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Collection of Abstracts
7th Iranian Fuel Cell Seminar
Islamic Azad University
Qeshm branch
Qeshm Island – Iran
February 26&27, 2014
7th
Iranian Fuel Cell Seminar
Held in Qeshm branch of Islamic Azad University, Qeshm Island, Islamic Republic
of Iran, 26&27 February, 2014
Seminar Chairman: Dr Rasol Abdullah Mirzaie
© Copyright 2014, Electrochemical Society of Iran
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
P.O. Box: 14115-111
Phone: +98-21-82884713
Fax: +98-21-82884713
Email: [email protected]
Website: www.iranecs.ir
Full papers proceedings of 7th Iranian Fuel Cell Seminar, 26-27 February 2014,
Electrochemical Society of Iran. Event jointly organized by Islamic Azad University.
All rights reserved. No part of this may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the
Electrochemical Society of Iran.
Electrochemical Society of Iran is not responsible for the use which might be made of
the information contained in this book.
Organizers
Qeshm branch
Iranian Research Institute for
Information Science and
Technology
Fuel cell Research Laboratory
Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University
Welcome to 7th Iranian fuel cell seminar
Dear colleague,
On behalf of all members of scientific and organizing committees, it is my great
honor to welcome you to the 7th Iranian fuel cell seminar. This seminar is hosted
by the Electrochemical Society of Iran and Qeshm branch of Islamic Azad
University from 26-27 February 2014. The aim of this seminar is to get together
and present the latest scientific findings and to share information in the field of
fuel cell systems for professionals within academia, research and industry.
Fuel cell is the best way for clean energy production in Hydrogen economy. It can
help for producing electricity with low noise and good efficiency. As fuel cells
generate electricity through a chemical reaction, rather than combustion, they
do not produce harmful emissions. Currently, technologists are developing and
adapting fuel cell technology for practical use in exhaust-free automobiles and in
electricity-generating plants.
Participants at this seminar celebrate 54 paper presentations, posters as well as
workshop sessions. Professor Majid jafarian and Dr Sousan Rowshanzamir as
invited speakers provided insightful ideas and questions for many seminar
participants by tackling issues in "a comparative study of the electroxidation of
C1 to C3 aliphatic alcohols on Ni modified graphite electrode" and "fundamental
research needs in membrane and electrocatalyst with in proton exchange
membrane fuel cells", respectively.
This seminar would not be possible without your participation and support. We
would like to thank you for your participation and also all those involved in the
organization of this conference. We hope that you have had a fruitful and
memorable seminar and a delightful stay in beautiful Qeshm Island.
Dr Rasol Abdullah Mirzaie
Seminar Chairman
Head of Scientific Committee
7th Iranian fuel cell seminar Organizing Committee
Prof. JahanBakhsh Raoof
Director of Electrochemical Society of Iran
University of Mazandaran
Prof.Hossein Gharibi
Tarbiat Modares University
Dr. Rasol Abdullah Mirzaie Seminar Chairman
Head of Scientific Committee
Fuel cell Research Laboratory
Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University
Prof. Majid jafarian
K. N. Toosi University of technology
Dr. Iman Khosravi
Head of Executive Committee
I.A.U-Qeshm branch
Dr Soheila Javadian Farzaneh
Tarbiat Modares University
Dr Ali Ehsani
University of Qom
Dr Niloufar Bahrami Panah
Payame Noor University
7th
Iranian fuel cell seminar
Executive Committee:
Dr. Rasol Abdullah Mirzaie, Seminar Chairman
Dr. Iman Khosravi, Head of Executive Committee
Islamic Azad University-Qeshm branch
Arash Abdullah Mirzaie, The seminar secretariat
Dr. Arida jabbari, Islamic Azad University-Qeshm branch
Dr. mehdi jabbarzadeh shiadeh, Islamic Azad University-Qeshm branch
Dr. melika eftekhar, Islamic Azad University-Qeshm branch
Dr. Hamed Imantalab, Islamic Azad University-Qeshm branch
Dr. Shahram Afraz, Islamic Azad University-Qeshm branch
Dr. Mohamad Hosein Ranjbar, Islamic Azad University-Qeshm branch
Ali soroodi golestani, Islamic Azad University-Qeshm branch
Abolfazl zarei, Islamic Azad University-Qeshm branch
Mahmood Darvishi ,Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University
Ilqar Abdollahi, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University
Nasrin Farshadi, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University
Behnam Moeini, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University
Maryam Azamiyan, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University
Narges Mohammadkhani , Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University
Key Speaker
Professor Majid Jafarian
“A comparative study of the electroxidation of C1 to C3 aliphatic alcohols on Ni modified graphite electrode” Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science K.N.Toosi University of Technology Tehran, Iran
Biography
B.A.C. : Math. 1977 a Tehran Iran
Licence : Chimie- Physique 1986 a Univ. de Grenoble France
maitrise : Chimie- Physique 1987 a Univ. de Grenoble France
D.E.A. : Electrochimie 1988 aI.N.P. de Grenoble France
Doctorat : Electrochimie 1990 aI.N.P. de Grenoble France
Position : .Assistant Professor of Electrochimie 1990
Associate Professor of Electrochimie 2001
Professor of Electrochimie 2006
Key Speaker
Sousan Rowshanzamir Associate Professor
“Fundamental research needs in membrane and electrocatalyst with in proton exchange membrane fuel cells” Green Research Center (GRC) & School of Chemical Engineering (SChE) Iran University of Science & Technology Narmak Tehran, Iran
Biography
PhD in Chemical Engineering, Sharif University of Science and Technology, Iran,
1993-1998
MSc in Chemical Engineering, Amir-Kabir University , Iran, 1991-1993
BSc in Chemical Engineering, Sharif University of Science and Technology, Iran,
1984-1989
Table of contents
A comparative study of the electroxidation of C1 to C3
aliphatic alcohols on Ni modified graphite electrode
Jafarian M., Danaeei I.,
Gobal F. Haghighatbin
M.A., Mirzapoor A.,
Rashvand avei M. ,
Babaee M., Forouzandeh
F. & Mahjani M.G.
1
Fundamental research needs in membrane and
electrocatalyst within proton exchange membrane fuel cells
Soosan Rowshanzamir
3
Preparation and characterization of Graphene-supported
platinum nanoparticles for direct methanol fuel cell
Maryam Nikkha Ravari ,
Seyed Hadi Tabaian
4
Pt-Co alloy nanocatalyst on the carbon-ceramic electrode
for formic acid oxidation
Biuck Habibi,
Nasrin Delnavaz
5
Study of platinum electrodeposition on carbon paper for
glucose oxidation in alkaline media
Rasol Abdullah Mirzaie,
Behnam moeini 6
Modulating methane storage in anionic nano-porous
MOF materials via cation exchange process
Ali Morsali* and Kamran
Akhbari 7
Electrocatalytic Properties of Pd/MWCNT on Carbon
Ceramic Electrode for Formic Acid Oxidation
Biuck Habibi*, Soheila
Mohammadyari
8
Hydrogen crossover studies of self-humidifying
nanocomposite membranes based on sPEEK
Parvin Sayadi, Soosan
Rowshanzamir
9
Synthesis of Fe catalyst supported on nitrogen doped
graphene for oxygen reduction reaction
Hosna Ghanbarlou,
Soosan Rowshanzamir,
Mohammad Javad
Parnian, Bagher
Kazeminasab
10
Investigation of the Carbon corrosion in Catalyst layer for
Polymer electrolyte Fuel cell
Mitra salehi, Mitra salehi
11
Optimization of dispersion solvent in catalyst Ink of proton
exchange membrane fuel cell
Elham.aliakbarloo,
Mehrnoosh.karimkhani
12
Electrocatalytic activity of metal nanoparticles supported on
reduced graphene oxide dispersed in conducting polymer
A. Ehsani, M. Ahmadi
13
Pt alloy as an electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction
in PEM fuel cell’s gas diffusion electrodes
M. Faraji,
Hussein Gharibi
14
Contact Resistance Improvement between Stainless Steel
Bipolar Plate and GDL using Nano-Clad
E. Alizadeh,
M. Khorshidian,
M. Ghadimi, M. Momeni,
M. Barzegari, H. Saadat
15
Conductive coating based on encapsulated MWNTs for fuel
cell electrodes
Ahmad Nozad golikand,
Iraj Hasanzadeh Mehrdad
Teymourzadeh
16
Pt/MWCNTs nanocomposite: a durable electrocatalyst for
proton exchange membrane fuel cells
Farokh Mirzaei, Soosan
Rowshanzamir, Emad
Kooshki, Mohammad
Javad Parnian
17
Zirconium Hydride Synthesis by Electrochemical Method
Iraj Moradi Gharatloo,
Ahmad Nozad Golikand,
Mohammad Bagher Fathi,
Iraj Hasanzadeh
18
Manufacture and design of Graphite bipolar plates for Low
power fuel cell stack
Elghar Abdollahi,
Ali Asfia,
Seyede sanaz Katourani
19
High activity of oxide-promoted Pt nano-particle catalyst for
2-Butanol electrooxidation in acid medium
Esmaeil Habibi and
Maryam Fazli
20
Recent advances in sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone)
