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Common Building Code Misinterpretations Presented by: Ron Melucci, P.E. Technical Manager, FP Division Engineering Planning and Management, Inc. rbm@epminc.com www.epminc.com 5088752121

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Page 1: common code misinterpretations for BSA.ppt · rbm@epm ‐inc.com ‐ ... and Function of the ... Microsoft PowerPoint - common code misinterpretations for BSA.ppt [Compatibility Mode]

CommonBuildingCodeMisinterpretations

Presentedby:

Ron Melucci, P.E.Technical Manager, FP Division Engineering Planning and Management, Inc.rbm@epm‐inc.comwww.epm‐inc.com508‐875‐2121

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Engineering Planning and Management, Inc. is a Registered Provider with The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems. Credit earned on completion of this program will be reported to CES Records for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for non-AIA members available on request.

This program is registered with the AIA/CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product. Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.

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CopyrightMaterials

This presentation is protected by US and International copyright laws. 

Reproduction, distribution, display and use of the presentation without written permission of the speaker is prohibited.

© Engineering Planning and Management (EPM) 2012

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WhoisEPM? Engineering consulting and strategic technology firm specializing in fire protection

Incorporated 1980  HQ Framingham MA 24 FP engineering staff

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PresentationContent

Primarily 8th MSBC (based on IBC 2009) Code Sections that are: 

– Misinterpreted– Confusing– Overlooked

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403.6.1Fireserviceaccesselevators

Two (2) fire service access elevators are now required in high‐rise buildings greater than 120 ft. in height (403.6.1)

Intended for rescue, staging, etc.

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FireServiceAccessElevatorMSBC 403.6.1 requirements ‐in compliance with IBC 3007 Direct access from stair Elevator lobby minimum 

150 s.f. s/e power and 1‐hour FRR 

for all el. & lobby circuits

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MixedOccupancyBuildingsCode compliance approaches: Accessory Occupancy 

– Incidental Accessory Occupancy (next slide)

Non‐Separated Mixed Occupancy Separated Mixed Occupancy Special Provisions (MSBC 509)  Separate Buildings Upgrade Construction Type

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IncidentalAccessory‐ Example Multifamily building (R‐2), 4 stories, Type (2B) construction with laundry 

room (F‐1) in Basement Allowable height for R‐2 is 5 stories, F‐1 is only 3 stories Options to comply with building height requirements:

– Call accessory area if < 10%, still need smoke partitions and sprinklers per Table 508.2.5 (2012 edition clarifies this)

– If > 10%, also need rated slab separation (separated mixed occupancy) to address height limitation

R‐2

R‐2

R‐2

R‐2 F‐1

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Exteriorwallopeningprotection

Section 705.8.6 states that openings can be unprotected in the wall above the roof of a lower adjacent building if the lower roof is rated 1‐hr.

What is misleading about this?

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Exteriorwallopeningprotection Only considers fire spread from lower roof, not from exterior 

wall. Table 705.8 requirements still apply. 

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FireWallPenetrationsIBC Interpretation No. 31‐07  2006 Edition 705.2 Structural stability Penetrations are required to be designed for compliance with the provisions of Section 705.2 for structural stability.  

I.e. must be designed and installed so as to not damage wall if either side collapses.

Some NFPA Standards (NFPA 91) prohibit through penetrations of fire walls

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707.5.1SupportingConstruction Fire barriers must be supported 

by construction with equivalent FRR.

Caution – fire barriers on upper floors in non‐rated buildings:

Shafts Atrium or sprinkler zone separation Incidental accessory rooms Other rooms requiring FRR

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707.5.1SupportingConstruction IBC Interpretation No. 06‐06 2003 Edition Issued: 05‐31‐06“Only the building elements within the load path of that portion of the building construction where the shaft enclosure is located are subject to the provisions of Section 706.4 with regard to supporting construction.” 

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SprinklerSystems

Pop quiz, hot shot:

If you are creating a 400 sf addition to your 7,200 sf building, are you required to retrofit sprinklers?

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SprinklerSystems MGL 26G ‐ required in all new 

buildings > 7,500 sq. ft. with sufficient water flow and pressure. [903.2 Note] also see building code

Addition greater than 7,500 sq.ft. MGL 26G same requirement regardless of fire walls

Retrofit triggered by “major” alterations (nature, extent, cost) – more guidelines on 10/04/09 memorandum by MA ASAB

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NFPA13vs 13Rsystems In adddition to height 

restriction, NFPA 13R systems limited to < 12,000 ft2 in MA 

Many tradeoffs for “fully sprinklered buildings” apply to NFPA 13 systems but not NFPA 13R systems.  Key code verbage “in accordance with 903.3.1.1 (or 903.3.1.2)”.

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Sprinklertrade‐offs(903.3.1.1)

Atrium use 404.2 Underground Buildings 

405.3 Control area FRR 414.2.4 Building area increase 506.3 Protected Openings Table 

705.8 Elevator lobbies 708.14.1 Shaft enclosure exceptions 

708.2

FRR of dwelling/sleeping unit sep 709.3

Draftstopping 717.3, 717.4 Delayed Egress 1008.1.9.7 Common POT 1014.3 Dead ends 1018.4

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SmokeControlSystems Third Party Review is required for all smoke control system designs.

Smoke Control Special Inspections are required to be performed by a registered FPE

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SmokeControlSystemsMSBC 909.12.13 ‐ The following boundaries must coincide: Atrium separation/ smoke zone

Fire alarm zones Sprinkler system zones 

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FirePumpRoom Fire pump rooms require 2‐hour fire‐resistant separation [913] 

Need FD direct access to exterior or through a fire rated passageway.

