COMMUNICATION FACTORSCOMMUNICATION FACTORS

“ “ Correct knowledge is important and the Correct knowledge is important and the ability to teachability to teach it moreso.If you are really it moreso.If you are really going to make a difference as a coach it’s going to make a difference as a coach it’s how you impart your knowledge to your how you impart your knowledge to your athletes.This ability to pass on your athletes.This ability to pass on your knowledge is invaluable.”knowledge is invaluable.”

Sir Clive WoodwardSir Clive Woodward

Good Teachers ?Good Teachers ?

Teaching is not what one DOES – it is what one IS.

M Hellison

TEACHINGTELLING

INFLUENCING

ENLIGHTENMENT

UNDERSTANDING

EXPERIMENTATION

DEMONSTRATING

CHALLENGING

GUIDING

ADVISING

INVENTION

PERSUADING

OWNERSHIP

RESPONSIBILITY

QUESTIONING

PROVOKING

COMMUNICATINGCOMMUNICATING

COMMUNICATIONCOMMUNICATION

‘‘No matter how much knowledge No matter how much knowledge a coach has, no matter how a coach has, no matter how great his understanding of the great his understanding of the physical and emotional needs of physical and emotional needs of his athletes, his success or his athletes, his success or failure,boils down to one thing – failure,boils down to one thing –

COMMUNICATION’COMMUNICATION’

COACHING COACHING ISIS

COMMUNICATIONCOMMUNICATION

CommunicationCommunication

WHEN ?WHEN ?

Where ?Where ?

With who ?With who ?

Why ?Why ?

What ?What ?

COMMUNICATION – HOW ?COMMUNICATION – HOW ?

CommunicationCommunication

HOW?HOW?

VERBAL VERBAL

VISUALVISUAL

KINAESTHETICKINAESTHETIC

WRITTENWRITTEN

WithCLARITY

AUTHENTICITYIMPACT

VERBAL FACTORSVERBAL FACTORS

VERBAL FACTORS

TONE

DICTION

VOLUME EMPHASISSPEED PAUSE

SINCERITY

CERTAINTY

COMPOSURE

AUDIENCEAPPROPRIATE

EMOTIONAL

VOCABULARY

CONFIDENCE

LANGUAGE TYPE

TIMBRE

ACCENT(Trust )

STORY ANALOGYMETAPHOR

POWER WORDS

PLAYER

PLAYERSDIRECTORS PARENTS HALF TIME

TRAINING GROUND

TOUCHLINE

V

DIALECT

CONVINCING

ASSERTIVE

Non - Verbal Spoken Word Words

35% 5858%%

7%7%

Communication – feelings and Communication – feelings and attitudesattitudes

Communication – feelings and Communication – feelings and attitudesattitudes

WORDS

NON-VERBAL

VERBAL

DELIVERY

Albert Mehrabian

CommunicationCommunicationVERBAL FACTORSVERBAL FACTORS 1) Voice (speed, volume, overload, diction, pitch, timbre.)1) Voice (speed, volume, overload, diction, pitch, timbre.) 2) Vocabulary (meaning, understood, word selection / richness)2) Vocabulary (meaning, understood, word selection / richness) 3) Tonality.3) Tonality. 4) Projection of voice (distance, inflection.)4) Projection of voice (distance, inflection.) 5) Pause, Silence, Emotion, Timing, Emphasis.5) Pause, Silence, Emotion, Timing, Emphasis. 6) Poise, Clarity, Authority, Analogy, Story. 6) Poise, Clarity, Authority, Analogy, Story. 7) Auditory, Visual Wording7) Auditory, Visual Wording

“ “ Words affect state .State affects behaviour.”Words affect state .State affects behaviour.”

v

“Blair was tailoring his speech to what he imagined would be more acceptable tothe down-market audience.It was the same when he visited the USA – he re-positioned his accent to better identify with America. He adopted different voices to appeal to each.”

“ I like clarity.I don’t waste my time being

unclear. But that can be seen as strict.”

Charls van Commenee

CommunicationCommunicationVERBAL FACTORSVERBAL FACTORS Voice and languageVoice and language -Matching-Matching - - RAPPORT=Commonality.RAPPORT=Commonality. ““people like peoplepeople like people like themselves”like themselves”

Power word repetition.Power word repetition.

