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Microsoft and AppleA Profile on the Two Tech Giants

Gerona, Mara Czareanah B.

2/21/2012


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Microsoft and Apple 2012

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I. History (Humble Beginnings)Microsoft

1975

Probably most people think that Microsoft was founded only by Bill Gates, but infact, it was founded by two people namely, Paul Allen and Bill Gates. They formed the

company in 1975.

The Microsoft Disk Operating System (MS-DOS) was the first software of the

company. They hired a former classmate from Harvard to help them run Microsoft.

They were approached by IM for a project named Chess and this is when they decided

to focus on the operating system. An operating system is the software which manages a

computer.

The MS-DOS was distributed in 1981, but people generally found it difficult to use.

1982-1985

These were the years when Microsoft worked on the first version of their operating

system. Interface Manager is supposed to be the code name and final name for the

operating system, but in the end Windows was used because it best describes the

creation. Windows was announced in 1983, but it took quite a while for it to be released.


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It was released on November 10, 1985 and is called the Windows 1.0. It is easier to use

compared to MS-DOS because you just move a mouse to point and click your way

through screens, or windows. (Microsoft, 2012)

1987

Windows 2.0 was released and this included desktop icons, as well as, expanded

memory. New software for Windows by other developers were can also be used in

Windows 2.0. Windows 2.0 has better layout, graphics and speed. It was also designed

for the Intel 286 processor. Also, the Control Panel first came out in this version of

windows.

1988

Based on their sales, Microsoft became the largest PC software company and it

gradually became part of daily office life for some.

1990-1992

Windows 3.0 was released in 1990 and was followed by Windows 3.1 in 1992.These two were able to sell 10 million copies in two years. The features of Windowsincreased and it got better, including the graphics and the programs. This was also thetime where floppy discs were installed. Around this time, there was also the release ofthe Windows Software Development Kit (SDK) which helped developers on writingprograms. Domain networking support and peer-to-peer groups domain networkingwas also introduced during this time.


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After this, Windows NT was released and is is a 32-bit operating system, whichmakes it a strategic business platform that supports high-end engineering and scientificprograms. (Windows, 2012)

1993

In 1993, there became the first Microsoft internet Site. It was namedgowinnt.microsoft.com and was later changed to ftp.microsoft.com, to better map withInternet naming conventions. In 1994, they wanted to expand and they did becausethey had very good feedback and requests from others.

1995

In 1995, they release Windows 95 which sold 7 million copies in just a little over amonth. This was the time when the online world was introduced and a lot more mediagames and software. Faxes, modems, e-mail started becoming popular at this time.Windows 95 had internet support, dial-up networking and features for computing andnetworking. This is also when the Start menu, taskbar, minimize, maximize and closebuttons were introduced. It was also in 1995 when the first version of the InternetExplorer was released.

Windows 98, Me and 2000

Windows 98 was released in 1998 and it was designed for consumers.Improvements such as speed, reading of DVD discs and USB devices were added. TheQuick Launch Bar also first appeared in this version of Windows. This was the lastversion of Window which was based on the MS- DOS


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Windows Me was designed for use at home. It included improvements on music,video andhome networking. Other new appearances include Windows Movie Maker,System Restore, and Media Player 7.

Windows 2000 Professional is designed to replace the Windows 95, Windows 98,

and Windows NT for business. The improvements in this software include the Plug andPlay hardware, advanced networking and wireless products, USB devices, IEEE 1394devices, and infrared devices.

Windows XP

In Windows XP, there has become more awareness on computer viruses andhackers and it had security updates as well as a help and support section. Is is alsodesigened for home use. It had enhancements in: Network SetupWizard, Windows Media Player,Windows Movie Maker, and enhanced digital photocapabilities. Windows XP had several editions, including: Windows XP 64-bit Edition

(2001) for large amounts of memory, Windows XP Media Center Edition (2002) forcomputing and entertainment and Windows XP Tablet PC Edition (2002) for pan-basedcomputing.

