COMMUNITY HEALTH / COMMUNITY HEALTH / PUBLIC HEALTHPUBLIC HEALTH

DR. C.E. WINSLOWDR. C.E. WINSLOWsci and art of preventing dse, prolonging life, sci and art of preventing dse, prolonging life, promoting health & efficiency through promoting health & efficiency through organized community effort….organized community effort….

……so organizing these benefits as TO so organizing these benefits as TO ENABLE EVERY CITIZEN TO REALIZE HIS ENABLE EVERY CITIZEN TO REALIZE HIS BIRTHRIGHT TO HEALTH AND BIRTHRIGHT TO HEALTH AND LONGEVITY.LONGEVITY.

According to WHOAccording to WHO

PUBLIC HEALTHPUBLIC HEALTH - the ART OF APPLYING SCIENCE in - the ART OF APPLYING SCIENCE in

the CONTEXT OF POLITICS so as to the CONTEXT OF POLITICS so as to REDUCE INEQUALITIES IN HEALTH REDUCE INEQUALITIES IN HEALTH while ensuring the best health for the while ensuring the best health for the greatest number.greatest number.

PUBLIC HEALTH NURSINGPUBLIC HEALTH NURSING

The practice of nursing in national and The practice of nursing in national and local government health departments local government health departments (which include health centers and rural (which include health centers and rural health units), and public schools. health units), and public schools.

- - Standards of Public Health Nursing in the Standards of Public Health Nursing in the

Philippines, 2005Philippines, 2005

Major concepts:Major concepts:

Health promotionHealth promotion People’s participation towards self-People’s participation towards self-

reliance reliance

HANLONHANLON

most effective total dev & life of the most effective total dev & life of the indiv & his society indiv & his society

PURDOMPURDOM

applies holism in early years of life, applies holism in early years of life, young, adults, mid year & lateryoung, adults, mid year & later

prioritizes the survival of human prioritizes the survival of human beingbeing

Theoretical bases of CHN Theoretical bases of CHN practicepractice Theories and principles: Theories and principles:

Nursing Nursing PHPH

Community health nsg—byCommunity health nsg—byDr. Araceli MaglayaDr. Araceli Maglaya

the utilization of the nsg process in the diff the utilization of the nsg process in the diff levels of clientele- individual, families, pop levels of clientele- individual, families, pop grps, and comm. concerned withgrps, and comm. concerned with

promotion of healthpromotion of health prevention of dsesprevention of dses disability and rehabilatationdisability and rehabilatation

GoalGoal::

to raise the level of health of the citizenry to raise the level of health of the citizenry by helping comm. & families to cope with by helping comm. & families to cope with the discontinuities in & threats to health the discontinuities in & threats to health in such a way as to maximize their in such a way as to maximize their potential for high-level wellness.potential for high-level wellness.

WHO CHNWHO CHN

Special field of nursing that combines the Special field of nursing that combines the skills of nsg, PH, and some phases of social skills of nsg, PH, and some phases of social assistance & functions as part of the total assistance & functions as part of the total PH program for the:PH program for the:

promotion of healthpromotion of health improvement of the conditions in the improvement of the conditions in the

social and physical environmentsocial and physical environment rehab of illness and disabilityrehab of illness and disability

JacobsonJacobson

CHN is learned practice discipline CHN is learned practice discipline with the ultimate goal of with the ultimate goal of contributing, as individual and in contributing, as individual and in collaboration with others, to the collaboration with others, to the promotion of the client’s optimum promotion of the client’s optimum level of functioning through level of functioning through teaching & delivery of care.teaching & delivery of care.

