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Herbavescent Herbal Garden Page 1
PROPOSED HERBAVESCENT HERBAL GARDEN
INTRODUCTION
1. To establish a herbal garden for mother plants/ selected
seedlings for commercial herbal production. The contracted plantation will provide the company with the source of extraction for its effervescent herbal products
OBJECTIVES
1. To set up a 50 acres herbal garden with 17 types of fruit trees and herbs as well as Jatropha plant.
2. The herbal garden is the showcase for the clients and
customers of the company’s herbal products 3. The herbal garden will be the centre of research and
development of the particular herbs and plants for present and future developments of global herbal products
4. The herbal garden will attract collaboration and researchers
in similar fields worldwide as the garden site is conducive and situated at a cool and hilly resort with panoramic view.
5. It can also serve as an agro-ecological resort for selected tourists.
LOCATION
1. Bentong, Pahang (attach location map, photos)
TYPE OF PLANTS/HERBS
1. The types of plants and herbs to be planted include:-
i. mangosteen ii. tongkat ali
iii. kacip fatimah iv. hempedu bumi v. misai kucing
vi. safed musli vii. amla (indian goosberry) plant
viii. roselle ix. jatropha x. mas cotek
xi. peria xii. pegaga
xiii. dragon fruit xiv. guava xv. gurmar
xvi. ubi jaga xvii. aloe vera
Herbavescent Herbal Garden Page 2
2. Details of the proposed plants and herbs
i. Mangosteen
The mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) is a tropical evergreen
tree, believed to have originated in the
Sunda Islands and the Moluccas. The
tree grows from 7 to 25 meters tall.
The rind (exocarp) of the edible fruit is
deep reddish purple when ripe.
Botanically an aril, the fragrant edible
flesh is sweet and creamy, citrusy with some peach flavor.
Mangosteen is closely related to other
edible tropical fruits such as button
mangosteen and lemondrop mangosteen.
Mangosteen is typically advertised and
marketed as part of an emerging category
of novel functional foods sometimes called
"superfruits" presumed to have a
combination of 1) appealing subjective
characteristics, such as taste, fragrance and
visual qualities, 2) nutrient richness, 3)
antioxidant strength and 4) potential impact for lowering risk against human diseases.
Prefers humid conditions with over 100" of
rain per year. Mangosteens can be planted near streams,
ponds, or other bodies of water where portions of their root
systems remain moist year-round. Heavy mulching is
recommended in drier areas to retain soil moisture. Flowering
and fruiting usually occurs in summer or after periods of heavy
rainfall.
Mature trees may bear anywhere from 100-3000 fruits.
Propagation: Seeds have extremely short viability, only 1-5
days, and must be planted immediately upon removal from the fruit. Germination takes place in 2-3 weeks.
Seedlings soon develop a long tap root which is vital to the
survival of the tree so great care should be taken when
transplanting. Other forms of propagation are usually
unsuccessful. Fruiting takes from 6-12 years from seed.
Herbavescent Herbal Garden Page 3
ii. Tongkat ali
Tongkat Ali - Eurycoma Longifolia Jackis a small tree to 15 m
high. Plants dioecious (flowers on a plant are
either male or female). Leaves compound,
long, and crowded at the tips of the
branches. When the leaves fall they leave
large scars on the stems. Leaflets are ovate-
lanceolate, sessile or nearly so, and opposite.
Flowers are borne in auxiliary panicles,
mostly large and lax, and puberulous with
short hairs. Flowers unisexual; the male
always with a sterile pistil, female always
with sterile stamens. Fruits ellipsoid or ovoid,
10-20 x 5-12 mm, green to blackish-red
when ripe.
Ecology E. Longifolia prefers acid and sandy
soils at low altitude up to 700 m above sea level. Plants usually
grow in beach forests, primary and secondary forests, mixed
dipterocarp forests and also in heath forests.
In South East Asia all parts of E. longifolia plants, in particular
the roots, have long been used medicinally. The barks of the
roots are used in the Malay Peninsula to cure fever, ulcers in
the mouth, and intestinal worms. It is also used as a tonic after
childbirth. People in some regions of Sumatra and Kalimantan
also use the root as an anti-pyretic. In Lampung and Belitung it
is used as a medicine for dysentery.
iii. Kacip Fatimah
Labisa Pumila, commonly known as Kacip Fatimah is the female
version of Tongkat Ali. Kacip Fatimah is a
small woody and leafy plant that grows and
can be found widely in the shade of forest
floors. The leaves are about 20 centimetres
long, and they are traditionally used as a
kind of tea by women who experience a loss of libido.
