M E M O I R S

College of AgricultureEvidences indicate that agricultural education existed in India even during medieval period. The subject of Agriculture was included in the

curricula of Nalanda and Takshila Universities as one of the 18 arts. However, organized courses in Agricultural Education were started at th ththe end of 19 or beginning of 20 century.

The year of inception of agricultural education in the state of Uttar Pradesh dates back to 1893, when not far from the spot where now stands the stately building of the college, there, nestling among huge trees and surrounded by thick forest, was a small and somewhat odd looking building, which did serve for what was the first School of Agriculture in the State for training Revenue Officers (Quanungos). Out of that school, with bare 25 seats, has sprung the present institution. As a result of decision of the Government of India in 1905, to develop agricultural education and research in different provinces, a three years course in agriculture for students having matriculation with some experience in agriculture was started in the year 1906. In 1913, the Quanungo classes were separated from the agricultural course and in 1914, in lieu of three-year course, a 4- year course was introduced and the diploma of “Licentiate in Agriculture” (L. Ag.) began to be awarded. In 1926, the first two years of the four-year courses were recognized as intermediate Diploma in Agriculture by the Board of High School and intermediate Education, Allahabad. Subsequently, in 1930, Agra University recognized the four-year course equivalent to the degree of Bachelor of Science in Agriculture.

The M.Sc. classes were started, for the first time, in Uttar Pradesh in 1944-45 in Agricultural Botany and Entomology. M.Sc. (Ag.) classes in other subjects were started in subsequent years. The subjects and the years of commencing M.Sc. (Ag.) programmes are given as below -

Disciplines Year of starting Entomology --- 1944-45

Agricultural Botany --- 1944-45 Plant Pathology --- 1945-46 Horticulture --- 1945-46 Agricultural Economics --- 1945-46 Agricultural Chemistry --- 1945-46 Agronomy --- 1951-52

Animal Husbandry and Dairying --- 1960-61 Agricultural Extension --- 1961-62 Soil Conservation --- 1963-64 Plant Physiology --- 1971-72 Agricultural Biochemistry --- 1983-84 Seed Science and Technology --- 1984-85 Vegetable Science --- 2002-03 Forestry --- 2002-03

Agri . Business Management --- 2002-03 Biotechnology --- 2004-05 Microbiology --- 2005-06

Research work leading to the award of the Ph.D. degree was also started under the guidance of Professors and Scientists in subsequent years. With the establishment of Kanpur University in 1965, the affiliation of college changed from Agra to Kanpur University.

The teaching, research and extension education activities of the Institute were used to be carried out through the different Divisions as per the recommendations of the High Level Committee. The following ten divisions were functioning during the Institute period.

1. Agronomy 2. Agricultural Economics and Statistics3. Animal Husbandry and Dairying4. Crop Physiology and Biochemistry5. Entomology6. Agricultural Extension 7. Horticulture8. Plant Breeding and Genetics9. Plant Pathology10. Soils Science and Agricultural Chemistry

After the creation of Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur in 1975, the College of Agriculture became its constituent College.

ORIENTATION PROGRAMMES

Newly admitted students taking oath in orientation programme

Dignitaries sitting on the dias for giving orientation to the students

Dignitaries sitting on the dias for giving orientation to the studentsDignitaries sitting on the dias for giving orientation to the students

The first merit student is being given the certificateDignitaries sitting on the dias for giving orientation to the students

New entrant performing his calibreA view of the Audience New entrant performing his calibre

New entrant sitting in the Auditorium View of AuditoriumA view of the Audience

TEACHING ACTIVITIES College of Agriculture

Professor Munna Singh, VC inspecting class

Faculty member viewing object with Binocular microscope

PhD student working in Bio-Control Lab

Undergraduate students in Soil Chemistry Lab

PhD student working in Central Instrumentation LabFaculty member working in Biochemistry Lab

Undergraduate students in Soil Chemistry LabUndergraduate students in Soil Chemistry Lab

M E M O I R S

The Dean is the executive head of the College. College of Agriculture presently offers B.Sc. (Ag.) Hons. degree at undergraduate level and