FreemanFreeman

CHN is service rendered by a professional CHN is service rendered by a professional nurse with the comm., groups, families, nurse with the comm., groups, families, and individual at home, in Health Centers, and individual at home, in Health Centers, in clinics, in school, in places of work for in clinics, in school, in places of work for the ff:the ff:

promo of healthpromo of health prevention of illnessprevention of illness care of the sick at home and rehabcare of the sick at home and rehab

PhilosophyPhilosophy

Dr. Margaret ShetlandDr. Margaret Shetland

philosophy of CHN is philosophy of CHN is based on the WORTH based on the WORTH AND DIGNITY of manAND DIGNITY of man

Basic concepts of CHNBasic concepts of CHN

primary focus/ emphasis- health promo 7 primary focus/ emphasis- health promo 7 dses preventiondses prevention

primary goal- self reliance in health or primary goal- self reliance in health or enhanced capabilitiesenhanced capabilities

ultimate goal- raise level of # of citizenryultimate goal- raise level of # of citizenry

Philo of CHN- Worth and dignity of manPhilo of CHN- Worth and dignity of man

CHN practices -to benefit ( indiv, fam, CHN practices -to benefit ( indiv, fam, special pop, comm.)special pop, comm.)

CHN is integrated and comprehensiveCHN is integrated and comprehensive CHN are generalists- matter of comm. CHN are generalists- matter of comm.

health workhealth work all types and levels of HCall types and levels of HC

Levels of HC:Levels of HC:

PHC- comm.PHC- comm. SHC- regional, provincial, district, SHC- regional, provincial, district,

municipal, and local hosp (complicated municipal, and local hosp (complicated sx)sx)

THC- sophisticated med ctr—heart ctr, THC- sophisticated med ctr—heart ctr, QI, NKIQI, NKI

Nature of CHN practice requires Nature of CHN practice requires knowledge on biological, social knowledge on biological, social sciencessciences

Implicit in CHN is the nsg practice Implicit in CHN is the nsg practice (ADPIE)(ADPIE)

Basic principles of CHN: Basic principles of CHN:

The comm. is the patient in CHN, the The comm. is the patient in CHN, the family is the unit of care and the 4 family is the unit of care and the 4 levels of clientele are:levels of clientele are:

individualindividual Pop. grp ( those who share common char, Pop. grp ( those who share common char,

dev stages and common exposure to the dev stages and common exposure to the problems ex. Children, elderly)problems ex. Children, elderly)

familyfamily community.community.

In CHN, the client is considered as an In CHN, the client is considered as an ACTIVE partner NOT PASSIVE ACTIVE partner NOT PASSIVE recipient of care-participatory approachrecipient of care-participatory approach

Client- active participant, full Client- active participant, full involvement recipient careinvolvement recipient care

CHN practice is affected by devts in CHN practice is affected by devts in Health technology, in particular, changes Health technology, in particular, changes in society, in general.in society, in general.

The goal of CHN is achieved through The goal of CHN is achieved through multisectoral efforts- coordinated with multisectoral efforts- coordinated with other sectors.other sectors.

CHN is a part of health care system and CHN is a part of health care system and the larger human services system.- Nsg the larger human services system.- Nsg practice, human servicepractice, human service

Basic Concepts of CHN Basic Concepts of CHN

Primary focus is on health promotx. The Primary focus is on health promotx. The comm. H nurse by the nature of her work has comm. H nurse by the nature of her work has the opportunity & responsibility for eval the the opportunity & responsibility for eval the health status of people & groups & relating health status of people & groups & relating them to practice.them to practice.

CHN practice is extended to benefit not only CHN practice is extended to benefit not only the indiv but the whole family and community.the indiv but the whole family and community.

Community health nurses are generalists in Community health nurses are generalists in terms of their practice through life’s terms of their practice through life’s continuum- its full range of health problems continuum- its full range of health problems and needs.and needs.

Contact with the client and/or family Contact with the client and/or family may continue over a long period of time may continue over a long period of time which includes all ages and all types of which includes all ages and all types of health care.health care.

the nature of CHN practice requires that the nature of CHN practice requires that current knowledge derived fr the current knowledge derived fr the biological and social sciences, ecology, biological and social sciences, ecology, clinical nsg, and community health clinical nsg, and community health organizations be utilized.organizations be utilized.

The dynamic process of assessing, The dynamic process of assessing, planning, implementing and intervening, planning, implementing and intervening, provide periodic measurements of provide periodic measurements of progress, eval, and a continuum of the progress, eval, and a continuum of the cycle until the termination of nsg is cycle until the termination of nsg is implicit in the practice of CHN.implicit in the practice of CHN.