View
230
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
8/8/2019 ok Katl Yaplara Giri - Ders 8
1/13
STANBUL NVERSTES
OK KATLI YAPILARAGR
1
Dr. Kaan [email protected]
STANBUL NVERSTES
OK KATLI YAPILARAGR
Ders 8Yangna kar tasarm
Yangna kartasarm
XXX 311201 - 3
The fire triangle
Fuel + Oxidant = Combustion productsFuel + Oxidant = Combustion products
CHCH44 + O+ O22 = CO= CO22 + 2H+ 2H2200
HeatHeat
Reactionoccurs whenOxygen/fuelmixture hot
enough
OxygOxygFuelFuel
Giri
Yangn gvencesi
Yangn direnci
XXX 311201 - 5
Yangn koruma metodlar
Yangn Gvencesi
Can ve mal kayb riskini azaltma Aktif sistemler :
Yangn tarama
XXX 311201 - 6
Yangn nleme,...
Pasif sistemler : Yapsal yangn direnci Blme duvar uygulamalar,...
8/8/2019 ok Katl Yaplara Giri - Ders 8
2/13
8/8/2019 ok Katl Yaplara Giri - Ders 8
3/13
Standard fire resistancefurnace test
300Deflection (mm)
Span2/400d
13
100
200
0 1200 2400 3600Time (sec)
span2/9000d
Standard Fire
Span/30
Cardington test
14
Cardington test
15
Cardington test
16
Carparks
VTT Fire tests (Finland)in 1991
17
Carparks
ECSC Research n 7210-SA/518
New test in CTICM
18
8/8/2019 ok Katl Yaplara Giri - Ders 8
4/13
Determination of the firescenario
CarparksDevelopment of a new fire engineering model
19
Development and
spread of the fire
Determination of the firescenario
CarparksDevelopment of a new fire engineering model
20
Development andspread of the fire
CarparksDevelopment of a new fire engineering model
Determination of the firescenario
21
Heating of the structuralelements
-100
-50
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
V
CarparksDevelopment of a new fire engineering model
Determination of the firescenario
Development andspread of the fire
22
-450
-400
-350
-300
-250
-200
-
Mechanical behaviour of the
structure
Heating of the structuralelements
CarparksDevelopment of a new fire engineering model
Determination of the fire
scenario
Development and
spread of the fire
23
Mechanical behaviour of thestructure
-450
-400
-350
-300
-250
-200
-150
-100
-50
0
0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 0 100
V
Heating of the structuralelements
CarparksDemonstration test - Vernon in France - 2000
24
8/8/2019 ok Katl Yaplara Giri - Ders 8
5/13
1102544
CarparksDemonstration test - Vernon in France - 2000
25
Scnarios d incendie
26
Steel stress-strain curves athigh temperatures
Stress (N/mm2)
300
250
20C
200C300C
Steel softens progressivelyfrom 100-200C up.
Only 23% of ambient-
27Strain (%)0.5 1.0 1.5 2.00
150
100
50
500C
600C
700C
800C
temperature strengtremains at 700C.
At 800C strength reducedto 11% and at 900C to6%.
Melts at about 1500C.
Steel stress-strain curves athigh temperatures
Strength/stiffnessreduction factors for elasticmodulus and yield strength2% strain .
Stress (N/mm2)
300
250
20C
200C300C
Strain (%)0.5 1.0 1.50
150
100
50
500C
600C
700C
800C
Elastic modulus at 600Creduced by about 70%.
Yield strength at 600Creduced by over 50%.
Degradation of steel strengthand stiffness
Rft
100
80
% of normal value
Effective yield strength
(at 2% strain)
SS
Strength and stiffnessreductions very similar
for S235, S275, S355structural steels andhot-rolled reinforcin
29
0 300 600 900 1200
60
40
20
Temperature (C)
Rft
Elastic modulus
SS
bars. (SS)
Cold-worked reinforcingbars S500 deterioratemore rapidly. (Rft)
Concrete stress-strain curvesat high temperatures
1.0
0.90.80.7
20C
200C
Normalised stress
Concrete also loses
strength and stiffnessfrom 100C upwards.
0.60.50.4
0.30.20.10
1 2 3
1000C800C
400C
600C
Strain (%)
on cooling.
High temperatureproperties depend mainlyon aggregate type used.
8/8/2019 ok Katl Yaplara Giri - Ders 8
6/13
8/8/2019 ok Katl Yaplara Giri - Ders 8
7/13
Section factor Am/V -unprotected steel members
h
b90% !
37
perimeterc/s area
exposed perimeterc/s area
2(b+h)c/s area
eliin snmasKorunmasz vs Korunmal
Steeltemperature
Firetemperature
Steel
Firetemperature
Steel
tempera
Stee
Prote
Section factor Am/V -inherently protected systems
39
exposed perimeter
Total c/s area
exposed plate
Total c/s area
exposed flange
Total c/s area
Yangn Koruma Metodlar
Korunmasz elik Kutu iinde Yangn Korumas Pskrtme sva ile Yangn Korumas
Yangna Dayankl Boya Uygulamas Kompozit Deme nce Deme Sistemleri Kompozit H Elemanlar
Beton Dolgulu Tp Kolonlar Muhafazal Elemanlar Su Dolaml Sistemler XXX 311201 - 40
Korunmasz elik
Dk kesit oran
Yangn durumunda
30 60 90 120
XXX 311201 - 41
dk yk koulu
Genel ereve davran
Mimari etki
Kutu iinde Yangn Korumas
Gypsum, Mineral fibre, Vermiculite
Kolay uygulanabilirlik Estetik
30 60 90 1
XXX 311201 - 42
Dk ve yksek younluk
Deiik yzey bitirmeleri
Deiik renk eitleri
nhazrlksz elik
Karmak olmayan detaylarda
Nemsiz ortamlarda
8/8/2019 ok Katl Yaplara Giri - Ders 8
8/13
Section factor Ap/V - protectedsteel members
h
b90% !