Extract from these herbs are usually ground into powder
substances and are made into capsules and pills. A concoction
made from boiling the plant in water is given to women in
labour to hasten delivery of their babies. After childbirth, it may
still be consumed by mothers to regain their strength. In other
medicinal preparations, it can treat gonorrhoea, dysentery and eliminate excessive gas in the body.
Herbavescent Herbal Garden Page 4
Traditionally, it is used for enhancing vitality, overcome
tiredness and help to tone vaginal muscles for women.Kacip
Fatimah, the women’s tongkat ali has been used for generations
in Borneo in maintaining the figure, health and vitality of
women. Kacip fatimah is the female Tongkat Ali and for centuries -it has been used in Borneo to restore womenhood.
iv. Hempedu bumi
Hempedu Bumi is shown to be superior to Milk Thistle
(Silymarin) in its liver protective and bile
promoting properties. The active
constituents, the andrographolides act
as strong antioxidants, protecting the
liver and digestive system. Laboratory
and clinical trials have demonstrated its
effectiveness in cases of toxic liver
damage, poor liver function and
hepatitis.
Andrographis paniculata (Burm. F.) Nees is a herb from the
family Acanthaceae, found throughout
Southeast Asia, and known locally as
"hempedu bumi" and "akar cerita". This an
annual herb has been commonly known as
'king of bitter' and is reported to have
analgesic, antimalarial, anti-inflammatory,
antineoplastic, antiulcerogenic, antibacterial,
febrifuge, antiplatelet, antidiarrhoeal and
antithrombotic properties, also possess
protective activity against various liver disorders. It is a reputed
remedy in Malaysia for diabetes and hypertension
v. Misai kucing
Misai Kucing have been trusted for years to support the
urinary tract and kidneys. Orthosiphon stamineus is believed to
promote the elimination of fluids, nitrogenous
substances, and sodium chloride. The whole
plant has been used for treatment of kidney
diseases and dysuria with urinary stones.
Misai Kucing is a perennial herb, 0.3-1m
high. This herb has been identified as an
alternative treatment for ailments associated with joint inflammation and kidney stones.
Its inherent high potassium content is sufficient to balance any
the loss of potassium arising from the diuretic effect. In
addition, this plant is also reported to possess anti-fungal, anti-
inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties.
Herbavescent Herbal Garden Page 5
vi. Safed musli
Safed Musli is a rare divine-graced herb to offer all the effects
required for achievement of health par
excellence or for attaining the ultimate
positive health. It treats male sexual
inadequacies like oligospermia, lack of
libido, impotency, etc, general debility. It is
also used as major components in all kinds of sex-tonics and capsules.
Safed Musli is also gaining increasing acceptance as a vitalizer
and health-giving tonic, a curative for pre-natal and post-natal
problems, a restorative for immunity-improvement and as a
remedy for diabetes and arthritis.
vii. Amla (indian goosberry) plant
Indian Gooseberry, Emblic myrobalan, Amla, Amalaki
Amla is one of the most often used herb
in Indian ayurveda. It has a reputation
as a powerful rejuvenating herb. The
Amla is reputed to have the highest
content of vitamin C of any natural
occurring substances in nature Indian
Research shows that 8.75 mg of natural
vitamin C complex from Amla is
equivalent to 100mg of the most
commonly used synthetic vitamin C. Amla prossesses the
highest level of heat and storage stable vitamin C known to
man.
Plant Description: Amla is a medium-sized deciduous tree
with gray bark and reddish wood which successfully grows in
variable agro-climatic and soil conditions. Amla leaves are
feathery, linear oblong in shape and smell like lemon. The
flowers are greenish yellow in colour which starts appearing in
the beginning of spring season. The matured tree can tolerate a
high temperature of 45øC as well as a freezing temperature.
Thus, it is not much influenced by hot winds and frost. It is a
potential crop which grows in the marginal soils and various
kinds of degraded lands such as salt-affected soils, salines and
dry and semi-dry regions. Amla tree is found growing in the
plains and sub-mountain on tracts all over the India and Indian
subcontinent.
