Com Sci Guide Finished

8/7/2019 Com Sci Guide Finished

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DavidGregory3781907 1

UnderstandingLight

DavidGregory

Light is something that everyone is very familiar with and without it we would

not exist. We rely on it for our source of food, with sunlight being vital for

photosynthesis, the process that provides plants with their energy. It is vital for

the way we communicate. Information that is sent around the world in the

form of writing, photos, televisions, computers and many others all use light in

one way or another.

However despite light being so important to our survival, it is not often thought

about and can be very difficult to explain. Visible light is the part of the

electromagnetic spectrum that is visible to the human eye. Besides visible

light, other parts of the electromagnetic spectrum include x-rays, UV rays, and

infrared. It is the frequency of the light that determines the color we see. Red

has a different frequency to blue, which has a different frequency to green.

Light is very complex, with scientists still not fully understanding it. Some

instances, light behavior can be explained by the fact that it is made of

particles. Other times it can be better explained when thinking of light as

waves. For this guide we will be treating light as if it acts as a wave, as we

look at some fascinating characteristics of light. Specifically, this guide will go

into detain regarding Reflection, Refraction and the Light Spectrum


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TableOfContents

StudentLearningOutcomes...........................................................................................3

Reflection .............................................................................................................................4TeacherInformation.................................................................................................................4 StudentBackground..................................................................................................................6 Experiment1:Reflectivesurfaces. .......................................................................................6

Experiment2:ReflectionAngles...........................................................................................7 Experiment3:Reflectedwriting ...........................................................................................7Questions ......................................................................................................................................8 Activity1 .......................................................................................................................................9Activity2 .................................................................................................................................... 10Activity3 .................................................................................................................................... 11

Refraction.......................................................................................................................... 12TeachersInformation............................................................................................................ 12StudentBackground............................................................................................................... 14Experiment1 ............................................................................................................................ 14Experiment2 ............................................................................................................................ 15

Questions ................................................................................................................................... 15Extensionactivity1 ................................................................................................................ 17ExtensionActivity2................................................................................................................ 18ExtensionActivity3................................................................................................................ 19

ColourSpectrum............................................................................................................. 20TeacherInformation.............................................................................................................. 20BackgroundforStudents ...................................................................................................... 22Experiment1:BuildaSpectroscope................................................................................. 22Experiment2:Makewhitelight ......................................................................................... 23Questions ................................................................................................................................... 24ExtensionActivity1................................................................................................................ 25

ExtensionActivity2................................................................................................................ 26ExtensionActivity3................................................................................................................ 27

Worksheets....................................................................................................................... 28

Vocabulary........................................................................................................................ 33

References ........................................................................................................................ 35


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StudentLearningOutcomes

Reflection

StudentsunderstandthebasicphysicsofReflection.

StudentscandescribetheLawofReflection

Studentscancompareandexplainreflectionofdifferent

surfaces.

Refraction

StudentsdescribetheprocessofRefraction.

Studentsunderstandthatwhenlightentersdifferentmediums,

itchangesspeeds.

Studentsunderstandthatwhenlightchangesspeeds,itwill

bend.

ColourSpectrum

Studentsidentifyandunderstandthatvisible,whitelightis

composedofthevariouscoloursofthespectrum.

Studentscandescribewhyweareabletoseedifferentcolours

andthedifferencebetweenthem.


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Reflection

TeacherInformation

Reflectionoflightiswhatmakesobjectswithoutalightsourcevisibletothe

humaneye.Reflectionisthebouncingoflightoffasurface.Whenthissurfaceis

smoothandshinny,thelightisreflectedinonedirectiononly.Thisiscalled

secularreflection.Theothertypeisdiffusereflection,whichiswhenlight

reflectsoffaroughsurfaceandthelightisscatteredinalldirections.

SecularReflectionisusedeveryday,withthemostcommonexampleamirror.A

mirrorisusuallyapieceofglassthathasiscoatedwithalayerofsilver.Thisis

donebecausesilverisanexceptionalreflectoroflight.Onepointtonotewhen

lookingatamirror,thingsappearbackdofront.Thisprocessiscalledlateral

inversion.

