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•PRESENTED BY:•Fatma ELmanshy
•SHerry Adel•PRESENTED TO:
•Prof: Tarek Abou Elmaaty
COLOUR FASTNESS( LIGHT FASTNESS- RUBBING FASTNESS )
2
Content:1 -improve light fastness. Definitions and terms. Basis of the effect. Applied chemistry. Application and evaluation methods. Troubleshooting
2 -improve crocking and rubbing fastnessDefinitions and termsBasis of the effect. Applied chemistry
..Troubleshooting. 3
Resistance of
Dyestuffs toUltraviolet
Radiations
UVDivided into
A320-400 nm
B280-320 nm
C100-280 nm
LIGHT FASTNESS
4
E =h X = h X C/
The energy
E The
wavelengthTh
e hi
gher The shorter
UVCThe higher energy
Absorbed by ozone5
No Light ProtectionFading in tone
Fading in tone
Fading out of tone(Bleeding)Less severe
than
The light protection of dyestuff
The light protection of the fibre
Is connected to
6
moisture
heatTriplet
and singlet oxygen
FACTORS PROMOTE
THE FADING BY LIGHT
7
protecting products
Dyestuff Light
Interaction with
or
Interaction with dyestuff
After treatment with copper salts
Radical traps(anti – oxidants)
1 - 8
AFTER TREATMENT WITH COPPER SALTS
Formation of copper complex
with dyestuff
Improve light fastness
Disadvantages
Require special structures
toxic 9
RADICAL TRAPS(ANTI-OXIDANTS)
Hindered phenol light stabilisers
(HPLS)
Hindered amine light stabilisers
(HALS)
Anti-oxidant free radical trapping mechanism
10
2- Interaction with light
UV ScreenerUV Absorber
UV Absorbers
benzotriazol Phenyl triazine
-cyano acrylic acid derivations
Colourless organic compounds
11
Titanium dioxide
Delustering agent
Absorbs UV light
Absorb UV energy
Vibration energy
Heat energy
THE MECHANISM
Without photogradation
12
ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT ABSORBERS FROM THE HYDROXYL PHENYL CLASS
2-Hydroxyphenyl-1,3,5-triazine
2(2-’Hydroxy-5’-methylphenyl )benzotriazole
13
Disadvantages
High price
High concentration
needed(0.5-2%)
Hindered amine light stabilizars with UV
absorbance
THEREFOR THEY USE COMBINATION WITH OTHER PRODUCTS
14
Application methods.
After treatment
Exhaustion Pad-dry techniques
With dyeing
ISO AATCC FAKRA SAE
EVALUATION METHODS
15
LIGHT FASTNESS MEASURES BY
16
Auxiliary chemicals
pretreatment In dyeing In printing
Decrease light fastness
TROUBLESHOOTINGFINISHES
17
Combination of light protecting
agents with
Protecting agents against
Over-oxidation
Over-reduction
pH buffers
Vat dyes
Fibre protectors
“Nitrogen atoms ”
Fibre damagers
“photolysis”18
parameters of influence :
Kind of fibre “tensile strength&
wet abrasion ”
Kind& concentration
“Dyestuff” Dyeing or
printing procedure .After
treatment agents
Type of textile in contact
Intensity of the contact “pressure,
time, temp”
Migration ofcolour
From dyed surface to another
By rubbingRUBBING FASTNESS
19
Rubbing fastness
improvement
Film formation(smooth surface )
Hydrophobation
Finish product
sLubrican
tBehave similarly to
20
Improving rubbing fastness
Hydrolyzed polyvinylacetate
Hydrolyzed polyvinylether
better rubbing fastness
Pigment binders (Acrylic
copolymers)
APPLICATION OF PIGMENT
21
Evaluation
methods
AATCC“Crockmeter”
Manual Digital
ISO
22
troubleshooting
silicones “reduce
crocking fastness”
Dyed polyester
“Acceptable crocking fastness”
Softners “reduce crocking fastness” 23