BENEFITS OF AMLA:
Herbavescent Herbal Garden Page 6
The edible fruit tissue of Amla contains protein concentration
3-fold and ascorbic acid concentration 160-fold than those
of apples. This fruit also contains considerably higher
concentration of most minerals and amino acids than
apples.
Amla juice has twenty times more vitamin C than orange
juice.
Amla is used as cosmetic in India. It is an accepted hair
tonic in traditional recipes for enriching hair growth and pigmentation.
viii. Roselle
Hibiscus sabdariffa is a species of hibiscus native to the
countries in tropics. It is an annual or perennial herb or woody-
based subshrub, growing to 2–2.5 m tall. The leaves are deeply
three- to five-lobed, 8–15 cm long, arranged alternately on the
stems.
A roselle variety planted in Malaysia. Roselle fruits are
harvested fresh, and their calyces are made into a pro-health
drink rich in vitamin C and anthocyanins.
Climate
Roselle is very sensitive to frost. It succeeds best in tropical and
subtropical regions from sea-level up to 3,000 ft (900 m) with a
rainfall of about 72 in (182 cm) during its growing season.
Where rainfall is inadequate, irrigation has given good results.
It can be grown as a summer crop in temperate regions. The fruits will not ripen, but the herbage is usable.
Propagation
Roselle is usually propagated by seed but grows readily from
cuttings. The latter method results in shorter plants preferred in
India for interplanting with tree crops but the yield of calyces is relatively low.
Culture
Seedlings may be raised in nursery beds and transplanted when
3 to 4 in (7.5-10 cm) high, but seeds are usually set directly in
the field, 4 to 6 to a hill, the hills 3 to 6 ft (0.9-1.8 m) apart in
rows 5 to 10 ft (1.5-3 m) apart. When 2 or 3 leaves have
Herbavescent Herbal Garden Page 7
developed, the seedlings are thinned out by 50%. If grown
mainly for herbage, the seed can be sown as early as March,
and no early thinning is done.
Roselle is a short-day plant and photoperiodic. Unlike kenaf,
roselle crops cannot be grown successively throughout the year.
Whatever fertilizer would be ordinarily used for vegetables but
only 1/4 to 1/2 the usual amount should be applied. An excess
of ammonia encourages vegetative growth and reduces fruit
production. Commercial fertilizer of the formula 4-6-7 NPK has proved satisfactory.
Weeding is necessary at first, but after the plants reach 1 1/2 to
2 ft (45-60 cm) in height, weeds will be shaded out and no
longer a problem. Early pruning will increase branching and
development of more flowering shoots.
Harvesting
For herbage purposes, the plants may be cut off 6 weeks after
transplanting, leaving only 3 to 4 in (7.5-10 cm) of stem in the
field. A second cutting is made 4 weeks later and a third after
another 4 weeks. Then the shorn plants are thinned out–2 of
every 3 rows removed–and the remaining plants left to grow and develop fruit as a second product.
The fruits are harvested when full-grown but still tender and, at
this stage, are easily snapped off by hand. They are easier to
break off in the morning than at the end of the day. If
harvesting is overdue and the stems have toughened, clippers must be used.
The fruits of roselle ripen progressively from the lowest to the
highest. Harvesting of seeds takes place when the lower and
middle tiers of the last of the fruits are allowed to mature, at
which time the plants are cut down, stacked for a few days, then threshed between canvas sheets.
Yield
Calyx production per plant has ranged from 3 lbs (1.3 kg) to 4
lbs (1.8 kg) . Roselle intercropped with rubber yielded 16,800
lbs per acre (roughly 16,800 kg/ha) when planted alone. Dual-
purpose plantings can yield 19,000 lbs (17,000 kg) of herbage in 3 cuttings and, later, 13,860 lbs (6,300 kg) of calyces.
Herbavescent Herbal Garden Page 8
ix. Jatropha
Jatropha curcas or Barbados nut or Physic nut is a
perennial poisonous shrub (up to 5 m high) belonging to the
Euphorbiaceae or spurge family. The plant, originating in
Central America, is mainly grown in Asia and in Africa, where it
is known as Pourghère. It is resistant to a high degree of aridity
and as such does not compete with food crops. When the seeds
are crushed, the resulting jatropha oil can be processed to
produce a high-quality biodiesel fuel that can be used in a
standard diesel engine.
Cultivation is uncomplicated.