based proton exchange membranes for high temperature fuel
cells
Taghiyeh Saririchi,
Soosan Rowshanzamir
21
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy analyses of
alkaline glycerol fuel cell based on Nobel-metal
nanoparticle anode catalysts
Esmaeil Habibi,
Maryam Fazli and
Habib Razmi
22
Effect of Different Carbon Supports on the Electroactivity of
Platinum Nano-Particles in a Direct Methanol Fuel Cell
Esmaeil Habibi,
Maryam Fazli and
Habib Razmi
23
Using the Palladium as core and Platinum as shell for ORR
Masoumeh javaheri
24
Application of Pt nanoparticles modified glassy carbon
electrode for electrooxidation of formaldehyde
Jahan-Bakhsh Raoof,
Sayed Reza Hosseini,
Sharifeh Rezaee 25
Physioelectrochemical investigation of polytyramine
composite film as an anode material in fuel cell
A. Ehsani, M.G. Mahjani 26
Ethanol Oxidation on Poly methylene blue/Poly pyrrole
Bilayer Modified with Nickel Nano-particles
Niloufar Bahrami Panah,
Forough Bayati
Marghmaleki
27
A novel organic/inorganic nanocomposite membranes based
on Poly vinyl alcohol for PEM fuel cell
Khadijeh Hooshyari,
Mehran Javanbakht,
Morteza Enhessari
28
BaZrO3 nanopowders for improving the performance of
polymer electrolyte membranes
Abdol Mohammad
Attaran, Mehran
Javanbakht, Khadijeh
Hooshyari, Morteza
Enhessari
29
Electrooxidations of acetaldehyde using PtSn/C and
PtSnO2/C catalysts
S. Sadeghi, H. Gharibi
30
Synthesis of Silver Palladium alloy based on graphene for
alkaline anionic membrane fuel cell
Karim Kakaei ,
Amin Balavandi,
Maryam Dorraji,
Kamran Marzang
31
Synthesis and electrochemical behavior studies of graphene
support in PEMFC
Ahmad heydari, Hussein
gharibi and fatemeh yasi
32
Electrochemical manufacturing of graphene and its
decoration with nano Pt-Sn alloy for ethanol oxidation in
DEFCs
Karim Kakaei , Kamran
Marzang Amin Balavandi
33
Effect of Pt: Pd atomic ratio in Pt-Pd/C electrocatalysts for
proton exchange membrane fuel cells
Fatemeh Yasi, Hussein
Gharibi and Ahmad
Heydari
34
Development of an advanced MEA to use in a passive direct
methanol fuel cell system
Farhad Golmohammadi,
Hussein Gharibi, Mehdi
Kheirmand 35
Dispersion of graphene in aqueous solutions with
conventional and gemini surfactants
H. Moradi, J. Kakemam,
S. Javadian
36
Performance evaluation of a solid oxide fuel cell-micro gas
turbine (SOFC-MGT) hybrid system
Tayebeh Soltani and
Mohammad Ali Fanaei
37
Study of nano-MnO2 effects on the oxygen
reduction/evolution reaction
Rasol Abdullah Mirzaie,
Mohammad safi
Rahmanifar,
Nasrin Farshadi,
Maryam Azamian
38
CFD based two-phase modeling of PEM fuel cell under low
humidity conditions
Ebrahim Afshari
39
Numerical Simulation of a Membrane Humidifier with
Porous Metal Foam as Flow Distributor, for PEM Fuel Cell
Systems
N. Baharlou Houreh, E.
Afshari
40
Two dimensional model of solid oxide fuel cell
Mehdi Mehrpooya, Sepide
Akbarpour and Ali Vatani
41
Thermodynamic investigation of the proton conductivity of
a phosphoric acid-doped polybenzimidazole membrane
Zohre Taherkhani, Mahdi
Abdollahi and Alireza
Sharif 42
Energy and Exergy Study and Optimization of a SOFC
Cogeneration System for Residential Applications
Hassan Hassanzadeh,
Mohamad Ali Farzad 43
Non-isothermal and non-isobaric modeling of two-phase
flow in the cathode GDL of PEM fuel cell
Hassan Hassanzadeh,
Seyed Hadi Golkar
44
Novel Cooling Flow Field for Polymer Electrolyte
Membrane Fuel Cell
E. Alizadeh, H. Saadat, M.
Rahgoshay, Y.
Vazifehshenas, M. Rahimi,
M. Khorshidian
45
Development of Fault Tree Method for Reliability Analysis
of PEM Fuel Cell
E. Alizadeh, M.
Khorshidian, H. Saadat,
A. Abbasi
46
Quasi-Dimensional Modeling of the Cathode of a Polymer
Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cell and study design
parameters on its performance
R.Honarkhah,
Y.Bakhshan, M.Sadeghi
47
Adsorption of H2 on graphene induced by the interplay of
SiO2 substrate: A first principles study
S. Majid
Hashemianzadeh, Mehdi
Sabzali and Sara Roosta 48
A computational study: Interaction of Hydrogen and three
cations of group IA within B16N16
Sima Mehdi Shishvan,
Javad Beheshtian
49
Investigation of methanol oxidation on Pt9 and Graphene
using density functional theory method
Rasol Abdullah Mirzaie,
Elena Yashmi, Javad
Beheshtian
50
Exergy analysis of an external reforming solid oxide fuel
cell-micro gas turbine (SOFC-MGT) hybrid system
Tayebeh Soltani and
Mohammad Ali Fanaei 51
Developing an inquiry- based fuel cell experiment
Masoumeh Ghalkhani
52
What is a Nano fuel cell
Azam Anaraki Firooz
53
Design a New Oxygen Safety System for a 10 kW PEM Fuel
Cell
Amir Amini,
Mehran Habibi, Hadi
Gurabi,
Ali Mahmudian
54
Comparison of Some Methods for Ethanol Synthesis as Fuel
suitable from PEMFC
Akram Heidari1, Ahmad
Nozad Goli kand1,2,
Maryam Heidari1
55
Introducing new platinum electrocatalyst based on Zinc
oxide nanocomposite for oxygen reduction reaction in
presence of Vulcanian reaction layer
Rasol Abdullah Mirzaie,
Azam Anaraki Firooz,
Fatemeh Hamedi
56
Investigation of Refractive Index Variation Effect on the
Output Voltage of Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Fuel
Cells
Saeed Olyaee and
Somayeh Esfandeh
57
1
A comparative study of the electroxidation of C1 to C3
aliphatic alcohols on Ni modified graphite electrode
Jafarian M., Danaeei I., Gobal F. Haghighatbin M.A., Mirzapoor A., Rashvand avei
M. , Babaee M., Forouzandeh F. & Mahjani M.G.
Department of Chemistry, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, P.O. Box 15875-4416,
Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Electrocatalytic processes involving the oxidation of aliphatic alcohols, in particular,
methanol and ethanol are of great interest in many areas, ranging from medical applications to
wastewater treatment and from the construction of alcohol fuel cells to analytical applications
in the food industry. Methanol is the viable fuel in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) for its
availability, ease of handling, and storage. In comparison with other cells, DMFCs have some
advantages such as high efficiency, low polluting emissions and operation temperature
(typically <95 °C), renewable fuel source, and rapid response to change in load or operating
conditions. One of the problems still unsolved is the slow kinetics of oxidation methanol on
the fuel cell’s anode, which also presents a serious impediment to the use of electrochemical
methods based on the direct oxidation of this molecule for analytical purposes. In the
electrochemical oxidation of methanol, the electrode material is clearly an important factor
where a highly efficient electro-catalyst is needed. As previously described, considerable
increase in power density and fuel utilization is obtained by optimizing different components
of fuel cells. Although different electrode materials based on Pt and Pt-binary electrodes are
commonly used as a catalyst for the electrochemical oxidation of methanol, they are too
expensive for practical applications. Electrochemical studies are carried out in a conventional
three-electrode cell powered by an electrochemical system comprising of EG&G model
273A potentiostat/ galvanostat. A PC through M270 commercial softwareruns the system via
a GPIB interface. A coiled platinum wire serves as an auxiliary electrode, and the potentials
are measured against an Ag/AgCl/KCl (saturated) electrode. All measurements are carried
out at 298 ± 2 K.
In the present work, we represented the preparation and study of the electrochemical
properties of the glassy carbon and carbon electrodes modified with nickel, GE/POAP–SDS/
2
Ni , nickel–manganese and the films derived from the electropolymerization of
NiII-(N,N′-bis(2-hydroxy,3-methoxybenzaldehyde) -1,2-propandiimine),abbreviated as
(NiII{sal-1,2-pn(3-OMe)2}) in the alkaline solution. The electrochemical properties and
behaviors and also kinetic values of both films have been characterized and compared using
cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry (CA) and electrochemical impedance
spectroscopy (EIS). In CV studies, in the presence of alcohols Ni modified electrode shows
an activity order of methanol > ethanol > 1- propanol > 2-propanol. The modified electrode
showed electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation of ethanol at around 600 mV vs. Ag/AgCl.
The Ni modified nickel oxyhydroxide electrode exhibited large response current for
oxidation of ethanol Electro-catalysis is enhanced by incorporation of Ni-species into POAP
film composed to metallic Ni surface. (iii) Diminution of the reactivity of alcohol follows its
complexity.
Both films were represented an ideal adherent to the electrode surface, and both films shown
to be highly effective toward methanol electrocatalytic oxidation. However, in case of
GC/poly-NiTCPP, we have shown that the film is more conductive in comparison with
GC/poly-TCPP/Ni according to heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant Ks value. The
encapsulated complex exhibits fairly clear evidence in the physiochemical and
spectrochemical characterization for the well-defined inclusion and distribution of complex
inside the zeolite matrix. The results of the spectrochemical study and the DFT calculations
support that the encapsulated complex undergoes distortion under the influence of
aconstrained zeolite framework.
3
Fundamental research needs in membrane and
electrocatalyst within proton exchange membrane fuel
cells
Soosan Rowshanzamir1
Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Laboratory, Green Research Center, Iran University of Science and
Technology, Narmak, Tehran, Iran. Tel./fax: +98 2177491242
Abstract
At the heart of the PEM fuel cell is the membrane electrode assembly (MEA). Today, the
MEA is still a major obstacle for commercialization of PEMFCs. Fuel cell performance is
strongly dependent on MEA. The MEA consists of a proton exchange membrane, catalyst
layers, and gas diffusion layers (GDL). The catalyst layer (CL) is where the hydrogen
oxidation reaction (HOR) or oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) takes place. Membrane refers
to a thin layer of electrolyte which conducts protons from the anode to the cathode. The
performance of polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell is mainly influenced by
ohmic, activation, and concentration overpotentials. The activation overpotential originates
from the irreversibility of the electrochemical reaction. Ohmic overpotential is generated by
the ionic and electronic charge-transfer resistances. Concentration overpotential is generated
by mass transport in the electrodes. A number of studies have shown that the activation
overpotential and the ohmic overpotential were responsible for most of the voltage loss. The
activation overpotential express voltage drops at the catalyst layers. Ohmic overpotential is
caused by the resistance of the proton exchange membrane to the hydrogen ions transporting
through it. Therefore, research focused on the catalyst layer and proton exchange membrane
as two key components in the development of fuel cell technology. The objective of this work
is to outline major challenges in proton exchange membrane and electrocatalyst and the needs
for fundamental research for the near future and prior to fuel cell commercialization.
Keywords: proton exchange membrane; electrocatalyst; fundamental research needs
1 Associate Professor , Green Research Center (GRC) & School of Chemical Engineering (SChE), Iran University of Science & Technology, Narmak, Tehran, 1684613114, Iran, Fax: 73021620, Email: [email protected]
4
Preparation and characterization of Graphene-supported
platinum nanoparticles for direct methanol fuel cell
Maryam Nikkha Ravari1, Seyed Hadi Tabaian
2
Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology,
Tehran, Iran
Abstract
In this work, Pt nanoparticles were decorated on graphene and their electro catalytic activities
for methanol oxidation were investigated. The procedure involved the synthesis of the
composite of graphene nanosheets decorated by Pt nanoparticles have been prepared via
reduction of graphite oxide and H2PtCl6 in one pot .The morphology and distribution of Pt
nanoparticles were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM)
and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The electrocatalytic activities of Pt/graphene catalysts were
investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) in methanol aqueous solution. Electrochemical
experiments show that the composite has superior catalytic performance toward methanol
oxidation indicating the graphene may have a splendid future as catalysts carrier in
electrocatalysis and Direct methanol fuel cell.
Keywords: Direct methanol fuel cell, Graphene, Pt nanoparticles, Methanol oxidation
1 Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran 2 Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, [email protected]
5
Pt-Co alloy nanocatalyst on the carbon-ceramic electrode
for formic acid oxidation
Biuck Habibi*, Nasrin Delnavaz
Electroanalytical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences,
Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract
Bimetallic platinum–cobalt nanoparticles were co-deposited on a carbon-ceramic electrode
(Pt-Co/CCE) surface using a simple one step electrochemical process. The obtained catalyst
is characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and cyclic voltammetry.
