COKING COAL :These coals, when heated in the absence of air, form coherent beads, free from volatiles, with strong and porous mass, called coke.

These have coking properties Mainly used in steel making and metallurgical industries Also used for hard coke manufacturing

SEMI COKING COAL :These coals, when heated in the absence of air, form coherent beads not strong enough to be directly fed into the blast furnace. Such coals are blended with coking coal in adequate proportion to make coke.

These have comparatively less coking properties than coking coal Mainly used as blend-able coal in steel making, merchant coke manufacturing and other

metallurgical industries

NLW COKING COAL :This coal is not used in metallurgical industries. Because of higher ash content, this coal is not acceptable for washing in washeries. This coal is used for power utilities and non-core sector consumers.

NON-COKING COAL :These are coals without coking properties.

Mainly used as thermal grade coal for power generation Also used for cement, fertilizer, glass, ceramic, paper, chemical and brick manufacturing,

and for other heating purposes

WASHED AND BENEFICIATED COAL :These coals have undergone the process of coal washing or coal beneficiation, resulting in value addition of coal due to reduction in ash percentage.

Used in manufacturing of hard coke for steel making Beneficiated and washed non-coking coal is used mainly for power generation Beneficiated non-coking coal is used by cement, sponge iron and other industrial plants

MIDDLINGS :Middlings are by-products of the three stage coal washing / beneficiation process, as a fraction of feed raw coal.

Used for power generation Also used by domestic fuel plants, brick manufacturing units, cement plants, industrial

plants, etc.

REJECTS :Rejects are the products of coal beneficiation process after separation of cleans and / or middlings, as a fraction of feed raw coal.

Used for Fluidized Bed Combustion (FBC) Boilers for power generation, road repairs, briquette (domestic fuel) making, land filling, etc.

CIL COKE / LTC COKE :CIL Coke / LTC Coke is a smokeless, environment friendly product of the Dankuni Coal Complex, obtained through low temperature carbonisation.

Used in furnaces and kilns of industrial units Also used as domestic fuel by halwais, hotels, etc.

COAL FINES / COKE FINES :These are the screened fractions of feed raw coal and LTC coke / CIL Coke respectively, obtained from the Dankuni Coal Complex and other coke oven plants.

Used in industrial furnaces as well as for domestic purposes

TAR / HEAVY OIL / LIGHT OIL / SOFT PITCH :These are products from Dankuni Coal Complex using low temperature carbonisation of non-coking coal in vertical retorts.

Used in furnaces and boilers of industrial plants as well as power houses, oil, dye, pharmaceutical industries, etc.

The table below sets forth the various grades of non-coking coal produced by us

GradeUHV 

(Kcal/Kg) UHV= 8900-138 (A+M)

Gross Calorific Value GCV (Kcal/Kg)(at 5% moisture level)

A Exceeding 6,200 Exceeding 6,401

B Exceeding 5,600 but not exceeding 6,200

Exceeding 5,800 but not exceeding 6,401

C Exceeding 4,940 but not exceeding 5,600

Exceeding 5,400 but not exceeding 5,801

D Exceeding 4,200 but not exceeding 4,940

Exceeding 4,800 but not Exceeding 5,401

E Exceeding 3,360 but not exceeding 4,200

Exceeding 4,200 but not exceeding 4,801

F Exceeding 2,400 but not exceeding 3,360

Exceeding 3,600 but not exceeding 4,201

G Exceeding 1,300 but not exceeding 2,400

Exceeding 3,200 but not exceeding 3,601

The table below sets forth the various grades of coking coal produced by us:

Grade Ash Content

Steel Grade I ("ST I") Ash content < 15%

Steel Grade II ("ST II") 15% < = Ash content < 18%

Washery Grade I ("W I")

18% < = Ash content < 21%

Washery Grade II ("W II")

21% < = Ash content < 24%

Washery Grade III ("W III")

24% < = Ash content < 28%

Washery Grade IV ("W IV")

28% < = Ash content < 35%

The table below describes the grades of semi-coking coal produced by us:

Grade Ash + Moisture Content

Semi coking grade I ("SC I")

Ash + moisture content < 19%

Semi coking grade II ("SC II")

19% < = Ash + moisture content < 24%

(Source: Coal Directory of India, 2009-10)

History of Coal India Limited

In order to provide for a higher growth in coal sector to meet the growing energy needs of the country, the Government in 1973, nationalized the coal mines by enacting the Coal Nationalization Act. Pursuant to the nationalization of coal mines, our Company was incorporated as a private limited company with the name of 'Coal Mines Authority Limited', under the Companies Act on June 14, 1973, and in terms of notification no. G.S.R. 345(F) dated July 9, 1973, issued pursuant to the provisions of Section 5 of the Coal Nationalization Act certain nationalized coal mines were vested in our Company by the Central Government. Thereafter in 1975, Department of Coal, Ministry of Energy, GoI, with a view to integrate and streamline the structural set up in a manner which could be conducive to a more efficient administration, issued letter no. 38011/1/1/74-CAF dated September 27, 1975, providing for the re-organisation of 'Coal Mines Authority Limited' as 'Coal India Limited', which was to be responsible for the entire coal mining sector owned and controlled by the Central Government. 

Pursuant to the nationalization of coal mines and during the period upto 1991, our Company was able to enhance the growth rate of coal production from a CAGR of 2.18% at the time of nationalisation in Fiscal 1974 to a CAGR of 5.63% by Fiscal 1991. However during this period, due to certain macro-economic and socio economic factors, our Company continued to operate certain legacy mines inherited pursuant to the nationalization and to operate certain new projects irrespective of financial viability. Further, on account of certain internal

reasons and policy issues, our Company's accumulated losses in Fiscal 1991 and overdue liabilities to the Government in Fiscal 1993, reached Rs. 24,989.80 million and Rs. 23,113.10 million respectively. Thereafter, post 1991 upon our Company achieving certain milestones and certain policy changes initiated by the Government our Company endeavoured to consolidate its financial position. The 'Major Events and Milestones' of our Company since inception is listed below.