“ “ Words affect state .State affects behaviour.”Words affect state .State affects behaviour.”

v

“Blair was tailoring his speech to what he imagined would be more acceptable tothe down-market audience.It was the same when he visited the USA – he re-positioned his accent to better identify with America. He adopted different voices to appeal to each.”

Power word repetition E Miliband:Generation x 41New x 34Change x 31

VERBAL FACTORS

TONE

DICTION

VOLUME EMPHASISSPEED PAUSE

SINCERITY

CERTAINTY

COMPOSURE

AUDIENCEAPPROPRIATE

EMOTIONAL

VOCABULARY

CONFIDENCE

LANGUAGE TYPE

TIMBRE

ACCENT

STORY ANALOGYMETAPHOR

POWER WORDS

PLAYER

PLAYERSDIRECTORS PARENTS

HALF TIME TRAINING GROUND

TOUCHLINE

V

DIALECT

CONVINCING

ASSERTIVE

IMPLICATIONS FOR THE COACH ?

Finding the words that cause the emotion !

StatementStatementStoryStoryControversialControversial

Increased Increased volumevolume

Change Change of toneof tone

Increase Increase in speedin speed

EmotiveEmotiveLoud !Loud !

3’s3’s

STARTSTART

Engage audience/groupEngage audience/group

EmphasisEmphasis QuieterQuietersoftersofter

WordsWordsSentenceSentencessPausePause

EmotiveEmotivesoftsoft

CLARITYCLARITY

CONVICTIONCONVICTION

AUTHORITYAUTHORITYRESONANCERESONANCE

FLUENCYFLUENCY

COACHING SESSION

POWER WORDS REPETITION !

VISUAL FACTORSVISUAL FACTORS

“ If it’s silent P.R. you want

then leave me out of it .”

Gordon Brown April 2010

NON-VERBALFACTORS

DRESSSTYLE

COLOURING DEMEANOUR

STANCE

GESTURES

GROOMING

APPEARANCE

EYES

EXPRESSIONS

PERSONAL SPACE

GRAVITAS

PHYSIQUEGAIT

HANDSHAKE

SMILE

GREETING

PHYSICAL CONTACT

GIVING

THEY REMEMBER HOW YOU MADE THEM FEEL !

CONGRUENCY

ACCESORIES

COLOUR

The first thing we instinctivelyregister

when confronted by anything.

( can provoke emotional and physiological changes.)

RED – Energy, excitement, life.BLACK- Menace, aggression, power, authority.YELLOW –Happiness, good-times, optimismBLUE – Calming, wisdom, focussed.GREEN – Growth, nature, money.WHITE – Purity, cleanliness.

CommunicationCommunication

VISUAL FACTORSVISUAL FACTORS 1) Body-language.1) Body-language. 2) Posture.2) Posture. 3) Gesture. (Barack Obama, News reporters.)3) Gesture. (Barack Obama, News reporters.) 4) Mirroring and Matching.4) Mirroring and Matching. 5) Eye-contact, Eye-messages!5) Eye-contact, Eye-messages! 6) Physical Distance.6) Physical Distance. 7) Facial Expression.7) Facial Expression. 8) Dress, Grooming, Gait, Stance, Style. 8) Dress, Grooming, Gait, Stance, Style.

“Only shallow people do not judge

others by their appearance.”

Oscar Wilde

“Talking without speaking” U2

Political ConventionsAudiences !

You ARE the message !

NON-VERBALFACTORS

DRESSSTYLE

COLOURINGDEMEANOUR

STANCE

GESTURES

GROOMING

APPEARANCE

EYES

EXPRESSIONS

PERSONAL SPACE

GRAVITAS

PHYSIQUE

GAIT

HANDSHAKE

SMILE

GREETING

PHYSICAL CONTACT

GIVING

THEY REMEMBER HOW YOU MADE THEM FEEL !

CONGRUENCY

IMPLIC

ATIONS FOR THE C

OACH ?

Interviews,meeting players,board meetings,touch-line demeanour etc

StatementStatementStoryStoryPausePauseControversialControversial

Increased Increased volumevolume

Change Change of toneof tone

Increase Increase in speedin speed

EmotiveEmotiveLoud !Loud !

