Community response to localization of the SDGs: A profile on relevant indicators

By Johnson Lubega Kagugube, Project Coordinator

Uganda CBMS Research Grant Contract No: 17-RG-20141 : PEP-CBMS

to provide an analysis of the socio-

economic conditions of the CBMS project

site in the context of monitoring the

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) at

the local level

Objective of the presentation

Background • Uganda has been pursuing the sustainable development agenda since the

early 90’s – Three distinct transition phases: post war reconstruction (1986 – 1997); poverty

eradication (1997 – 2009); and social economic transformation (2010 -2020)

• The Country remains steady in its commitment to sustainable development

– Between 1991 and 2014, » Life expectancy rose from 48.1 to 63.3 years; » Infant and under-five mortality rates dropped from 122 and 203 deaths per 1,000 live

births to 53 and 80 respectively; » Literacy levels rose from 54.0 to 72.2 per cent; » Income poverty declined from 56 to 19 per cent; » Access to electricity increased from 5.6 to 20.4 per cent

• Despite the good progress, improvements for the sustainable development agenda programmes is still required. For instance; high dependence on agriculture, high unemployment rates, income inequalities, etc.

• The second National Development Plan (NDP II 2015/16-2019/20) - Uganda’s current medium term plan is also the framework for implementing the 2030 Agenda and SDGs

About the Uganda CBMS

• Data collected in the month of March-April 2018

(35 days)

• Field team: - 20 enumerators, 5 editors/ assistant

supervisors, and 3 supervisors

• Coverage: Akoboi and Katakwi subcounties

– 66 villages were covered

Uganda – Administrative Levels

Villages/ cells

Parishes/ wards

Sub-counties/ divisions/town councils

Counties/ Municipalities

Districts/ City

National Level

Map of Uganda—Showing Project site (Katakwi district)

CBMS interview ---Household of five people

CBMS Based SDG indicators

• SDGs-

• NDP II

• CBMS II – Presents information on 28 indicators

17 Goals 169 targets

230 indicators

199 Indicators

109 mapped on

SDGs

GOAL 1 –End extreme poverty in all forms Goals/Indicators Explanation National Indicator CBMS Results

Goal 1. End poverty in all its forms everywhere 1.1.1 Proportion of population below the international poverty line

The international poverty line used in determining the population below the poverty line is 1.90 USD/day.

Poverty Head Count—UNHS 2016/17-- National – 27.0 Eastern region – 42.7

Based on the international poverty line of USD 1.90 per capita per day Akoboi – 94.5% Katakwi – 93.9%

1.2.1 Proportion of population living below the national poverty line

Poverty Head Count—UNHS 2016/17 -- National – 27.0, Eastern – 42.7

National Poverty Line of Shs. 29,505 per person per month Akoboi – 54.4, Katakwi – 56.5, Overall – 55.5

1.3.1 Proportion of population covered by social protection floors/systems

Percentage of senior citizens covered by the Expanded Social Protection (ESP) program

Akoboi – 17.6, Katakwi – 16.6, Overall – 17.0

1.2.2 Proportion of men, women and (children of all ages) living in poverty in all its dimensions

This indicator was derived by looking at the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) approach of the UNDP

70.3 based on the 2009/10 UNHS data: UNDP Human Development Report (HDR), 2016

36.8 MPI poor by lower local governments: Akoboi – 28.9; Katakwi – 29.8; Overall – 29.4

Households below the International Poverty Line

Households below the National Poverty Line

1.4.1 Proportion of population living in households with access to basic services

Basic services included in this indicator are the following: basic education, safe drinking water, sanitation and shelter.

77 (NSDS 2015)

Households enjoying basic services: - Akoboi – 7.1, Katakwi – 7.5

Goals/Indicators Explanation National Indicator

CBMS Results

• Government Interventions to address the high poverty levels include:

– Plan for Modernisation of Agriculture (PMA),

– Operation Wealth Creation (OWC),

– National Agricultural Advisory Services (NAADS),

– Community Driven Development (CDD) and other regional development programmes, and

– Senior citizens aged over 65 years covered by the Expanded Social Protection (ESP)

GOAL 2 –End hunger No Goals/Indicators Explanation National Indicator CBMS Results

Goal 2. End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture 6 2.1.1 Prevalence of

undernourishment The Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) measures children’s nutritional status

UDHS 2016 Children under five stunted – 29% Children under-five wasted – 4% Children under-five who are underweight – 11%

Proportion of children below 5 years (0-4years) who feed on non-nutritious meals. Akoboi – 17.4% Katakwi – 18.1% Overall – 17.8%

GOAL 3 – Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages

Ensure healthy lives and promote wellbeing for all at all ages

7 3.1.1 Maternal mortality ratio, per 100 000

Instead of using the live births data as denominator, since this is not available, the number of children 0 to 1 year old plus the total of number of women who died due to pregnancy-related causes was used.

Death of a family member reported in connection to complications during pregnancy or child birth in the past 12 months preceding data collection 4 out of 137 deaths

8 3.2.1 Under-five mortality rate, per 1000

Instead of using the live births data as denominator, since this is not available, the number of 0 to 5 year old plus the total number of children 0 to 5 years old who died were used.

