Community Development Core Competencies for Extension Professionals in the North Central Region

Community Development Core Competencies for

Extension Professionals in the North Central Region

Community Development Core Competencies for Extension Professionals in the North Central Region

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Foundations of Foundations of PracticePracticeThe Foundations of Practice: Community

Development Core Competencies for Extension

Professionals is composed of three major

components:

• Understanding Communities and their

Dynamics

• Developing Successful Community Initiatives

• Areas of Specialization and Emphasis


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Component 1Component 1The first component, Understanding Communities

and their Dynamics, is a series of seven core

competencies that focus on:

• The ability to understand community of place.

• The nature of public issues.

• The dynamics and interdependencies of the

various segments of the community.

• The basics of community development work.


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Understanding Understanding Communities and their Communities and their DynamicsDynamics

Basic Understanding of Community

Community Demographics

Community Economics

Community Power Structure

Natural Resources and Sustainability

Community Situational Analysis

Community Development Process

Community Development Core Competencies for

Extension Professionals in the North Central region

Community Community DemographicsDemographics


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Community Community DemographicsDemographics

This presentation was originally developed by:

Andy Lewis

Professor and Community Development Specialist

University of Wisconsin Extension

Fall 2005


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Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives

• Develop an understanding of how to use economic and demographic data to better understand a community's present and future needs.

• Identify sources of information about community issues to increase understanding and insight into the complexity of challenges that affect the community.


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Learning Objectives Learning Objectives cont.cont.

• Illustrate how sound data can be used to challenge our assumptions that keep us from learning the “real” truths and prohibit us from becoming learners.

• Learn how to use data to begin constructing community development strategies that address emerging community trends.


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Community Community DemographicsDemographicsUnderstanding a demographic profile and trends in a community is essential to identifying issues and sustainable alternatives. This includes trends in population growth/ decline, age, ethnicity, educational level, length of residence and many other important population characteristics as they affect the identification and priority of issues and possible actions.

Source: Cooperative Extension’s Community Development Foundation of Practice, January 2005, http://srdc.msstate.edu/nacdep/foundationofpractice_jan05.pdf


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Is That Your Is That Your Final Answer?Final Answer?What percentage of the households in the U.S. lived in the same dwelling throughout the entire period, 1995 to 2000?

• 81%

• 51%

• 66%

• 74%

Source: Table H38, Census 2000 Summary File 3 (SF 3)


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The Community The Community Development Development Factor…Factor…

If we recognize the mobility of Americans, we can’t lose sight of the fact that we need to build communities where people want to stay and economic opportunities are only part of the equation.


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Is That Your Is That Your Final Answer?Final Answer?

What percentage of U.S. farmers (principal operators) work off of the farm 200 days or more?

• Less then 5%

• 15%

• 27%

• 40%

• 60%

Source: U.S. Census of Agriculture, 2002


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Indiana has the 26th highest graduation rate in the country (74%). Where does Indiana rank in high school graduation rates for African-Americans among the 39 states that track this statistic?

a)1st

b)7th

c) 23rd

d)39th

Source: High School Graduation Rates in the United States, 2002, Jay

P.Greene, The Manhattan Institute for Policy Research, http://www.manhattan-institute.org/html/cr_baeo.htm


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Who Wants to Who Wants to be a be a Millionaire?Millionaire?

• Over a 30-year career, an individual with a bachelor’s degree earns about one million more in income then the high school drop out.

• A high-school dropout earns just 49% of what an average adult worker earns each year.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, March, 2001:

http://www.census.gov/population/socdemo/education/ppl-157/tab08.pdf


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What percentage of Tippecanoe County, Indiana residents (16 years and above and working) work within the County boundaries?

• 38%

• 75%

• 56%

• 92%

• 100%Source: U.S. Census 2000, County to County Worker Flow Files, http://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/commuting.html

U.S. Census Bureau 2000, Place of Work for Workers (SF3, P 26) Data http://factfinder.census.gov/


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U.S. Census U.S. Census Worker Flow DataWorker Flow Data

Workers Workers Working In Working In County Of County Of ResidenceResidence

Note: As a Percent of Total Workers 16 Years Note: As a Percent of Total Workers 16 Years and Above Residing in the Countyand Above Residing in the County


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Benefits from Benefits from employment tend to employment tend to be regional, but….be regional, but….

Should communities think about how commuting for employment impacts the following?

• Where do commuters do their shopping?