The fabricated electrode was used as an anode for the electrooxidation of formic acid (FA) in
0.1 M H2SO4 solution. It was found that Pt-Co/CCE was catalytically more active than
platinum nanoparticles (alone) supported on the same substrate. On the other hand, the results
showed that the presence of Co greatly enhances the activity of Pt towards the
electrooxidation of FA. Moreover, the Pt-Co/CCE catalyst has satisfactory stability and
reproducibility for electrooxidation of FA when stored in ambient conditions or continues
cycling making it more attractive for fuel cell applications.
Keywords: Electrosynthesis, Pt-Co alloy, formic acid oxidation, Carbon-ceramic electrode.
6
Study of platinum electrodeposition on carbon paper for
glucose oxidation in alkaline media
Rasol Abdullah Mirzaie, Behnam moeini
Fuel cell Research Laboratory, Dep. Of chemistry, Faculty of science, Shahid Rajaee Teacher
Training University, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract
Usage of electro-catalysts with high activity for glucose oxidation is one of importance for practical
application such as glucose fuel cell because glucose is easily available, cheap and non-toxic
bio-fuel. In this paper, novel method was introduced for preparation of gas diffusion electrode for
glucose oxidation in alkaline media based on electrodeposition of platinum electrocatalyst. Platinum
electrocatalyst was deposited on carbon paste/carbon paper electrode (P-CPCP-E) by cyclic
voltammetry (CV) electrodeposition method. The deposited platinum was formed into carbon paste
on carbon paper electrode. This electrodeposition method was carried out in various H2PtCl6
concentrations (0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, and 2 mmole/liter). Platinum atoms on CPCP as prepared
electrodes were shown acceptable results for glucose electro-oxidation in alkaline solutions. The
electrochemical properties of (P-CPCP-E) for glucose electro-oxidation were characterized by cyclic
voltammetry. CV analysis was shown that current density of glucose electro-oxidation at -0.3 V vs.
Ag/AgCl was affected by platinum concentration in electrodeposition environment. The optimum
current density is achieved in.H2PtCl6 2mM.
Keywords: Biofuel cell, Glucose oxidation, Electrodeposition, cyclic voltammetry
7
Modulating methane storage in anionic nano-porous
MOF materials via cation exchange process
Ali Morsali* and Kamran Akhbari
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box
14115-175, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract
The post-synthesis cation exchange process of [HDMA]2[Zn2(BDC)3(DMA)2]·6DMF (1)
(HDMA+: dimethylamonnium, BDC2−: 1,4-benzenedicarboxilate, DMA: dimethylamine
and DMF: N,N’-dimethylformamide) anionic MOF with Ni2+, Cu2+, Li+, Na+ and K+ ions
was investigated by ICP, CHN, XRD, 1H-NMR and TG analyses. Replacement of the
organic cation with the smaller Li+ ion in 1 leads to an increase in its internal surface area and
methane sorption capacity. By the strategy developed here, we were able to prepare ion
exchanged MOFs with higher surface area and methane sorption capacity capable of
operating at more ambient temperature and pressure.
Keywords: Metal-Organic Framework, methane storage, cation exchange
8
Electrocatalytic Properties of Pd/MWCNT on Carbon
Ceramic Electrode for Formic Acid Oxidation
Biuck Habibi*, Soheila Mohammadyari
Electroanalytical Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry,
Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran,
Email:[email protected]
Abstract
In this research, Palladium nanoparticles were decorated on the MWCNT via chemical rote
by sodium borohydride as a reducing agent; obtained nanocatalyst was coated on the carbon
ceramic electrode and used as an electrocatalyst for oxidation of formic acid. X-ray
diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses were performed for
characterize the nanostructure of the MWCNT-supported Pd catalyst. The fabricated
electrode (Pd/MWCNT/CCE) was used as an anode for the electrooxidation of formic acid
(FA) in 0.1 M H2SO4 solution. It was found that Pd/MWCNT/CCE was catalytically more
active than Pd nanoparticles (alone) supported on the same substrate. On the other hand, the
results showed that the presence of MWCNT greatly enhances the activity of Pd towards the
electrooxidation of FA. Moreover, the Pd/MWCNT/CCE catalyst has satisfactory stability
and reproducibility for electrooxidation of FA when stored in ambient conditions or continues
cycling making it more attractive for fuel cell applications.
Keywords: Electrocatalyst, Electrooxidation, Pd nanoparticle, MWCNT, Carbon-ceramic,
Formic acid fuel cells
9
Hydrogen crossover studies of self-humidifying
nanocomposite membranes based on sPEEK
Parvin Sayadi1, Soosan Rowshanzamir
2
Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Laboratory, Green Research Center, Iran University of Science and
Technology, Narmak, Tehran, Iran. Tel./fax: +98 2177491242
Abstract
In the present study, the self-humidifying nanocomposite membranes based on sulfonated
polyether ether ketone (sPEEK) and Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40 supported Pt catalyst
(Pt-Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40 or Pt-Cs2.5) were fabricated. Fuel crossover is always used to evaluate
the practicability of newly-developed membranes. The research is aimed at stably and
precisely measuring the hydrogen crossover rate of the sPEEK/Pt-Cs2.5 membrane at different
temperature, pressure and humidities. The same experiments were conducted on Nafion117
and the results were compared. Experimental results showed that in both membranes
hydrogen permeation flux had the minimum value at the lower bond of the operating
conditions ie T=40 oC, PH2=40 kPa and RH=40% and the maximum value at the upper bond
ie T=80 oC , PH2=160 kPa and RH=100%. Besides, at the upper bond of the operating
conditions, that obviously is the realistic condition for fuel cell operation, the sPEEK/Pt-Cs2.5
membrane showed lower crossover in comparison to Nafion117.
Keywords: Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC), Hydrogen crossover,
Self-humidifying membrane.
1 MS Student, School of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Secience and Technology.
2 Associate Professor , Green Research Center (GRC) & School of Chemical Engineering (SChE), Iran University of Science & Technology, Narmak, Tehran, 1684613114, Iran, Fax: 73021620, Email: [email protected]
10
Synthesis of Fe catalyst supported on nitrogen doped
graphene for oxygen reduction reaction
Hosna Ghanbarlou 1, Soosan Rowshanzamir
2, Mohammad Javad Parnian
3, Bagher Kazeminasab
4
Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Laboratory, Green Research Center, Iran University of Science and
Technology, Narmak, Tehran, Iran. Tel./fax: +98 2177491242
Abstract
nitrogen-doped graphene (NG) based non precious metal catalyst for oxygen
reduction reaction (ORR) has been successfully fabricated through two simple
synthesis processes. Firstly NG was synthesized by a simple solvothermal method, the
morphology and structure of NG based powder samples were studied using scanning electron
microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and
synthesized NG was also investigated as catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction. In next step
Fe nanoparticles were precipitated on NG using a modified polyol method and
electrocatalytic properties of synthesized catalysts towards oxygen reduction reaction in 0.1
M KOH were investigated. Electrochemical measurements showed that in comparison to NG
alone, Fe/NG catalysts exhibited higher electrocatalytic activity and catalyst performance
was comparable to that of the commercial Pt/C catalyst.
Keywords: Oxygen reduction reaction, Fuel cell, Nitrogen doped graphene, Non precious
catalyst
1 MSc Student, School of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Secience and Technology
2 Associate Professor , Green Research Center (GRC) & School of Chemical Engineering (SChE), Iran University of Science &
Technology, Narmak, Tehran, 1684613114, Iran, Fax: 73021620, Email: [email protected] 3 PhD Student, School of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Secience and Technology.
4 PhD Student, Department of energy engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
11
Investigation of the Carbon corrosion in Catalyst layer for
Polymer electrolyte Fuel cell
Mitra salehi1, Mitra salehi
2
1.Assistant professor, Islamic Azad University, Kerman Branch (Corresponding Author)
2.MSc Student of Civil Eng, Islamic Azad University Tehran branch
[email protected], 09381102588
Abstract
In this study, the durability of the PEM fuel cell electro catalysts was investigated by using
cyclic voltammeter (CV) and rotating disk electrode (RDE) techniques. Generally, the GDL
and catalyst layer of a PEM fuel cell experience three external attacks: dissolution of water,
erosion of gas flow, and corrosion of electric potential. This study focuses on the carbon
corrosion of catalyst layer. The parameters examined for the commercial catalysts were
carbon to Nafion (C/N) ratio in the catalyst ink and Pt loading over the carbon support. This
study confirms that carbon corrosion occurs at the catalyst layer and GDL, which decreased
the operating fuel cells performance. These investigations are studied by Ag/AgCl as the
reference electrode and, a graphite rod as the counter electrode and GC electrode as working
electrode in HCLO4 acidic electrolyte.
Keywords: H2, Fuel cell, Instructions
12
Optimization of dispersion solvent in catalyst Ink of
proton exchange membrane fuel cell
Elham.aliakbarloo1, Mehrnoosh.karimkhani
2
Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, CenteralTehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
The effect of dispersion various organic solvents in catalyst ink proton exchange membrane
fuel cell(PEMFC) are studied. Dispersion solvents under examination are water, ethylene
glycol, ethanol, methanol and acetone. These solvents cover a wide range property of
dielectric constant, boiling points, and viscosity. From the measurements of cyclic
voltammetry and linear scanning voltammetry the suitable solvent was selected. Ethylene
glycol had the highest electrode active area among others. We find that ethylene glycol was
the best dispersion agent among organic solvents tested.
Keywords: Dispersion solvent, cyclic voltammetry, linear scanning voltammetry
1Master of science, Islamic Azad university, Cental Tehran Branch
2Assistant Professor of Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad university, Cental Tehran Branch.
Mehrnoosh [email protected]
13
Electrocatalytic activity of metal nanoparticles supported
on reduced graphene oxide dispersed in conducting
polymer
A. Ehsani, M. Ahmadi
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of science, University of Qom, Qom
E-mail address: [email protected] and [email protected]
Abstract
Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was used to support Cu nanoparticles. As electro-active
electrodes for supercapacitors composites of reduced graphene oxide/ Cu nanoparticles
(rGO/CuNPs ) and poly tyramine (PT) with good uniformity are prepared by
electropolymerization. Composite of rGO/CuNPs -PT was synthesized by cyclic
voltammetry (CV) methods and electrochemical properties of film were investigated by using
electrochemical techniques. The methods of cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical
impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were employed. In comparison with a Cu-PT/G (Graphite),
rGO/CuNPs-PT/G modified electrode shows a significantly higher response for methanol
oxidation.
Keywords: conducting polymer, nanocomposite, rGO/Cu NPs, impedance, electrocatalytic
14
Pt alloy as an electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction
reaction in PEM fuel cell’s gas diffusion electrodes
M. Farajia*, Hussein Gharibi
a
aDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box
14115-175, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
In this work graphene nanosheets (GNSs), reported as a support material for Pt alloy
nanoparticles for oxygen reduction in fuel cells Pt alloy nanoparticles are prepared by
impregnation reduction method and and characterized with scanning electron microscopy,
X-ray diffraction. Pt3Co /GNS exhibits greatly enhanced electrochemical performance than
commercial (ElectroChem Pt/C). These are attributed to the much graphitized degree of GNS
in compare with carbon black and the enhanced Pt3Co -carbon interaction in Pt/GNS.
