Upload
jrugger
View
218
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
1/69
Troop 261
Marble Cliff, Ohio 2008http://www.bsatroop261.org
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
2/69
Leaf Characteristics
White Ash Emerald Ash Borer
Quaking Aspen
American Beech
River Birch
Boxelder
Buckeye
Northern Catalpa
Black Cherry
Eastern Cottonwood
Flowering Dogwood
Slippery Elm
Hackberry
Shagbark Hickory Hophornbeam
Black Locust
Honey Locust
Silver Maple Sugar Maple
Red Mulberry
Red Oak
White Oak
Osage Orange
White Pine
Red Cedar
Sassafras
White Spruce
Sweetgum
American Sycamore
Tree of Heaven
Tuliptree Black Walnut
Black Willow
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
3/69
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
4/69
One of the more commonand rapidly growing trees of
forests and fields in all of
Ohio, is also a popular shade
tree for urban areas. From
the forest, its wood is
harvested to make baseball
bats, tool handles, furniture,
and for use as firewood.
Among the ashes, its wood is
considered the best.
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
5/69
Bark
Leaves
Flowers
Fruit Leaf scars
after fall off
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
6/69
Emerald Ash Borer (EAB) is an invasive, ash tree-killinginsect easily moved through firewood, ash logs, ash nursestock, and parts of an ash tree
Check ash trees for the following symptoms: Distinct, D-shaped exit holes in the bark
Serpentine-shaped tunnels under the bark on the surface of the wo
Young sprout growth at the base of the tree Unusual activity by woodpeckers
Thinning canopy of the tree
Vertical splits in the bark Because of the danger of spreading this insect
to more areas, you cannot transport wood
across county lines
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
7/69
One of the most widely distributedtree in North America. In Ohio,
Quaking Aspen is found abundantly
in northern Ohio, but is only found
locally in pockets in the southern
half of the state. Quaking Aspen
(also known as Popple), is a type of
Poplar that forms root suckers, and
thus may form a colony of trees that
expands indefinitely.
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
8/69
Leaves
Flowers
Bark when Young Bark when Olde
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
9/69
Easily recognized from a distance byits smooth, steel-gray bark and
tapering surface roots at the base of
its trunk, is present throughout all of
Ohio. This tree is a favorite of
children and teenagers who love to
carve their initials onto its large
smooth trunks. Many beech trees
are partially hollow and provide
excellent den sites for various
wildlife, including squirrels,
raccoons, and opossums. Its small,
triangular nuts are relished by both
mammals and birds in autumn.
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
10/69
Leaves
Fruit
Buds Bark
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
11/69
Makes its best growth alongsidebodies of water or in occasionally
flooded bottomlands. In Ohio, it is
native mostly in the south-central
counties, and sparsely along Lake
Erie. However, it is widely planted
throughout Ohio and the eastern
United States as an ornamental
shade tree, prized for its flaky,
orange, ornamental bark and
rippling foliage in the breeze.
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
12/69
Leaves
Flowers Bark
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
13/69
Frequents rural bottomlands andneglected urban areas. It is the only
maple tree native to Ohio that has
compound leaves. While it has little
commercial usage or ornamental
appeal today, its rapid life cycle still
helps establish both shade anderosion control in marginally useful
areas. The name Boxelder comes
from its former usage in the
manufacture of wooden crates,
pallets, and boxes.
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
14/69
Leaves
Flowers
Fruit
Winter Twig Bark
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
15/69
State tree of Ohio is found primarilyas an understory tree in the western
half of Ohio, where the soils are
more alkaline in pH. However, it is
scattered throughout the eastern
half of the state, except in extreme
northeastern and extremesoutheastern Ohio. Its lightweight
wood is used in the production of
artificial limbs, and the holding of a
"buckeye nut" in one's pocket is
considered good luck.
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
16/69
Leaves Flowers
Fruit
Bark
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
17/69
Native to a relatively small area ofthe central Mississippi Valley basin,
has been extensively cultivated in
Ohio for over 200 years, and is now
naturalized in urban and rural areas,
primarily used today as a large
ornamental shade tree. Farmersintroduced Northern Catalpa to
Ohio in order to produce large
amounts of relatively lightweight
timber for fenceposts, since the
wood is very resistant to rotting.