Windows Vista and Windows 7

It was released with the strongest security system. It provides better security and

you can watch television. It also has a better designed compared to other versions of

Windows.

Windows 7 was released in 2009 and it paid attention to wireless features. Through

Windows 7, wireless networks can be created at the office or at home. It has a lot of newfeatures such as the Snap, Peek, and Shake.


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Apple

1976

Apple was founded by Steven Wozniak and Steve Jobs. They were both drop-outs.Steve Wozniak was the one who made the design for the first ever Apple Computerwhich was later named as the Apple I in 1976. Steve Jobs was the person who convincedWozniak to form a company together.

To describe their partnership, at first Wozniak, a self-taught electronics engineer,and before working on the Apple I, built boxes which made him enabled him to makelong-distance phone calls for free. The two were able to sell a lot of these so calledboxes.

The Apple I was generally designed for computer hobbyists. A local retailer orderedabout a 50 pieces of the Apple I and it sold for $666. At first they were also made in thegarage of Steve Jobs.

APPLE I


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1977

In 1977, Apple II was created and after a year came the Apple III. In thebeginning, the company employed a couple of thousand workers. This is how thenow extremely famous Apple Incorporated began. Apple Computers were referredto as Mac and the computer had features such as the trash can, The early Macs user-friendly interface, with such features as the trash can, windows, drag-and-drop filemove ability, and plug-in-and-play compatibility.

While working on the Apple II, Jobs wanted to create a larger company whichis why he consulted with Mike Markkula. Markkula managed marketing for IntelCorporation and Fairchild Semiconductor in the past. Markkula then bought one-third of the company for $250,000, and he helped with the planning of the business.In 1977, they also hired Mike Scott as the president and Wozniak started to workfull-time.

For the advertising, Jobs hired Regis McKenna for it and they came up withthe Apple logo. By 1977, Apple became available in retail stores all thanks to themarketing team. Apple II stored information on cassette tapes, and were sort of slow.

1978-1979

By 1978, Apple was becoming successful and popular among consumers. Itbecame one of the fastest growing companies in 1978. Apple II+ was released in1979 and it had better memory, easier start up and a printer which was called theSilentype. They sold over 35,000 computers in 1978.

1980 -1983

In 1980, Apple Foltran was released and this was the time the company wentpublic. Apple III was also released and it was well received but many units werefound to be defective and soon the production was discontinued. Because of theproblems, Mike Scott decided to lay off employees in 1981. Jobs disagreed and lateron Markkula became president and Jobs chairman. Scott decided to leave the firm.During these years Apple also lost its position as chief supplier of personalcomputers in Europe to IBM. They tried to make up for it through Lisa, which hadthe mouse. However, Lisa wasnt that successful.

Macintosh

It was seen as the future of the company, because Lisa didnt sell well. It was

designed as a peoples computer. In order to promote Macintosh, they advertised in

a way where they offered people the chance to take a Macintosh home for 24 hours.More than 200,000 people decided to try it. Because of the success, Apple releasedmore products for the Macintosh. They also released laser-printers and hard drives.


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However, Macintosh proved only to be successful at first, so Appleexperienced problems after a while. In 1985, because of internal problems andmanagement problems, Jobs wanted to oust a member of the company, Sculley, butit backfired and he had to leave the company instead. The company experienced alot of losses after that and had problems, such as the lawsuit with Microsoft,shortage of memory chips and other things.

When Jobs decided to leave the company, he established his own companycalled NeXT. In December 1996, Apple paid $377 million for NeXT because of theproblems. Jobs was hired as special advisor because their stocks were dropping. Hereturned after about 12 years of leaving. In 1997 Jobs was named as the interimchief executive officer and the recovery of the company came after months. Upon hisappointment, he stopped the licensing agreement that spawned Apple clones. Healso withdrew Apple's involvement in making printers, scanners, portable digitalassistants, and other peripherals. Starting 1997, Apple focused only on desktop andportable Macintoshes professional and consumer use. Jobs laid off thousands ofworkers. He laslo sold stock to Microsoft Corporation. In 1998, Jobs released iMACwhich became a success. In 1990, Jobs, was back to its former self and continuedrising in 1999.


