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COMMUNICATIONFALL 2014
APA Citations
Workshop Goals
RefWorks sign-upAPA resourcesReference List:
How to cite a scholarly article How to cite a news article How to cite a government report How to cite a book How to cite a website
In-text citationsCreating a bibliography with RefWorks
http://ezproxy.villanova.edu/login?URL=http://www.refworks.com/refworks
Create a folder in RefWorks
Create new folder.
APA Resources
American Psychological Association. (2010). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.1
American Psychological Association. (2007). APA style guide to electronic references. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
APA Style Online TutorialAPA Style BlogResearch & Documentation OnlinePurdue OWL - APA1. All citation and formatting rules found in this presentation are from this source. Check this area of each slide for a page reference.
APA Resources
(Homepage < Guides < Topic Guides < The Ultimate Guide to APA Style)
Why Cite?
In scholarly research, readers must be able to go to the original source to verify the ideas and facts that you rely upon to make your argument.
Why Cite?
Academic Integrity at Villanova University
academic integrity, n.: the process of maintaining honesty about ideas and their sources, and avoiding behaviors such as cheating on tests, plagiarizing papers, falsifying data.
Academic integrity is “a primary value for any institution of higher education. Cheating on tests, plagiarism, and other forms of academic dishonesty and misconduct are completely unacceptable, especially at Villanova which prides itself on its commitment to the Augustinian values of truth, unity, and love.”
First page of an article
Reference List: Formatting
List references in alphabetical order. Include only works that have been cited in the text of your
paper. Space evenly throughout. The first line of a citation should be flush left
Indent all subsequent lines (5 spaces).
References
Berelson, B. (1966). Content analysis in communication research. In B.
Berelson, and M. Janowitz (Eds.), Reader in public opinion and
communication (2nd ed.), pp.260-266. New York, NY: Free Press.
Severin, W. J., & Tankard, J. W. (2001). Communication theories: Origins,
methods, and uses in the mass media. New York, NY: Addison
Wesley Longman.
Shyles, L. (2002). Deciphering cyberspace. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Reference List:Scholarly Articles [Periodicals]
Author, A.B., & Writer, C.D. (YEAR). Title of the article: Subtitle of the article. Title of the Journal, Volume#(issue# if available), begin page – end page.
Gitlin, T. (1978). Media sociology: The dominant paradigm. Theory and Society, 6, 205-253.
In Print
p.198-199
Reference List:Scholarly Articles [Periodicals]
Retrieved Online
Author, A.B., & Writer, C.D. (YEAR). Title of the article: Subtitle of the article. Title of the Journal, Volume#(issue# if available), begin page – end page. doi: 1053/45614-5643
Wang, Z., Lang, A., & Busemeyer, J. R. (2011). Motivational processing and choice behavior during television viewing: An integrative dynamic approach. Journal of Communication, 61, 71-93. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2010.01527.x
p.198-199
Reference ListScholarly Articles [Periodicals]
Always leave names of authors in the order they are given.
More than 7 authors: First 6 authors,…Last author.
DOI not available: Retrieved from URL or name of database
Journals paginated by issue: Include the issue number in parentheses Constructivism in the Human Sciences, 23(2),
14-23. p.198-199
First page of an article
Article Record from a Database
Always double-check!
Automatically generate citations or export to Refworks.
Reference ListNewspaper Articles
Author, D. (YEAR, Month DAY). Title or headline of article. Title of the Newspaper, pp. SectionPage.
“If an article appears on discontinuous pages, give all page numbers, and separate the numbers with a comma (e.g., pp. B1, B3, B5-B7).”
Bieply, M., & Barnes, B. (2011, March 1). Younger audience still eludes the Oscars. The New York Times, pp. C1, C7.
Print Newspaper Article
p. 200
Reference ListNewspaper Articles
Author, D. (YEAR, Month DAY). Title or headline of article. Title of the Newspaper. Retrieved from URL of the homepage
*If no author is provided, begin with the title of the article, then the date.