Keywords graphene; PEM fuel cell; oxygen reduction; Pt nanoparticles:
15
Contact Resistance Improvement between Stainless
Steel Bipolar Plate and GDL using Nano-Clad
E. Alizadeh1, M. Khorshidian
2, M. Ghadimi
2, M. Momeni
2, M. Barzegari
2, H. Saadat
2*
Melek Ashtar University of Technology, Shomal Research Institute of Defense
Science and Technology, 47515373, Iran, Email: [email protected]
Abstract
In proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), investigation of interfacial
contact resistance (ICR) between gas diffusion layer (GDL) and bipolar plates
(BPP) is necessary. Recently, metallic BPPs have been used widely in fuel cells. In
this paper, ICR of Au coated stainless steel (SS) 304 with GDL is studied, and the
results are compared with ICR of uncoated SS 304 sheet. Results reveal that ICR
between GDL and BPPs are highly influenced by the applied contact pressure on
the structure. Au coated SS 304 confirm ICR target of 2015 department of energy
(DOE).
Keywords: PEM fuel cells, Contact resistance, Nano-clad, Stainless steel bipolar
plate
1Assistant Professor, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, [email protected]
2Research fellow, Shomal Research Institute of Defense Science and Technology, MUT, [email protected]
16
Conductive coating based on encapsulated MWNTs
for fuel cell electrodes
Ahmad Nozad golikand١, Iraj Hasanzadeh٢ Mehrdad Teymourzadeh٣
1, 2, 3-Materials research school, NSTRI, Isfahan, Iran
Abstract
At the present study a new series of electrical conductive coatings containing
multiwall carbon nanotube (MWNTs) developed for fuel cell electrodes. Two stage
were adopted; in stage 1 MWNTs modified by feridel-craft acylation reaction and
polymerizable functional groups attached to their surfaces. In stage 2 encapsulated
MWNTs prepared via in situ seeded emulsion polymerization. Possibility of
attaching different functional groups on MWNTs surfaces, beside high electrical
conductivity and exceptional mechanical properties sounds promising future for
such coating in new generation of fuel cells. FT-IR and Thermo Gravimetery
analysis (TGA) were applied to investigation of MWNTs modification.
Transmittance Electron microscopy (TEM) and Laser Light Scattering (LLS)
confirmed preparation of acrylic coated MWNTs. Scanning Electron Microscopy
(SEM) electrical conductivity an, water durability and mechanical properties
studies also revealed the performance of encapsulated MWNTs for electrode
coating in fuel cells.
Keywords: Electrode coating, Fuel cell, encapsulation of MWNTs, in situ seeded
emulsion polymerization
17
Pt/MWCNTs nanocomposite: a durable
electrocatalyst for proton exchange membrane fuel
cells
Farokh Mirzaei 1
, Soosan Rowshanzamir2, Emad Kooshki
1, Mohammad Javad Parnian
3
Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Laboratory, Green Research Center, Iran University of
Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran, Iran. Tel./fax: +98 2177491242
Abstract Extensive research and development efforts are being under taken in recent year in
the field of PEM fuel cell (PEMFC) systems to make them commercially viable.
In proton exchange membrane fuel cells, stability and durability are important
objects for commercialization. It is well-known that catalyst degradation and
carbon-support corrosion are the main factors reducing stability, and using Pt
nanocatalyst on carbon nanotube supports instead of Pt/C increase stability and
durability after long-term aging. In this work, a hydrothermal method was
employed to prepare Pt nanoparticles dispersed highly on multiwalled carbon
nanotubes with 19.4 wt. % Pt. Membrane electrode assembles (MEAs) from tow
catalyst fabricated with thin film method. In fuel cell test station, the polarization,
ac impedance and cyclic voltammetry experiment of MEAs and also ADT test was
done. The Pt/C catalyst showed no activity in fuel cell testing after 2000
potential cycles due to severe carbon corrosion, Pt dissolution, and catalyst
particle sintering. Conversely, the Pt/MWCNT catalyst showed better
electrochemically active surface area and also durability after a potential cycling.
The analysis of ac impedance spectra associated revealed that the presence of
CNTs significantly reduced increasing of activation resistances. The performance
of fresh MEA fabricated from Pt/c was better than fresh Pt/MWCNT MEA, but
after ADT test had more reduce. Loss electrochemical active surface area of Pt/C
catalyst was higher than Pt/MWCNt catalyst due to more catalyst particle
sintering.
Keywords: Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC), durability, ADT
test, Pt nanocatalyst on carbon nanotube supports, performance.
1 MS Student, School of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Secience and Technology. 2 Associate Professor , Green Research Center (GRC) & School of Chemical Engineering (SChE), Iran University of Science & Technology, Narmak, Tehran, 1684613114, Iran, Fax: 73021620, Email: [email protected] 3 PhD Student, School of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Secience and Technology.
18
Zirconium Hydride Synthesis by Electrochemical
Method
Iraj Moradi Gharatloo1,*
, Ahmad Nozad Golikand1, Mohammad Bagher
Fathi2, Iraj Hasanzadeh
1
1-Materials research school, NSTRI, Isfahan, Iran,
2- Solid State Department, Faculty of Physics, Kharazmi University, Karaj, Iran,
37551- 31979
Abstract
In this study the electrochemical hydriding is used for synthesis of zirconium
hydride. This method overcomes major problems of conventional methods of metal
hydride synthesis such as requirement of high pressure and elevated temperature.
Zirconium plate was applied as a cathode of hydrolyzes reaction and atomic
hydrogen produces by the electrolysis of a water solution that directly diffuses into
the cathode and forms metal hydride. Then XRD analysis together with the SEM
characterization of surface confirms ZrH2 formation on the electrode surface.
Keywords: Electrochemical hydring, Hydrogen Storage, Zirconium hydride
19
Manufacture and design of Graphite bipolar plates
for Low power fuel cell stack
Elghar Abdollahi1, Ali Asfia
2, Seyede sanaz Katourani
3
MSc Student, Mechanical Engineering Department, Shahid Rajai Teacher Training
University
Abstract
In this paper the design and manufacture of graphite bipolar plates for fuel cell
stack hydrogen PEM is offering 30 watts. Given the crucial role in the efficiency of
the fuel cell bipolar plates, so it is very important to properly design and
construction. The bipolar plates were modeled by username application. The model
is designed on graphite was carried out with the dimensions 90*75*5mm. Graphite
is made of M6. The way of making bipolar plates is machining method. Using CNC
2.5-axis milling machines, machining parts is done. Dimension of parts was
selected according to the output power stack and material selection according to the
criteria of America Department of Energy .
Keywords: bipolar plates, graphite, manufacture, PEM fuel cell
1 Director of Engineering in Fuel Cell Research Laboratory of SRTTU
2 Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Department, SRTTU of Technology, [email protected]
3 MSc Student, Mechanical Engineering Department, SRTTU of Technology, [email protected]
20
High activity of oxide-promoted Pt nano-particle
catalyst for 2-Butanol electrooxidation in acid
medium
Esmaeil Habibi1 and Maryam Fazli
2
1Young Researchers and Elite Club, Alborz Science and Research Branch, Islamic
Azad University, Karaj, Iran. E-mail: [email protected]
2Department of Chemistry, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran.
Abstract
The α-PbO2 nano-particles were synthesized on the carbon ceramic electrode
(CCE) surface and then platinum nano-particles were incorporated into the oxide
matrix. Next the Pt|α-PbO2|CCE was used for 2-butanol electrooxidation in H2SO4
solution by Cyclic Voltammetry technique and the results compared with Pt|CCE.
The electrocatalysts were characterized by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM),
X-ray diffraction (XRD), Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and cyclic voltammetry
(CV). The Pt|α-PbO2|CCE showed high mass activity for 2-butanol oxidation
reaction in comparison with Pt|CCE.
Keywords: 2-Butanol, Lead oxide, Fuel cell, Platinum.
21
Recent advances in sulfonated poly (ether ether
ketone) based proton exchange membranes for high
temperature fuel cells
Taghiyeh Saririchi1, Soosan Rowshanzamir
2
Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Laboratory, Green Research Center, Iran University of
Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran, Iran. Tel./fax: +98 2177491242
Abstract
Proton exchange membranes (PEMs) play an important role in the fuel cell
systems. A good PEM must meet a series of requirements such as high proton
conductivity, excellent mechanical strength and stability, chemical and
electrochemical stability, low fuel crossover, etc. Nafion is currently the most
commercially utilized electrolyte membranes for polymer electrolyte fuel cells,
with high chemical stability, proton conductivity and strong mechanical properties.
While perfluorinated polymer electrolytes have satisfactory properties for fuel cell
applications, they limit commercial use due to significant high costs as well as
reduced performance at high temperatures and low humidity. A promising
alternative to obtain high performance proton-conducting polymer electrolyte
membranes is through the use of hydrocarbon polymers. SPEEK blends show a
great potential to substitute Nafion in high-temperature operating conditions. In this
paper, we focus on the recent advances in development of novel SPEEK blends that
work well under elevated temperature and/or low relative humidity.
Keywords: Sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone), High Temperature Proton
Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (HT-PEMFC), blends
1 PhD Student, School of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Secience and Technology.
2 Associate Professor , Green Research Center (GRC) & School of Chemical Engineering (SChE), Iran
University of Science & Technology, Narmak, Tehran, 1684613114, Iran, Fax: 73021620, Email: [email protected]
22
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy analyses
of alkaline glycerol fuel cell based on Nobel-metal
nanoparticle anode catalysts
Esmaeil Habibi1, Maryam Fazli
2 and Habib Razmi
3
1Young Researchers and Elite Club, Alborz Science and Research Branch, Islamic
Azad University, Karaj, Iran. E-mail: [email protected]
2Department of Chemistry, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran.
3 Electrochemistry Research Lab., Azarbaijan University of Tarbiat Moallem,
Tabriz, Iran.
Abstract
In the present study, electrooxidation of glycerol was investigated on Au, Pd and Pt
nano particles modified carbon ceramic electrode (CCE) by using Cyclic
voltammetry (CV) and Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Scanning
electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were also employed to
physicochemical survey of the electrocatalysts. The kinetic parameters of glycerol
oxidation, i.e. Tafel slope was determined on the modified electrodes. The Tafel
slopes of 166 mV dec−1
on Pt|CCE, 177 mV dec−1
on Au|CCE and 136 mV dec−1
on
Pd|CCE were obtained. The results showed remarkable electrocatalytic activity and
good poisoning tolerance of Au|CCE and Pd|CCE for glycerol oxidation.
Keywords: Alkaline fuel cell, Glycerol, Gold, Platinum, Palladium.
23
Effect of Different Carbon Supports on the
Electroactivity of Platinum Nano-Particles in a
Direct Methanol Fuel Cell
Esmaeil Habibi1, Maryam Fazli
2 and Habib Razmi
3
1Young Researchers and Elite Club, Alborz Science and Research Branch, Islamic
Azad University, Karaj, Iran. E-mail: [email protected]
2Department of Chemistry, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran.
3 Electrochemistry Research Lab., Azarbaijan University of Tarbiat Moallem,
Tabriz, Iran.