Thereasonmirrorscanbesousefulisthatwhenalighthitsamirror,itisalways

reflectedatthesameangleasithitsthesurface.TheLawofRefractiongoverns

thisandstatesthattheangleofincidenceisequaltotheangleofreflection.For

example,ifalighthitsamirrorat45itwillbereflectedat45.


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Figure1:LawofReflectionhttp://strongphysics.wikispaces.com/file/view/law_of_reflection.jpg/75436895/law_of_reflection.jpg

Thefollowingexperimentswillhelpstudentslearnthepropertiesofreflection.

Theycanalsobeusedtoteachthestudentsaboutangles.Usingaprotractorthey

cantakenoteofanglesandalsovisuallylearntheLawofReflection.


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StudentBackground

Everymorningwhenyoulookinthemirror,youseeyourself.Whyisitthata

pieceofglassallowsyoutoseeaperfectpictureofyourface??Allthingsthatwe

canseegiveofflightwaves.Whenlightisnotreflectedbackoffobjects,we

cannotseethem.

Whenareflectivesurfaceissmoothandshinny,thelightisreflectedinone

directiononly.Thisiscalledspecularreflection.Whenthesurfaceisroughand

bumpythelightisscatteredinalldirectionswhichisknowasdiffusereflection.

Whenlightwaveshitamirroritisreflectedback,allowingustoviewthem.Light

hittingamirrorisalwaysreflectedatthesameangle,justtheoppositeway.This

isknownastheLawofReflection.Anotherfeatureaboutlightwhenwelookat

thingsinamirrortheyarebacktofront.Thisiscalledlateralinverson.

Wewillnowdo3experimentstoshowreflectionanditslaws.

Experiment1:Reflectivesurfaces.

ThisisasimpledemonstrationtoshowthedifferencesbetweenDiffuseand

SpecularReflection.

Materials

Foil

Method

1. Getapieceoffoilandkeepingitasflataspossible,lookintoit(lookfor

yourface)andtakenoticeofthereflection.

2. Thenslightlyscrunchupthefoilandlookintoitagain.Noticethatyou

cannotseethereflectionofyourface.


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Experiment2:ReflectionAngles

Materials

LightBox

Mirror

Protractor

BlankPaper

Method

1. Placethemirrorstandingupright.

2. Pluginthelightboxtoapowerpointandsetitupsothatoneslitoflightcomesfromthebox.

3. Settheprotractorwiththeflatedgeagainstthemirror.

4. Aimthelightatthemirrorandmeasuretheanglesoftheoriginallightbeamandreflectionwiththeprotractor.

5. Movethelighttodifferentanglesandnotetheanglelightbeamcompared

withtheangleofthereflection.

Experiment3:Reflectedwriting

Materials:

Pen

Paper

Mirror

Method:

1. Writeyournameorawordbackwardsonapieceofpaper.

2. Holdthepaperuptothemirror.

3. Whatdoyousee??


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Questions

1. Whattypeofreflectionisoccurringwhenthefoilisflat?This

typeofreflectionisspecular.Lightreflectingoffasmoothsurface.

2. Whattypeofreflectionisoccurringwhenthefoilisscrunched

up?Thistypeofreflectionisdiffusereflection.Lightreflectingoffarough

surface.

3. Whatishappeningdifferentlytothelightbetweentheflatfoil

andthescrunchedfoil?Whenthefoilisflat,thelightisreflectingback

inonedirection,allowingustoseeaclearpictureofyourface.The

scrunchedfoilisscatteringthelightinalldifferentdirectionsandhenceyou

cannotseeyourface.

4. Whatishappeningwhenthelighthitsthemirror?Thelight

beamsarebouncingbackoffthemirror.Thisiscalledspecularreflection.

5. Whataretheanglesofthereflectedbeamwhenthelightshines

at45,28and61?Thereflectedbeamangleswillbe45,28and61.

6. WhatisthenameoftheLawthatdeterminestheangleatwhichlightreflects?TheLawofReflection.Itstatesthatthestatesthat

theangleofincidenceisequaltotheangleofreflection.

7. Whenyoulookatyournameinthemirror,whathas

happened?Whenyoulookatthepaper,whathasbeenwrittenappears

forward/therightwayaround.

