Comments on ARIES-ACT 1/2011 Strawman

L. El-GuebalyFusion Technology Institute

University of Wisconsin-Madisonhttp://fti.neep.wisc.edu/UWNeutronicsCenterOfExcellence

Contributors:L. Carlson (UCSD), L. Waganer (Boeing), X. Wang (UCSD)

ARIES Project MeetingUCSD

San Diego, CA

January 26 - 27, 2011

2

ARIES-ACT 1/2011 Strawman

Key features:

– Newly updated costing algorithms from L. Waganer.

– Cost evaluated in 2009 dollars (1992 $ x 1.4323, per L. Waganer).

– No LSA credit ( costing accounts for LSA = 4).

– Aggressive technology:• SiC/LiPb blanket • ~ 58% th• He-cooled divertor• LT S/C TF magnet with LN shield.

– Two physics cases examined by ASC:• ARIES-ACT with Aggressive Physics• ARIES-ACT with Conservative Physics

a la ARIES-AT

NEW – not in ARIES-AT

same magnet technology in both cases

3

ARIES Designs

ARIES-ATR = 5.2 ma = 1.3 m

Ave. NWL = 3.3 MW/m2

Elongation ~ 2.2( Kink shell between OB

blanket segments)

ARIES-ACTAggressive Physics

R = 5.5 ma = 1.4 m

Ave. NWL < 2.2 MW/m2 ?!Elongation = 2.2

Kink shell between OB blkt segments.Vertical stabilizing shell @ 0.33 a.

Larger magnet due to field difference

ARIES-ACTConservative Physics

R = 6.5 ma = 1.6 m

Ave. NWL < 1.8 MW/m2 ?!Elongation = 2.0

No Kink shell.Vertical stab. shell @ 0.4 a.

4

Examining

ARIES-ACT Aggressive Physics Strawman

issued Jan 2011 by L. Carlson

5

Volumes of Individual Components

• Note that:– Shield volume does not include penetration shield (10% to be added)– VV volume does not include port enclosures– 36 PF coil volume includes 8 spares. Enough spares?

• Check cryostat dimension and composition.

Old Pre-strawman (10/2010) New Strawman (1/2011)

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

1100

1200

ARIES-AT

Old ACT - Aggr

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

? ?

TotalFPC

??

?? ??

?

36 PF Coils

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

1100

1200

ARIES-AT

New ACT - Aggr

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9TotalFPC

?

?

?

?

36 PF Coils

6

Cost of Individual Components(Sub-accounts 22.1, 22.2, 22.4 of Power Core Equipment)

Old Pre-strawman (10/2010) New Strawman (1/2011)

To do:– Check cost of 29 PF coils– Include cost of PF coil spares– Check cryostat cost.

0

500

1000

1500

ARIES-AT 2009$

Old ACT

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

?

TotalFPC

?

29 PF

TF0

500

1000

1500

ARIES-AT 2009$

New ACT

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

?

TotalFPC

29 PF

TF

?

7

How many PF Coils and Spares?

Volume based on 36 coils (14 x 2 + 8 spares)

Cost based on 29 coils (14 x 2 + 1 spare)

8

LiPb Mass and Cost(90% enriched LiPb)

Total LiPb mass = mass of LiPb in FPC x 2.5

0

1000

2000

3000

1 2 3ARIES-ACT11/2010

Pre-strawmanARIES-AT

ARIES-ACT1/2011

Strawman

LiPb unit cost ~23 $/kg (2009 $) (a la ARIES-AT)

missing2.5 factor

0

50

100

150

1 2 3ARIES-ACT11/2010

Pre-strawmanARIES-AT

ARIES-ACT1/2011

Strawman

?

9

L. Waganer Suggests Lower Unit Cost for LiPb

• 90% enriched LiPb could cost $8.3/kg based on:– Current cost of 99.9% pure Pb ($2/kg)– Predicted cost for 90% enriched Li ($1000/kg)– LiPb cost = Pb cost x Pd-wt% + Li cost x Li-wt%

• Need to confirm cost of enriched Li.• Besides cost of individual elements, what other factors determine cost of LiPb eutectic?

0

10

20

30

1 2 3 4ARIES-ACT11/2010

Pre-strawmanARIES-AT

ARIES-ACT1/2011

StrawmanNew

10

Recirculating Power

New Strawman (1/2011): Precirc = Pgross - Pnet   = 1265 - 983 =  282 MW

Pgross= eta_brayton * Pth

= 0.5765 * 2194.8 = 1265 MW

Breakdown: Old Strawman New Strawman(11/2010)(1/2011)

P_recirc = P_plasma_heating / eta_plasma_heating 26.3 26.3

+ P_cd_generic / eta_cd_generic 104.6 104.6+ P_aux_func 50 63+ P_cryo 2 2+ P_pump_blanket / eta_pump 4.8 ~ 5+ P_pump_divertor / eta_pump 72.4 ~ 81260 MW 282 MW

To beupdated

11

Recirculating Power (Cont.)

Old Pre-strawman (10/2010) New Strawman (1/2011)

will be updated

0

100

200

300

ARIES-AT

Old ACT

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

PumpingPower

?

?

Total

260

2

170

0

100

200

300

ARIES-AT

New ACT

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

PumpingPower

?