Jatropha curcas can grow in
wastelands and grows almost
anywhere, even on gravelly,
sandy and saline soils. It can
thrive on the poorest stony soil
and grow in the crevices of rocks.
Complete germination is
achieved within 9 days. Adding
manure during the germination
has negative effects during that
phase, but is favourable if
applied after germination is
achieved. However, it is usually
multiplied by cuttings, because this gives faster results than multiplication by seeds.
The flowers only develop terminally, so a good ramification
(plants presenting many branches) produces the greatest
amount of fruits. Another productivity factor is the ratio
between female and male flowers within an inflorescence
(usually about 1 female to 10 male flowers - more female
flowers mean more fruits). Jatropha curcas thrives on a mere
250 mm (10 in) of rain a year, and only during its first two
years does it need to be watered in the closing days of the dry
season. Ploughing and planting are not needed regularly, as this shrub has a life expectancy of approximately forty years.
The use of pesticides and other polluting substances are not
necessary, due to the pesticidal and fungicidal properties of the plant
One tonne of Jatropha Curcas seeds will produce approximately
350-400 litres of bio-diesel from good quality seeds.
Recommended planting rates of Jatropha Curcas are 2,500 plants per hectare (2.5 acres).
One person can harvest up to 30kg of Jatropha Curcas fruit per hour
Herbavescent Herbal Garden Page 9
x. Mas cotek
These plants are shrubs. The Ficus deltoidea grows erect,
developing a short stem with a small crown, usually roundish.
Ficus deltoidea Is an evergreen; during winter iIt assumes a
green colouring; the adult specimens are medium in size and
reach 2 m high. Emas cotet is a rare herb which is well known
in the north western staes of Malaysia as a potent female tonic
and commonly used in the preparation of traditional post natal
treatment. This herb is also concocted and consumed by both
men and women for its tonifiying effect
Cultivation: F. deltoidea is
cultivated as a houseplant
for its attractive foliage. It is
said to be one of the only
Ficus species that will
produce fruits when
cultivated indoors
It also makes a nice shrub or
foreground subject for larger trees The hedge is rather large,
reaching about 3-4 m in height with long arching branches that
appeared to reach into and climb up other adjacent small trees.
This plantprefers warmth and humidity and produces aerial
roots under such conditions
Propagation: Ficus species propagate from seed and many
cuttings. Trees can begin life as epiphytes on other trees.
xi. Peria katak
Bitter melon (Momordica charantia). Also known as balsam
pear, this vegetable, widely cultivated for food in Asia, Africa
and South
America, is widely known as a folk
remedy in diabetes. This fruit looks
like an ugly cucumber, green and
covered with gourd-like bumps. Many
studies, including a 2003 study
published in the American Journal of
Health-System Pharmacy, have demonstrated the hypoglycemic effect of this herb.
Bitter melon, commonly available in Chinese restaurants and
Asian grocery stores, can be steamed or sautéed and eaten as a
food. The fresh juice, dried herb and water decoction (tea) are
all effective. Studies showed good results with 2 ounces of juice each day.
Herbavescent Herbal Garden Page 10
xii. Pegaga
Pegaga or Centella Asiatica grows in the swampy areas of India,
Pakistan and Sri Lanka. Also known as Indian Pennywort this
plant is used for the treatment of leprosy,
bronchitis, asthma, syphilis, and as a wound
healing agent. Used for promote blood
circulation, especially for brain. Thus it is
refered as the food memory enhances. It can
treat asthma, gastric, large intestine and
urethra inflammation, leucomhoea, improve
digestion and kidney problem.
The herbs calming properties make it well suited for overcoming
insomnia and making one calm for yoga and meditative practices.
It is commonly used to rebuild energy reserves improve memory
and treat fatigue, both mental and physical.
Gotu Kola has been found to have significant results in healing of
skin, other connective tissues, lymph tissue, blood vessels, and
mucous membranes. Researchers have found that Gotu kola
contains several glycosides that exhibit wound healing and anti-
inflammatory activities and that asiaticosides stimulate the formation of lipids and proteins necessary for healthy skin.
xiii. Dragon fruit
A vining, terrestrial or epiphytic cactus, with fleshy stems
reaching from a few inches up to 20ft long (in mature plants).
The plant may grow out of, and over the ground or climb onto trees using aerial roots.
It grows best in dry, tropical or subtropical
climates where annual rainfall ranges from
20-50" per year. In wet, tropical zones,
plants may grow well but sometimes have problems setting fruit reliably.