Bialik, C. (2011, February 26). Pollsters struggle for accurate picture of Mideast. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from http://online.wsj.com/
Online Newspaper Article
p. 200
Reference ListGovernment Reports
Full Name of Department or Agency. (YEAR). Title of the report (ACRONYM Publication No. 1234). Retrieved from URL of the document
United States Government Accountability Office. (2005). Independent media development abroad: Challenges exist in implementing U.S. efforts and measuring results (GAO-05-803). Retrieved from http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/ GAOREPORTS-GAO-05-803/pdf/GAOREPORTS-GAO-05-803.pdf
p. 205
Reference ListBooks
Author, A.B. (YEAR). Title of the book. Location: Publisher.
Shyles, L. (2002). Deciphering cyberspace. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
p. 202
Reference ListBook Chapter
Author, A.B. (YEAR). Title of chapter. In A. Editor, B. Editor, & C. Editor (Eds.), Title of the book (pp. beginpage – endpage). Location: Publisher.
*For works retrieved online, include DOI if available, or if not available, use Retrieved from.
Berelson, B. (1966). Content analysis in communication research. In B. Berelson, & M. Janowitz (Eds.), Reader in public opinion and communication (2nd ed.), pp.260-266. New York, NY: Free Press.
Catalog Record
Reference List Websites
Author, A. (YEAR, Month DAY). Title of page or document [Format description]. Retrieved from URL of site
Basic Citation
Variations
•Format description is only for unusual format types:• Example format descriptions: Blog post, Twitter post,
Facebook update, Press release •The author could also be the publishing organization, if no person is named.• Give as specific a date as possible. If no date is available, use the abbreviation (n.d.) for “no date.”
Source: How to cite something you found on a website in APA style from the APA Style Blog
Reference List Websites
NBC Universal. (2011). About us. Retrieved from http://www.nbcuni.com/about-us/
DeGeorges, T. (2011, February 25). I didn’t tape that, my TV alter-ego did [Blog post]. Retrieved from http://www.twcableuntangled.com/2011/02/i-didnt-tape-that-my-tv-alter-ego-did/
One or Two Authors Multiple Authors
Shyles (2002) notes that analog signals are continuous.
Shyles’ 2002 study noted that analog signals are continuous.
Analog signals are continuous (Shyles, 2002).
Severin and Tankard (2001) claim… (Severin & Tankard, 2001)
Osgood, Suci, and Tannenbaum (1957) found…(first time cited)
Osgood et al. (1957) found…(subsequent citations)
Osgood et al. found… (subsequent citations within same paragraph as above example)
For more than 6 authors, cite only the first author followed by et al. and the year.
In Text Citations
p. 174-175
Organizational Author No Author
A study by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC, 2004) states… (first citation)
The FCC (2004) claims…(subsequent citations)
Use first few words of the reference (typically the title) Double quotes around title of
article, chapter or webpage; italicize title of periodical, book, or report
This is an example (“Newspaper Article,” 2005).
The book Examples (2007) states…
In Text Citations
p.176 - 177
In Text Citations Direct Quotations
Direct quotes from a source are enclosed in double quotation marks, with the page number given in parentheses at the end of the quote, before the period:
Shyles (2002) claims that the Strowger switch “quickly became the backbone of the world’s telecommunication network” (p. 115).
p. 92
In Text Citations Direct Quotations
Quotations of 40 words or more are presented in a block, without quotation marks, with the page number given in parentheses at the end, after the final period:
Dickens (1859) stated: It was the best of times, it was the worst of times; it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness; it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity; it was the season of Light, it was the season of Darkness; it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair; we had everything before us, we had nothing before us; we were all going directly to Heaven, we were all going the other way. (p. 1)
p. 92
In Class Activity
In pairs, review the list of citations.Correct any mistakes you notice.Please use any of the guides mentioned
during the presentationOnce finished, we will review the mistakes
together.
Create a RefWorks Reference List
Conclusion
There are many more types of documents that you may need to cite in APA style.
There are unusual situations you may encounter when preparing your reference list.
When in doubt, check a trustworthy APA resource, or the publication manual itself.
Reference librarians are available to help with APA citations.
The Writing Center can help throughout the writing process, including APA formatting. Phone: 610-519-4604 Office: 210 Falvey Library
Contact Me
Alexander WilliamsResearch Support Librarian for [email protected] 610-519-8845Room 223
Your Course Guide:http://library.villanova.edu Guides
Communication Course Resources