?

Total

282

2

170

12

Costing Accounts

20 Land and Land Rights 21 Structures and Site Facilities22 Power Core Equipment 23 Turbine - Generator Equipment 24 Electric Plant Equipment 25 Heat Rejection Equipment 26 Miscellaneous Plant Equipment 27 Special Materials (LiPb cost )

90 Direct Cost

91 - 98 Indirect Cost

99 Total Cost

Cost of Electricity (COE) in mills/kWh.

13

Costing Accounts (Cont.)

• Significant differences ($60-770M):– Account 21 - Structures and Site Facilities– Account 22 - Power Core Equipment – Account 23 - Turbine - Generator Equipment – Account 27 - Special Materials (LiPb cost).

• Lower indirect/direct cost ratio for ACT ?!

• Notable reduction in total cost of ACT – larger machine than AT!• Check:

– Account 21 – Sub-account 22.5– Sub-account 22.6

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000AT 2009 $Old ACT

20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 90 91 99Account #

?

???

???

Old Pre-strawman (10/2010) New Strawman (1/2011)

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000AT 2009 $New ACT

20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 90 91 99Account #

?

?

14

Account 21(Structures and Site Facilities)

0

100

200

300

400

500

600ARIES-AT 2009$Old ACTNew ACT

?

?

0 0

Sub-accounts 21.2 and 21.7 zeroed out. Why?

15

Sub-account 22.5(Primary Structure and Support)

(Formerly Account 22.1.5 in old ASC)

• Sub-account 22.5 zeroed out in new ASC. • In old ASC, it represented:

– Steel support structure underneath torus– ~15% of FPC volume.

0

10

20

30

40

50

1 2 3ARIES-ACT11/2010

Pre-strawmanARIES-AT

ARIES-ACT1/2011

Strawman

45

0 0

16

Sub-account 22.6(Main Heat Transfer and Transport)

Expected this account to increase in ACT compared to ARIES-AT to reflect higher cost for dual coolants (He for divertor and LiPb for blanket/shield)

(Formerly Account 22.2 in old ASC)

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

1 2 3ARIES-ACT11/2010

Pre-strawmanARIES-AT

ARIES-ACT1/2011

Strawman

?

?

17

Direct Cost

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

1 2 3ARIES-AT

ARIES-ACT11/2010

Pre-strawman

ARIES-ACT1/2011

Strawman

18

Indirect Cost(New Algorithms from L. Waganer)

ARIES-ATIndirect/Direct Cost ratio= 1.06

ARIES-ACTIndirect/Direct Cost ratio= 0.81

0

1000

2000

3000

ARIES-AT 2009$Old ACTNew ACT

91 92 93 94 96 97 98.5

19

Cost of Electricity (2009 $)

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

1 2 3ARIES-ACT11/2010

Pre-strawmanARIES-AT

ARIES-ACT1/2011

Strawman

93

61

70

To beupdated

20

Looking for consistency…

Additional items to be checked and/or fixed:• Radial build• Average NWL @ plasma surface• FW and divertor surface areas• Scrape off layer thickness.

21

Radial Build(SiC/LiPb System)

ARIES-AT ARIES-ACT Comments/QuestionsAggressive Physics

Average NWL (MW/m2) 3.3 2.2 ? at plasma surface

Thickness (cm)Inboard:

FW/Blanket 35 33.656 Reason for thinner IB blkt?HT Shield 24 23.35 (changing blanket thickness will impact TBR)

VV 40 40

Outboard:FW/Blanket-I 30 28.855 Reason for thinner OB FW/blkt-I?Blanket-II 45 43.77 Reason for thinner OB blkt-II?HT Shield 15 14.35 (changing blanket thickness will impact TBR)

VV 25 25

Top / Bottom:Divertor 3.35 ? Not listed in output fileReplaceable HT Shield 15 ?HT Shield 30 ?VV 40 ?

22

Average NWL @ Plasma Surface

= Fusion power x 0.8 / plasma surface area

= 1907.4 x 0.8 / 475 (from CAD)

= 3.2 MW/m2

2.2 MW/m2 from ASC !? plasma surface area = 694 m2 !?

Fix it. Higher NWL impacts:Peak NWLShield thicknessPeak heatingHeat removal rateetc.

23

FW and Divertor Surface Areas

• Incorrect IB and OB FW areas calculated by ASC. • Divertor area seems reasonable.

0

100

200

300

400

500

ASC FW

CAD FW

1 2 3Total

??

?

OBIB

Dome

OB plate

IB FWPlasma

IB plate

0

100

200

300

400

500

ASC Div

CAD Div

1 2 3 4TotalOB

PlateIB

PlateDome

Upper or Lower Divertor

24

Scrape Off Layer Thickness@ Midplane

5, 7, or 8.5 cm ?

in ASC

recommended byChuck

in CADdrawings

25

Concluding Remarks

• COE will be updated to reflect:– Necessary changes– Higher unit costs for:

• Nuclear grade materials• Safety-related components.

– Higher decommissioning cost (that varies with radwaste volume and level of waste).

• ASC output should display dimensions, compositions, and unit costs for all materials and components.

• Just received latest costing algorithms from L. Waganer. Will check costing accounts evaluated by new ASC.