Will tolerate temperatures to 104F, and short periods of frost,
but prolonged cold will damage or kill the
plant.
The plants aren't usually too picky as to
soil type, but because of their epiphytic
nature, it is recommended to grow them in
soil that is supplemented with high amounts of organic material.
The plant has been grown successfully in sandy soils. Shade is
sometimes provided in hot climates. Flowers are ornate and
beautiful, and many related species are propagated as
Herbavescent Herbal Garden Page 11
ornamentals. They bloom only at night, and usually last just
one night where pollination is necessary to set fruit. In full
production, pitahaya plants can have up to 4-6 fruiting cycles per year.
Propagation: By seed, or by stem cuttings
xiv. Guava
The guava tree is a low evergreen tree or shrub 6 to 25 feet
high, with wide spreading branches and downy twigs. The
branches are very strong and highly tolerant to high winds. The
leaves are oblong or oval and blunt, 3 to 6 inches long, and
feather-veined. T he fruit is yellow and lemon-shaped. Some
fruits may be brownish yellow.
The inside of the fruit
has pink or cream-
colored pulp and small
hard seeds. Guava grows
in almost any type of
soil.
For fruit production, it is
recommended that the guava trees are not planted in areas of high wind.
Seedling orchard should be planted with an operational area of
24 to 25 feet between rows with trees planted in-row at 8 to 12
foot spacing because of economic reasons. Guava fruit are
hand picked. Guavas require care when being picked and
harvest cannot go on for more than 2 to 3 days during the
height of the season because of potential losses from insects
and overripe fruit.
Guava is used to produce jams, jellys, and juices commercially.
Guava may be eaten raw or cooked. Guavas are an excellent
source of vitamin C and also contain iron calcium, and phosphorus.
Guava trees can be nursery propagated by grafting, by budding,
by stem cutting (succulent green stems), or by root cuttings
Herbavescent Herbal Garden Page 12
xv. Gurmar
Gurmar leaf (Gymnema sylvestre). This remarkable herb, well
known in Ayurvedic medicine, is just
beginning to get serious attention in the
United States. When chewed, the plant’s
leaves interfere with the ability to taste
sweetness, which explains its Hindi name,
gurmar, “destroyer of sugar.”
It has been used in India for the treatment
of diabetes for more than 2,000 years. Used primarily for type 2
diabetes, its benefits extend to type 1, and it continues to be
recommended today in India. The leaves raise insulin levels
when administered to healthy volunteers. Gurmar tends to be a
blood sugar balancer, lowering glucose significantly only in
hyperglycemic people. It also significantly improves cholesterol
and triglyceride levels. Traditionally, 6 to 12 grams of the
powdered leaf each day is used. Studies recently performed in
India have used 400 mg daily of an extract of the leaves. In
type 2 diabetics, ongoing use for periods as long as 18 to 24
months has been successful. In type 1 diabetic patients, a
similar amount of 400 mg daily has been used as an adjunct to ongoing use of insulin.
In one recent study at the University of Madras, gurmar showed
the potential for repairing the pancreas and raising the output
of insulin to normal levels. Another Indian study reported that
25 percent of the participants were able to discontinue all diabetes medication with the use of gurmar.
