ComEd’s Advanced Distribution System Planning

February 2020

Aleksi Paaso, PhDDirector of Distribution Planning, Smart Grid &

Innovation

ComEd, an Exelon Company 2

Our Company:• One of six utilities owned by Exelon• 6,400 Employees• Service Territory: 11,428 square miles

Our Customers:• More than 4.1 million customers in

northern Illinois including the City of Chicago

Our Grid:• Peak Load: 23,753 MW (7/20/2011)• 553,800 distribution transformers• 66,200 circuit miles of primary

distribution• 53% overhead, 43% underground• 5,800 circuit miles of transmission• 93% overhead, 7% underground

Increasing Interconnection Requests Changing Grid 3

Data as of 1/27/2020

Advanced Planning Tools to Integrate DER

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DER Hosting Capacity Analysis:• Determine DER per feeder that can be accommodated without impacting power quality or reliability under existing control and infrastructure configurations.• After all feeder models were created, they were analyzed to determine Hosting Capacity amount per feeder.

Visualization:

• ComEd displays results via a dynamicscaling that colors to highest hostingcapacity at township, section, quarter-section, sixteenth-section & feeder

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Valuing DER’s Contributions to the Grid

Value to Distribution Grid

• DER value is realized by various parties.

• Several categories of value are potentially realized from DER.

• Some value streams are associated with value to the distribution grid.

• Distribution grid value streams are much more dependent on DER location, type and time.

Consumer

• Total Energy Costs• Demand Changes• Consumer Green Lifestyle• Consumer Backup Generation

Distribution System

• Distribution Capacity• Voltage• Reliability

Transmission System • Transmission Capacity

Wholesale Energy Markets

• Losses • Congestion Costs• Generation Energy• Ancillary Services• Resource Adequacy• RPS Procurement

Society • Societal Avoided Costs• Public Safety Avoided Costs

Environmental

• Emissions• Waste Products• Water Pollution• Siting

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New Methodology for Valuing DER

Develop forecast

Identify binding constraints

Traditional project to address constraints

Allocated Cost of Capacity (ACC)

Locational Marginal Value

(LMV)

Cost of grid upgrades required

to mitigate overloads and

voltage violations in network

Value of real power, reactive

power and reserve provided by DER

at any point in time

Traditional distribution planning stops here.

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Feeder Model

Battery Size

• Time-series power flow simulations size the battery system (CYME and Python)

Benefit Cost Analysis

• Cost-benefit analysis (MATLAB and Excel/Visual Basic)

• NPV of BESS vs T&D upgrades

Economics

• Battery cost -Argonne National Labs “BatPac” (Excel/Crystal Ball)

• Optimal BESS charge/discharge

• Valuation foroPeak shavingoTime arbitrageoAncillary market

Energy Storage Tool for Planning and Analysis 7

Using Metrics to Identify Optimal Locations for Microgrids

Critical Infrastructure Metric

Capacity Planning Metric

Reliability Metric

Substation MetricResilience Metric

8ComEd developed a resilience metric approach to produce a robust screening for prime locations for microgrid deployment, based on inputs impacting resilience and need for resilient power infrastructure

𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 𝑀𝑀𝑅𝑅𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 = 𝑎𝑎1 ∗ 𝐶𝐶𝑀𝑀𝑅𝑅𝑀𝑀𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑎𝑎𝑅𝑅 𝐼𝐼𝑅𝑅𝐼𝐼𝑀𝑀𝑎𝑎𝑅𝑅𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝐼𝐼𝑅𝑅𝐼𝐼𝑀𝑀𝐼𝐼𝑀𝑀𝑅𝑅 𝑀𝑀𝑅𝑅𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 + 𝑎𝑎2 ∗𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑎𝑎𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑀𝑀𝑅𝑅 𝑀𝑀𝑅𝑅𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅+ 𝑎𝑎3 ∗ 𝐶𝐶𝑎𝑎𝐶𝐶𝑎𝑎𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑀𝑀𝑅𝑅 𝑃𝑃𝑅𝑅𝑎𝑎𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑃𝑃 𝑀𝑀𝑅𝑅𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 + 𝑎𝑎4 ∗

