Communities and Their Histories

Chapter 7

Vocabulary• Explorer: A person who travels

looking for new lands• Fleet: A large group of ships• Fortification: Walls around a

building used for protection• Representative Government:

Voters elect people to speak for them in a representative government.

Iroquois

• Oneida County, New York• Quebec Canada• Iroquis lived here when explores arrived• Corn main crop• Set up government• Rules protects rights groups• Explorers had different customs• Led to conflict

Early Explorers

• Portugal• Spain• France• England• Traded with India, China• Very long route• Searching for a water route• Hoping to make trade faster

Places• Oneida County, New York: home to the Iroquois.• Portugal: in south western Europe• Spain: a country in south western Europe• France: a country in western Europe• England: the southern part of Great Britain• St. Augustine, Florida: a city; the oldest settlement in the USA• Quebec City: a city in Canada• Jamestown, Virginia: the first permanent English settlement

in America• James River: the river that Jamestown in located on

Christopher Columbus

• Born in Italy• Goal: find route to Asia• Sailed for Spain• Landed in The Bahamas • Explored America

Hernando de Soto

• Sailed for Spain• Explored North America

Juan Ponce de Leon

• Sailed for Spain• Explored Florida

Jacques Cartier

• Sailed for France• Explored Canada (the St. Lawrence River)

Samuel de Champlain

• Sailed for France• Explored Canada (Quebec)

John Cabot

• Born in Italy• Sailed for England• Explored North America

Henry Hudson

• Sailed for England and Holland• Explored the Hudson Bay Area

Spanish Community• Ponce de Leon • St. Augustine Florida• Land of flowers• Hoped to find riches• Land perfect for farming• 1521- brought 200

settlers hoping to build a city

• Spanish landed first• Battle broke out• Ponce de Leon killed by

arrow

Fight for Florida

• 1564- French set up colony on St, John's river

• Threatened Spanish treasure ships safety

• Don Pedro Menendez de Aviles- most experience admiral sent to be governor Florida

Fight for Florida

• Castillo de San Marcos• Sheltered from ocean• Defended easily• Later called St. Augustine• Defeated French fleet with help of hurricane• Coast Florida controlled by Spanish• St. Augustine 1st permanent European

settlement in North America

St. Augustine today

• Beaches• Visit historic sights• Oldest standing house in US• Oldest stone fort- Castillo de San Marcos• Fort Moses- protected Africans from slavery

Don Pedro Mendenez de Aviles

• Sailed for Spain• Explored St. Augustine, Florida

Christopher Newport

• Sailed for England• Explored Jamestown

John Smith

• English• Lead Jamestown

Powhatan

• Algonquin chief • Lived in what is now Virginia

Pocahontas

• A Native American woman • Helped the English settlers• Married an Englishman