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
18/69
Leaves
Flowers
Fruit
Winter Twig Bark
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
19/69
A rapidly growing woodland treecommon throughout all of Ohio, is
often found in open fields and
previously harvested forests. Its
beautiful, fine-grained, orange-
brown to mahogany-colored
heartwood ranks second only toBlack Walnut as the ultimate choice
for making solid wood furniture,
interior trim, and high-quality
veneer. Its small fruits are relished
by birds and mammals as a food
source in late summer.
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
20/69
Leaves
Flowers
Fruit
Twig Bark
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
21/69
A type of Poplar that is presentthroughout all of Ohio, this is a tree
native to portions of the Eastern
United States, but makes its greatest
impact in the Midwest, Great Plains,
and south central United States. It is
almost as massive as Sycamore interms of its girth and broad-
spreading canopy. It frequents
floodplains and river bottoms, but
can also be planted in the driest of
soils and survive to produce
adequate shade.
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
22/69
Leaves
Flowers
Early Fruit Late Fruit Bark
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
23/69
Found throughout all of Ohio and theentire eastern half of the United
States, this is one of the most
popular ornamental trees, with four-
season appeal. Showy early spring
flowers are the yearly highlight, but
red fruits and crimson foliage inautumn, large floral buds and
checkered bark in winter, and year-
round layered branching add to its
appeal.
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
24/69
Leaves
Flowers
Fruit
Winter Buds Bark
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
25/69
This tree is similar in many ways toAmerican Elm, but differs in its
branching habit (it branches higher
on the trunk, with fewer main
branches), the texture of its slightly
larger leaves (they are sandpapery
on both sides), and the color of itsinterior heartwood (reddish-brown).
Slippery Elm is named after its slick,
mucilaginous inner bark, which was
chewed by the Native Americans
and pioneers to quench thirst when
water was not readily available. Alsoknown as Red Elm.
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
26/69
Leaves
Flowers
Fruit
Twigs Bark
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
27/69
Also known as Common Hackberry,Northern Hackberry, or American
Hackberry, is present throughout the
upper half of the eastern United
States, including almost all of Ohio. It
is a tree that frequents fencerows,
fields, and wastelands, and growsnaturally near bodies of water,
including floodplains and drainage
ditches. It is easily recognizable
from a distance by its light gray,
warty bark on massive trunks,
coupled with its rapid growth rateand large size.
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
28/69
Leaves
Fruit
Witchs
BroomBarkCosmetic Disease
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
29/69
A slow-growing but potentiallymassive tree located in all of Ohio, is
frequently found in dry uplands or
moist valleys in association with
other hickories and oaks. Its cut
timber is prized for making tool
handles, athletic equipment,furniture, construction timbers, and
firewood. The most distinctive
feature of this tree is its shaggy bark,
which peels in long, wide, thick
strips from the trunk and branches
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
30/69
Leaves
Fruit
Old Bark
Twigs
Young Bark
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
31/69
The "hop" portion of its name refersto the resemblance of its fruits to
those of true hops that are used in
the production of beer. Hornbeam
refers to a related European tree
whose wood was used to yoke oxen;
therefore, its American counterpartwood was also used as a "beam"
with which to yoke "horned" beasts
of burden. As a member of the Birch
Family, it is related to the Alders,
Birches, Hornbeams, and Filberts.
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
32/69
Leaves
Catkins
Mature BarkFlower
Young Bark
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
33/69
Once native to the southernAppalachian region of the Eastern
United States, this tree has now
spread throughout the world,
including all of Ohio. It is valuable as
an aggressive, rapidly growing
invader species that controlserosion. Initially colonizing by
seeds, it also suckers from the roots,
forming pure stands and snuffing out
competitive weeds and woody
plants. This olive-green wood have
anti-rotting properties.
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
34/69
Leaves
Flowers
Fruit
BarkTwig
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
35/69
Found throughout all of Ohio, beinga fairly common resident of
fencerows and open fields, but
achieving its most favorable growth
on the downslopes of streams and
floodplains of rivers, where the
deeper soils are moist to wet. Itsfine-textured foliage makes it stand
out when found next to trees with
larger leaves that block more
sunlight. This native of the
Mississippi, Ohio, and Tennessee
River Valleys has its large trunks andzigzag twigs adorned with thorns.
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
36/69
Leaves
Flowers
Fruit
BarkTwigs
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
37/69
A tree found throughout all of Ohio,is a common shade tree in urban
areas and primarily a wet site tree in
rural areas. Its leaves are the most
deeply indented of any type of
maple, and it is named for the fact
that its leaf undersides are silvery,and in a breeze the bicolor effect of
dark green and silver hues is
displayed in its canopy. A distinctive
trait of the lower branches is that
they become very pendulous yet
upswept at their tips.