43
Steel perimeter
steel c/s area2(b+h)c/s area
inner perimeterof board
steel c/s area
Kutu iinde Yangn Korumas
Balant zellikleri yaptrma
30 60 90 1
XXX 311201 - 44
cvatalama
Kalnlk istenen yangn direnci
Kritik scaklk
Pskrtme sva ile YangnKorumas
MineralMineral fibrefibre oror vermiculitevermiculite inin cementcement binderbinder
Estetik deilEstetik deil
Grnmeyen,Grnmeyen, GizliGizli elemanlarnelemanlarn
30 60 90 120
XXX 311201 - 45
korunmaskorunmas
DDkk maliyetlimaliyetli
HzlHzl uygulamauygulama
KarmaKarmakk detaylardadetaylarda dada
PaslanmayaPaslanmaya karkar korumakoruma olanaolana
Gzden rak kiriler
Tozlu
Pskrtme sva ile YangnKorumas30 60 90 1
XXX 311201 - 46
a n on roedilmeli
Nemsiz ortamlarda
YangnYangnKorumaKoruma
XXX 311201 - 47
Passive fire protection
48
Sprayed protectionSprayed protection
8/8/2019 ok Katl Yaplara Giri - Ders 8
9/13
Yangna Dayankl Boya
Gzken elemanlarda
Ince mikron kalnlnda uygulama
30 60 90 120
XXX 311201 - 49
Yksek scaklkta s yaltm salayan
bir katman oluturur.
Karmak detaylarda da
Kaln kaplama -> 120 min.
Yangna Dayankl Boya
Az nemli ortamlarda
Kumlama nerilir
30 60 90 1
XXX 311201 - 50
s ar oyama ner r
rg dokumalgrnml yzey
Kompozit Deme
ok katl binalarda kullanlr
Ekonomik ve hzl
30 60 90 120
XXX 311201 - 51
Normal tasarmdaki
gibi demir -> yangn
diren art
Structural fire protectionComposite sections
Passive Protection Composite sections
Traditional downstand beam top flange upper face totally shielded by the slab
Downstand BeamDownstand Beam
Shelf-angle Be
Kompozit Deme
Desteksiz ise limitli aklk
! Otopark ve tuz :
30 60 90 120
XXX 311201 - 53
Su geirmez beton
En dk 30 dk.
nce Deme Sistemleri
skandinavya
Konutlarda
30 60 90 1
XXX 311201 - 54
60 dakikaya kadarkoruma gerektirmez
8/8/2019 ok Katl Yaplara Giri - Ders 8
10/13
Inherent fire protection tosteel beams
55
Slim-floor Systems
nce Deme Sistemleri
Normal demedenpahal
30 60 90 1
XXX 311201 - 56
bulunmayabilir
Grnen alt balk
Kompozit H Elemanlar
Yksek yk kapasitesiYksek yk kapasitesi
Yksek yangn direnciYksek yangn direnci
30 60 90 120
XXX 311201 - 57
Sismik dayankllkSismik dayankllk
AF System
58
AF System
59
Validity of EC 4 Part 1.2Beams
COMPOSITE BEAMS:
8/8/2019 ok Katl Yaplara Giri - Ders 8
11/13
ISO yangnna 90 dakikadayanyor !
STANBUL NVERSTES ok Katl Yaplara Giri 61
Structural fire protectionComposite sections
Passive Protection Composite sections
Beams with concrete encasement
Have high fire resistance (up to 180 minutes). Involve complicated construction of joints.
Require formwork.
EncasedBeam
Validity of EC 4 Part 1.2Columns
COMPOSITE COLUMNS:
63
Kompozit H Elemanlar
l arlkta art
Ar prekast elemanlarn
30 60 90 1
XXX 311201 - 64
montaj
! Balant detaylar
Kompozit tasarm
ISO yangnna 90 dakikadayanyor !
STANBUL NVERSTES ok Katl Yaplara Giri 65
Yangn korumaYangn koruma
XXX 311201 - 66
8/8/2019 ok Katl Yaplara Giri - Ders 8
12/13
olumn
Concrete Slab
T T T TT TT T T T
PARE asked for special fire resistant joints
Additional rebars needed over middle support
P. 67
IPE 600
Compositec 3 x 2 M27 Bolts
2 M12 Bolts
In that case the beams could staycompletely unprotected
Picture of the structure
Picture of the connection
P. 69
Beton Dolgulu Tp Kolonlar
Havalimanlarna uygun,
Estetik
30 60 90 1
Toplam boyut
deimez
Sismik dayankllk
XXX 311201 - 70
Beton Dolgulu Tp Kolonlar
Min. boyut : 140 mm
Mimari etki
30 60 90 120
Kompozit souk
tasarm
XXX 311201 - 71
Muhafazal Elemanlar
Blme duvar arasnda
kolonlar Yangna direnli asma
30 60 90 1
XXX 311201 - 72
tavan
dkolonlar
8/8/2019 ok Katl Yaplara Giri - Ders 8
13/13
Muhafazal Elemanlar
Tula rgl kolonlar
30 60 90 120
XXX 311201 - 73
Tula dolgulu kolonlar
Su Dolaml Yaplar
Limitsiz yangn direnci
Byk binalarda hesapl
30 60 90 1
XXX 311201 - 74
Suyun doal dolam
Su Dolaml Yaplar
Sadece boluklu
kesitlerde
30 60 90 120
XXX 311201 - 75
Eim > 45 deg
Mimari etki
STANBUL NVERSTES
OK KATLI YAPILARAGR
Dr. Kaan [email protected]