M.Sc (Ag) in 14 subjects and Ph.D. in 13 disciplines at postgraduate level. Each department carries a position of Head equivalent to the

rank of Professor, who is assisted by Associate Professors, Assistant Professors, Scientists and Extension workers for carrying out

teaching, research and extension education activities. The College has 13 departments viz., Agricultural Biochemistry, Agriculture

Economics and Statistics, Agricultural Extension, Agronomy, Animal Husbandry and Dairying, Crop Physiology, Entomology, Genetics and

Plant Breeding, Horticulture, Plant Pathology, Seed Science and Technology, Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry and Soil

Conservation and Water Management. The College has implemented the revised RAWE programme, in addition to Experiential learning

courses at undergraduate level. The College has also implemented the restructured PG curricula recommended by the ICAR. Since the

establishment of the University, till 2013, total 3998 students have been awarded with undergraduate and degree, whereas 3973 and 972

students have been awarded postgraduate and doctorate degree, respectively in different disciplines of Agriculture.

Presently, the courses of study for different degrees offered by the College of Agriculture at Kanpur are as follows:

UG: B.Sc. Ag. (Hons.) – 8 Semesters

PG: M.Sc. Ag. (14 disciplines) – 4 Semesters and Ph.D. (13 disciplines)– 6 Semesters.

The aim of education in the university recognized for the all-round development of personality. The University provides ample means for the

achievement of this aim through curricular and extra-curricular activities as also through invited lectures / extra mural lectures on

agricultural science and humanities. This provides an interface between distinguished scholars and the students so that learning may be

shared and wisdom may at least be glimpsed.

College of Agriculture

M E M O I R S

The Department of Agronomy came into existence in 1951-52 with

the start of M. Sc. (Ag.) classes. Initially, it was known as

Agronomy section. During January 1969, the status of Govt.

Agricultural College, Kanpur upgraded to U.P. Institute of

Agricultural sciences with the creation of ten full- fledged divisions.

Agronomy was being one of them, which comprised of two

disciplines namely, Agronomy and Agricultural Engineering. With

the up-gradation of U. P. Institute of Agricultural sciences to the

status of C. S. Azad University of Agriculture and Technology,

Kanpur on July 1, 1975, this Division was re-named as

Department of Agronomy. Subsequently, in 1973, the discipline of

Water Management, irrigation and drainage was also included in

this Department.

Ever since the inception of Department in 1951-52,

several luminaries like Dr. R. K. Tandon (1951-53), Dr. J. N.

Sharma (1953-54 & 1959-61), Prof. M. D. Misra (1954-56 & 1962-

64), Dr. T. J. Meerchandani (1956-58), Dr. S. M. Aizazhusain

(1958-59), Dr. Daulat Singh (1961-62), Dr. N. K. Jain (1964-68),

Dr. V. Singh (1968-71 & 1987-94), Dr. K. S. Rathi (1971-87 & 1994-

99), Dr. V. S. Verma (1999-2001), Dr. A. N. Tewari (2001-2004 &

2007-08), Dr. B. Rai (2004-2007), Dr. H. N. Tripathi (2007), Dr. V. P.

N. Singh (2008-10) and Dr. Kedar Prasad (2010-11) have headed

this Department. Dr. M. P. Yadav is presently continuing the Head

of the Department since 2011.

DEPARTMENT OF AGRONOMY

New Building

Achievements:

Teaching: The department offers different courses of Agronomy to UG (28 credits), PG (55 credits) and PhD (75 credits). Till

now, 138 Ph. D. scholars and 808 M. Sc. (Ag.) students have completed their degrees in Agronomy.

Research:

Intercropping of Rabi crops with autumn-planted sugarcane: The studies indicated that intercropping of sugarcane

with barley, mustard, berseem, sugar beet and late sown wheat were found to have yield depressions of varying degrees.

