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City of San Diego CMAP: Community Mi4ga4on Benchmarking Summary
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Source: City of San Diego Inventory Note: 2005 and 2006 are interpolated values.
Levels needed to reach target
Levers of Change in the Community What does the City control or influence?
City employees
Land use and zoning Building codes
Business licenses
Economic development
Redevelopment and housing
Community centers and libraries
CMAP Categories
Energy
Electricity Natural Gas Gasoline Diesel
Buildings Cars and Trucks
CMAP Categories
Energy
Electricity Natural Gas Gasoline Diesel
Buildings Cars and Trucks
CMAP Categories
CMAP Process Mi4ga4on Measures
• Selected 7 Ci4es – Similar popula4on, some CA ci4es, climate planning
• Reviewed – Mi4ga4on plans/Progress Reports – Adapta4on plans – Other best prac4ces
• Detailed Matrix of Measures – Includes summary for each category
• Not Best Prac4ces or Recommenda4ons – Benchmarking for comparison – Might be beTer ideas out there
Benchmarking Overview
Benchmarking Process
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Benchmark Ci4es
Comparison of GHG Targets Percentage below 1990 levels
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Source: US EPA and US Census Bureau
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ENERGY
ENERGY Targets
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ENERGY Categories !"#$%#&'(
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ENERGY Exis4ng Buildings
1. Require certain remodel projects to meet green building standards (Chicago, Melbourne) and renewable energy requirements (Denver).
2. Mandatory disclosure of building energy (Portland) and GHG performance (Melbourne) at the 4me of sale or lease.
3. Impose a special levy on building owners who have not met minimum greenhouse performance standards by a set date. (Melbourne)
4. Conduct an analysis of exis4ng building stock. (Melbourne)
5. Reinstate mandatory efficiency upgrades at 4me of sale for commercial buildings. (San Francisco)
6. Offer energy audits to homeowners to diagnose the best ways to improve the energy performance of their homes. (Denver, Melbourne)
7. Create a financing program for efficiency projects. (Philadelphia, Portland)
ENERGY New Buildings
1. Set new greenhouse performance standards in new retail and wholesale developments to achieve a 15 percent reduc4on by 2020. (Chicago)
2. Develop a Carbon Offset fee available for projects not mee4ng City building standards. (Chula Vista)
3. Allow buildings that meet energy efficiency guidelines to receive two more years in property tax relief. (Philadelphia)
4. Change zoning codes to create floor area ra4o or height bonuses for energy-‐efficient buildings. (Philadelphia)
5. Adopt incen4ves for high performance new construc4on projects that consider life-‐cycle carbon emissions impacts. (Portland)
ENERGY General Buildings
1. Develop Green Awareness Program for homeowners and building operators. (Chula Vista)
2. Establish a targeted public rela4ons and marke4ng campaign to recognize ac4ons and commitments (Melbourne)
3. Provide green building design assistance, educa4on and technical resources to residents, developers, designers and builders. (Portland)
4. Increase roohop gardens/plant trees. (Chicago)
5. Provide a tax credit for green roofs. (Philadelphia, Portland)
ENERGY General Buildings
6. Change regula4ons so that street tree plan4ngs could occur without the express wriTen consent of property owners. (Philadelphia) 7. Priori4ze tree plan4ng in low-‐canopy, high-‐crime districts. (Philadelphia)
8. Change city regula4ons and require more trees to be planted on and around parking lots. (Philadelphia)
9. Using vacant, city-‐owned land as arbors for trees that could then be transplanted to Philadelphia streets.(Philadelphia)
ENERGY Electricity Supply
1. Establish at least one new district hea4ng and cooling system. (Portland)
2. Use combined heat and power systems in dense built structures such as city blocks; explore opportuni4es for district CHP. (Melbourne)
3. Facilitate the installa4on of at least ten megawaTs of on-‐site renewable energy, such as solar energy. (Portland)
4. Reduce city permit fees and streamline permit process. (San Francisco)