Abstract
In this work we investigated the chemical deposition of Pt nano-particles on the
surface of Graphene (G), MWCN and nC by using NaBH4 reducing agent in
water-ethylene glycol system. First, the Graphene Oxide (GO) was synthesized
from Graphite and next during the reduction of Pt4+
to Pt the GO converted to G. As
a result, the Pt/G catalyst was obtained. Finally, after physicochemical and
electrochemical characterizations of the catalysts they were used for comparatively
oxidation of methanol in acidic medium by using CV, CA and CP methods.
Keywords: Graphene, MWCN, Nano-Carbon, Platinum, Direct Methanol Fuel
Cell.
24
Using the Palladium as core and Platinum as shell
for ORR
Masoumeh javaheri1
Ceramic department, Materials and Energy Research Center, Karaj, Iran
E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract
In this work, electrocatalyst with core- shell structure was synthesis. This
structure not only can be reduced the amount of platinum but also increased the
performance of gas diffusion electrode (GDE) for cathodic reaction (Oxygen
Reduction Reaction) of polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEMFC). In core- shell
structure, the Pd was used as core and Pt was used as shell on VulcanXC-72R. For
this mean, one series of electrocatalyst with different molar ratio of metals
(Pd@Pt), was prepared and applied in electrode fabrication. The used synthesis
method was impregnation with hydrothermal. The performance of the electrodes in
ORR was studied by linear sweep voltametery (LSV), electrochemical impedance
spectroscopy (EIS), chronoamperometery techniques. Inductive coupled plasma
(ICP), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM)
techniques was used for characterization of electrocatalyst. The results indicate that
the electrocatalyst with 3:1 molar ratio for Pt:Pd is the best for Orr. This result can
be attributed to the positive effect of Pd, particle size and catalyst distribution on
substrate, that consequently, provide the best three phase zone.
Keywords: core- shell structure, polymer electrolyte fuel cell, Oxygen Reduction
Reaction, Pt, Pd.
25
Application of Pt nanoparticles modified glassy
carbon electrode for electrooxidation of
formaldehyde
Jahan-Bakhsh Raoofa,*
, Sayed Reza Hosseinib, Sharifeh Rezaee
a
a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of
Mazandaran, Postal Code: 47416-95447, Babolsar, Iran
b Nanochemistry Research Laboratory, Faculty of Chemistry, University of
Mazandaran, Postal Code: 47416-95447, Babolsar, Iran
Abstract
In this research, through a cheap and efficient method based on spontaneous
process between PtCl62-
and nickel nanoparticles were electrodeposited onto glassy
carbon electrode (GCE) denoted as Pt-NPs/MGCE. The general electrochemical
behavior towards electrocatalytic oxidation of formaldehyde on Pt nanoparticles
has been investigated by cyclic voltammetry in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution. The results
indicate that the Pt-NPs/MGCE shows excellent electrocatalytic performance
towards the formaldehyde oxidation. The effects of long-term stability scan rate
and formaldehyde concentration on its electrocatalytic oxidation were also
investigated at the surface of Pt-NPs/MGCE.
Keywords: Formaldehyde; Pt nanoparticles; Glassy carbon electrode;
Electrocatalytic oxidation galvanic replacement reaction
* Corresponding author. Tel.: +98-112-5342392; fax: +98-112-5342350
E-mail address: [email protected] (J.-B. Raoof).
26
Physioelectrochemical investigation of
polytyramine composite film as an anode material
in fuel cell
A. Ehsania, M.G. Mahjani
b
aDepartement of Chemistry,Faculty of Science, Qom university, Qom , Iran
bDepartement of Chemistry,Faculty of Science, K. N. Toosi University of
Technology,
E-mail address: [email protected] and [email protected] (A. Ehsani).
Abstract
We describe the advantages of a novel method of electrochemical preparation of
poly tyramine (PT), based on the ability of anionic surfactants to form micelles in
aqueous media. Ni (II) ions were incorporated to electrode by immersion of the
polymeric modified electrode having amine group in Ni (II) ion solution. Surface
morphology of the film was studied by surface microscopy techniques (SEM). The
presence of Nickel in the films was confirmed by EDS analysis. Theoretical
calculations for Ni- polymerization were carried out at density functional theory
(DFT) level using the 6–31G (d,p) basis set for all atoms with Gaussian 03 program
package. Furthermore experimental absorbance spectra of PT/NiO compared with
results obtained from the Maxwell-Garnett theory (MGT) and the value of energy
Eg of composite was determined Eg=3.75eV. Modified graphite electrodes
(G/Ni-PT and G/Ni-SDS-PT) were examined for their redox process and
electrocatalytic activities towards the oxidation of methanol in alkaline solutions.
With respect to G/Ni- PT, G/Ni-SDS-PT electrode shows a higher catalytic
performance for the electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol.
Keywords: Methanol, Electrocatalytic, conducting polymer, DFT, fuel cell.
27
Ethanol Oxidation on Poly methylene blue/Poly
pyrrole Bilayer Modified with Nickel
Nano-particles
Niloufar Bahrami Panah*,1
, Forough Bayati Marghmaleki2
Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, PO BOX 19395-3697
Tehran, IRAN
Abstract
In this work, a bilayer of poly methylene blue/poly pyrrole modified with nickel
nano-particles was electro-synthesised on platinum electrode and its
electrocatalytic property for oxidation of ethanol was investigated using
electrochemical techniques (electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic
voltammetry). The morphology of the prepared nano-composite was confirmed by
scanning electron microscopy method. Nickel nano-particles were dispersed on the
bilayer by chronoamperometry method in a solution of nickel chloride.
Electrocatalytic oxidation of ethanol was studied on poly methylene blue/poly
pyrrole bilayer-nickel nano-composite solution in a solution of NaOH. It was
shown that the bilayer-nickel nano-composite has a considerably electrocatalytic
property for ethanol oxidation.
Keywords: Ethanol oxidation, Poly methylene blue/poly pyrrole bilayer, Nickel
nano-particles.
1Assistant Professor
2 M.Sc. Student, Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, PO BOX 19395-3697 Tehran, IRAN,
28
A novel organic/inorganic nanocomposite
membranes based on Poly vinyl alcohol for PEM
fuel cell
Khadijeh Hooshyari, Mehran Javanbakht*, Morteza Enhessari
Department of Chemistry, Renewable Energy Research Center, Amirkabir
University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
PVA (poly vinyl alcohol)-La2Ce2O7 (PVA-LC) nanocomposite membranes with
the aim of increasing the water uptake and proton conductivity, have been prepared
with solutions casting method. Glutaraldehyde (GA) was used as cross linking
agent. The nanocomposite membranes were characterized using FT-IR, scanning
electron microscopy (SEM) and AC impedance spectroscopy (IS). The results
exhibited that the proton conductivity and the water uptake of the nanocomposite
membranes because of hydrophilic properties of La2Ce2O7 nanoparticles were
higher than that of the PVA membrane. PVA-LC nanocomposite membranes
containing 4 wt. % of La2Ce2O7 nanoparticles displayed higher water uptake
(170℅) and proton conductivity (0.019 S/cm) than PVA membranes.
Keywords: PEM fuel cell, PVA (poly vinyl alcohol), Nanocomposite membranes,
Proton conductivity
29
BaZrO3 nanopowders for improving the
performance of polymer electrolyte membranes
Abdol Mohammad Attarana,*
, Mehran Javanbakhtb,c*
, Khadijeh Hooshyarib,c
,
Morteza Enhessarid
a) Department of Chemistry, Payamenoor University, Delijan, Iran
b) Department of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
c) Department of Chemistry, Renewable Energy Research Center, Amirkabir
University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
d) Department of Chemistry, Naragh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Naragh, Iran
Abstract
In this work, BaZrO3 nanoparticles as mixed metal oxides, with provision of strong
acid sites and good hydrophilic nature were used for the preparation of
organic-inorganic proton exchange membranes. PVA (poly vinyl alcohol)-BaZrO3
(PB) and PVA-PVP (poly vinyl pyrrolidone)-BaZrO3 (PPB) nanocomposite
membranes have been prepared with solutions casting method. Glutaraldehyde
(GA) was used as cross linking agent. The nanocomposite membranes were
characterized by using AC impedance spectroscopy (IS), Fourier transform infrared
spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy
dispersive x-ray (EDX), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and tensile
strength (TS). The results showed that the good water uptake and proton
conductivity of the PB and PPB nanocomposite membranes respect to the PVA
based membrane. PPB nanocomposite membranes containing 1 wt % of BaZrO3
nanoparticles demonstrated high water uptake (230℅) and proton conductivity
(1.85 ×10-2
S/cm).
Keywords: PEMFC; Poly vinyl alcohol; Poly vinyl pyrrolidone; Nanocomposite;
Proton exchange membrane; Proton conductivity.
30
Electrooxidations of acetaldehyde using PtSn/C and
PtSnO2/C catalysts
S. Sadeghia,1
*, H. Gharibia
a Department of Chemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, P.O. Box
14115-175, Iran
Abstract
In this study, the electrochemical oxidation of acetaldehyde was investigated at
binary PtSn and PtSnO2 catalysts with atomic ratio of 75:25 were deposited onto
carbon using modified alcohol-reduction process. An electrochemical study in
acetaldehyde and acid medium showed that the PtSnO2 catalyst had a better
performance compared with the PtSn catalyst. The CV analysis indicate that the
presence of SnO2 increase the activity of catalyst to oxidation of acetaldehyde and
have a low onset potential (about 200 mV) for the electrooxidation of adsorbed
acetaldehyde than PtSn. However, for the overall oxidation of acetaldehyde, the
PtSnO2/C catalyst is favorable for the activation of C-C bond breaking, thereby
generating higher current density (mass activity) at higher potentials.
Keywords: Tin Oxide, Acetaldehyde Oxidation.
*Tel.: +98 2182884420
E-mail addresses: [email protected] (S. Sadeghi),[email protected] (H. Gharibi)
31
Synthesis of Silver Palladium alloy based on
graphene for alkaline anionic membrane fuel cell
Karim Kakaei*1
, Amin Balavandi1,
Maryam Dorraji1, Kamran Marzang
1
1Department of physical Chemistry and Nano chemistry, Faculty of Science,
University Of Maragheh, P.O. Box. 55181-83111, Maragheh, Iran
Abstracts
We report a PdAg/graphene catalyst for the ethanol oxidation in alkaline media.
Graphene is synthesized from graphite electrodes using ionic liquid-assisted
electrochemical exfoliation. Graphene-supported Pd-Ag electrocatalystis then
reduced by ethylene glycol with as a stabilizing agent to prepare highly dispersed
PdAg nanoparticles on carbon graphene to use as ethanol oxidation in direct ethanol
fuel cell (DEFC) catalysts. X-ray diffractometer and scanning electron microscopy
technique are used to investigate the crystallite size and the surface morphologies
respectively. The electrochemical characteristics of the
PdAg/graphene,Pd/graphene and Sn/graphene catalysts are investigated by cyclic
voltammetry (CV) in nitrogen saturated sulfuric acid aqueous solutions and in
mixed sulfuric acid and ethanol aqueous solutions. The catalytic activities of the
PtAg/graphene,Pt/grapheneand Sn/ graphene electrodes for ethanol oxidation is
800 A g-1
Pd and 400 and 0 A g-1
Pd, which can be revealed the particularproperties
of the exfoliated graphene supports and PdAg alloy. Furthermore, PtAg/graphene
exhibited a better sensitivity,signal-to-noise ratio, and stability than commercial
Pd/graphene.