The minimum reduction in cane yield noted in case of dwarf wheat, particularly with Heera, while the maximum reduction of

24% observed with barley. Potato and potato followed by onion sequence increased the yield of sugarcane than its pure

cropping. Following intercropping sequences were recommended for covering various agronomic situations and resources

at the command of the farmers.

Sugarcane + Wheat (K 816), Sugarcane + Mustard (Varuna), Sugarcane + Potato (K. Sinduri), Sugarcane + Potato (K.

Chandramukhi), followed by onion (Kalyanpur red round) and Sugarcane + Potato followed by Wheat (K 816). Further

studies have indicated that for the intercropping of dwarf wheat planting of sugarcane 90 cm apart with 5 rows of wheat in

College of Agriculture

M E M O I R S

between two rows of sugarcane proved to be more profitable than double row planting (2 rows 30 cm apart after a skip of 90

cm) with the same number of wheat rows.

The adverse effect on cane yield was noted in case of wheat, barley, mustard and late sown wheat. Early maturing triple

gene dwarf wheat like Heera and Moti gave a minimum reduction of 3.7% in cane yield, while Kalyan Sona and Sonalika

reduced the cane yield by 10.2% and 7.6%, respectively. Similarly, in late sown wheat after potato with sugarcane by the

use of early maturing triple gene dwarf wheat (K 816) and by better management of sugarcane after harvesting of wheat,

the adverse effect on cane yield reduced from 21% to 1.5%.

In barley, Jyoti reduced the cane yield by a margin of 24.9%, while the adverse effect of Ratna was 18.2% only. Mustard

variety Varuna reduced the cane yield by 8%, while the reduction due to appressed mutant was 5%.

For the intercropping of potato followed by wheat planting of sugarcane 90 cm apart planting of two cane rows 75 cm apart

after a skip of 105 cm with one row of potato and three rows of wheat in 75 cm spacing and two rows of potato and 4 rows of

wheat in 105 cm distance proved most profitable. The better yield of mustard, potato (with equal plant stand) and wheat

(with 75% rows of pure crop) to the tune of 4.13, 3.37 and 22.98 q/ha, respectively, obtained over the pure crop.

The yield of late sown direct seeded wheat and late planted wheat and onion gave only 9.96, 29.78 and 21.60 q/ha yield in thintercropping after harvesting of early potato when the planting of sugarcane was done on 30 September. Yield of 37.39,

54.98 and 180.94 q/ha was obtained in intercropping of direct sown wheat, transplanted wheat and onion, respectively, rdwhen sugarcane planted during 3 week of October.

Multiple Cropping: Following multiple and relay crop sequences have been recommended to the cultivators.

For a multiple crop sequences like maize-toria- wheat and paddy-toria-wheat, toria (T 9) and lahi (T 36) take more than 100

days and their duration is increased even to 110 to 115 days and therefore, their inclusion in the rotation carry the risk due to

undue delay in sowing of wheat.

Under border method, 3 rows of wheat, potato, mustard and paddy (only seeds and seedlings) are sown regularly at the th threcommended spacing and 4 furrow is left unsown. Thus, the seed and fertilizer of the 4 furrow are saved. The top dressing

of the nitrogen is done in the two interspaces of a group of 3 rows and thus the nitrogen of the fourth unsown row is also

saved. The space left also facilitates cultural operations.

1. Maize - early potato - wheat - mungbean

2. Maize - early potato - wheat - mungbean

3. Maize - Toria - Onion -

4. Paddy - Wheat - Fodder - (Bajra and Cowpea)

5. Paddy - Mustard - Fodder - (Bajra and Cowpea)

6. Paddy - Chickpea - Fodder - (Bajra and Cowpea)

7. Paddy - Pea - Fodder - (Bajra and Cowpea)

8. Chari - Bajra - Berseem + Japani Rai + Maize + Cowpea

9. Chari - Berseem + Japani Sarson + Bajra + Cowpea

10. Paddy - Toria - Cheena - mungbean

College of Agriculture

AGRO-TECHNIQUES

N-Use Efficiency trial -1Application of resin coated Urea @ 100 kg N ha

Vasumathi, T. Basmati and PB-1 differed in grain yield Border method of crop cultivation

N =150% of recommended N V .KRH-24 2

Use of brakish water in crop production Tomato(Angoorlata) in partially reclaimed alkali soil

Intercropping of mungbean with maize

M E M O I R S

Advancement in the technology of late sown wheat: Sowing of sprouted wheat seeds soaked in water for 48-60 hr and

with 120 kg N+ 80 kg P O and 40 kg K O/ha with increased seed rate and frequent irrigations, particularly after ear 2 5 2

emergence, was found to increase the yield.