TRANSPORTATION
TRANSPORTATION Targets
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TRANSPORTATION Categories
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TRANSPORTATION Reduce VMT
1. Redefine zoning near transit by decreasing required parking, ins4tu4ng parking limits, and increasing increase height limits. (Chicago)
2. Develop a pedestrian and bicycle master plan. (Philadelphia)
3. Support crea4on of a bicycle sharing program. (Philadelphia)
4. Reduce parking ra4os for buildings with designated bike spots. (Philadelphia)
5. Require end-‐of-‐trip facili4es within city buildings. (Melbourne)
6. Expand carpool and vanpool designated parking at both municipal and private parking facili4es. (San Francisco)
7. Require that all proposed large developments and exis4ng public and private parking facili4es in the City provide preferen4al parking for carpools and vanpools.(San Francisco)
TRANSPORTATION Reduce VMT
8. Redefine zoning near transit by decreasing required parking, ins4tu4ng parking limits, and increasing increase height limits. (Chicago)
9. Provide incen4ves for car sharing programs – reclassify car sharing
companies for tax purposes, provide on-‐street parking for car sharing, reduce parking ra4os for buildings with bike/car share spots. (Philadelphia)
10. Implement employee commute trip reduc4on program. (Chicago, San Francisco)
11. Implement new regula4ons to limit parking (e.g., parking maximums). (Chicago, San Francisco)
12. Create parking subsidies for car share programs, high MPG and alterna4ve fuel vehicles. (Denver)
13. Introduce 4ered parking rates based on vehicle size in privately owned parking facili4es and City operated garages. (San Francisco)
TRANSPORTATION Reduce Vehicle Fuel Use/Emissions
1. Promote eco-‐driving educa4on. (Chicago)
2. Enact an4-‐idling regula4ons for private vehicles. (Chicago)
3. Implement traffic signal re4ming. (Chicago)
4. Reduce/waive taxes on alterna4ve fuels. (Chicago)
5. Require all public buses entering the City to use low-‐carbon or clean fuel sources. (Melbourne)
6. Require that diesel fuel sold in the City include at least 10% biodiesel, half of which must be made from sources that can be produced in state. (Portland)
TRANSPORTATION Other
1. Work with the regional planning authority and other local governments to make reducing carbon emissions and adap4ng to climate change impacts a funding criteria for transporta4on expenditures. (Portland)
2. Update the Transporta4on System Plan to incorporate mode-‐share goals that will result in a 40% reduc4on in transporta4on-‐related carbon emissions by 2030. (Portland)
3. Establish a method for projec4ng the life cycle carbon footprint of transporta4on investments, including embodied energy, opera4ons (VMT and flow) and maintenance. (Portland)
4. Develop a repor4ng mechanism for tracking transporta4on carbon emissions. (Portland)
5. Expand traffic calming measures (e.g., traffic circles). (Chicago)
TRANSPORTATION Other -‐ con4nued
6. Work with state transporta4on agency and regional planning agency to implement a conges4on-‐pricing pilot program that priori4zes movement of freight and non-‐single-‐occupancy vehicles. (Portland)
LAND USE
LAND USE Targets
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LAND USE
1. Expedite approval process for transit-‐oriented development (Chicago)
2. Increase council awareness of transit-‐oriented development (Chicago)
3. Make 20-‐minute complete neighborhoods a core component of the Portland Plan. (Portland)
4. Limit urban growth boundary and adopt a package of policies and incen4ves to achieve focused density, par4cularly around mass transit hubs. (Denver)
5. Advocate for accommoda4ng all popula4on and business growth within the exis4ng Urban Growth Boundary. (Portland)
LAND USE con4nued
6. Designate 1,000 acres of parkland as protected Natural Areas in City’ss park system. (Denver)
7. Priori4ze new green space crea4on within low-‐served neighborhoods. (Philadelphia)
WASTE
WASTE Targets
• 90% reduc4on in waste to landfills by 2020. (Chicago) • Divert 70 % of solid waste from landfills by 2015. (Philadelphia) • Double the present recycling rate. (Denver) • By 2011, reduce landfilled waste by 30% per current customer
