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COASTAL ADAPTATION AND REGENERATIONBRUSSELS, NOVEMBER 2019
186,377 INHABITANTS
SEVERE STORMS, GALERNAS, WAVES
CLIMATIC CHANGE RISKS
A COASTAL AND RIVERSIDE CITY
CITY SUFFERS FROM NATURAL DISASTERS RISKS: FLOODS, SEVERE STORMS, GALERNAS & OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL DISRUPTIONS...
Urumea River
FLOODS
CLIMATIC CHANGE RISKS
19561988199620052009201020162018
1996
Decreasing Snowfalls
1996
1893
2014 Big Waves
2008/2010/2013/2014 DAMAGES
2008/2010/2013/2014 DAMAGES
RIVER FLOODING
DISASTER RISKS MANAGEMENT
CONTINGENCY PROTOCOLSEMERGENCY PLANSCIVIL DEFENSE
FLOODS
SNOW
FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT PLAN
•PUBLIC COMMUNICATION•WORKING WITH CIVIL ENTITIES (BASE DATA)• URUMEA FLOODS, BEACH FRONT,•REAL-TIME COMMUNICATION (BASQUE GOVERNMENT, APPLICATIONS)
BUT THERE IS A NEED FOR MORE •PREVENTION AND CORRECTING MEASSURES. •ENFORCEMENT OF PLANNING REGULATIONS•REDUCED PHYSICAL EXPOSURE AND VULNERABILITY
PROCESS AND RESULTS OF THE CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION PLAN FOR THE MUNICIPALITY OF DONOSTIA/SAN SEBASTIAN
Plan de adaptación al Cambio Climático de Donostia/San Sebastián
BACKGROUND
Precedents
1998 Aalborg Chart signed. Local Agenda 21
2008 Covenant of Mayors signed
•Sustainable Energy Action Plan, SEAP•GHG Emission Inventory
Mayors Adapt 2014
Adaptation plan 2017Risk and Vunerability Analysis: sea rise (CPR 8.5: 64cm + 22cm) and extreme waves, river and storm flooding, heat waves with possible impact on health and biodiversity (CPR 8.5: 2.8 degrees).
Compact of Mayors. 2019
SECAP
Plan de adaptación al Cambio Climático de Donostia/San Sebastián
PARTICIPATION
Plan de adaptación al Cambio Climático de Donostia/San Sebastián
• Projects and Urban Works•Risk Prevention•Urban Planning•Economical Develoment•Water Management•Social Welfare•Environment•Estrategic Plan
ADAPTATION BOARD
DEPARTMENTS:
Cooperation and institutional coordination
Citizen participation and awareness
Collaboration with knowledge providers
Plan de adaptación al Cambio Climático de Donostia/San Sebastián
INDICATIONS, SCENARIOS AND MODELLING OF IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN DONOSTIA/SAN SEBASTIAN
Swell Flooding
Plan de adaptación al Cambio Climático de Donostia/San Sebastián
INDICATIONS, SCENARIOS AND MODELLING OF IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN DONOSTIA/SAN SEBASTIAN
Flooding by Above-Average Sea Level
Plan de adaptación al Cambio Climático de Donostia/San Sebastián
INDICATIONS, SCENARIOS AND MODELLING OF IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN DONOSTIA/SAN SEBASTIAN
River Flooding
Plan de adaptación al Cambio Climático de Donostia/San Sebastián
ANALYSIS OF VULNERABILITY AND RISK
1/ Problem trees by sector (threat-receptor relations)
2/ Selection of chains of impact and design of statistical data models.
3/ Map of vulnerability and risk in smaller spatial units.
ANALYSIS OF VULNERABILITY AND RISK
Flooding Exposure Map
Plan de adaptación al Cambio Climático de Donostia/San Sebastián
ANALYSIS OF VULNERABILITY AND RISK
Vulnerability:Effect of heat waves on human health.