For direct seeding: Paddy varieties Pusa 2-21 and Cauvery found most suitable as they allow late sowing of wheat.

Transplanted under delayed condition: Maximum yield of dwarf paddy under delayed sowing may be obtained by

transplanting at 15 cm x 10 cm spacing with two seedlings per hill.

Water Management: In dwarf wheat, four irrigations was found better than six irrigations. Under saline-alkali conditions, 6-

irrigations gave significantly higher wheat yield than four irrigations. Further, irrigation in furrow- ridge system gave more

wheat yield than irrigation in flat beds and the application of pyrite with irrigation water increased irrigation efficiency. In case

of restricted water supply, three irrigations at CRI, late tillering and milk stages with medium fertility of N80 P40 are

recommended. In case of only one irrigation, barley crop was found more profitable than wheat. If only one irrigation is

available for wheat it may be applied at CRI stage, while in case of two irrigations, these may be applied at CRI and late

tillering stages for better use of available water.

Mustard variety 'Varuna' gave 30-35 q/ha yield with 3 irrigations and 120 kg N/ha. Under saline- alkali condition, mustard

yield was maximized with six irrigations with 120 kg N/ha. In case of short duration toria 'Bhawani' the highest yield was

obtained when the crop was given two irrigations. For one irrigation, mustard was fond more remunerative than wheat

which was followed by barley.

Cropping systems: The highest grain yield of rice was recorded by substituting 25% N through green leaf manuring + 75%

N of recommended dose of NPK applied through fertilizers, while in wheat, yield was maximum under the treatment with

100% NPK through fertilizers. Total grain yield of whole system was maximum with 100% fertilizer application, which was at

par with 25% N through GLM in rice and 100% N through fertilizer in wheat. The maximum yield of hybrid rice (83.53 q/ha)

was obtained with application of 150:60:120 Kg NPK/ha + 25 kg Sulphur and 40 kg ZnSO /ha, while highest yield of wheat 4

(60.04 q/ha) was obtained through 150 kg N, 30 kg Phosphorous and 120 kg Potash/ha. The highest productivity in Kharif

Maize (83400 cobs/ha), Rabi potato (18876 kg/ha) and Zaid onion (9100 kg/ha) was obtained by application of 120N : 60P : 40K : 20S : 20 ZnSO /ha.4

Weed Control: Catch cropping of potato during intervening period of rice-wheat system declined the invasion of associated

weeds and registered more wheat yield. Rice-vegetable pea-wheat cropping system could be resorted to next choice in -1managing weed problem, getting more wheat yield equivalent yield and good net return. Atrazine (0.75 kgha ) applied in

maize prevented satisfactory weed competition, but did not show any residual effect on weed emergence in succeeding

potato and sunflower crops of the sequence. Cris-cross sowing found advantageous in suppressing the weed flora to the

extent of 13.43%. Application of Metribuzin (175 g/ha) as pre-emergence and (87.5 g/ha) as post-emergence was found

effective in controlling C. oxyacantha and other associated weeds, resulting in greater grain yield of 2074 kg/ha and Rs.

10954 Rs/ha net return over untreated.

Land use planning: The detailed soil survey and analysis of soil samples gave pH value ranged from 6.2 to 10.8, EC value

ranged 0.10 to 1.23 dsm-1, OC% ranged from 0.10 – 0.92, available nitrogen ranged 75- 165 kg/ha, phosphorous 10-53

kg/ha and available potash ranges from 171-665 kg/ha.

College of Agriculture