8. Namethepropertyoflightthatcausesthistohappen? This

processiscalledLateralInversion.Itcausesanimageinamirrortoappear

backtofront.


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Activity1

Studentoutcomes:

Studentswriteinbasicessayformwithcorrectspellingandgrammar.

StudentslearntoresearchinformationontheInternetandintheLibrary.

Studentslearntousemultipleinformationsourcewheninvestigatinga

subject.

StudentsgainknowledgeofAncientscientistArchimedes.

Nearly200yearsbeforethebirthofJesus,thefamousGreekmathematician

namesArchimedesissaidtoofusedmirrorstowinafamousbattle.Students

needtowriteaone-pageessaythatincludes;

Backgroundbehindthisstoryincluding(WhoArchimedeswas,Who

battlewasbetween,Whyitwashappening,Dateofbattle)

StatehowArchimedessupposedlyusedmirrorstowinthebattle.

Howlightcouldpossiblybeusedtocreatefire.

UsefourdifferentinformationsourceswithtwofromtheInternetand

library.


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Activity2

Studentoutcomes:

Studentslearntomeasureangleswithaprotractor.

StudentsapplytheLawofReflectiontomanipulatethelightspath.

OnapieceofA4paper,studentsaretoplaceasmallXatoneend.Usingatleast5

smallmirrorstheymustreflectalight(laser,smalltorchetc)tohittheX.The

mirrorscanbeplacedinanypositionaroundthesheetofpaper.

OnthePieceofpaper;

Recordwherethemirrorsareplaced.

Tracethelightspath.

Ateverymirrorrecordtheangleoflightpathwithaprotractorin

degrees.


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Activity3

StudentOutcomes:

StudentslearnhowtomakeabasicgraphwithXandYcomponents.

Studentslearnhowmanipulatingmirroranglecanchangethepicture

visible.

Studentsaretogettwosmallmirrorsofthesamesizeandhavethemuprightat

180toeachother.Placeasmallobjectinfrontofit.Howmanyreflectionscan

youseeoftheobject?Thenchangetheangleofthemirrorsto90.Howmany

picturesoftheobjectcanyousee?Continuethisat60,45and30.

Nowgraphtheseresults.OntheX-axisplacetheangleandtheY-axishavethe

imagesnumber.


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Refraction

TeachersInformation

Refractionisafascinatingcharacteristicoflightthatwecanseewhenalight

passesthroughatransparentobject/liquidatanangle.Itcannotbeobservedif

thelighthitstheobjectat90degrees.

Usuallylighttravelsinstraightlines.Howeverlightwillbendwhenitpasses

fromamediumofonedensitytoamediumofdifferingdensity.Asitmoves

throughair,lighttravels300,000kmpersecond.However,thedenserthematerialthatlighttravelsthrough,theslowerthespeedwillbe.Forexample,

whenlightpassesthroughwater,ittravelsat225,000kmpersecond.Asithits

thewater,thelightslowsdown,causingittochangedirectionandbend.

Alightrayenteringadifferentmediumiscalledtheincidentray.Afterbending,

therayiscalledtherefractedray.Thenormalisusedtohelpmeasuretheangles

atwhichtherayisbending.Thenormalisanimaginaryline,runningperpendiculartotheobjectssurface.Whenlighttravelsintoadensermedium,a

raybendstowardthenormal.Whenlighttravelsintoalessdensemedium,the

raybendsawayfromthenormal.Belowisabasicpictureofrefraction.Takenote

ofthenormal.Italsoillustratestheangleof

incidenceandangleofrefraction.

The speedofwhich lightmovesthrougha

substancecanbemeasuredviaitsrefractive

index. Firstly, it should bementioned that

light travels at its fastest in a vacuum

(empty space). The speed at which light

travelsthroughothermattersismeasured

against this. For example, the refractive .

index of ice is 1.31 (there is no unit for

refraction index). This means that light

Figure1:HowbasicLightrefractionworks http://www.mysundial.ca/tsp/images/refractio

n.jpg


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travels 1.31 times faster in a vacuum than in ice. The refractive index of a

diamondis2.419.Thismean that lightmoves2.419 times faster ina vacuum

thaninadiamond.