Keyword: alkaline fuel cell, ethanol oxidation, platinum silver nanoparticle
* 1Corresponding author. Tel.: +98-421-2276068, fax: +98-421-2276066
E-mail address: [email protected] , [email protected] (Karim Kakaei)
32
Synthesis and electrochemical behavior studies of
graphene support in PEMFC
Ahmad heydari1, Hussein gharibi
2 and fatemeh yasi
3
Department of chemistry, faculty of basic sciences, tarbiat modares university,
Tehran, Iran
Abstract
In this work, graphene support was synthesized by modified hummer method and
C-graphene composed of core graphene and carbon shells was prepared to obtain a
new type of carbon support materials. Carbon shells containing nitrogen groups
were prepared by coating polyaniline (PANI) onto graphene by in situ
polymerization with ammonium per sulfate and subsequent carbonization at 250 ◦C
in oxygen atmosphere and then at 850 ◦C in nitrogen atmosphere. After
carbonization, the C-graphene contained nitrogen atoms showed electro chemical
activity for ethanol oxidation in acidic media; Raman ,IR and XRD spectroscopy
indicated that the graphene was synthesized and doped with nitrogen. After
preparation of support, Pt nanoparticles deposited on the new support. The
performance of the electro catalysts for the ORR was measured by electrochemical
techniques and the results show that the new support had better performance for
fuel cell reactions.
Keywords: graphene, pt nanoparticle, fuel cell, nitrogen doped
1 phd student of physical chemistry in tarbiat modares university
2 professor of physical chemistry in Tarbiat Modares University. Email: [email protected]
3 phd student of physical chemistry in tarbiat modares university. Email: [email protected]
33
Electrochemical manufacturing of graphene and its
decoration with nano Pt-Sn alloy for ethanol
oxidation in DEFCs
Karim Kakaei*1
, Kamran Marzang1,
Amin Balavandi1,
1Department of physical Chemistry and Nano chemistry, Faculty of Science,
University Of Maragheh, P.O. Box. 55181-83111, Maragheh, Iran
Abstracts
We report a PtSn/graphene catalyst for the ethanol oxidation in acidic media.
Graphene is synthesized from graphite electrodes using ionic liquid-assisted
electrochemical exfoliation. Graphene-supported Pt Sn electrocatalyst is then
reduced by ethylene glycol with as a stabilizing agent to prepare highly dispersed Pt
nanoparticles on carbon graphene to use as ethanol oxidation in direct ethanol fuel
cell (DEFC) catalysts. X-ray diffractometer and scanning electron microscopy
technique are used to investigate the crystallite size and the surface morphologies
respectively. The electrochemical characteristics of the PtSn/graphene, Pt/graphene
and Sn/graphene catalysts are investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) in nitrogen
saturated sulfuric acid aqueous solutions and in mixed sulfuric acid and ethanol
aqueous solutions. The catalytic activities of the PtSn/graphene , Pt/graphene and
Sn/ grapheme electrodes for ethanol oxidation is 900 A g-1
Pt and 605 and 0 A g-1
Pt, which can be revealed the particular properties of the exfoliated graphene
supports and PtSn alloy. Furthermore, PtSn/graphene exhibited a better sensitivity,
signal-to-noise ratio, and stability than commercial Pt/graphene.
Keyword: DEFC, synergism, platinum alloy nanoparticles
* 1Corresponding author. Tel.: +98-421-2276068, fax: +98-421-2276066
E-mail address: [email protected] , [email protected] (Karim Kakaei)
34
Effect of Pt: Pd atomic ratio in Pt-Pd/C
electrocatalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel
cells
Fatemeh Yasi1, Hussein Gharibi
2 and Ahmad Heydari
3
Faculty of Basic Sciences, Departmanet of Chemistry
Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract
Electrocatalytic activity of carbon supported Pt-Pd alloy electrocatalysts of
different Pt Pdx atomic ratios (x = 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2) formed by the impregnation
synthesis method, was investigated with regard to the oxygen reduction reaction
(ORR) in sulforic acid solution. To improve the utilization and activity of cathodic
catalysts for ORR reaction, the alloy nanoparticles were loaded on the mixture of
Vulcan XC-72 and (1:3), which were functionalized in the mixture of 96% sulfuric
acid and 4-aminobenzenesulfonic acid using sodium nitrite to produce intermediate
diazonium salts from substituted anilines. The performance of the electrodes for the
ORR was measured using electrochemical techniques, inductive coupled plasma
(ICP), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). For
the synthesized Pt Pdx/C electrocatalysts, the highest catalytic activity for the ORR,
was found for a Pt:Pd atomic ratio of 2:1 in acidic media.
Keywords: Pt-Pd/C, modified carbon support ORR, PEM fuel cell.
1 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran 2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran, E-mail address:
[email protected] 3 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran, E-mail address:
35
Development of an advanced MEA to use in a
passive direct methanol fuel cell system
Farhad Golmohammadi1, Hussein Gharibi
2, Mehdi Kheirmand
3
1,2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tarbiat Modares University,
Tehran, Iran
3Department of physical chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yasouj University, Yasouj,
Iran, [email protected]
Abstract
In this paper, we report the use of binary carbon supports for fabricating membrane
electrode assembly (MEA) of passive direct methanol fuel cells (PDMFCs) and
their detailed electrochemical characterization. The binary-support electrode
exhibits better performance than the single-support electrode. The results from the
electrode kinetic parameters indicate that introduction of MWCNTs as a secondary
support provides high accessible surface area, good electronic conductivity, and
fast ORR kinetics. Comparison of kinetic parameters obtained show that the
improvement is not only due to the increased catalyst active surface area, but also
attributed to the enhanced kinetics, which is further supported by the decreased
activation energy for ORR on binary-support electrode. The test results show that
formation of the optimal combination of MWCNT and VC support is favorable to
improve the stability and durability.
Keywords: Binary carbon supports, Cell performance, Passive Direct Methanol
Fuel Cells (PDMFCs).
36
Dispersion of graphene in aqueous solutions with
conventional and gemini surfactants
H. Moradi1, J. Kakemam
2, S. Javadian
3,*
4
* Department of Chemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
A method is presented and optimized to produce graphene dispersions, stabilized in
water by the conventional and gemini surfactant, as a class of two-dimensional
allotrope of carbon-based materials which can be used as ideal candidates for next
generation energy conversion and storage devices in fuel cell systems. The
surfactants contribute in graphite oxidation and graphene dispersion through two
ways which include the reduction of surface energy of the system and supplying
energy to separate the graphite layers, by overcoming the van der waals attraction
forces between layers, and absorbing at graphene layers making a an electrostatic
repulsion which leads to the stability of formed graphene associations. The
surfactant type and concentration and also the centrifugation rate were optimized to
obtain the most stable graphene. Three types of conventional, Triton X-100, and
ester containing gemini surfactants, esterquat and betainat gemini surfactants, were
compared from the standpoint of graphene dispersion efficiency and the stability of
obtained graphene. The high efficiency of TX-100 and studied gemini surfactants
were attributed to the aromatic ring of TX-100 and its π-π stocking interaction with
graphene and contribution of two hydrophobic tail groups to cause a steric
repulsion and van der waals attraction with graphene respectively. The zeta
potential distributions for graphene were measured at the natural pH of the
dispersionin which +56mVand 47 mV were obtained for Esterquat and betainat
respectively in which a zeta potential of greater than 15 mV indicates that the
dispersed colloidal system is stable. The process uses low power sonication for long
times followed by centrifugation to yield stable dispersions. Raman spectroscopy
shows the flake bodies to be relatively defect-free for centrifugation rates at 3000
rpm.
Keywords: Graphene, Dispersion, Gemini surfactants, Esterquat, Zeta potential.
1 Msc student of physical chemistry, Tarbiat Modares university ([email protected])
2 PhD student of physical chemistry, Tarbiat Modares university ([email protected])
3 Associate Professor of physical chemistry, Tarbiat Modares university (Tel: +98 2182883477)
37
Performance evaluation of a solid oxide fuel
cell-micro gas turbine (SOFC-MGT) hybrid system
Tayebeh Soltani* and Mohammad Ali Fanaei
Department of Chemical Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
Abstract
In this paper the performance of a combined solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) with a
micro gas turbine (MGT) system is numerically investigated. Mathematical lumped
model of SOFC/MGT system is built with Matlab environment, considering mass
balance, energy balance, chemical and electrochemical reactions and
electrochemical losses .Hybrid system is modeled and analyzed from thermal
(energy and exergy) points of view. The present paper aims to study the impression
of various parameters on solid oxide fuel cell/micro gas turbine (SOFC/MGT)
hybrid system’s exergy efficiency. The main parameters investigated include:
SOFC pressure (PSOFC), steam reformer temperature (T10), anode exhaust recycle
ratio (K), fuel utilization factor (Uf), air and steam flow rate ( . The
results indicate that increase in PSOFC, Uf, T10, K, improves the
efficiency of the combined heat power system.
Keywords: Solid oxide fuel cell, Micro gas turbine, Lumped model, Exergy efficiency
38
Study of nano-MnO2 effects on the oxygen
reduction/evolution reaction
Rasol Abdullah Mirzaie1, Mohammad safi Rahmanifar2*,Nasrin Farshadi1, Maryam Azamian1
1- Fuel cell Research Laboratory, Dep. Of chemistry, Faculty of science, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, IRAN
Email address: [email protected]
2- Faculty of Basic Science, Shahed University, Tehran, IRAN
Abstract
In this study the effect of porosity parameter of electocatalyst on efficiency of gas
diffusion electrode (GDE) in Zinc-Air semi fuel cell (ZAsFC) was investigated.
The mesoporous manganese oxide microspheres were synthesized via a facile
method based on the reaction between KMnO4 and MnSO4 in HNO3 solution at
50◦C. The synthesized catalyst was studied with Linear Sweep Voltammetry (LSV)
and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) for for oxygen
reduction/evolution reaction. The prepared manganese oxide was investigated in
comparison with traditional manganese oxide (Merck) for oxygen
reduction/evolution reaction. The results revealed that the synthesized mesoporous
MnO2 is a good choice for oxygen reduction and evolution reaction. In optimized
condition, exchange current density for oxygen reduction and evolution reaction
were improved 4 and 10 times respect to traditional catalyst, respectively.
Keywords: Oxygen reduction/evolution reactions, Mesoporous manganese
oxide, gas diffusion electrode, Zn–air semi fuel cell.