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II. Driving Force (Gates, Jobs) & Competitionbetween Gates & Jobs

It can be inferred that the competition between Apple and Microsoft is really

because of the approaches of the two leaders of the companies. In the past, they

had a good relationship, even making business transactions together,collaborating and appearing in interviews together.

In the past, Bill Gates was the most important partner in software for Apple.

Jobs even invited Gates for the preview of the Mac. Gates also praised Apple for

being able to capture the imagination of people. However the way both

companies were developed turned into a sort of competition. Nonetheless,

Microsoft continued to make software for Apple such as Microsoft Windows

Office for Mac.

Microsoft came a year before Apple came out. At the start Apple even

depended on Microsoft to develop their products. But in 1988 Apple sued

Microsoft for copyright issues and for copying the look of their operating system.

Also, the fact that Apple was almost dead a decade ago seems to have surpassed

or equaled the success of Microsoft today. They both brought computers to the

masses. Also, they are both very popular and are regarded as celebrities. Both of

them were the first to create the first computers and the first to mass produce

them.


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However, the rivalry really came out when Steve Jobs commented that

Microsoft had no taste during the launch of Windows 95. He was then not part of

Apple because he had quit and strated his own company called NeXT. He

referred to Microsoft as unoriginal and this worsened their relationship with one

another.The ties between the two companies only returned to normal when Jobs

returned to Apple and made negotiations and affiliations with Microsoft to ask

for support for Apple during its troubled times.

Even though they may seem bitter about each other, especially with each of

the companys success, it is safe to say that both companies respect the

achievement of each other.


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III. Best Work/Services/Products (Current) and pics, links,video clips/demo

Microsoft

Skydrive

Skydrive is one of the best services that you get when you make a windowslive account or a hotmail account. In Windows Skydrive, you are given 25 GB spaceonline where you can store files such as pictures, word documents or videos. Youcan make folders and you can make them public or private.

You can explore Skydrive here:http://explore.live.com/skydrive
http://explore.live.com/skydrivehttp://explore.live.com/skydrivehttp://explore.live.com/skydrivehttp://explore.live.com/skydrive


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Microsoft Office

Microsoft Office is clearly one of the best software created by Windowsbecause it is great for office, school or personal use. In mirosoft office, you getaccess, excel, power point, word, groove, infopath, outlook, and publisher. In

Microsoft office you can practically write or create anything from papers topresentations to birthday cards. It is clearly the best hoe office currently in themarket. It is also the most user friendly.


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Movie Maker

Windows Movie Maker is great because it is user-friendly, and it has tools toimport, edit, manage, and share your digital home videos. You can also editHigh-Definition videos in it. It is best for someone who is new to videoediting and it has built in features which you can easily use and add to yourvideos.

Windows 7


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Windows 7 has generally the best feedback and was the latest and greatestcreation of Microsoft. It provides a user friendly interface and has a cleanerdesign, and smoother operation. The taskbar is also arranged differently,automatically resizes windows and a revamped media center. It is the fastest,it is more responsive. Its processor can also manage heavy tasks such ascopying of files, downloading and the converting of files.


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Apple

iMac

The newest version of iMac

iMac wasnt expected by the consumers, and yet it was the computer thatbrought back the company of Apple.

Ipod - iPad 2


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The iPod is the product that turn into a mass-market electronics giant.And now they have created the iPad 2. It is generally the best product thatcame out from the iPod line yet. It was a great tablet. It had a long battery life,was available in 2 colors and was perfect for watching and gaming. It wasalso thinner. Its great for storing books, watching movies and playing games.It is also useful for making presentations and for viewing documents.

OS X Lion

It is currently the best operating system created by Apple. Thedesktop is created similar to the iPod touch and iPad. It has multi-touchgestures, full screen apps, mission control, launch pad, resume, autosave, airdrop, iCloud, and the Lion Server which can all be seen here:http://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/

Macbook Air
http://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/http://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/http://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/


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The Macbook Air really lives up to the name of portable. And it literally madelaptops portable. Macbook made it possible to carry on a lot of features in a thinlaptop such as long battery life and a lot of programs and freatures.