SnellsLawisknownasthelawofrefraction.Itcanbeusedtocalculatetheangle

ofrefraction,whenlightpassingintoadifferentmedium.Itstatesthatforlight

passingfromonemediumtoanothermedium,thesineoftheangleofincidence

andthesineoftheangleofrefractionareinconstantratio.

Figure2:SnellsLawhttp://www.math.ubc.ca/~cass/courses/m309-01a/chu/Fundamentals/snell01.gif

InFigure2,n=therefractiveindexoftherespectivemediums,2=angleof

incidence,1=angleofrefraction.Therefore,ifwehavethetworefractiveindex

valuesoftherespectivemediumsandtheangleofincidence,wecanworkout

theresultingangleofrefraction.


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StudentBackground

Haveyoueverreacheddownintowatertograbsomethingandfoundthatitwas

notwhereitappearedtobe?Whatyouareexperiencingistheeffectcalled

refraction.Whenlightentersthewater(anyotherseethroughobject)itslows

downalittlebit.Asthelightslowsdown,italsobendsawayfromitsoriginal

path.Whenthelightbends,youdescribeitasmovingawayofgettingcloserto

thenormal.Thenormalisimaginaryline,perpendicular(atarightangles)tothe

object,whichthelightispassinginto.Refractionisthebendingoflightaslight

passesthroughmaterialsofdifferingdensities.Wewillbedoingtwo

experimentstoshowrefraction.

Experiment1

Materials

AdarkRoom

Ashoebox

Ajarfilledwithwater

Scissors

Torch

Method

1. Cutanarrowslitatoneendoftheshoeboxwiththescissors.

2. Placethejarofwaterintheshoebox.

3. Positionthejaratanangleneartheslit.

4. Placetheflashlight/torchupagainsttheslitsothatthebeamoflightgoes

straightthroughtothejarofwateratanangle.

5. Takenoteofanglesofthelightbeamasitentersthewaterandafterit

exitsthewater.

6. Movethejaratdifferentangletothelightandobservethechangesin

refraction.

Figure3:ExampleofRefraction

http://schoolworkhelper.net/wp-

content/uploads/2011/02/Refraction-bending-

light.jpg


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Experiment2

Materials

A20centcoin,

Acontainerorbowlthatcannotbeseenthrough.

Water.

Method

1. Placethecontaineronatableaputcoininthebottomofthecontainer.

2. Onestudentmovesawayfromthebowl,lookingatthecoin.Whenthe

coindisappearsfromviewthestudentstops.

3. Whilethestudentisstandingstill,anotherstudentslowlypourswater

intothecontaineruntilthecoinreappearsinview.

Questions

1. Whatishappeningtothespeedofthelightwhenitentersthe

jar?TheLightisslowingdownasitmovesintoadenserobject.

2. Whatishappeningcausingthelighttochangedirections? As

thelightentersthewateritslowsdown.Whenthishappensthelightbends.

ThisistheprocessofRefraction.

3. Doesthelightbendtowardsorawayfromthenormal? When

lightentersintoadensermediumthenwhereitoriginatedfrom,thelight

bendstowardsthenormal.

4. Whatdoesthistellusaboutwater,comparedwithair?Because

thelightbendstowardsthenormal,wecansaythatwaterisdenserthan

air.

5. Whenthelightexitsthewater,howdoesthelightbehave?The

lightbeambendsbacktotheangleitwasoriginallytravellingin.Thisis

becausethelightbeamisenteringbackintoitsoriginalmedium.


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6. Whycanweseethecoinwhenthebowlisfullofwater? When

thecontainerisfullofwaterrefractionoccurs.Therefractionchangesthe

angleofthelight,allowingustoviewthecoin.


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Extensionactivity1

StudentsOutcomes:

Studentsidentifythelinkbetweenthedensityofthefluidandtheresulting

refractionangle.

Studentslearntomeasureangleswithaprotractor.

Studentsaretoplacewater,alcohol,vegetableoilandglue(clear)intofourglassbeakers.Shinealaserthroughthebeakeratanangle.Makesurethattheangle

thelaserisbeingshinedthroughthebeakeristhesameforeachbeaker.Witha

protractor,measuretheangleofrefractionineachofthedifferentliquids.

