Colonial Desserts

By Isabella Costa 7A4-ID3By Isabella Costa 7A4-ID3

How did Colonists bake?How did Colonists bake?

Colonists used brick ovens, either in the kitchen or in a separate place outside. They were used only for bread, cake, and pastry. They often made Johnny Cakes, oatmeal biscuits (the word cookie was not used until much later when the Dutch settled), apple pies and gingerbread in these baking ovens.

What ingredients were used most often?

What ingredients were used most often?

Milk, Butter, Cream, Apples, Salt, Molasses, Nutmeg, Flour, Eggs, Cornmeal, Oats, Sugar, Honey, Cloves, Ginger, Cinnamon.

These ingredients were often used because they were fairly easy to find nearby. Most ingredients were grown, found or purchased within walking distance of their home.

What tools were used?What tools were used?

Fire Spoon and the Sugar Cutter

Fire Spoon and the Sugar Cutter

Fire spoon was used to carry hot coal back home from outside were it was kept. Sugar Cutter was used to cut off a piece of sugar from large cones

The Quern and the SpiderThe Quern and the Spider

The Quern was used to grind corn into cornmeal.

The Spider was used for frying in the fireplace without having to stand and hold the pan.

Samp Mortar and the Butter Churn

Samp Mortar and the Butter Churn

A Samp Mortar was another tool used to grind corn.The Butter Churn was used to mix cream continuously until it turned to butter.

The Waffle Iron and the Bread Toaster

The Waffle Iron and the Bread Toaster

The Waffle Iron is an iron tool used make a waffle over a fire.

The Bread Toaster was simply used to toast bread over or near a fire.

Johnny CakesJohnny CakesIngredients1 c. Rhode Island white Johnny Cake meal (white cornmeal)Pinch of salt1 tsp. sugar1 c. boiling water1 eggMilkLard (fat)PreparationPut johnny cake meal into mixing bowl. Add salt and sugar.Make a well in center of meal. Pour in water to scald mixture. Let stand for a few minutes.Beat in egg.Thin batter to consistency of pancakes by adding milk and beating well.Drop by large, kitchen spoonfuls in hot shortening or lard onto griddle. Cook thoroughly on one side before turning. Do not cook too fast or inside will not be done. Makes 8 "cakes."

GingerbreadGingerbreadIngredients1 Cup Sugar2 Teaspoons Ginger1 Teaspoon Nutmeg1 Teaspoon Cinnamon½ Teaspoon Salt1 Cup Butter, Melted½ Cup Milk1 Cup Molasses4 Cups Stone-Ground Flour, UnsiftedPreparationCombine the sugar, ginger, nutmeg, cinnamon and salt. Mix well. Add the melted butter, milk, and molasses. Mix well. Add the flour 1 cup at a time, stirring constantly. The dough should be stiff enough to handle without sticking to fingers. Knead the dough for a smoother texture. Add up to ½ cup additional flour if needed to prevent sticking. When the dough is smooth, roll it out ¼ inch thick on a floured surface and cut it into cookies. Bake on floured or greased cookie sheets in a preheated 375 degree oven for 10 - 12 minutes. The cookies are done if they spring back when touched.

Apple PieApple PieIngredients Sugar (2 cups)Cinnamon (4 teaspoons)Butter (2 sticks - 8 tablespoons)Apples (24 green - Granny Smith type, 6 apples per group)Lemons (4)Nutmeg (1 teaspoon)Ingredients to make pastry (2 crusts):3/4 - 1 cup sugar - depends on apples2 tbs flour1 tsp cinnamonpinch saltPreparation Peel and core apples. Sprinkle with lemon juice. Combine sugar, flour, cinnamon, nutmeg and salt. Put sliced apples in bowl and toss gently until apples are coated. Put apples into pie crust. Dot apples with butter. Fit top crust over pie. Seal and flute. Cut a few slashes on top of pie. Bake in a hot oven (425 degrees) for 30-40 minutes. This pie can be placed in Dutch Oven on the hearth and baked. Makes 2 pies.

Oatmeal BiscuitsOatmeal Biscuits

Ingredients 2 c. sugar1 c. lard2 eggs1 1/2 c. flour3 c. rolled oats1 c. Raisins or nutsPreparation Cream lard. Add sugar gradually. Add well beaten eggs and vanilla. Sift flour. Add to mixture. Add oats, nuts or raisins (1 cup) and mix well. Shape into balls and flatten. Bake at 350 degrees for about 10 minutes.

QuizQuiz

•Common Ingredients?

•Tools?

•What was the old English way of saying cookie?

BibliographyBibliographyInformation Resources:

http://www.foodtimeline.org/foodcolonial.html#colonialovens

http://www.montgomeryschoolsmd.org/schools/forestoakms/site%20pages/academics/social%20studies/colonisl%20times/baker.html

http://www.cooks.com/rec/doc/0,199,151173-255201,00.html

http://www.epicurious.com/recipes/member/views/COLONIAL-WILLIAMSBURG-GINGERBREAD-CAKES-50043096

http://www.cooks.com/rec/view/0,1810,155184-240207,00.html

http://homework.northport.k12.ny.us/ocean/mdavidson/est572/recipes.htm

Photographic Resources: http://media.photobucket.com/image/picture%20of%20a%20colonial%20fire%20spoon/Bructer/575.jp

http://www.oldandinteresting.com/images/sugar%20nippers%20on%20stand.jpg