Cloudacus = LAMP + Appaserver ©Tim Riley Appahost Model

Cloudacus = LAMP + Appaserver

©Tim Riley

Appahost ModelAppahost Model

Why LAMP?

©Tim Riley

Why Linux?Why Apache?

Why MySQL?Which Programming

Language?

What is a structured database?

©Tim Riley




Set Name

©Tim Riley

Database sets are also known as:* categories* tables* folders* collections


Set Name

Attribute 1 datatypeAttribute 2 datatype …Attribute n datatype

Attributes are also known as:* columns* fields* properties

©Tim Riley


Set Name

Attribute 1 datatypeAttribute 2 datatype …Attribute n datatype

Examples of datatypes:* Integer number* Floating point (real) number* Date* Time* Line of text* Notepad of text

©Tim Riley

Example Set

Personfull_name textskin_color textreligion textheight_inches integerweight_pounds integerbirth_date dateannual_income floatgeneral_characterists notepad

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Set Elements

PersonFull Name

Linus Torvalds

Guido van Rossum

Bill Henry Gates III

Sets contain elements

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Elements are also known as:* members* records* rows* tuples

Making Subsets

Personfull_name textskin_color textreligion textheight_inches integerweight_pounds integerbirth_date dateannual_income floatgeneral_characterists notepad

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Set Relationships

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Set 1 Set 2Verb phrase

Set Relationships

Person StateReside in

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Many Set Relationships

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School

Attend

Many Set Relationships


Born in

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Set Relationship TypesSet 1

There are 5 types of set relationships:1) many-to-one2) one-to-many3) many-to-many4) one-to-one5) is-a

Set 2Verb phrase

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Many-to-one RelationshipPerson

”Many persons

StateReside in

many one

one state.”reside in

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One-to-many RelationshipPerson

Reverse the arrow to reverse the relationship. ”One state has as residents many persons.”

StateHas resident

many one

©Tim Riley

Many-to-many RelationshipPerson

”One person can visit many states. And one state can have as visitors many persons.”

StateVisit

many many

©Tim Riley

One-to-one RelationshipOffice

”One office has one phone.”

PhoneHas

one one

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Is-a RelationshipAccountant

”An accountant is a person.”

PersonIs a

one one

©Tim Riley

Enforcing Business Rules

Two broad categories of business rule enforcement are:

1) Implementational restrictions (bad)2) Integrity constraints (good)

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Enforcing Business Rules

Implementational restrictions are business rules the information system cannot enforce.


many one

©Tim Riley

Implementational Restrictions

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Person StateVisit

many many

one one

many

Implementational Restrictions

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Person State

many

Person Visit

Enforcing Business RulesIntegrity constraints are business rules the information system succeeds at enforcing. Two imperative integrity constraints are:

1) Relational integrity2) Element uniqueness

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Enforcing Business RulesRelational integrity is the constraint that an element in each set must exist in order for a relationship to exist between them.


many one

A state element can exist without any persons residing in it.

A person element can exist without residing in a state.

©Tim Riley

Enforcing Business RulesElement uniqueness is the constraint that an element cannot exist more than once in a set.

Personfull_name text *

Only one person named Bill Henry Gates III can belong to the person set.

The set of attributes enforcing uniqueness is called the primary key.

©Tim Riley

Element UniquenessNatural primary key: the set of attributes that naturally enforce uniqueness.

Personfull_name text *street_address text *

Names are likely to be naturally duplicated.

If a set has more than one attribute assigned to its primary key, then it's called a multi-attribute primary key.

©Tim Riley

Element Uniqueness

Primary keys naturally occur.

To identify the natural primary key, always consider the four dimensions. Uniqueness can always be naturally identified with:

1) Longitude2) Latitude3) Elevation4) Time

All of the organization's places should be categorized.

All events need a date/time stamp.

©Tim Riley

Foreign key: in a many-to-one relationship, the many table needs to have as attributes the primary key of the one table.

Personfull_name text *street_address text *state text

Statestate text *

Reside in

many one

Foreign key is the primary key of the one table.

Primary key of the one table.

©Tim Riley

Element Uniqueness

Element UniquenessMutable primary keys: The value of primary keys can change when using Appaserver.

Personfull_name text *street_address text *

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You can change the person's name if she gets married or change the street address if he moves.

Story Telling: Seabed Study

©Tim Riley

©Tim Riley



©Tim Riley


Appaserver's Database Structure

Tabletable_name text *

Columncolumn_name text *

Is described

by

many many

Table is the relational database synonym for set.

Column is the relational database synonym for attribute.

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Table ColumnIs

described by

many many


©Tim Riley


Folderfolder text *

Attributeattribute text *

many many

Appaserver stores tables in the table called ”Folder.”

Appaserver stores columns in the table called ”Attribute.”

©Tim Riley

one one

manymany

Appaserver's Database StructureFolder

folder text *

Attributeattribute text *

Folder_Attributefolder text *attribute text *

©Tim Riley


Storing Relationships

Person

StateReside in

SchoolAttend

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Person

Accountant Teacher

Is aIs a

©Tim Riley



Folder Has relationship

many

many

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Folder Relation

©Tim Riley

Relational Database Operations

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1) Select2) Insert3) Update4) Delete

Building Non-trivial Databases

©Tim Riley

Appaserver's Screen Types

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1) Insert2) Lookup3) Update4) View5) Detail

Insert Screen

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Insert Screen

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Lookup Screen

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Update Screen

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View Screen

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Detail Screen

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©Tim Riley



©Tim Riley



[email protected]

Documents

Cloudacus = LAMP + Appaserver ©Tim Riley Appahost Model