Recordandcomparetheangles.Notetherelationshipbetweendensityand

amountofrefractionthattakesplace.


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ExtensionActivity2

Studentoutcomes:

Studentslearnbasicresearchtechniques.

Studentsdescribehowrefractioncanbeusedtotreatmedicalconditions.

Studentslearnaboutconvexandconcavemirrors.

Lightrefractioncanbeusedtohelppeoplewitheyesightproblems.Writea

shortparagraphforeachofthesequestions.

1. Explainthecommoneyeconditionsofshortandlongsightedness.

2. Describehowlenses/glassesareablecorrectbothoftheseproblemsand

howrefractionisinvolved.

3. Whatisthedifferencebetweentheselenses?(Besuretotalkabout

convexandconcavelenses)


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ExtensionActivity3

Studentoutcomes:

Studentsfurtherdeveloptheirunderstandingofrefraction.

Studentsdevelopresearchskills.

Studentsusevisualaidstohelpexplainaconcept.

SnellsLawisknownasthelawofrefraction.Itcanbeusedtocalculatetheangle

oflightrefractionwhenitpassesthroughdifferentobjects/substances.

Studentsaretomakeaposterthatincludes;

Abasicexplanationofrefraction.

ExplanationofSnellsLaw(includerefractiveindex)

BackgroundonSnellslawincludingwhoandwhenitwasdeveloped.

Besuretomaketheposterexcitingandfun.Wherepossibleusecolours,pictures

anddiagrams.


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ColourSpectrum

TeacherInformationLight is very small part of the electromagnetic spectrum. The electromagnetic

spectrum is made up of both electric and magnetic energy. At one end of the

spectrum are long, low frequency waves such as radio and TV waves. At the

other end of the spectrum there are the high frequency waves, which include

x-rays and gamma rays. The frequency of the wave determines the type of

electromagnetic energy it is. These high-energy waves can be highly

dangerous if you are exposed to them. Between these high and low energy

waves sit the small group of electromagnetic waves that we can see. This is

what we call the color spectrum. Each color has a different frequency with

Red light having the lowest and violet having the highest. This is how our eyes

are able to distinguish between different colours.

Figure4:Theelectromagneticspectrum

http://www.kollewin.com/EX/09-15-03/electromagnetic-spectrum.jpg


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It was Isaac Newton who discovered first discovered that white light is actually

composed of a spectrum of colours. He was able to demonstrate this by

refracting light through a prism. As discussed previously, light slows down as

it passes from the air into the denser medium and will bend. When light is

passed through a prism, the different frequencies of the visible light bend at

different degrees. Violet light travels the fastest and therefore bends the most

as it passes through the prism. Red travels the slowest and hence refracts at

the smallest angle. This causes the light to split into the colors of the

spectrum. This is very similar to how rainbows are formed. You would have

noticed that rainbows only occur when it is raining or had been raining

previously. The water droplets in the sky act as a prism and separate the suns

light into the spectrum. Another observation that you may have noted is that

the colours of the rainbow are always in the same order. This is also the case

with the prism. The wavelengths of colours do not change and therefore will

always refract in the same order, with red being on top and violet on the

bottom.

Figure 2 Light moving through a prismhttp://www.thenakedscientists.com/forum/index.php?action=dlattach%253Btopic=24878.0%253Battach=9410%253B

image

When an electromagnetic wave hits the surface of an object, it is either

absorbed, reflected or transmitted. The wave that is reflected is the wave that

we can see with our eyes. For example, a red jumper is red because the

material reflects the certain frequency that we see as red. Objects are black

because they absorb all the colours. This is why black objects gain heat easily

because they are absorbing the most energy.


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BackgroundforStudents

We have already discovered that when light slows down, it bends a little bit.

However when we pass light through a special object called a prism, we see

another special thing about light. The light splits into the colors of the rainbow.

This happens because white light is actually made up of all the different

colours and when it passes through the prism, the different colours bend

different amounts. When they bend, they spread out with violet bending the

most and red bending the least.

In this experiment, we are going to make our own type of prism called aspectroscope that will break white light down into its colours. We will then

build a spinning top to show us that white light is actually just lots of different

colours travelling very fast.

