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Community Community Health Status Health Status

Indicators Indicators M. C. Rice PhD APN BC,M. C. Rice PhD APN BC,

M.N. Wicks PhD RN, M.N. Wicks PhD RN,

and and

S.I. White-Means PhDS.I. White-Means PhD

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BackgroundBackground• Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is responsible Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is responsible

for premature deaths and costly for premature deaths and costly hospitalizations in Memphis, TN. hospitalizations in Memphis, TN.

• CVD ( heart disease and stroke) leading CVD ( heart disease and stroke) leading causes of deathcauses of death

• Community Health Indicators –overview of Community Health Indicators –overview of health statushealth status

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BackgroundBackground Prevalence rate 27.3% for heart disease in Prevalence rate 27.3% for heart disease in

MemphisMemphis

31.8% of blacks and 23.5% of whites report a 31.8% of blacks and 23.5% of whites report a physician diagnosed them with heart diseasephysician diagnosed them with heart disease

Prevalence rate for 37.3%hypertensionPrevalence rate for 37.3%hypertension

Overall, 40.9% HTN rate for blacks and 34.5% whites Overall, 40.9% HTN rate for blacks and 34.5% whites

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BackgroundBackground

National estimated prevalence of CVD National estimated prevalence of CVD

is 6.6%, with little variability between is 6.6%, with little variability between

blacks and whitesblacks and whites

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Purpose of AssessmentPurpose of Assessment

Cardiovascular risks, depressive Cardiovascular risks, depressive

symptoms, and quality of life health symptoms, and quality of life health

indicators of 82 community residents indicators of 82 community residents

and congregants in the 38126 zip were used and congregants in the 38126 zip were used

to characterize health and health risk of the to characterize health and health risk of the

target population. target population.

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Demographic Characteristics of Demographic Characteristics of Residents an CongregantsResidents an Congregants

• Sixty one percent of CHEER participants Sixty one percent of CHEER participants were female and 39 were males.were female and 39 were males.

• The majority of participants were between The majority of participants were between 45 and 56 years of age.45 and 56 years of age.

• Twenty seven percent of CHEER Twenty seven percent of CHEER participants graduated from high school participants graduated from high school and 27% had some college courses.and 27% had some college courses.

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Methods and ProceduresMethods and Procedures

Health behaviors were evaluated using Health behaviors were evaluated using a Health Risk Appraisal a Health Risk Appraisal (HRA) survey.(HRA) survey.

Depressive symptoms were measured Depressive symptoms were measured using the Center for Epidemiologic using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD).Studies Depression Scale (CESD).

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Summary of ResultsSummary of Results

Health Factors Evaluated Health Factors Evaluated Health Problems IdentifiedHealth Problems Identified

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Weight Results Weight Results Thirty seven percent of the 81 participants had normal weight Thirty seven percent of the 81 participants had normal weight

valuesvalues

Twenty six percent of participants were in the over weight Twenty six percent of participants were in the over weight group and 37% were obese.group and 37% were obese.

TT

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Blood Pressure ResultsBlood Pressure ResultsAverage Systolic Blood Pressure- 136.43 Average Systolic Blood Pressure- 136.43

Average Diastolic Blood Pressure- 84.7Average Diastolic Blood Pressure- 84.7

The average values of the blood pressures The average values of the blood pressures of the 77 participants indicated that of the 77 participants indicated that hypertension was not a problem. These hypertension was not a problem. These values did, however, suggest that values did, however, suggest that participants were in the pre-hypertensive participants were in the pre-hypertensive category.category.

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Cigarette Smoking ResultsCigarette Smoking Results

• Thirty (36%) of the 64 participants are Thirty (36%) of the 64 participants are smokers.smokers.

• Forty one (34%) of participants Forty one (34%) of participants reported that they had never smokedreported that they had never smoked

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Blood Glucose and Cholesterol LevelsBlood Glucose and Cholesterol Levels

Average glucose and cholesterol values Average glucose and cholesterol values indicated that diabetes nor high indicated that diabetes nor high cholesterol levels were not problems cholesterol levels were not problems problems in the majority of community or problems in the majority of community or congregant participants congregant participants

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Nutritional Intake ResultsNutritional Intake Results

Sixty nine of the 80 CHEER participants Sixty nine of the 80 CHEER participants ate foods that were high in fiber and 74 ate foods that were high in fiber and 74 reported that their diets contained foods reported that their diets contained foods high in fat/cholesterol.high in fat/cholesterol.

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Physical Activity ResultsPhysical Activity Results

Forty one of the 80 participants reported Forty one of the 80 participants reported that they exercised at least 3 days a that they exercised at least 3 days a week. The other 39 participants week. The other 39 participants exercise 1-2 days a week.exercise 1-2 days a week.

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Depressive SymptomsDepressive Symptoms

• Fifteen (10%) of the 68 participants had Fifteen (10%) of the 68 participants had mild distress, 10 (15%) reported mild distress, 10 (15%) reported moderate distress, and 8 (12%) had moderate distress, and 8 (12%) had severe distress.severe distress.

• Thirty (51%)participants indicated that Thirty (51%)participants indicated that they had no depressive symptoms.they had no depressive symptoms.

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Life Satisfaction ResultsLife Satisfaction Results

• Fifty(63%) of 79 community residents Fifty(63%) of 79 community residents and congregants were satisfied with and congregants were satisfied with their lives, their lives,

• 19(24%) were partially satisfied, and 10 19(24%) were partially satisfied, and 10 (13%) were not satisfied with their (13%) were not satisfied with their quality of lives.quality of lives.

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ConclusionsConclusions

Major health risk indicators include:Major health risk indicators include:

• ObesityObesity

• Diets high in fatDiets high in fat

• Lack of sufficient physical activityLack of sufficient physical activity

• SmokingSmoking

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ImplicationsImplications

Health indicators suggest that community Health indicators suggest that community

participants need health promotionparticipants need health promotion

strategies to address nutrition, smoking strategies to address nutrition, smoking

cessation, overweight/obesity, and cessation, overweight/obesity, and

physical inactivity. Improving these risks physical inactivity. Improving these risks

could reduce cardiovascular risk in thiscould reduce cardiovascular risk in this

population.population.