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Professor Ashley Hall
Co-designing across divides GoGlobal 2016
Ashley Hall Professor of Design Innovation [email protected]
Ashley Hall Professor of Design Innovation [email protected]
Bringing together staff and students from over 20 countries and disciplines to work with commercial partners on cutting edge design and research projects
…to leading commercial design projects for IDE…
GoGlobal programme aims • Postgraduate international cross cultural
collaborations between industry and academia
• Explore themes of integration of product innovation with production, policy, social and economic factors
• Connect policy to implementation
GoGlobal Project 2005 China Product Urbanisation 2006 -7 Thailand Massclusivity 2007 China Post consumerism 2008 Japan Future of Food 2009 Ghana eArtisans 2010 China Rural-Urban 2011 India Craftology 2012 Korea Social city software 2013 Australia Sports Innovation 2014 Israel-Palestine Peace of Design 2015 Russia City sustainability 2016 South Africa Design at bottom of pyramid
GoGlobal Thailand 2006
Output: Designed, manufactured and sold 10-100 of each of 10 products Took 1.5 years to complete the project after the student phase.
GG Thailand what we learnt: Design can enhance craft Exemplar projects good for promotion Proven through manufactured products We are not a factory, overambitious delivery and academic fitness for purpose
GoGlobal Ghana 2009 e-Artisans
IDE + Kwame Nkruma University of Science & Technology
Divide – Local to Global
60 students, 10 days, 26 prototypes
GoGlobal Ghana products: Woven shoe, Ananse, Flower Vase, Paawopaa collectable toy, Adinkra game, Calabash speaker and Water filter
30 IDE & 30 KNUST students in collaborative interdisciplinary design teams
Cultural transfer in product design Cultural transfer too strong: Products not culturally ‘accessible’ to an export market Cultural transfer too weak: Generic products Lack of regional identity
Solution: Found 3 sorts of cultural transfer: Balance generated by interaction between Ghanain and RCA students to moderate cultural design features
1. Cultural transfer – Material Culture (Material, techniques, processes etc.)
Product & Factors: Ahoma Woven Shoe – Craft techniques, materials, customisation Calabash Vase – material resource, craft skills, provenance
2. Cultural transfer – Behavioural (Patterns of cultural and social behaviour, emotions)
Product & Factors: Adinkra Game – Based on traditional symbols, game playing Pawopaa collectable toy – goods carrying, grasscutter, hand craft production,
3. Cultural transfer – Philosophical (Ideas, concepts, beliefs etc.)
Product & Factors: Ananse Toy – traditional spider story, carved figure, narrative construction, re-telling and sharing via digital methods.
GG Ghana what we learnt: Great entrepreneurial environment Kumasi: City of artisans and makers Too early for technology penetration Too early for global websales trust Needed longer term financial support for local development
GoGlobal India 2011 Craftology
IDE + National Institute of Design Ahmedabad
Divide – Craft to Economy
GoGlobal India 2011 Craftology, Futurecraft DNA, Slum project bag, Solar powered lathe, Future Craft City Ahmedabad, Thalikala spice plate
GG India what we learnt: Huge scale of craft activity Massive number of hand crafted products compares to other large countries (eg China) Protecting craft identities is crucial (via GI’s) Potential for craft to uplift from poverty
FOROBA YELEN: Portable Solar Lighting and Sustainable Strategies for Remote Malian Villages
Ashley HALL Royal College of Art & Imperial College London, UK Boukary KONATE Cinzana Connect Villages Association, Mali Amrita KULKARNI Royal College of Art & Imperial College London, UK
The completed lights Specification: 65 amp deep charge gel battery 30 watt x 2 CFL lamps Charge controller 50 watt solar panel Can be transported by Donkey or motorbike Unit on left uses local lamps Unit on right uses Philips donated components and LED street lamp.
Malian&CFA GB£ Note:Initial'material'cost'excluding'own'labour'and'overheads'(assumed'free'from'villagers) 314,685'''''''''' £449.55
This'was'the'cost'for'making'two'lights'divided'by'two
Rental'per'use 4,000'''''''''''''' £5.71 Figure'from'Boukary
Assuming'rentals'per'month 15
Max'30'rentals'per'month'at'one'recharge'per'day
Total'rental'income'per'month £85.71Based'on'assumed'rentals'x'rental'fee
Maintainance'assumed'at'£5'a'month £5.00
Replacement'lamps,'batteries,'structral'repairs'(welding)'and'etc.
Total'monthly'income'(rental'Mmaintainace) 56,500'''''''''''' £80.71
Malian&CFA GB£
700 1
Malian'CFA'to'GB£'conversion'rate'on'project'completion'date
Conversions
Total&No.&of&months&to&make&a&new&light
Foroba&Yelen:&Lights&rental&incomes
5.57
Challenges
• Communications and co-design. • Reluctance of the Women’s group to speak out openly. • Materials: very little timber and steel expensive • Menders not makers, no drill bits in 3rd largest city (Segou). • Sourcing lighting components. Two options:
1. Expensive low quality local parts 2. ‘Best western’ imported components
• The information legacy
Conclusions
Working in London remotely via digital platforms was useful and began to tie the partners together. The co-design process even though it was more difficult to engage it built bonds. Activity so far shows use of the lights for activities ranging from funerals to traditional feasts, ceremonies, agriculture and mask dances helping slow rural urban migration. The assumptions of a co-design model and the ability levels amongst various project partners’ need to be assessed in advance as far as possible. Locally relevant design features may well be opposite to those desirable in western markets The success of using imported ‘best western’ components over locally sourced lighting components
GoGlobal Israel-Palestine 2014
Peace of Design
IDE + Shenkar College of Engineering and Design Partners: Ehete, Parent’s Cirlce, BASR, Ahoti, Kibbutz Harduf,
Uhm El Fahem, Al Basma, Husan School, Lakiya
Divides – Religion, geography, politics, economics
GG Israel-Palestine what we learnt: Power of co-design Value of follow on partners Immense complexity of local relations Design can break the barriers of mistrust Build on longer term projects
Liberating differences
• Rehnberger’s car copying project exploring a method of illustrating cultural differences
• Originals right and copies made in Thailand on the left
Benefits: Buy-in for solutions Better fit Education and up-skilling (both ways) More creative inputs
Misconceptions:
We have to agree with all the co-designers decisions It dumbs down the design We loose freedom to be creative
Co-designing:
- Do they actually want it in the first place? - Do they have the time to engage? - Do they need some skills training and support? - How deep do they want to go?
Co-designing with your entrepreneur:
- Don’t all talk at once - Learn the power of listening - Slow down - Ask permissions for all recordings - Run small creative workshops to show elements
of work in progress that can build to new ideas - Don’t promise what you can’t deliver - Know your skillset
Co-designing with your entrepreneur:
- Often fuzzy and never as clean or simple as
expected
- Multi-dimensional
- Do not equate with right and wrong or good and bad
- Accepting them holds us back
The falseness of divides: