LeoSmooth handoff performance (compared to Leo’’s)s)

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Average Delay (s)

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Reverse Routing performance graphReverse Routing performance graph

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Average Delay (s)

Time (s)

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Future WorkFuture Work

Comparison of ROMIP/RRMIP with other Comparison of ROMIP/RRMIP with other approaches [7]approaches [7]

Comparison of mobility support between IPv4 Comparison of mobility support between IPv4 and IPv6and IPv6

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ConclusionConclusion

ROMIP does offer better performance than MIPROMIP does offer better performance than MIP

Smooth handoff offers smaller packet lost Smooth handoff offers smaller packet lost during during ‘‘transitiontransition’’ periodsperiods

Reverse Routing does eliminate inefficiency of Reverse Routing does eliminate inefficiency of MIP and complexity of ROMIPMIP and complexity of ROMIP

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ReferencesReferences

[1] H. Chen and L. [1] H. Chen and L. TrajkovicTrajkovic, "Simulation of Route , "Simulation of Route OptimzationOptimzation in Mobile in Mobile IP," SFU, Sept 11, 2002.IP," SFU, Sept 11, 2002.

[2] C. Perkins, "IP Mobility Support," RFC 2002, October 1996: [2] C. Perkins, "IP Mobility Support," RFC 2002, October 1996: http://www.http://www.ietfietf.org/.org/rfcrfc/rfc2002.txt /rfc2002.txt (accessed in October 2003).(accessed in October 2003).

[3] C. Perkins, "IP Mobility Support For IPv4," RFC 3220, Januar[3] C. Perkins, "IP Mobility Support For IPv4," RFC 3220, January 2002: y 2002: http://www.http://www.ietfietf.org/.org/rfcrfc/rfc3220.txt /rfc3220.txt (accessed in October 2003).(accessed in October 2003).

[4] C. Perkins and D. Johnson, "Route Optimization in Mobile IP,[4] C. Perkins and D. Johnson, "Route Optimization in Mobile IP," Internet " Internet Draft, February 2000: Draft, February 2000: hhttpttp://people.://people.nokianokia.net/~.net/~charliepcharliep/txt//txt/optimoptim//optimoptim.txt .txt (accessed in October 2003).(accessed in October 2003).

[5] P. Calhoun and C. Perkins, "Mobile IP Challenge/Response Ext[5] P. Calhoun and C. Perkins, "Mobile IP Challenge/Response Extensions," ensions," RFC 3012, November 2000: RFC 3012, November 2000: http://www.http://www.ietfietf.org/.org/rfcrfc/rfc3012.txt /rfc3012.txt (accessed in October 2003).(accessed in October 2003).

[6] P. [6] P. ZhouZhou and O. Yang, "Reverse Routing: An Alternative to MIP and and O. Yang, "Reverse Routing: An Alternative to MIP and ROMIP Protocols," Proceedings of 1999 IEEE Canadian Conference oROMIP Protocols," Proceedings of 1999 IEEE Canadian Conference on n Electrical and Computer Engineering, Volume 1, pp. 150Electrical and Computer Engineering, Volume 1, pp. 150--155. 155.

[7] R. [7] R. JainJain, T. Raleigh, et al. , T. Raleigh, et al. ““Enhancing Survivability of Mobile Internet Enhancing Survivability of Mobile Internet Access Using Mobile IP with Location RegistersAccess Using Mobile IP with Location Registers””, INFOCOM, INFOCOM’’99. 99. Proceedings of Eighteenth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Proceedings of Eighteenth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies. Volume: 1 pp. 3 Computer and Communications Societies. Volume: 1 pp. 3 –– 11.11.

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Comparison of Route Optimization and Reverse Routing for ...ljilja/ENSC835/Fall03/Projects/pang... · November 27, 2003 Introduction: Motivation Popularity of wireless communications