xvi. Ubi jaga
Ubi Jaga is a creeper plant that grown wild in the tropical forest
in South East Asia. It improves blood circulation. It is
traditionally used as one of herbal medicine to strengthen male
energy, as a general tonic, and to increase
body metabolism. Extracts from this plant
possess significant activity against
enterobacterial infections in humans. Also,
this plant was able to counteract the
inhibitory effects of glycyrrhizic acid (active
ingredient of liquorice) and the deleterious
effect of corticosterone (glucocorticoid) on
testicular 11â-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
oxidative activity, as well as plasma testosterone levels in intact
rats. Further studies also show that this plant and
deoxycorticosterone (corticosteroid) competitively blocked each
other at the glucocorticoid receptor affecting the above
oxidative activity and as such, administration of this plant
counteracted the effects of deoxycorticosterone on plasma
testosterone levels in normal rats. In addition, this plant
counteracted the effects of dexamethasone (glucocorticoid) on plasma testosterone and estradiol levels in normal rats
Herbavescent Herbal Garden Page 13
3. HERBAL PRODUCTS DERIVED
List of effervescent products to be derived from plants and herbs above
PLANTING SCHEDULE
Table 1: Area planted (acres)
Yr 2008 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
mangosteen 6 6 6
tongkat ali 6 6 6
kacip fatimah 4 4 4
hempedu bumi 1 1 1
misai kucing 1 1 1
safed musli 5 5 5
amla plant 1 1 1
roselle 2 2 2
jatropha 6 6 6
mas cotek 1 1 1
peria 1 1 1
pegaga 1 1 1
dragon fruit 5 5 5
guava 2 2 2
gurmar 1 1 1
ubi jaga 1 1 1
Aloe vera 4 4 4
NURSERY 2 2 2
Total area 50 50 50
Herbavescent Herbal Garden Page 14
Table 2: WORK SCHEDULE
Gantt Chart
No. Item/ months 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
1 - Land clearing & terracing
2 - Seed selection & germination
3 - Soil preparation
4 - Nursery
5 - Transfer to field
6 - Pest & disease control
7 - Weeding
8 - Fertilizer application
Herbavescent Herbal Garden Page 15
Table 3: CAPITAL EXPENDITURES
Capital Expenditure
No. Item Unit Qty Cost/Unit Quarter 1
Quarter 2 Quarter 3 Quarter 4
1 Land development
- Land clearing,terracing, roads & drainage ac 50 3,000 150,000 - - -
- Fencing ac 50 500
25,000 - -
Subtotal (RM)
175,000 - -
2 Office and Nursery setup
2.1 Supporting Infrastructure
- Farm Office/ Laboratories unit 1 200,000 200,000
- Workers quarters unit 5 40,000 80,000 120,000
- Seed bed unit 10 300
3,000 - -
- Store/ Toolshed unit 1 20,000
20,000 - -
Subtotal (RM)
423,000 320,000 -
2.2 Vehicles,Tools & equipment
- Pick-up trucks unit 1 80,000 80,000
- 4-wheel tractor unit 1 50,000 50,000
- Irrigation system unit 5 5,000
25,000 - -
- Watering can unit 20 10 200 - -
- Sprayer unit 20 100 2,000 - -
- Plastic pail unit 20 5 100 - -
Herbavescent Herbal Garden Page 16
- Wheel barrow unit 20 80 160 - -
Subtotal (RM) 157,460 - -
3 Total RM 580,460 320,000 -
CAPITAL EXPENDITURE
The total estimated capital expenditure: RM 900,460
Land clearing
A 50 acre area will be identified and cleared of for the purpose of establishing the herbal garden. The area will be increased to 100 acres within 3 years.
Terracing
Terracing will be carried out along the slopes to facilitate planting and for road access in the farm
Fencing
The whole 50 acre area will be fenced out to protect against animals and unwanted elements.
Nursery
A specific area will be dedicated as nursery for the plants and herbs to be planted in the field.
Herbavescent Herbal Garden Page 17
Store
A store and garage for the machines, vehicles and farm equipment will be erected within the office and laboratory compound.
Office/ laboratories
The office block will comprise of offices for the farm manager, supervisors and laboratory assistants. Working space for
visiting researchers and scientists for seed selection and hybrid seedlings production will be made available. Adequate laboratory equipments for hybrid selection and field trials will be provided.
Farm equipments
Farm equipments include tractors, farm tools, sprayers and irrigation system such as pumps, sprinklers and water tanks.
Pick-up trucks and other vehicles for farm and office tasks will be provided.
Living quarters
Living quarters for workers and visiting researchers and associates will be constructed to accommodate up to 50 people at any time.
The office blocks and living quarters are designed to fit the resort environment and preserve the aesthetic view of the property, thus project a conducive and eco-friendly atmosphere for the work team as well as visitors to this herbal garden
reflecting the natural herbal products marketed by the company.
Herbavescent Herbal Garden Page 18
OPERATING EXPENSES
The operating expenses for the herbal garden which include the labour, materials and maintenance is estimated at RM 258,000 for the first year.
Manpower
The manpower requirement includes the management, supervisors and contract workers.
Details of manpower requirement:-
1. Farm manager 1 2. clerical 2 3. supervisors 2
4. workers 18
total 23
The farm managers, supervisors and administrators will be paid by the management agency while the workers will be employed as contract or outsourced workers.
