Cognitive ArchitecturesFor Physical Agents

Sara Bolduc

Smith College CSC 290

Overview

• Background & Motivation

• Example Cognitive Architectures

• Capabilities

• Properties

• Evaluation Criteria

• Open Issues

Background & Motivation

• What is a cognitive architecture?

• Why create a cognitive architecture?

• Emerging architectural classes– Psychological phenomena– Representation, organization, utilization, and

acquisition of knowledge

• Entering the commercial sector

• The need for integrated systems

Example Cognitive Architectures

• Soar (Laird, Newell, & Rosenbloom, 1987; Newell, 1990)

• ACT-R (Anderson & Lebiere, 1998; Anderson et al., 2005)

• PRODIGY (Carbonell, Knoblock, & Minton, 1990)

• ICARUS (Langley, Cummings, & Shapiro, 2004)

• The 3T Architecture (Bonasso et al., 1997)

Capabilities

• What is a well-defined architecture?– Recognition & Categorization– Decision Making & Choice– Perception & Situation Assessment– Prediction & Monitoring– Problem Solving & Planning– Reasoning & Belief Maintenance– Execution & Action– Interaction & Communication– Remembering, Reflection, & Learning

Properties

• Knowledge:– Representation– Organization– Utilization– Acquisition & Refinement

Evaluation Criteria

• How does one evaluate cognitive architectures?– Generality, Versatility, & Taskability– Rationality & Optimality– Efficiency & Scalability– Reactivity & Persistence– Improvability– Autonomy & Extended Operation

Open Issues

• Episodic Memory & Reflective processes

• Natural Language

• Emotions

• Enhanced learning

• And many more…

References

Langley, P., Laird, J.E., & Rogers, S. (2006). Cognitive Architectures: Research Issues and Challenges (Technical Report). Computational Learning Laboratory, CSLI, Stanford University, CA.

http://www.isle.org/~langley/archs.html