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
38/69
Leaves
Flowers
Fruit
BarkYoung Bark
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
39/69
A favorite shade tree with reliablefall color, found in the forests and
meadows throughout all of Ohio, but
flourishing in the cooler climates
and more acidic soils of
northeastern Ohio and Appalachia.
It is valued for its hard, dense, fine-grained and difficult-to-split wood,
which is utilized for floors, furniture,
veneer, musical instruments, and
railroad ties.
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
40/69
Leaves
Flowers
Fruit
BarkTwigs
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
41/69
A species native to the entireEastern United States, is taller and
more open and gangly than its White
counterpart, achieving a height of 60
feet and a spread of 50 feet when
found in the open. Both produce
abundant amounts of fruits on theirfemale trees, which serve as a
source of food for wildlife in early
summer, and they have a
polymorphic type of leaf - that is, on
the same branch, there are often
multiple shapes to be seen.
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
42/69
Leaves
Flowers
Fruit
BarkTwigs
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
43/69
A major timber tree of the easternand Midwestern United States. The
tough, heavy wood of Red Oak has a
reddish-orange coloration, and is an
important hardwood for the Ohio
timber industry, involved in the
production of beams, railroad ties,furniture, flooring, and other usages.
Its large acorns mature earlier in the
season than those of most other
Oaks, thus providing a source of
food by late summer and throughout
autumn and winter for many formsof wildlife.
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
44/69
Leaves
Twig
Fruit
Mature BarkFlowers
Young Bark
http://bioimages.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/biohires/q/hquru--flinflor18084.JPGhttp://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/biohires/q/hquru--lfsun13132.JPG8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
45/69
Native to the entire eastern half ofthe United States, this tree is found
throughout all of Ohio, in habitats
ranging from dry forests and fields
to mesic woodlands and down
slopes. The undersides of its leaves
are white-green, and its wood is alight-colored beige that is almost
white when freshly cut. One of the
most important hardwoods, with its
hard, heavy, tough wood used as
lumber for beams, railroad ties,
flooring, barrels, furniture, and manyother uses.
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
46/69
Leaves
Twig
Fruit
BarkFlowers
http://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/biohires/q/hqual--fl19695.JPGhttp://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/biohires/q/hqual--tw15641.JPG8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
47/69
A tree commonly seen in rural areaswhere it frequents fields and
fencerows. Its usage as a large
hedge tree in a row planting and the
softball-sized fruits of female trees
give it the alternative common name
of Hedge Apple. The Osage Indiansof the southern Great Plains and the
resemblance of its fruits to lime-
colored oranges give it the more
common name of Osage Orange.
Commercially, its very strong wood
is used to make the best bows forarchery.
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
48/69
Leaves
Twig
Fruit
BarkFlowers
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
49/69
An evergreen conifer, is todaywidely distributed throughout
eastern North America, including all
of Ohio. Today, it is logged for the
production of lumber, creosote-
soaked telephone poles, and as pulp
for the production of paper. WhitePine is commonly transplanted
today as a landscape evergreen tree,
and is also sold as a cut Christmas
tree.
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
50/69
Needles
Flower
Cone
BarkTwigs
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
51/69
This is the most common evergreen
conifer found throughout the entire
state, and it is valuable as a large
shrub or small tree that will thrive
where few other woody plants will
grow. Its aromatic heartwood is
lavendar-red in color, and is prizedfor making cedar chests, closet
wood lining, cedar shavings, small
carvings, pencils, and non-rotting
fence posts. It serves as an excellent
windbreak and erosion control
shrub in nature.
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
52/69
Needles
Flower
Fruit
BarkTwigs
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
53/69
Native to the entire eastern half of
the United States, including all of
Ohio. However, it is most frequent in
the acidic soils of southeastern Ohio,
and predominates in more southern
states with warmer winters.
Sassafras is a rapidly growingcolonizer, and forms thickets
primarily by root sprouts several
feet away from the parent plant. Oil
of Sassafras can be distilled from the
trunk bark or roots for use in
perfuming soaps, while Sassafras teais made by boiling the bark of roots.
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
54/69
Leaves
Flower
Fruit
BarkTwigs
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
55/69
An evergreen conifer, is found
throughout Ohio as a planted
ornamental, primarily in two forms.