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EmergencyResponderRadioCoverage

Emergency responder radio coverage now required in all buildings [915.1] unless otherwise approved by FD.

Issue: difficult to predict radio performance before building construction is complete.

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EgressDimensions 8th MSBC: egress width factors for 

new sprinklered buildings:– emergency voice/alarm system 

provided  0.2” / occupant for stairs  0.15” / occupant for doors 

– emergency voice/alarm system notprovided  0.3” / occupant for stairs  0.2” / occupant for doors

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OccupantLoadFactorsPop quiz, hot shot

True or False: The occupant load factor of a university classroom 

OL<49 (Group B) is 100 sf/occ The occupant load factor of an office tenant meeting 

room OL<49 (Group B) is 100 sf/occ The occupant load factor of a usable office building roof 

terrace is 15 sf/occ

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OccupantLoadFactor Table 1004.1.1  Based on Floor Area 

and Function of the Space

Not based on Occupancy Classification

How is the owner or tenant truly intending to use the space?

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GroupBOccupantLoadFactors

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OutdoorAreas MSBC 1004.8 ‐ OL is 

assigned by the building official in accordance with the anticipated use.

What is the occupant load?

What is the intended use?

Outdoor area for service of building – 1 means of egress (roof).

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NumberofMeansofEgressDoors

Based on occupancy,occupant load and common path of travel

Two doors required where one of 3 conditions exist

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NumberofMeansofEgress

Is single  egress from office tenant C acceptable?

If OL < 49? If red line 

distance is less than 100 ft?

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Exitdischargecapacity

Pop quiz, hot shot

True or false:The exit discharge should always be sized to accommodate largest occupant load of any single floor served by the stair.

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Exitdischargecapacity

False:largest occupant load of any single floor OR from converging floors above and below, whichever is greater.

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Traveldistance

Minimum distance to reach any ONE exit Therefore must find the most remote point of occupiable floor space between the exits

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HorizontalExits Not the same as exit passageways! Horizontal exit subdivides a space into two(2) areas of refuge. Often used 

to solve compliance challenges related to exit __ and exit __. An exit passageway is a horizontal extension of the stair shaft enclosure . 

Often used to solve compliance challenges related to exit __ and exit __.

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UseGroupR#exits Two exits for R‐2 unit OL of 21 in fully‐sprinklered buildings.– Multifamily units ‐ 200 s.f/occ < 4,000 sf. – one exit.

– Caution:  Dormitory OLF still 50 s.f/occ therefore need 2nd exit above 1,000 s.f.

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DelayedEgress MSBC 1008.1.9.7 Requires many control functions for unlocking

May only be used for one door in means of egress

May not be used in Use Groups A, E or H

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DelayedEgress

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AccessControlledEgressDoors MSBC 1008.1.4.4 Also requires many control 

functions for unlocking Intended only for building or 

tenant entrance doors in means of egress.

Auto unlocking features always required from tenant (building) side.

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StairenclosuresIBC

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Pop quiz, hot shot

What kind of door openings are allowed in a stair shaft or exit passageway enclosure? Offices Storage rooms Bathrooms Mechanical interstitial space Elevators Elevator lobbies

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StairopeningexceptionsinNFPA101

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Stairpenetrations

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Pop quiz, hot shot

Are the following penetrations acceptable in a stair shaft or exit passageway enclosure? Sprinkler piping Fire alarm conduit Electric heater Structural steel Ductwork

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StairenclosuresIBC

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1022.4 Penetrations. Penetrations into and openings through an exit enclosure are prohibited except for  required exit doors  equipment and ductwork necessary for independent ventilation or 

pressurization  sprinkler piping  standpipes  electrical raceway for fire department communication systems  electrical raceway serving the exit enclosure and terminating at a 

steel box not exceeding 16 square inches (0.010 m2) 

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StairPenetrationsNFPA101

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LaboratoryRequirements Hazardous exhaust systems, 

IMC vs. NFPA 45 ‐ no fire dampers

Exhaust ducts may be manifolded in common shaft if hoods are in same fire area  and not considered IMC hazardous exhaust system

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IMCHazardousExhaustIMC SECTION 510.42009 EditionIMC Interpretation 14‐11Issued 4‐16‐12“There is no justification to permit manifolding from separate fire areas even when within a rated shaft.  Ducts form different fire areas could act as a direct link between such areas allowing contaminants and/or fire to spread, especially considering that such ducts cannot have fire or smoke dampers.”

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Laboratories‐ FireDampers NFPA 45 – fire dampers not allowed in lab hood exhaust

Options in lieu of fire dampers:– NFPA 45 sub‐duct exception (shaft only) continuous exhaust

– NFPA 91 approach (variance) – enclose duct in 2‐hour construction (wrap) on either side of barrier

– Route differently to avoid penetrating fire barrier

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Laboratories‐ Ventilation Codes do not clearly address 

shutdown of laboratory make‐up air upon detection of smoke.

Could result in negative pressures and excessive door opening forces. Evaluate case‐by‐case. 

Variance ‐makeup air is extension of exhaust system.

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OtherLaboratoryrequirements

Lab equipment accessibility ‐employee vs. student (public?) 

New MAAB requirements for employees

Occupant load (egress and plumbing fixtures)

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Questions?

www.epm‐inc.com508‐532‐7151

Ron Melucci, P.E.,Technical Manager, FP Division

rbm@epm‐inc.com

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