Overall 19 children aged less than five years had died out of the total 137 deaths in the past 12 months preceding data collection

GOAL 4 - Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education No. Goals/Indicators Explanation National Indicator CBMS Results

Goal 4. Ensure inclusive and equitable education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all 11 4.1.1 Proportion of children

and young people: (a) in grades 2/3; (b) at the end of primary; and (c) at the end of lower secondary achieving at least a minimum proficiency level in (i) reading and (ii) mathematics, by sex

The following were used as a supplemental indicator: Net Enrolment Rate (NER) and Gross Enrolment Rate (GER)in primary and secondary education Govt Interventions: UPE, USE, Vocational training

UNHS Literacy rates— Overall - 74% Female – 70% Male – 78% NER –Primary – Rural- 78 NER – Secondary Rural- 23

GER –Primary – 132.4 NER –Primary – 88.5 GER –Secondary – 17.7 NER- Secondary - 11.3

12 4.2.1 Proportion of children under 5 years of age who are developmentally on track in health, learning and psychosocial well-being, by sex

Proxy indicator to 4.2.1 Number of children in child development centers/ day care centers

28.1%

13 4.2.2 Participation rate in organized learning (one year before the official primary entry age), by sex

Proxy indicator to 4.2.2 Enrolment Rate in kindergarten: (a) Net Enrolment Rate (b) G E l t R t

NER – 28.1 GER – 36.8

GOAL 5 - Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls

No. Goals/Indicators Explanation National Indicator

CBMS Results

14 5.b.1 Proportion of individuals who own a mobile telephone, by sex

This is computed as proportion of households with at least one member who owns a mobile telephone Govt Interventions: -National Information and Communication Policy (2003) -Extension of the National Backbone Infrastructure to cover most of the Country

UNHS 2016/17- Ownership of mobile phone individually or jointly – 73%

Akoboi – 47.8% Katakwi – 50.3% Overall – 50.1%

GOAL 6 - Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all

No. Goals/Indicators Explanation National Indicator

CBMS Results

Goal 6. Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all

15 6.1.1 Proportion of population using safely managed drinking water services

The proportion of households accessing water from the safe sources were be considered.

UNHS -2016/17 National -80% Urban- 92% Rural – 75%

Akoboi - 99.7% Katakwi – 99.8% Overall – 99.8%

16 6.2.1 Proportion of population using safely managed sanitation services, including a hand-washing facility with soap and water

The proportion of households using safe sanitary facilities were determined; And The availability of hand washing facilities with water and soap after toilet use.

UNHS- 2016/17 National – 6.2% Regional – 2.1%

Akoboi – 4.9% Katakwi -1.4% Overall- 3.0%

Source of water--Borehole

GOAL 7 - Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all

No. Goals/Indicators Explanation National Indicator

CBMS Results

17 7.1.1 Proportion of population with access to electricity

Considering grid electricity and solar for lighting Govt interventions: Expansion of the national electricity power grid network and promotion of alternative sources of energy

National -40% Rural – 29% 2012//13 UNHS

Akoboi – 3.2%, Katakwi – 4.5% Overall – 3.9%

GOAL 8 - Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all 18 8.5.2 Unemployment rate, by

sex, age and persons with disabilities

Those attending school were excluded. Considered those who had no job in the last 3 months

Census 2014 Not working population – 28.9%

Males – 62.5%, Females – 61.9% PWDs – 64%, Non PWDs – 62.1%

19 8.6.1 Proportion of youth (aged 15-24 years) not in education, employment or training

Considered the population aged 18 to 30 years (Youth) Govt Interventions: YLP, National Youth Council

******** 69%

20 8.7.1 Proportion and number of children aged 5-17 years engaged in child labour, by sex and age

Govt interventions: National Council for Children, Uganda Child Helpline -116 toll free,

******** 23.7% (The children currently studying were excluded)

GOAL 10 - Reduce inequality within and among countries No. Goals/Indicators Explanation National Indicator

CBMS Results

22 10.2.1 Proportion of people living below 50 per cent of median income, by age, sex and persons with disabilities

Considered households below 50% of the median annual income (UGX 751,000)

******* Akoboi – 25.5%, Katakwi – 28.5% Overall – 27.1%

Goal 11 - Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable 24 11.7.2 Proportion of

persons victim of physical or sexual harassment, by sex, age, disability status and place of occurrence, in the previous 12 months

Govt Interventions: -Domestic Violence Act 2010 -Prohibition of Female Genital Mutilation Act 2010 -Gender Based Violence Policy

******* 0.4% of the households

GOAL 16 - Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable

and inclusive institutions at all levels No. Goals/Indicators Explanation National

Indicator CBMS Results

26 16.1.3 Proportion of population subjected to physical, psychological or sexual violence in the previous 12 months

Considered rape and physical injury

***** 3.6% of the households

27 16.9.1 Proportion of children under 5 years of age whose births have been registered with a civil authority, by age

Considered children aged less than 5 years with birth certificates

***** Akoboi – 35.1%, Katakwi – 40.2%, Overall – 37.8%

Goal 17. Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development 28 17.8.1 Proportion

of individuals using the Internet

Census 2014 - 3.8 Akoboi – 1.9%, Katakwi – 2.0%, Overall – 1.9%

Policy recommendations • Need to intensify hand-washing education in the rural

communities;

• Put in place strategies to address disparities that restrict access to education, income generating activities, and information;

• There is a need to fast track the rural electrification programme in order to ensure a clean environment;

• The key cross-cutting issues of; Gender, environment, nutrition, climate change, human rights, social protection, child welfare among others should be prioritised during the implementation of the government programmes

• Need to strengthen capacity to measure, monitor and assess progress on SDGs as part of the data revolution; and

• Need to put strategies in place to enable the unemployed persons obtain adequate and accessible income support.

Thank you Merci beaucoup Gracias Salamat po