39
CFD based two-phase modeling of PEM fuel cell
under low humidity conditions
Ebrahim Afshari
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of
Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
Abstract
A two-dimension, two-phase and non-isothermal model is developed to investigate
water transfer in a polymer electrolyte fuel cell and their effects on cell
performance. The numerical model accounts for two-phase flow and transport of
species using multiphase mixture formulation to efficiently model the two-phase
transport processes, where fuel cell is taken as a single domain. This process is
leading to a single set of conservation equations consisting of continuity,
momentum, species, potential and energy which is applicable for all regions. The
result indicates that flooding of porous cathode reduces the rate of oxygen transport
to the cathode catalyst layer and causes an increase in cathode polarization.
Furthermore, the humidification level at the cathode inlet, effect on two-phase flow,
transport characteristics and PEM fuel cell performance has been investigated. The
results are in good agreement with previous work and it is validated with
experimental data available
Keywords: PEM Fuel cell, Two-phase, Flooding, CFD
40
Numerical Simulation of a Membrane Humidifier
with Porous Metal Foam as Flow Distributor, for
PEM Fuel Cell Systems
N. Baharlou Houreh1, E. Afshari
2
* Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of
Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran, P.O. Box 81746-73441, [email protected]
Abstract
Using porous metal foam as flow distributor in membrane humidifier has some
unprecedented characteristics including more area efficiency to water transfer,
lower manufacturing complexity and lower cost compared to the conventional flow
channel plate. In this study a three-dimensional CFD model is developed to
investigate the performance of a membrane humidifier with metal foam. This
model has a set of coupled equations including conservations of mass, momentum,
species and energy for all regions of humidifier. The results indicate that using
porous metal foam leads to an increase in water concentration and dew point at the
dry side outlet, indicating better humidifier performance. In metal foam humidifier
the temperature difference between the dry and wet sides in each cross- sections
approaches to zero that leads to an increase in membrane durability.
Keywords: Membrane humidifier, Metal foam, Three-dimensional, PEM fuel cell,
CFD
1 MSc Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Isfahan,
[email protected] 2 Assistant Professor
41
Two dimensional model of solid oxide fuel cell
Mehdi Mehrpooya1, Sepide Akbarpour
2 and Ali Vatani
2
1Renewable Energies and Environment department, Faculty of New Sciences and
Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2School of Chemical Engineering, University College of Engineering, University of
Tehran, P.O.Box: 11365-4563, Tehran, Iran.
[email protected], [email protected]
Abstract
This paper, presents a two dimensional finite difference model of planar Solid
Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) with respect to co and counter-flow configuration. In
this work, SOFC is divided into five control-volumes (fuel and air channel, PEN
structure, fuel side interconnect and air side interconnect). Electrochemical model
are discussed and parameters such as electrochemical reaction and polarization
losses are debated. The equations are finite difference integral forms that were
analyzed based on the finite volume form. Number of the finite volumes should be
defined by the user and the more the finite volumes cause the more accurate model.
for each nodes in the control volumes electrochemical model were written. Each
node contains Vcell , Vohm , Vconc and Vact or, can be said that each node contains
voltage and different polarizations. Also effect of the effective and important
parameters such as temperature and current density on voltage and effect density on
electric power for both configurations are investigated. Moreover effect of current
density on different polarization is discussed. The result showed that temperature
increase the voltage. The optimum current density is calculated as 0999(A/m2) (co
and counter-flow) also increasing the fuel utilization leads to decrease the voltage
in both configuration.
Keywords: finite difference, solid oxide fuel cell, mass transfer, Heat transfer,
electrochemical, polarization
1. - Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran.
2. - School of Chemical Engineering, University College of Engineering, University of Tehran,
3. - Third and other Author Position and Affiliation and E-mail
42
Thermodynamic investigation of the proton
conductivity of a phosphoric acid-doped
polybenzimidazole membrane
Zohre Taherkhani1, Mahdi Abdollahi
2* and Alireza Sharif
3*
Polymer Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat
Modares University
Abstract
An ionic conductivity equation was combined with a thermodynamic model for
predicting the proton conductivity of a phosphoric acid-doped polybenzimidazole
(H3PO4-doped mPBI) membrane. Proton diffusion coefficient and proton
conductivity were calculated at different temperatures. It was found that with
increasing the temperature, the diffusion coefficient and conductivity of proton
enhance and the temperature dependence of conductivity of H3PO4-doped mPBI
membrane follows the simple Arrhenius behavior. A good agreement was also
observed between the theoretical and experimental data at temperatures less than 80
ºC. However, some deviations from experimental data were observed at high
temperatures. This can be attributed to the existence of some specific interactions
between the phosphoric acid and polybenzimidazole whose effects were not
included in the chemical potential and interaction parameter equations.
Keywords: proton conductivity prediction, thermodynamic model, proton
diffusion coefficient, H3PO4-doped mPBI membrane.
1 PhD Student 2 Assistant professor, Polymer Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University.
Email: [email protected] 3 Assistant professor, Polymer Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University.
Email: [email protected]
43
Energy and Exergy Study and Optimization of a
SOFC Cogeneration System for Residential
Applications
Hassan Hassanzadeh1, Mohamad Ali Farzad
2
University of birjand, End of Aviny st., Birjand, Southern Khorasan
Abstract
It is expected that the traditional heat and power production systems in residential
sector are substituted by cogeneration systems in the near of future. Between
different cogeneration systems, fuel cell based systems are a suitable choice due to
high efficiency, high power density, low emission and noise. In this article a
cogeneration system based on soiled oxide fuel cell were examined on energy and
exergy basis at first, then by means of optimization algorithms and defining of three
different goal function, the operation of the system were optimized. The results
show that the most change of flow exergy is in fuel channel of fuel cell stack and
most irreversibility is due to recovery, catalyst burner and fuel cell. Among the
internal components, air compressor is the biggest internal power consumer.
Keywords: Solid Oxide Fuel Cell, Cogeneration, Optimization, Exergy Analysis
1- Professor assistant of Mechanics engineering faculty
2- Mechanical engineer, Kavir Tire factory, [email protected]
44
Non-isothermal and non-isobaric modeling of
two-phase flow in the cathode GDL of PEM fuel cell
Hassan Hassanzadeh1, Seyed Hadi Golkar
2
University of birjand, End of Aviny st., Birjand, Southern Khorasan
Abstract
In this paper a two-phase flow in the cathode gas diffusion layer (GDL) of PEM
fuel cell is modeled. This model is non-isothermal and non-isobaric. For using
more accurate boundary conditions, other components of fuel cell are modeled.
Basic equations included energy, mass and momentum conservation equations that
are solved by finite difference method. For validation, the program results are
compared with the experimental data in the literatures. Results show that with
increasing the cathode channel pressure, the membrane water content increase,
therefore ohmic loss decrease and the fuel cell performance improve. Temperature
distribution curve in fuel cell shows that maximum temperature occurs in the
cathode catalyst layer and with increasing the pressure in the cathode channel, the
maximum temperature decreases. Effect of pressure change in the anode channel is
opposite of the cathode channel.
Keywords: PEM fuel cell, Two-phase flow, Non-isothermal
1- Professor assistant of Mechanical engineering faculty 2 -B.S. Student of Mechanical engineering, Birjand University, [email protected]
45
Novel Cooling Flow Field for Polymer Electrolyte
Membrane Fuel Cell
E. Alizadeh1, H. Saadat
2*, M. Rahgoshay
2, Y. Vazifehshenas
2, M. Rahimi
2, M.
Khorshidian2,
Melek Ashtar University of Technology, Shomal Research Institute of Defense
Science and Technology, 47515373, Iran, Email: [email protected]
Abstract
Efficient operation of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is critically
associated to effective cooling system. Designing a cooling system requires
significant challenges in regard to the narrow range of operating temperatures. In
this effort, new cooling flow fields are numerically investigated in order to clarify
the sufficient design for the heat removal. Numerical simulation is applied to
investigate the coolant flow distribution and thermal behavior of different models.
The temperature contours represent the temperature uniformity for the assessed
cases.
Keywords: PEM Fuel cell, Cooling Flow Field, Thermal Behavior, Pressure Drop.
1Assistant Professor, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, [email protected]
2Research fellow, Shomal Research Institute of Defense Science and Technology, MUT, [email protected]
46
Development of Fault Tree Method for Reliability
Analysis of PEM Fuel Cell
E. Alizadeh1, M. Khorshidian
2, H. Saadat
2*, A. Abbasi
2
Melek Ashtar University of Technology, Shomal Research Institute of Defense
Science and Technology, 47515373, Iran, Email: [email protected]
Abstract
A fuel cell produces electricity and water through the reaction of fuel and oxidant,
and is considered as an efficient power source amongst the prevalent sources.
Hence, reliability analysis of fuel cells is worthy and qualifies the use of this kind of
power source. Different parameters associate with defining the amount of fuel cell
reliability. Generally, these parameters relate to a single cell. Considering that, in
this effort quantitative amount of reliability for different components of a single cell
is calculated through investigating the reasons for their degradation. In order for
model validation, the results are compared with the data from Siemens company
fuel cell. The comparison represents good agreement of the results and so the
utilized model is acceptable for calculation
Keywords: Fault Tree, MEA, Reliability, Fuel Cell System, BZM34
1Assistant Professor, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, [email protected] 2Research fellow, Shomal Research Institute of Defense Science and Technology, MUT, [email protected]
47
Quasi-Dimensional Modeling of the Cathode of a
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cell
and study design parameters on its performance
R.Honarkhah1, Y.Bakhshan
2, M.Sadeghi
3
Department of Mechanical Eng.-University of Hormozgan
Abstract
In this study, an in-house code has been developed to simulate the activation loss
and concentration loss and ohmic losses of the components of a polymer electrolyte
membrane (PEM) fuel cell such as, its membrane, gas diffusion layer and bipolar
plate. The governing equations on catalyst layer of fuel cell for calculating the fuel
cell voltage have been solved. Also, parametric studies to consider the effects of
parameters such as, porosity coefficient of gas diffusion layer, saturation of gas
layer, gas diffusion layer thickness, the amount of platinum mass on the surface of
cathode layer, the degree of membrane penetration in catalyst layer, and the degree
of saturation at the cathode catalyst layer on the fuel cell performance and it’s
activation loss have been conducted. The results show that the degree of saturation
in the cathode catalyst layer has the most effect on the activation loss of fuel cell
and its performance.
Keywords: Gas diffusion layer, Cathode catalyst layer, Polymer membrane, Fuel
cell voltage, Activation loss, Formulation
1-Phd Student
2-Assistant Of Professor, Department of Mechanical Eng.-University of Hormozgan, [email protected]
3-Bachelor Of Mechanical Engineering, [email protected]
48
Adsorption of H2 on graphene induced by the
interplay of SiO2 substrate: A first principles study
S. Majid Hashemianzadeh1, Mehdi Sabzali
2 and Sara Roosta
3
Iran university of science and technology, Department of chemistry
Abstract
The effect of SiO2 substrate on the adsorption of H2 molecule on grapheme is
studied using density functional theory. Both physisorption and chemisorption
phenomena can be found, which are mainly caused by the covalent C–O bonds, the
broken symmetry, and the local corrugations induced by SiO2. The electronic
structures of the system are significantly influenced after H2 adsorption, enhancing
the detection of H2. This work explains the experiments of graphene as gas sensors
with high sensitivity, and supports new applications for electronic, spintronic
devices.
