Name : Andravina Pranathania SuryonoStudent ID : 030.09.015

1. Please explain briefly about three major determinants for maternal and child undernutrition2. What is stunting? Explain briefly why stunting is important3. What is the right time to introduce the complimentary feeding to the infant? Please explain wht fortified food should be given to young children?4. In malaria endemic area, what is the role of hepcidin if iron supplementation is given to anemic patients?5. Why do you think it is necessary to conduct dietary survey in the community? Please mention your opinion

1. Maternal Body Mass Index, maternal education, and size of the child of the child at birth are the major determinants for maternal and child undernutrition.2. Stunting is reduced growth rate in human development, it is one of the manifestation of malnutrition. The definition of stunting according to World Health Organisation (WHO) is when the height for age less than two standard deviations of the WHO Child Growth median height for age of reference population. Stunting caused by inadequate nutrition. Lack of nutrients will stop the brain from developing properly. And the consequences of stunting is particulary impaired cognitive development. So that is why stunting is important.3. The right time to introduce the complimentary feeding to the infant is after 6 months because after six months breastfeeding will not complete the nutrition needs, so we need to add food and still continue to give the breastfeeding. Food fortification is the practice adding essential vitamins and minerals like iron, vit A, etc. It should be given because fortified food may give you the nutrient needs, its a strategy to begin decreasing the incidence of nutrient deficiencies. And if the young children got the nutrient they need they will grow perfectly.4. Malaria and iron have a complex but important relationship. In humans, iron deficiency appears to protect against severe malaria, while iron supplementation increases risks of infection and disease. Hepcidin is upregulated during blood-stage parasitemia and likely mediates much of the iron redistribution that accompanies disease. In certain severe malaria syndromes, hepcidin may be suppressed. The mechanisms behind both hepcidins increase and its suppression in malaria are currently unclear. In endemic area iron supplementation is not suggested.5. It is necessary because we need to know what kind of food they consume everyday, how much calories they take, is it to much or less, is it enough for everyday needs. So there will be no obesity or malnutrition, everybody will get a good and balance nutrition.