𝑆𝑆𝐼𝐼𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑀𝑀𝑎𝑎𝑀𝑀𝑅𝑅𝑆𝑆𝑅𝑅 𝑀𝑀𝑅𝑅𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅where 𝑎𝑎1, 𝑎𝑎2, 𝑎𝑎3, 𝑎𝑎4 are weighing factors for individual metrics

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Bronzeville Community Microgrid (BCM)

•The Bronzeville Community Microgrid enables a green, resilient, sustainable neighborhood for consumers.•7 MW aggregate load, serving approximately 1,000 residences, businesses and public institutions•Installation of first utility-operated microgrid cluster powered by DER including solar PV and energy storage•Demonstration of advanced technologies supported by six grants from the Department of Energy•These technologies have been developed with partnerships with universities, vendors, and national labs

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Advanced Model for Testing Emerging Technology

•Advance modeling capability for hardware in the loop (HIL) test on emerging technology 10

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GTNET MODBUS 1

GTAO

SEL-3530SEL

GTFPI

3V

CAP Open/Close Status &

Command

MGMS MMC

GTAO GTFPI

CAP Control

Beckwith M6283A

6V+3

I

Intellirupter (IR) Control

Omicron RIR1 Test Interface

S&C IR Control Module (SDA-45405)

GTAO GTDI/DO

Vista Switch (SW.) Control

3V, each 751 (4

relays in total)

AMP

Voltage sensor inputs (low-

voltage)4

4X SEL 751

BESS RTAC

S&C 6802

Digital I/O’s4

SW. Open/Close

Status & Command

SEL-3530SEL

PV RTAC

GTNET DNP

4I, each 751 (4 relays in total)

GTAO GTFPI

GTNET MODBUS 2 GTNET MODBUS 3

DNPDNPDNP

Modbus6

DNP

DNP

DNP

DNP3

Communication with simulated assets

Intellirupter (IR) Control

6V+3

I

Intellirupter (IR) Control

6V+3

I

Intellirupter (IR) Control

6V+3

I

DNP3

TO MGMS

DNP

SEL-3530SEL

DER #1 RTAC

DNP

GTNET DNP

TO MGMS

Modbus6Modbus6

TO MGMS

DNP3

TO SCADA

DNP3

DNP3

TO SCADA

DNP3

TO MGMS

DNP3

TO SCADA

DNP3

TO MGMS

DNP3

TO SCADA

TO SCADA

DNP3

DNPTO SCADA

TO SCADADNP

SCADA Emulator (OCC) and

Reverse Gateway RTAC

AMP

Current sensor inputs (low-voltage)

NOTES:1. The vendor and the model number is TBD.2 3V represents 3 voltage channels.3. Comm. interface may need to be adapted.4. Further details are needed from the vendor.5. The device model number should be confirmed with the vendor.6. The MODBUS connection from the DER RTACs to the RTDS is tentative.7. Each SEL-751 has a separate connection to the RTDS through separate amplifiers.

DNP EthernetModbus Ethernet

LEGEND:

Voltage/Current Amplifier

Analog output (Low-voltage)

Secondary voltage/current (out of amplifier)

AMP

Digital I/O

DNPSEL-3555

Status points

Modbus

RTDSBCM Model

IIT MMC

Datalogger

Siemens MGMS API

RTDS Script

GTAI

Command points

GTAO GTFPIGTAI

Status points

Command points

GTAO GTFPIGTAI GTAO GTFPIGTAI

Status points

Command points

Status points

Command points

DNP

What Advanced Planning Models Enable

Customer Value by Stage

Affordability Reputation Social

Improving reliability for customers by creating a smarter grid that can “self-heal” and minimize disruptions

Ensuring resiliency and security against threats -cybersecurity attacks and extreme weather events

Enabling customers to adopt DER, e.g. solar, storage, and ultimately transact as prosumers in an open marketplace

Achieving climate change objectives, through electrification – transport, business and residential

Providing better city services for citizens – broader infrastructure role, e.g., water, leveraging data and technology

Resiliency and Security

Customer Choice – DER Acceleration

Decarbonization / ElectrificationModernize for Reliability “Connected

Communities”

Resiliency and Security

Customer Choice –DER Acceleration

Decarbonization / Electrification

Modernize for Reliability

“Connected Communities”

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