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Cocaine

Drug Category : Stimulant

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HistoryCocaine was first synthesized in 1855. It was not until 1880, however, that its effects were recognized by the medical world.

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History Cont.

Derived from the coca plant in the Mountains of South America the leaves

contain the stimulant used to make cocaine.

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Coca-ColaCocaine got a marketing boost in acceptance when John Pemberton included cocaine as the main ingredient in his new soft drink, Coca-Cola.

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Street Names for CocaineCocaine

All-American drug, Aunt Nora, Barbs, Blow, Coke, Dream,

Crack CocaineBeam, Bopper, Candy, CDs, Electric kool-aid,

Girl, Mighty white, Pop, Real tops, Rock, Sevenup, Space, Twinkie and Yam.

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Kilo or Brick

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What is Cocaine

• Cocaine is a powerful nervous system stimulant. Its effects can last from 15–30 minutes to an hour, depending upon the method of use.

• Cocaine increases alertness, feelings of well-being and euphoria, energy and motor activity, feelings of competence and sexuality.

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Methods of UseSnorting

is the most common method of abusing cocaine powder.

This is usually done by ‘racking’ it up into

"bumps", "lines" or "rails" of very fine particles.

After the lines are done then a funnel is used to

sniff the cocaine through the nose

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Other Methods of Use

Smoking Intravenous/ Injection

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Crack Cocaine

Crack is a lower purity form of free-base cocaine that is usually produced by mixing cocaine with a solution of baking soda (sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO3) and water, producing a very hard/brittle, off-white-to-brown colored, amorphous material .

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Short Term Effects

• Increased blood pressure and heart rate • Constricted peripheral blood vessels • Increased rate of breathing • Dilated pupils • Hyper-stimulation • Intense euphoria • Decreased appetite • Anxiety and paranoia • Aggressive, paranoid behavior • Depression • Intense drug craving • Sudden death - even one use can cause overdose or

death

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Crack/Coke BugsTactile hallucination after using

cocaine that creates the illusion of bugs burrowing under the skin

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Long Term Effects

• Severe depression • Irritability and mood disturbances • Aggressive, paranoid behavior • Delirium or psychosis • Tolerance and addiction, even after just one use • Auditory and tactile hallucinations • Heart attack and heart disease • Stroke • Respiratory failure • Brain seizures • Sexual dysfunction (for both men and women) • Reproductive damage and infertility (for both men and

women) • Increased frequency of risky behavior • Death

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WithdrawalSomeone who has formed and addiction will likely experience

some withdrawal symptoms when they quit, but withdrawal can also

occur after heavy use.