Experiment1:BuildaSpectroscope

Materials

Diffractiongrating,2-cmsquare.(useaoldCDbypeelingofftheshiny

layerunderneath)

Toiletpapertube

Cardboard

Maskingtape

Scissors

Razorbladeknife

Pencil


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Method

1. CuttheCDintoacirclethatisthesamesizeofthetoiletpapertube.

2. PeelofftheshinylayerontheCD.

3. Gluetheshinylayerontothetube.

4. Cutout2piecesofcardboardandstickthemontheopenendofthetube.

5. Withonlyaverysmallgapbetweenthem.

6. Trimofftheexcesscardboardsoyouareleftwithanicecylinder.

7. Lookatalightsourcethroughthespectroscope.8. Discusswhatyoufind.

Note:Ifstudentscannotseethespectrumproperly,useaprismtoshowthefullcolourspectrum.

Experiment2:Makewhitelight

Studentswillnowmakeaspinningwheeltoblendthecoloursoftherainbow

intowhitelight.

Materials

Cardboard

Paper

Scissors

Glue

Red,Purple,Blue,Green,OrangeandYellowcolourpencils/crayons

Toothpicks


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Method

1. Cutoutacircle5cmdiameterofpaperandcardboard.

2. Dividethepaperinto6equalpiecesofpie.3. Coloureachofthesectionswithoneofthedifferentcoloursmentioned

above.

4. Gluethepapertothepieceofcardboardwiththecoloursfacingup.

5. Stickthetoothpickthroughthemiddleofthecircle.

6. Spinlikeaspinningtop.

Questions

1. Namethecoloursyoucansee?Studentsshouldbeabletoclearly

distinguishRed,Orange,Yellow,Green,BlueandViolet.

2. Whichcolourisontop?Red.Thisisbecauseredhasthesmallestamountof

refractionduetoitslowenergy.

3. Whichcolourisonthebottom?Violet.Thisisbecauseviolethasthelargestamountofrefractionduetoitshighenergy.

4. Whatisourspectroscope/prismdoingtothelight?Breakingthelightdownintoitscoloursbymakingitrefract.

5. Whatishappeningdifferentlybetweeneachofthecolours?(Thinkabouttherefractionexperiment)Eachofthecoloursisrefractingatadifferent

anglethroughthespectroscope.Thiscausesthelighttospread.

6. Whereaboutinnaturedoweseesomethingsimilartothis?Thisiswhat

makesRainbows.Thewaterintheaircausesthesunslighttorefractand

showthecoloursofthespectrum.


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ExtensionActivity1

StudentOutcomes

StudentslearnbackgroundofhistoricalfigureIsaacNewton.

Studentslearnhowtowriteabibliography.

Studentsdevelopresearchskills

StudentsdevelopwritingskillswithofcorrectGrammarandSpelling.

IsaacNewtonisoneoftheworldsmostfamousscientists.Heiscreditedwith

discoveringthatwhitelightisactuallymadeupoflotsofdifferentcolours.Write

aone-pagebiographyonIsaacNewton.Ifyouarenotsurewhatabiographyis,

besuretoresearchitfirst.Apartfromhispersonaldetails,includehis

discoveriesregardinglightandotherfamousworkfamouswork.Besuretouse

correctgrammarandspellingthroughoutthebiography.


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ExtensionActivity2

StudentOutcomes

Studentslearntodesigntheirownexperiment.

Studentslearntorecordandwriteupresultsinareportform.

Studentsfurtherdeveloptheirknowledgeofvisiblecolour.

Studentsaretoinvestigatewhysomecoloursabsorbmoreheatthanothers.To

dothisusedifferentcolouredcloth,athermometerandthesun.Howtheyoudo

thisisuptothem.

Youaretorecordtheresults.Thenwriteupascientificreportthatincludes;

Aim

Method

Results

Conclusion

Thenwriteasmallparagraph,whichexplainswhysomecoloursabsorbmore

heatthanothers.Includeinthishowcoloursarevisibletohumaneyes.


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ExtensionActivity3

StudentOutcomes

Studentsfurthertheirknowledgeofelectromagneticradiation.

Studentsunderstandthatcolourisafrequencyontheelectromagnetic

spectrum.