3’s3’s

STARTSTART

Engage audience/groupEngage audience/group

EmphasisEmphasis QuieterQuietersoftersofter

WordsWordsSentenceSentencess

PausePause

EmotiveEmotivesoftsoft

Small gesturesSmall gesturesEye contactEye contact

Hands , armsHands , armsbodybody

BiggerBiggergesturesgestures

DressDressDemeanourDemeanour

GravitasGravitasExpressionsExpressions

HumourHumour

SinceritySinceritysynchronicitysynchronicity

COACHING SESSION

CommunicationCommunication

KINAESTHETIC FACTORSKINAESTHETIC FACTORS 1) Holding someone1) Holding someone 2) Touching someone2) Touching someone 3) Giving something3) Giving something 4) Kinaesthetic “Language”4) Kinaesthetic “Language” 5) Social distance.5) Social distance. 6) Venue lay-out.(e.g. Hotel meeting room.)6) Venue lay-out.(e.g. Hotel meeting room.) 7) Venue conditions-light,temperature etc:7) Venue conditions-light,temperature etc:

“ He didn’t have a good feelingabout what needed

to be done or said.”

About D Hayward BP Executive

SIGNIFICANT COMMUNICATION FACTORSSIGNIFICANT COMMUNICATION FACTORS

PRESENCE !PRESENCE !

PRESENCEPRESENCE

“ … “ ….a national manager needs to be of a certain .a national manager needs to be of a certain age and must have a certain level of age and must have a certain level of experience.” he said.experience.” he said.

“ “ You have to You have to have a great presencehave a great presence and a c.v. and a c.v. that’s indisputable.”that’s indisputable.”

Sir Alex Ferguson on the appointment of Sir Alex Ferguson on the appointment of Fabio Capello as England Coach.Fabio Capello as England Coach.

PRESENCE !PRESENCE !

WHO ?WHO ?

WHAT IS PRESENCE ?WHAT IS PRESENCE ?

( The Criteria for presence ? )

Creates a Creates a perceptionperception that someone is that someone is

in some way a superior being requiringin some way a superior being requiring

respect from others .respect from others .

Ken Goldman (April 2010)Ken Goldman (April 2010)

WHAT IS PRESENCE ?WHAT IS PRESENCE ?

“ “Impressive force of appearance,Impressive force of appearance,

personality and bearing.”personality and bearing.”

PRESENCEPRESENCE Command of self.Command of self. Command of “material”.Command of “material”. Command of role.Command of role. Command of others.Command of others. Command of situation.Command of situation.

Appropriate behaviours.Appropriate behaviours.

An “aura” , a “vapour “An “aura” , a “vapour “ - Pavarotti, Clinton.- Pavarotti, Clinton.

Command of self.Command of self. Command of “material”.Command of “material”. Command of role.Command of role. Command of others.Command of others. Command of situation.Command of situation.

Appropriate behaviours.Appropriate behaviours.

An “aura” , a “vapour “An “aura” , a “vapour “ - Pavarotti, Clinton.- Pavarotti, Clinton.

Grabs and holds yourattention !

Manages all interactions.With dignity, control, confidence.

Manages all interactions.With dignity, control, confidence.

Assured, confident, relaxed, prepared.

UnderstatedProfessionalism

LANGUAGELANGUAGE

( an instrument for expression !)( an instrument for expression !)

LANGUAGELANGUAGELANGUAGELANGUAGE

Largely used in two ways. - to internalise, interpret and then represent our experiences based on

our perceptions of the world. AND - to communicate our world to others. ( reflects our thinking.)

Influences minds and mental programming. ( Northumbria Police ) Articulates our feelings and beliefs. Shifts beliefs, perceptions and attempts to create sense for others. Affects “state” and behaviour of individuals and groups. ( A Hitler ) Can frame and contextualise our experiences. Calls forth emotions and is the way we influence others. Impacts significantly when emotions are evoked ! Highly effective when it causes internal reasoning in others. “ I wonder if ….. “ How would you feel if ….. “ How will you know that …..

LANGUAGECreates focus and direction.

VOCABULARYIMPACT REQUIRED

3’s

Repetition.