• What is the expense of commuting?

• How much time is spent commuting that could have been spent on income earning activities, or community and family building activities?

• What is the environmental impact and transportation impact of commuters?


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Using Demographic Using Demographic DataDataHow could you use demographic data to better understand your local community and economy?

• What are some of the community problems and opportunities that might be informed by good reliable data?

• Are there specific issues in your community where you have struggled to find data sources?

• What are the significant economic and demographic trends that you are observing in the communities you serve?


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DATA SOURCESDATA SOURCESExisting Reports

• County Workforce Profiles

• County Economic Profiles

• Agriculture Profiles

Easy to Use Sources• Indiana New Economy Workforce Statistics –

Indiana DWD

• SETA/Take Charge – Iowa State University

• American Factfinder –US Census Bureau

• STATS Indiana – Indiana Business Research Center, Indiana University, Kelly School of Business


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Information Information Overload?Overload?

County Economic ProfileAmerican Factfinder, U.S. Census BearFacts, Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce Bureau of Economic Analysis, downloadable economic data. Community Economic Toolbox , Developed by Penn State University. You select the state and then the county that you're interested in examining.Census of Agriculture (2002), United States Department of Agriculture The Census of Agriculture is done every 5 years. Use the "Query Downloadable Options" for securing County and state level data. County Business Patterns 1993-2002, U.S. Census DataPlace, A "one-stop" source for data about your community or any place in the US developed specifically for housing and community development professionals. Find key statistics on any region in the US through maps, charts, tables and rankings. Educational Finance Statistics by School District, National Center for Educational Statistics . For a list of the school districts within a county, first go to:http://nces.ed.gov/ccd/districtsearch/Location Quotient Calculator, U.S. Department of Labor Quarterly Workforce Indicators: U.S. Census, NAICS data by year and quarter. QWI measure the performance of the local economy - where jobs are, for what kind of workers, how much workers can expect to make and employers expect to pay them. Shift-Share Analysis Calculator, University of Georgia PCRD: Purdue Center for Regional Development, RUPRI: Rural Policy Research Institute, For Indiana data, see http://www.rupri.org/resources/rnumbers/states/Indiana.pdfTiger Maps (Base Maps), U.S. Census: At the bottom of the page, type in the name of the County and the state, and then click on "search". SETA: Office of Social and Economic Trend Analysis , Iowa State collects, analyzes, interprets, and disseminate information on social, economic, and demographic trends in support of community and regional analysis with emphasis on Iowa (but also includes data on Wisconsin!). This web-site is being updated to include data on all 50 states....see SETA Take Charge! STATS Indiana: is an information service of the Indiana Business Research Center For data, see http://www.stats.indiana.edu/


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U.S. Census Quick U.S. Census Quick FactsFacts

http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/


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Tippecanoe County, Tippecanoe County, ININ

http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/


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http://factfinder.census.gov

U.S. Census U.S. Census FactfinderFactfinder


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U.S. Census Fact U.S. Census Fact SheetSheet

http://factfinder.census.gov/


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Workers Travel TimeWorkers Travel Time

Percent workers 16 Percent workers 16 years and over, not years and over, not

working at home with working at home with Travel Time less than 30 Travel Time less than 30

MinutesMinutes

Source: U.S. Census Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2000; SF3 Bureau, 2000; SF3

Percent


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SETA – State of SETA – State of Indiana Indiana

http://www.seta.iastate.eduhttp://www.seta.iastate.edu/


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SETA – State of SETA – State of IndianaIndiana


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Age MattersAge Matters

Age COHORTS

What happened to all the residents of your community who were age 20 to 29 years old in 1990? By the year 2000, they had all turned 30 to 39 years old. These are called AGE COHORTS.

Looking at the age structure of your community’s population is important for projecting future trends: for example, as the baby boomers move up the population ladder into retirement they will generate many new social needs because of the size of their cohort and because they have different expectations from previous elder generations.

ikumar

Need to change the text- two points of thought- age cohorts used in population projection; age cohorts used for a snapshot of demography.


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SETA – State of SETA – State of IndianaIndiana


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http://lehd.dsd.census.gov/led/index.html

Quarterly Quarterly Workforce IndicatorsWorkforce Indicators


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http://lehd.dsd.census.gov/led/datatools/qwiapp.html

Quarterly Workforce Quarterly Workforce IndicatorsIndicators


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Site Selection Data Site Selection Data Standards:Standards:Published by the IEDCPublished by the IEDC

http://www.iedconline.org/index.php?p=Data_Standards


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Indiana Economic Indiana Economic Development Development CorporationCorporation

http://www.in.gov/iedc/site/indiana_properties.html


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What Is the What Is the Appropriate Appropriate Question?….Question?….