Iphone 4S

One of the most sought after mobile phones in the market. It has Siri. It alsohas the incredible 8 MP camera, has zoom and is a world phone. It is currently themost advanced smartphone by having the best software and the only mobile phoneto have Siri.


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IV. Future Development PlansMicrosoft expanding in Japan and education

In 2008, Microsoft really planned on using its future work on learning andeducation. They want to explore education by looking at work through

examining educators, learners and administrators. They plan to do this throughcreating, synthesizing, sharing, absorbing and managing information. They wantsoftware to become commercially available to solve problems in learning and togenerate ideas and knowledge without the usual educational methods. (Rasmus,2008)

Today, Microsoft if still concentrating on education, but it has expanded onother aspects as well. It has expanded on the gaming business such as theXbox360 and it want to bring the Xbox to Japan. Microsfot plans to expand inJapan with gaming and it also plans on exploring touch-based computinganywhere and everywhere. From touch-based computing they also plan ondeveloping 3D graphics. Currently, Microsoft is trying to bring Xbox 360 to Japanand their sales are focused on the Kinect for the past year.

Here is Microsofts latest video about its future plans.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=a6cNdhOKwi0
http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=a6cNdhOKwi0http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=a6cNdhOKwi0http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=a6cNdhOKwi0


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Apple A Greener Apple

Apple has been criticized for using chemicals on their products and for

not properly recycling the past products that they have created. Now, Apple

plans on addressing environmental issues such as removing the toxic chamicals

such as lead in their products and recycling through the use of E-waste. They

also plan on focusing on the energy efficiency of their products, even measuring

the carbon footprint of their products starting this year. Apple plans on

continuing to create electronic products with the environment in mind, hoping

to be and environmental leader as well someday.

With the passing away of Steve Jobs, Apple has future product plans.

There has been a speculation the he left 4 years plan for the future of the Apple

product and some of these products include the rumoured such as the Apple iTV,

a Video Game Platform, Touch and 3D Data Input.


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V. Social Issues (specific court cases)The most popular court of Apple and Microsoft is probably the case between the

two which involved copyright and licensing issues. However both companies had

their share of court cases which dealt with court cases as well.

Microsoft

The was a case filed by the European Union or the Microsoft in 1993. It alsoclaimed that Microsoft was blocking its other competitors from the market throughunacceptable methods. In 1994, Microsoft reached a settlement. But in 1998, SunMicrosystems filed another case about Microsoft not have enough disclosuresregarding its products.


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Another court case similar to the EU case was labeled as the United Statesversus Microsoft. This was filed against Microsoft saying that Microsoft was abusing

their power as a monopoly because every person or ever consumer who boughttheir computers automatically had Internet Explorer in it and it said that it was hardto download other browsers. It made them the winner among other browsersbecause it generally restricted the other consumers from downloading otherbrowsers. This case happened in 1998. In 2001, Microsoft settled the case, allowingit to share its application programming interfaces with other companies.

Apple


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Think secret lawsuit

This is a court case where Apple filed a lawsuit against John Does or

unknown people for leaking out their information. Apple filed a lot of cases againstother companies, ofter regarding copyright issues. This included cases againstFranklin Computer Corp., OdioWorks, eMachines, Creative Technology, HTC, andSamsung. Kodak however also filed a case against Apple on copyright against theirdigital imaging technology.

Currently, the latest social issue which reached a lot of media attention asidefrom the criticism about Apple not being environment friendly was when newsabout employee suicides came out. An employee who allegedly lost a prototype foran iPhone was interrogated and beaten up which is illegal under both the US lawand Chinese law. This issue was investigated and later on employees had to signcontracts that they would not kill themselves.


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Both Microsoft and Apple have filed lawsuits against Samsungs Android OS,which dealt with copyright issues again.


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