Keywords: H2, Graphene, Substrate effect, Density functional theory, Adsorption
1 Associate professor
2 Master of science, Iran university of science and technology,[email protected]
3 Master of science, Iran university of science and technology,[email protected]
49
A computational study: Interaction of Hydrogen
and three cations of group IA within B16N16
Sima Mehdi Shishvan1*, Javad Beheshtian
2
Department of Chemistry, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, P.O. Box
16875-163, Tehran, Iran
Corresponding Author E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract
The purpose of the present work is to investigate interaction energies and band
gaps of 3 members of group IA and Hydrogen in the form of cationic within
B16N16 i.e. Li+@ B16N16, Na+@ B16N16, K+@B16N16 and H+@ B16N16 by DFT/
B3LYP/6-311G (D, P) with Gaussian 09 software in the Gaseous phase. Among the
structures, the most and the least amount of Interaction energy are related to the
hydrogen and potassium cations that are located within B16N16 respectively. By
placing three cations of the group I within the structure B16N16, decreasing in the
energy gap of them does not happen significantly but this decreasing in the energy
gap of H+@ B16N16 is very impressive. So that, this structure is likely placed in the
category of semiconductors.
Keywords: B16N16 Nano fullerene; Density functional theory; interaction; group
IA & Hydrogen cations; band gap; semiconductor.
50
Investigation of methanol oxidation on Pt9 and
Graphene using density functional theory method
Rasol Abdullah Mirzaie, Elena Yashmi, Javad Beheshtian
Dep of chemistry,Faculty of science,Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training
University,Tehran ,Iran
Abstract:
In recent decades a lot of efforts have been done for studying the reactions of
DMFC, because Methanol has unique properties such as: reaction in low
temperature, easy storage and transportation, low price, high electron density (197
kcal/mol ) which leads to conversion of 100% of methanol to Carbon Mono
Oxide and etc… For these reasons we did our on Methanol fuel was studied in this
work. But one of the problems of using Methanol is the poisonous of Carbon
Mono Oxide. So finding a suitable electrode for reducing anode poisoning is one of
our goals. Oxidation of methanol on Graphene /Pt was carried using DFT
calculations. For this purpose at first, Graphene and Pt connected atoms were
simulated, then Pt atoms were inserted on Graphene and the structures have been
optimized. The process of oxidization of Methanol was done through two methods
of dissociation of C-H and O-H correlations. The optimized activity of electro-
catalyst depends on the speed of dissociation of C-H and O-H correlations in low
temperature. Then it was determined that which method has the best energy
absorption and the best method was introduced.
Keywords: DMFC, Oxidation of methanol, DFT
51
Exergy analysis of an external reforming solid oxide fuel
cell-micro gas turbine (SOFC-MGT) hybrid system
Tayebeh Soltani* and Mohammad Ali Fanaei
Department of Chemical Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to analyze methane-fed external reforming solid oxide fuel
cell–gas turbine (SOFC-GT) power generation system in order to indicate the
thermodynamic losses in each unit and to assess the work potentials of the streams
of matter. For this purpose by simulating each single elements, for instance,
compressors, heat exchangers, fuel reformer, combustion chamber, and fuel cell
stack through independent box, hybrid system is analyzed from exergy points of
view. The results indicate that, although fuel cell is an efficient device, it is the main
source of exergy destruction in the cycle, moreover a sensitivity analysis
demonstrate that among various operating parameters increasing reformer
temperature is more efficient in decreasing exergy destruction it is due to increase
in output power of the fuel cell.
Keywords: External reforming, Solid oxide fuel cell–gas turbine, Exergy
52
Developing an inquiry- based fuel cell experiment
Masoumeh Ghalkhani1
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training
University, Lavizan, Tehran, Iran, ([email protected])
Abstract
Participation of students in the lab design enhances their learning through
discovery-based learning method. Considering the benefits of discovery-based
learning opportunities on student’s outcomes, incorporation of such activities in
laboratory programs would be very helpful. An inquiry-based experiment is
described in which an inexpensive fuel cell is constructed using saline solution as
electrolyte and platinum wires as the electrodes. This laboratory work is designed
to expose students to fuel cell technology, increase their knowledge about
electrochemical cells and augment their interest and confidence in pursuing this
field and encourage them to participate throughout the laboratory to ensure that
their learning experience is maximized. This plan allows students to gain
experiences on how electrode and electrolyte material selection affects the fuel cell
performance. The project allows students to gain better understanding of
electrochemistry, familiarity with the fuel cell technology, and valuable hands-on
experiences with electrochemical cells and circuits.
Keywords: Fuel Cell, Electrochemical, Electrode, Laboratory, Learning,
Undergraduate
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Lavizan,
Tehran, Iran, [email protected]
53
What is a Nano fuel cell
Azam Anaraki Firooz١
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training
University, P.O. Box 167855-163 Tehran, Iran
E-mail ([email protected] )
Abstract
This study shows developments in the field of nanotechnology and its application
in fuel cells. There are two types of fuel cells appear to be the most promising for
commercial application: hydrogen fuel cells and direct methanol fuel cells.
Hydrogen fuel cells are being researched by automobile manufactures as a
replacement for or hybid with fossil fuels in passenger cars and public
transportation. Direct methanol fuel cells can be used to power portable electronic
devices such as mp3 players and cell phones. Recently, companies have been
looking for a more efficient, reusable energy source of fuel cells. However, there
are two major areas of industry for fuel cell applications. One is the replacement of
lithium-ion batteries in small electronic devices such as cell phone and laptop
computers. The other is as a replacement for, or hybrid with, fossil fuels used in
transportation. Two factors inhibiting the use of fuel cells in consumer application
is efficiency and size. Nanotechnology may be the answer to both of these problems
with using nanostructures.
Keywords: Nano fuel cell, hydrogen fuel cells, direct methanol fuel cells.
54
Design a New Oxygen Safety System for a 10 kW
PEM Fuel Cell
*Amir Amini1, Mehran Habibi
2, Hadi Gurabi
3, Ali Mahmudian
4
Iranian Space Agency, Material & Energy Institute, 7th Km, Imam Khomeini St.,
Isfahan, Iran
Abstract
Fuel Cell is a renewable energy source that has the potential to significantly reduce
human dependency on fossil fuels. Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) Fuel
Cells use hydrogen fuel and oxygen from the air to produce electricity. The volume
of oxygen will decrease in indoor location where the Fuel Cell is located. Lack of
oxygen which is harmful not only for the Fuel Cell system but also for the user.
Thus, taking safety issues into account is important in designing Fuel Cell systems.
In this paper, a new oxygen safety system is proposed for a 10 kW PEM Fuel Cell
which involves designing an oxygen sensor and also a monitoring and control
software. The proposed safety system was designed and produces in Isfahan
Research Center under Iran Space Agency supervision. The safety system sends 10
kW PEM Fuel Cell to a safe mode in case of lack of oxygen.
Keywords:PEM Fuel Cell, Oxygen gas sensor, Oxygen safety system
1 Master student, Control Engineering
2 Master student, Control Engineering, Iranian Space Agency, Material & Energy Institute, [email protected] 3 Master student, Power Engineering, Iranian Space Agency, Material & Energy Institute, [email protected] 4 Manager Of group, Electrical Engineering, Iranian Space Agency, Material & Energy Institute,
55
Comparison of Some Methods for Ethanol
Synthesis as Fuel suitable from PEMFC
Akram Heidari1, Ahmad Nozad Goli kand
1,2, Maryam Heidari
1
1. Islami Azad University Shahre Qods Branch
1,2. Material Research School, Atomic Energy Organization, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Increasing of greenhouse causes growing demand for new and clean energy
conversion technology such as fuel cell. PEMFC, is one of the fuel cell with
hydrogen as fuel,that for their special applications attracted many researches.
Among the various fuels which can be converted into hydrogen to be used in fuel
cells, ethanol, are very promising candidates. Ethanol has advantage such as;
non-toxicity, less volatility than methanol and renewability with high energy
density. Ethanol by means of reformer can reformed to hydrogen, and hydrogen
feeding to PEMFC. The future sustainability of the hydrogen economy depends on
the primary sources used in the hydrogen production. In this regard, bioethanol
reforming process represents a clean and renewable alternative route of hydrogen
production. In this study we comparison some of methods for ethanol synthesis
such as catalytic hydration of ethylene and production of ethanol from biomass.
Keyword: Fuel of PEMFC, Ethanol production, lignocellulosic biomass
56
Introducing new platinum electrocatalyst based on
Zinc oxide nanocomposite for oxygen reduction
reaction in presence of Vulcanian reaction layer
Rasol Abdullah Mirzaie1*
, Azam Anaraki Firooz2, Fatemeh Hamedi
1
1Fuel cell Research Laboratory, Dep. Of chemistry, Faculty of science, ShahidRajaee
Teacher Training University,Tehran, IRAN
Email address: [email protected]
2 Dep. Of chemistry, Faculty of science, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University,
Tehran, IRAN
Abstract:
A multitude of materials other than Carbon Blacks(CBs) have been investigated as
catalyst supports for PEMFCs. Over the last decade or so, the focus has shifted
towards nanostructured supports as they enable faster electron transfer and high
electrocatalytic activity. The search for non-carbonaceous based supports is
particularly essential to deal with the issue of carbon corrosion. In this study ZnO
nanocomposite was investigated as a substrate for platinum electrocatalyst. Then
Vulcan XC-72 addition on electrochemical activity of platinum on ZnO
nanocomposite electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) in PEM fuel
cell was studied. The effect of adding Vulcan XC-72 to electrocatalyst and the
electrode performance for oxygen reduction reaction was evaluated by three
electrode systems. The linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and impedance
Spectroscopy was used for oxygen reduction reaction. The performance of
prepared electrocatalyst for ORR was improved by adding Vulcan in reaction layer.
It can be arisen from the unique nanostructure of the substrate, highly distributed Pt
nano particles and high surface area of the support.
Key words: Oxygen reduction reaction; fuel cell; gas diffusion electrode;
electrocatalysts; non-carbon substrate
1-Assistant professor in physical chemistry
2-Assistant professor in inorganic chemistry
3-Master student in physical chemistry
57
Investigation of Refractive Index Variation Effect
on the Output Voltage of Proton Exchange
Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cells
Saeed Olyaee1 and Somayeh Esfandeh2
Nano-photonics and Optoelectronics Research Laboratory (NORLab), Faculty of
Electrical and Computer Engineering, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University
(SRTTU), Lavizan, 16788-15811, Tehran, Iran, Email: [email protected]
Abstract
Fuel cells are clean and remarkable power sources that store energy and produce
water. By using an external source of electricity such as a solar cell, the produced
water can be used as a hybrid electric source. There are many parameters in the fuel
cell performance, such as water level and refractive index. To evaluate the fuel cell
parameters, proper electrical setup is needed to extract the fuel cell characteristics.
The laser interferometers are useful equipments to measure the refractive index. In
this paper, the effect of water level on the fuel cell performance is investigated. By
using a laser heterodyne interferometer, we detect the refractive index in membrane
of fuel cell. Then by controlling the water content, the output voltage can be fixed.
Keywords: Proton Exchange Membrane, Fuel Cell, Refractive Index, Electrical
Parameters.