Herbavescent Herbal Garden Page 19
Table 4: NURSERY AND PLANTATION LABOUR/MATERIAL REQUIREMENT
Cost Breakdown (nursery and
plantaion )
No. Item Unit Qty Cost/Unit Annual Cost Cost/prod. cycle
1 Labour
- Seed selection & germination man days 50 20 6,000 1,000
- Soil preparation man days 100 20 12,000 2,000
- Bagging man days 17 20 2,000 333
- Transfer into storage site man days 8 20 1,000 167
- Arrangement man days 8 20 1,000 167
- Pest & disease management man days 50 20 6,000 1,000
- Weeding man days 100 20 12,000 2,000
- Fertilizer application man days 100 20 12,000 2,000
- Watering man days 250 20 30,000 5,000
- Transfer out to field man days 50 20 6,000 1,000
Subtotal (RM) 733 88,000 14,667
2 Materials
- Seeds/ cuttings/seedlings kg 1,000 0 10,000 1,667
- Top soil kg 10,000 0 40,000 6,667
- Manure kg 1,000 0 10,000 1,667
- Fertilizer (NPK) kg 15,000 0 15,000 2,500
- Polybags pieces 50,000 0 50,000 8,333
Subtotal (RM) 125,000 20,833
3 Maintenance
- Planting tools nursery 1 500 3,000 500
- Roads ha 50 120 6,000 1000
- Drainage ha 50 120 6,000 1000
- vehicle and farm equipment ha 50 0 30,000 5,000
Herbavescent Herbal Garden Page 20
Subtotal (RM) 45,000 7,500
4 Total (RM)) RM 258,000 43,000
PLANTATION MANAGEMENT AGENCY
The herbal garden and plantation will be managed by an plantation management agency to enable a professionally managed
farm as well as to provide farm management consultancy and production management to contract farms and nursery to be set either as a franchise or independent farm set up. The total capital and operational expenditures of the agency is
estimated at RM 318,225 for the first year.
Herbavescent Herbal Garden Page 21
Table 5 : PLANTATION MANAGEMENT AGENCY
No. Item Unit Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5
A Size of area to establish ac 50 20 30
-
-
- Cummulative area ac 50 70 100
100
100
B Management Staff
1 Quantity required
- Manager (10kha) 1 1 1
1
1
- Assistant Manager (5kha) 1 1
1
1
- Labour Managers (100ha) 1 1 1
1
1
- Assistant Labour Managers (10ha) - - -
-
-
- Accountant - - -
-
-
- Agronomist 1 1 1
1
1
- Field Auditor - - -
-
-
- Agriculture Extension Officers (10kha) - - -
-
-
- Office admin/secretaries (HQ) 1 1 1
1
1
- Office admin/secretaries (Regional Office) 1 1 1
1
1
- Driver (1kha) 0 0 1
1
1
Herbavescent Herbal Garden Page 22
RM/mth Benefits Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5
2 Salaries & Benefits
- Manager (10kha) 4,000 1.35 64,800 64,800 64,800
64,800
64,800
- Assistant Manager (1kha) 2,000 1.35 32,400 32,400 32,400
32,400
32,400
- Labour Managers (100ha) 1,500 1.25 11,250 66,375 235,125
235,125
235,125
- Assistant Labour Managers (10ha) 1,000 1.25 - - -
-
-
- Accountant 2,000 1.30 - - -
-
-
- Agronomist 2,000 1.30 31,200 31,200 31,200
31,200
31,200
- Field Auditor 2,000 1.30 - - -
-
-
- Agriculture Extension Officers (10kha) 1,500 1.30 - - -
-
-
- Office admin/secretaries (HQ) 1,000 1.25 15,000 15,000 15,000
15,000
15,000
- Office admin/secretaries (Regional Office) 800 1.25 36,000 36,000 36,000
36,000
36,000
- Driver 700 1.25 525 3,098 10,973
10,973
10,973
Subtotal (RM) 191,175 248,873 425,498
425,498
425,498
C Operating Expenses
- HQ operating cost 500 n/a 6,000 6,000 6,000
6,000
6,000
- Business travel & accommodation 5,000 n/a 60,000 60,000 60,000
60,000
60,000
- Legal, audit and consultants 2,500 n/a 30,000 30,000 30,000
30,000
30,000
- Software maintenance 500 n/a 6,000 6,000 6,000
6,000
6,000
Herbavescent Herbal Garden Page 23
- Regional office rental/operating cost 2,000 n/a 24,000 24,000 24,000
24,000
24,000
Subtotal (RM) 126,000 126,000 126,000
126,000
126,000
D Total Operating Expenditure (RM) 280,725 283,298 291,173
291,173
291,173
OPEX per hectare (RM/ha) 5,615 4,047 2,912 2,912 2,912
E Capital Expenditure
1 Quantity required
- PCs in HQ 2 - -
-
-
- PCs in Regional Office 3 - -
-
-
- Office equipment (HQ) 1 - -
-
-
- Office equipment (Regional Offices) 1 - -
-
-
- HQ Setup & ERP systems/software 1 - -
-
-
2 Capital Cost
- PCs in HQ 4,000 n/a 8,000 - -
-
-
- PCs in Regional Office 4,000 n/a 12,000 - -
-
-
- Office equipment (HQ) 2,500 n/a 2,500 - -
-
-