The regular tree form has blue-
green needles and serves as a
slower-growing alternative to the
blue-needled Colorado, functioningeither as a solitary specimen or as a
group windbreak. The compact,
miniature tree form, known as Dwarf
Alberta Spruce, is one of the most
common dwarf conifers planted,
having a perfect spire shape andvery slow growth rate.
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
56/69
Leaves
Flower
Cones
BarkSmaller Ornamental
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
57/69
Native to the lower two-thirds of the
Eastern United States and parts of
Mexico, is only found naturally in
Ohio in its southernmost counties,
but is planted throughout most of the
state as a shade tree prized for its
brilliant fall colors and rapid growth.The name Sweetgum comes from
the taste of its hardened sap that
bleeds from wounds on the tree. The
hard-to-split wood is used as veneer
and stained other colors to mimic
other types of wood.
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
58/69
Leaves
Twig
Fruit
BarkFlower
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
59/69
While not the tallest tree, is
considered the most massive tree, as
defined by its circumference, in the
entire eastern half of the United
States, where is it native including all
of Ohio. This species is easily
identified by its height, its spreadingcanopy with several massive
branches, and its white bark in
winter. The paths of creeks and
rivers can be easily seen from a
distance in winter by following the
white bark of barren Sycamorecanopies.
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
60/69
Leaves
Twig
Fruit
BarkFlower
http://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/biohires/p/hploc--br10462.JPGhttp://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/biohires/p/hploc--fl19392.JPG8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
61/69
A native of China, was brought to
this country in the early 1800's as a
source of food for silkworms, which
were simultaneously imported from
the Orient. Although raising
silkworms was a failure, the Tree-of-
Heaven remained, and while it
escapes to the wild on occasion, it
predominates in urban areas, and
thrives in disturbed and neglected
sites where polluted conditions and
poor, rocky soils prohibit anything
but weeds to grow.
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
62/69
Leaves
Flower
Fruit
BarkTwig
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
63/69
Found throughout all of Ohio, is
named for the appearance of its
showy flowers and the silhouette of
its large leaves, both of which
resemble tulips. It is also known as
Tulip Poplar and Yellow Poplar, in
reference to the fluttering of its
leaves like those of the Poplars, and
for the yellow colors of both its
flowers and fall foliage. Its
lightweight wood, often used as a
base for veneer, is straight-grained,
relatively soft for a hardwood, andhas a faded olive-green color.
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
64/69
Leaves
Flower
Fruit
BarkTwig
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
65/69
A rapidly growing tree common in
all of Ohio, is found everywhere due
to squirrels burying its nuts. Its
beautiful, fine-grained, chocolate-
brown, relatively lightweight
heartwood is the ultimate choice for
making solid wood furniture, interior
trim, gunstocks, and high-quality
veneer. The large nut contained
beneath the husks of Black Walnut is
round and can be cracked open to
expose the bittersweet, oily, and
highly nutritious kernel.
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
66/69
Leaves
Flower
Fruit
BarkNuts
Twig
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
67/69
Native to the entire eastern half of
North America, and encompasses all
of Ohio in its distribution. It is the
most common Willow in Ohio,
abundantly found around rivers and
swampy or marshy areas. It is one of
the few Willows with stipules that
encircle the stems, and it is named
for the black bark that is found on
mature trunks. As an ornamental, it
can even be planted as a fine-
textured shade tree, as it tolerates
dry soils with reduced vigor.
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
68/69
Leaves
Flower
Fruit
BarkTwig
8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees
69/69
We want to thank all of the resources onthe web for all of the material inserted
here. Most of the detail came from:Ohio Department of Natural Resources
What Tree is It?Dendrology at Virginia Tech
Vanderbuilt BioImages Site
Google Images
http://www.dnr.state.oh.us/Home/trees/default/tabid/5361/Default.aspxhttp://www.oplin.org/tree/index.htmlhttp://www.cnr.vt.edu/dendro/dendrology/factsheets.cfmhttp://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/frame.htmhttp://images.google.com/imghp?ie=UTF-8&hl=en&tab=wihttp://images.google.com/imghp?ie=UTF-8&hl=en&tab=wihttp://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/frame.htmhttp://www.cnr.vt.edu/dendro/dendrology/factsheets.cfmhttp://www.cnr.vt.edu/dendro/dendrology/factsheets.cfmhttp://www.cnr.vt.edu/dendro/dendrology/factsheets.cfmhttp://www.oplin.org/tree/index.htmlhttp://www.dnr.state.oh.us/Home/trees/default/tabid/5361/Default.aspx