Colourisjustonesmallpartoftheelectromagneticspectrum.Youaretocreatea

posteroftheelectromagneticspectrum.Ontheposterinclude;

Informationaboutelectromagneticradiation.

Differenttypesofwaves,highlightingthecolourspectrum.

Thefrequenciesofthedifferenttypesofwaves.

Usepicturesandillustrationswherepossible.


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Worksheets

AngleMeasurement Useyourprotractortomeasurethefollowingangles.


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WordFind

Findthefollowingwordsthatallrelatetorefractioninthelettersbelow.

Refraction, Medium, Density, Perpendicular, Normal, Light,

Speed, Snell, Bend, Fun, Angle, Incidence


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TrueFalse

PlaceaTnexttotheTRUEstatementsandanFnexttotheFALSEstatements.

1. ___Lightiselectromagneticradiation.

2. ___TheSunistheonlysourceoflight.

3. ___AllmirrorsareFlat.

4. ___Thecolourredhasthehighestwavefrequency.

5. ___Aprismandarainbowbothsplitwhitelight.

6. ___Youcanseeapictureofyourselfviadiffuse

reflection.

7. ___Thevisiblespectrumislightyoucansee.

8. ___Alllightpassesthroughtranslucentobjects.

9. ___Blackabsorbsallcolourfrequency.

10. ___Refractionmeansthelightstops.


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Coloursoftherainbow!

ColourintheRainbow.Thisisasimpleexercisehoweverbesuretogetthe

coloursintherightorder.Thenanswerthequestionbelow.

Writeasmallparagraphexplainingtheelectromagneticdifferencebetweeneach

ofthecolours.


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WordMatch

Matchthewordwiththecorrectdefinition.

LawofReflection Thereflectionof lightoffasmoothandshiny

surface.Thelightreflectsinonedirection

only.

LateralInversion Thereflectionoflightoffaroughanduneven surface.

Reflection Thebouncingoflightofasurface

Mirror Theangleofincidenceisequaltotheangleof

reflection.

Reflection Aflatsheetofglasswithonesidecoatedina layerofsilver.

AngleofIncidence Thebouncingoflightoffasurface.

SpecularReflection Isthereversalofanimagewhenamirror

reflectsit.

DiffuseReflection Thelightmayreflectinalldirections.

AngleofReflection Theangleatwhichalightbeamhitasurface.


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Perpendicular:Whentwothingsmeetat90degrees.Whenyouwritetheletter

T,thebottompartmeetswiththetopparttobeperpendicular.Thisisthe

oppositetoparallel.

VisibleLightSpectrum:Thefrequencyofthelightwavesthatisvisibletothehumaneye.Thisdeterminethecolourseenbythehumaneye.

Prism:Aseethroughobjectthatrefractslightandsplitsitintothecolour

spectrum

Wavelength:Thedistanceittakesforalightwavetorepeatitsshape.

Frequency:Howquicklythewavelengthsoccur.

ElectricField:AregionofspacewhereElectricallychargedparticlesexperiencea

force.

MagneticField:AregionofspacewhereMagneticallychargeparticles

experienceaforce.

LightWaves:AdisturbanceintheElectricandMagneticFields

Normal:Alineperpendiculartothesurfaceoftheobjectthatthelightisshinning

through.


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References

CommunityBasedScienceLabNotes

http://tlc.howstuffworks.com/family/science-experiments-for-kids7.htm

http://www.abcteach.com/free/s/scienceexperiment_light_refractionarchimede

s.pdf

http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/arvindgupta/mirror.pdf

http://stargazers.gsfc.nasa.gov/pdf/activities/in_a_different_light/lesson2_stude

nt.pdf

http://www.uen.org/3-6interactives/science.shtml

http://www.primaryresources.co.uk/science/science4c.htm

http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/refln/u13l3b.cfm

http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/geoopt/refr.html

http://www.atozteacherstuff.com/Themes/Shadows___Light/

http://science.lotsoflessons.com/colorspectrum.htmlhttp://www.wonderwhizkids.com/Physics/Light/Refraction/Refraction.html

http://www.light-science.com/reflectorexper.html

http://www.abcteach.com/free/s/scienceexperiment_lightrainbowtemperature.pdf


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