- Office equipment (Regional Offices) 5,000 n/a 5,000 - -
-
-
- HQ Setup & ERP systems/software 10,000 n/a 10,000 - -
-
-
Total Capital Expenditure (RM) 37,500 - -
-
-
CAPEX per hectare (RM/ha) 750.00 - - - -
Herbavescent Herbal Garden Page 24
MODUS OPERANDI FOR HYBRID SEEDLINGS PRODUCTION
The herbal garden / plantation will be the centre for the selection and propagation of superior plants and herbs species listed
above with the goal of achieving best yielding plants and herbal extract from the selected clones and varieties.
The selection of mother plants and seedlings will be made through commercial and scientific collaboration with various agencies and bodies around the globe to ensure only the best species and varieties are selected and propagated.
The farm will only be planted with parent stocks plants that have already been certified or endorsed by the relevant body
such as the Malaysian Agricultural Research Development Institute (MARDI) , Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) and other related agencies.
The company’s team of agronomists and scientists will carry out the seed collection from parent stock, and hybrid selection
and field trials to produce the seedlings and plantlets either through cloning or tissue culture accordingly.
The seedlings and plantlets that are produced by the company will comply with international standard of seed certification procedure thus guarantee the yield and characteristics of the seedlings and plants as stipulated. Each variety or clone will be
branded and marketed to contract farmers or registered buyers.
Herbavescent Herbal Garden Page 25
Chart 1: Schematic Modus Operandii
For research and development purpose, the company will engage
professional plant breeders, agronomist as well as herbal scientists from local and foreign universities, research agencies, seed producers and
other government agencies. Local herbs such as tongkat ali, hempedu bumi, ubi jaga and others, FRIM
will provide expert advice and proper variety and species selection to identify potential parent stock.
As for plants and herbal stock plant from other continent such as safed musli, amla, aloe vera , gurmar and jatropha, the company will
collaborate with experts from India, Indonesia and China who have done extensive research and field trials to select the best variety and best
agronomic practices to develop commercial scale farms.
Buy Back R&D
Technology Training Expellers and Extraction
Nursery centers Logistics and Supply chain Mgmt. Operations
GroBio Sdn Bhd
Production Centers
Herbal Garden
Franchisee
Mobilize customers
To identify and tap farmers, corporate and Cooperatives
Service to the farmers Co-ordinate with Financial institutions, Insurance companies, government agencies etc To co-ordinate with production center for Supplies and logistics
To offer package of agricultural practices to farmers
Contract farmers
Registered buyers
Buy back arrangement Production assistance Quality inputs
Research & development
colloboration
MARDI Dept of Agriculture
FRIM UPM
NANDAN Technology Park Malaysia
Herbavescent Herbal Garden Page 26
The company shall collaborate with Biotech Centre Technology Park
Malaysia in Raub, Pahang to produce plantlets using its tissue culture facilities and laboratory. The centre would be used for the herbal extracts
and finger printing of all the herbal ingredients that are used for the company’s herbal products. This will ensure all our herbal products are produced with the highest manufacturing standards as well as maintain
product traceability to plant sources for safety procedures.
As for the contract farmers around TPM’s vicinity, the company will engage them as registered seedlings or planting material producers. The company will develop standard operating procedure for registered
producers to ensure uniformity and quality products and eventually the herbal extracts for our products to the world market.
The company aims to be the leader in herbal products from its sources that is produced from the quality plants and herbal extracts that it owns
and patented to ensure continued growth and consumers confidence.