Plan de adaptación al Cambio Climático de Donostia/San Sebastián
TYPES OF ADAPTATION MEASURES
Direct intervention:
Hard or protective, Nature-Based SolutionsRegulation of design criteria and uses
Preventive measures:
Emergency ProtocolsTraining, awareness and sensitisationEconomic aids
Plan de adaptación al Cambio Climático de Donostia/San Sebastián
1.-Estimation of the impacts of climate change on the beaches: study of the 4 beaches of the municipality. Important withdrawal of the beach line, especially for Zurriola, but with greater impact on the beach of La Concha and Ondarreta
Plan de adaptación al Cambio Climático de Donostia/San Sebastián
2.- Improvement of information: Klima Adapt application (with meteorological data, river levels, air quality and mareograph data)Installation of level detector in the Igara river.Installation of mareograph on the harbour.
Plan de adaptación al Cambio Climático de Donostia/San Sebastián
Infrastructure for electricity, natural gas, telecommunications, transport, sanitation and water supply, hospitals, sports centers, etc.
3.-Analysis of the impact of climate change on services and infrastructure
Plan de adaptación al Cambio Climático de Donostia/San Sebastián
Electricidad:
subestaciones y centros de transformación
Telefonía: centrales de telefonía y telefonía móvil
Gas: red de Donostigas y estaciones de regulación y medición
3.-Analysis of the impact of climate change on services and infrastructure
Plan de adaptación al Cambio Climático de Donostia/San Sebastián
Donostia se Adapta
3.-Analysis of the impact of climate change on services and infrastructure
Plan de adaptación al Cambio Climático de Donostia/San Sebastián
3.-Analysis of the impact of climate change on services and infrastructure
Plan de adaptación al Cambio Climático de Donostia/San Sebastián
3.-Analysis of the impact of climate change on services and infrastructure
Plan de adaptación al Cambio Climático de Donostia/San Sebastián
3.-Analysis of the impact of climate change on services and infrastructure
4.-Hydraulic study and modeling in the sanitation network: improvements in the sanitation network are necessary (wider pipes, cyclonic separators)
Hydrocyclonic separators for T500 Recurrence interval
REINFORCEMENT OF THE PROTECTIVE BREAKWATER
www.ingurumena.eus www.ihobe.eus
ESCENARIO ACTUAL
Incremento de superficie verde: 70%
Incremento de superficie verde: 226%
ESCENARIO FACTIBLE
ESCENARIO IDEAL
STUDY OF SCENARIOS FOR NEW RESIDENTIAL AREA
www.ingurumena.eus www.ihobe.eus
Biodiversidad vegetal
Escenario actual
Escenario ideal
Escenario factible
Parque Fluvial
UrbanizaciónActual Factible Ideal
RIQUEZA 27 20 24 25DIVERSIDAD Shannon 3.42 3.28 3.74 3.98NÚMERO TOTAL DE PIES 398 412 611 727
www.ingurumena.eus www.ihobe.eus
Captura de carbono
Escenario actual
Escenario ideal
Actual (t C)
Factible (t C)
Ideal (t C)
C en suelo 152.0 234.4 386.6C en biomasa herbácea 3.7 6.1 10.4C en biomasa leñosa 146.0 185.8 204.9SUMA 301.6 426.2 601.9
C en suelo
Escenario factible
www.ingurumena.eus www.ihobe.eus
Reducción de Tª y efecto isla de calor
Actual-
Factible
Actual-
Ideal
Ideal-factibl
e
Reducción de Tª (max) 0.66 0.78 0.61
Reducción de Tmrt (max) 26.52 27.7 26.18
1.5m14.00
ACTUAL- FACTIBLE ACTUAL- IDEAL FACTIBLE - IDEAL
Reducción TEMPERATURA
REDUCCIÓN TEMPERATURA
MEDIA RADIANTE
www.ingurumena.eus www.ihobe.eus
Reducción escorrentíaDiferencia escenario base - ideal:
Actual (m)
Ideal (m)
Diferencia (%)
Escenario base 0.682 -Incremento vegetación - 0.662 5.5
Pavimento permeable - 0.659 5.57
Vegetación + pavimento - 0.651 8
186,377 INHABITANTS
New bridges and elevated bike lanes above the 500-year flood period water level
1. Coverage of soil and vegetation
2. Plant more trees
3. More diverse grasslands
4. Permeable pavements
5. Nest boxes for bird conservation
6. Urban gardens
7. Vegetation in apple courtyards
8. Green parking
9. Green roofs
Nature Based Solutions
Landscape integrated Public Library
Landscape integrationLandscape integration
Plan de adaptación al Cambio Climático de Donostia/San Sebastián
THANK YOU