LANGUAGELANGUAGELANGUAGELANGUAGE Largely used in two ways. - to internalise, interpret and then represent our experiences based on our

perceptions of the world. AND - to communicate our world to others. ( reflects our thinking.)

Influences minds and mental programming. ( Northumbria Police )

Shifts beliefs, perceptions and attempts to create sense for others. Affects “state” and behaviour of individuals and groups. ( A Hitler )

AUDIENCE ?

STYLE & SUBSTANCE

INTENSITY, FEEL, CONVICTION

BE UNDERSTOOD RATHER THAN HEARD (What you say or what they hear ? )

COACH Audience ?Age ?Stage ?Experience ?Needs ?Messages ?Method ?

QUESTIONING ?QUESTIONING ?

W H Y ?W H Y ?

QUESTIONING ?QUESTIONING ?

Gain information.Gain information. Calculate understanding.Calculate understanding. Generate ideas.Generate ideas. To increase awareness of -----To increase awareness of ----- Evaluate feelings,opinions etcEvaluate feelings,opinions etc To challenge others to analyse,evaluate.To challenge others to analyse,evaluate. To provoke others to explore,discover,create etcTo provoke others to explore,discover,create etc To promote internal reasoning,thought and consideration.To promote internal reasoning,thought and consideration. To restore further detail that may have been ommitted .To restore further detail that may have been ommitted . Tag questioning.Tag questioning.

etc,etcetc,etc

Higher order thinking.Higher order thinking.

Lower order thinking.Lower order thinking.

To analyse,consider,To analyse,consider,create etccreate etc

FactualFactual

DEMONSTRATIONSDEMONSTRATIONS

DEMONSTRATIONDEMONSTRATION

Why is the demonstration necessary ?Why is the demonstration necessary ? Can provide an appropriate visual image.Can provide an appropriate visual image. Coach capable ?Coach capable ? Use of others to demonstrate.Use of others to demonstrate. Players able to see !Players able to see ! Indicate what to look at / for / observe.Indicate what to look at / for / observe. Indicate exactly what to observe, simple,detail,brief.Indicate exactly what to observe, simple,detail,brief. Repeat the demonstration if needed.Repeat the demonstration if needed. Prompt questions after the demonstration.Prompt questions after the demonstration.

CONSIDERATIONS FOR COACHES !CONSIDERATIONS FOR COACHES !

Voice qualitiesVocabularyDifferent languagesPower wordsToneSpeedPauseEmphasisRepetition3 ‘ sAppropriate wordingQuestioning skill

PresenceVapourBrand !AppearanceGesturesBody LanguageColouringGaitDemeanourEyesDemonstration skill

YOU

Are the message !

TONE of the sessionStatesFeelings

TEACHERof the GAME

The MANThe MESSAGEThe METHOD

Persuasion skillsInfluencing skills

IMPACT, INSPIRE

HOW didyou leave

themfeeling ?

COACHING RELEVANCECOACHING RELEVANCE States and Feelings generated ! (V A K )States and Feelings generated ! (V A K ) Environment – place and vapour !Environment – place and vapour ! To whom are you communicating ,where, about what,why ?To whom are you communicating ,where, about what,why ? Mastery of varied communication circumstances & skills.Mastery of varied communication circumstances & skills. The purpose of the communication ? (facts,an order,opinion,emotion etc)The purpose of the communication ? (facts,an order,opinion,emotion etc) Listening – for meaning,for tone, for emotions, for needs, for vocabulary !Listening – for meaning,for tone, for emotions, for needs, for vocabulary ! Personal manner and demeanour.Personal manner and demeanour. Presence.Presence. Vocabulary – varied,rich,meaningful,analogy,metaphor,pictures etc.Vocabulary – varied,rich,meaningful,analogy,metaphor,pictures etc. Voice Factors to impact and inspire.Voice Factors to impact and inspire. Non verbal Factors to “speak without talking”.Non verbal Factors to “speak without talking”. Demonstration and questioning skill.Demonstration and questioning skill. Engage players.Engage players. Influence !Influence ! People often don’t remember what you said

but they remember how you made them feel !

ESSENTIAL COACHING SKILLS ?ESSENTIAL COACHING SKILLS ?

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