household through compos4ng, recycling, and modifica4on of collec4on methods from 2004 baseline. (Denver)
• By 2030, reduce total solid waste generated by 25%. (Portland) • By 2030, recover 90% of all waste generated. (Portland) • By 2030, reduce the GHG impacts of the waste collec4on system by
40% by 2030. (Portland)
1. Mandate that 50% of construc4on debris be diverted from landfills. (Chicago, Denver)
2. Hold neighborhood compe44ons to promote recycling. (Philadelphia)
3. Increase enforcement and oversight of commercial recycling. (Philadelphia)
4. Expand compos4ng efforts and programs. (Philadelphia)
5. Implement mandatory commercial food waste collec4on in City and begin collec4on of residen4al food waste. (Portland)
6. Assist 1,000 businesses per year to improve compliance with Portland’s requirement of paper, metal, and glass recycling. (Portland)
WASTE Recycling/Compos4ng
7. Provide technical assistance to contractors and construc4on firms to meet City’s new requirement to recycle 75% of construc4on and demoli4on debris. (Portland)
8. Ins4tute post-‐collec4on sor4ng for municipal solid waste, par4cularly for waste coming from sectors like mul4family housing that are typically underperforming on recycling. (Portland)
9. Explore mandatory residen4al recycling. (Portland, San Francisco)
10. Conduct waste audits in large facili4es, provide training and other assistance, and collaborate with associa4ons (e.g., BOMA, restaurant and hotel associa4ons), service providers, unions and others to increase diversion. (San Francisco)
WASTE Recycling/Compos4ng
1. Ini4ate a public informa4on campaign to discuss the total cost and sources of funding for the City’s current residen4al trash collec4on and recycling programs to counter the public percep4on that trash collec4on is a “free” service, but is actually paid for by Denver taxpayers. (Denver)
2. Provide informa4on and line-‐item highlights in taxpayer no4ces of the sources of revenue and expenses associated with City solid waste management services. (Denver)
3. Introduce a fee for trash pick up -‐ "pay as you throw.” (Philadelphia)
4. Charge for plas4c bags at retailers. (Philadelphia)
5. Ban styrofoam containers from restaurants. (Philadelphia)
6. Charge for plas4c bags at retailers. (Philadelphia)
WASTE Waste Reduc4on
7. Work with partner organiza4ons to encourage businesses and residents to purchase durable, repairable and reusable goods, to reduce the amount of materials that go to waste, including food; and to reduce consump4on of carbon-‐intensive consumer goods and services. (Portland)
8. Develop a measurement and evalua4on mechanism to track waste prevented through preserva4on, re-‐use, and thoughqul consump4on. (Portland)
9. Clearly label trash cans and other garbage receptacles as “landfill.” (Portland)
10. Research and promote using products that require less materials (e.g. double sided copying). (San Francisco)"
WASTE Waste Reduc4on
LOCAL FOODS
LOCAL FOODS Targets
-‐Bring local food within 10 Minutes of 75% of residents. (Philadelphia) -‐By 2030, reduce consump4on of carbon-‐intensive foods. (Portland)
LOCAL FOODS
1. Increase urban gardening and farming. (Philadelphia)
2. Increase the number of farmers markets. (Philadelphia)
3. Publicize the local food source efforts (modeled aher London’s Capitol Growth strategy. (Philadelphia)
4. Leverage vacant land for food produc4on. (Philadelphia)
5. Require neighborhood grocery stores to stock a certain amount of fresh and local produce (within a 100 mile radius of city). (Philadelphia)
6. Integrate sustainable food system issues, and where prac4cal, quan4ta4ve goals and metrics, into planning processes. (Portland)
LOCAL FOODS con4nued
7. Develop policy and provide programma4c resources to significantly increase the percentage of home-‐grown and locally sourced food, including the support of farmers markets and community supported agriculture, the use of public and private land and roohops for growing food, promo4ng fruit and nut trees as op4ons for the 33,000 yard trees to be planted as part of the Grey to Green ini4a4ve, and develop or facilitate 1,000 new community garden plots. (Portland)
8. Establish quan4ta4ve metrics for consump4on of regionally sourced food. (Portland)