• Do you really want to know everything there is to know about your community and region?

• Do you want to know where information resides so that when a question arises….you know where to find the appropriate data?

• Do you want help in understanding significant community trends?


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http://www.uwex.edu/ces/cced/indicate.html

Community Community IndicatorsIndicators


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Community Indicator Community Indicator “Tools”“Tools”

http://www.uwex.edu/ces/cced/Indicators_Links.htm


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Topics Covered To Topics Covered To DateDate

Mobility: A Culture on the Move

How long have you lived in your community? In the United States, only half the population is living in the same place that they lived in five years ago. According to James M. Jasper, the only group that moves more frequently than Americans are nomadic tribes. What does that mean for your community? How does your community compare? To find out how your community compares, take a look at the following Community Indicator.


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Topics, continued…Topics, continued…Get an Education and Double Your Salary

• A 2-part series which examines the best predictor of income.

Part I (Focus on High School)

Part II (Focus on Higher Education)

Source: U.S. Census Bureau


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Topics, continued…Topics, continued…The Indiana Self Sufficiency Standard calculates how much money working adults need to meet their basic needs without subsidies of any kind. It accounts for varying costs of living and working by family size, composition, the age of children and by where these families reside in Indiana.

The Self-Sufficiency Standard is calculated for 70 different family types in each of Indiana’s 92 counties. The 70 family types range from a single adult with no children, to one adult with one infant, one adult with one preschooler, and so forth, up to two-adult families with three teenagers.

For more information, contact the Indiana Institute for Working Families, ICHHI at (317) 636-8819. The Indiana Standard is available online at www.ichhi.org


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Topics, continued…Topics, continued…

Keeping Them Down on the Farm

47% of principal farm operators report that they work more then 100 days off of the farm. Could these business people be the source for new innovative enterprises?

ikumar

Ag census online, Indiana, US


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Why Community Why Community Indicators?Indicators?

• As specialists we try to be responsive to local needs but also try to anticipate better questions and solutions.

• Community “Snapshot Profile” and “Overview” are equally important


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Economic SnapshotsEconomic Snapshots

http://www.indianaeconomicdigest.net/


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Economic SnapshotsEconomic Snapshots

http://www.incontext.indiana.edu/


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Census of AgricultureCensus of Agriculture

http://151.121.3.33:8080/Census/Create_Census_US_CNTY.jsp


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Number of Farmers Number of Farmers Working 200+ Days Off Working 200+ Days Off FarmFarm


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Principal Operators—Principal Operators—Male Male


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Principal Operators—Principal Operators—Male Male


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Principal Operators—Principal Operators—FemaleFemale


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Principal Operators— Principal Operators— FemaleFemale


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U.S. Farmers U.S. Farmers 1,891,163 Male Principal Farm Operators

237,819 Female Principal Farm Operators

2,128,982 Total Principal Farm Operators

832,348 Principal Operators working >200 days “off farm”

= 39%

= 55% of principal operators working some days “off farm”

1,155,782

2,128,982

832,348

2,128,982


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Additional ReadingAdditional Reading

• Using Employment Data to Better Understand Your Local Economy, Martin Shields, Penn State:http://www.cdtoolbox.org/economic_development/intro_5_2003.PDF

• "Community Indicators", Center for Community & Economic Development, University of Wisconsin Extension:http://www.uwex.edu/ces/cced/indicate.html


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Additional ReadingAdditional Reading

• "Economic Snapshots", Center for Community & Economic Development, University of Wisconsin Extension:http://www.uwex.edu/ces/cced/economicsnapshot.html

• Economic/Demographic Profile Links, Center for Community & Economic Development, University of Wisconsin Extension: http://www.uwex.edu/ces/cced/CountyEconomicProfile.htm


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Next SessionNext Session

Community Economics

February 23, 20061:30 to 3 p.m. CST

The ability to understand the economic base of a community and the dynamics between the various economic sectors—including the ways in which money turns over in the community, leaves the community, or is invested—are important to providing a vibrant economy.

Documents

Community Development Core Competencies for Extension Professionals in the North Central Region