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Page 1: Close Reading Activity for Act II of The Crucible (1) · Microsoft Word - Close Reading Activity for Act II of The Crucible (1).docx Created Date: 8/26/2014 1:35:19 AM

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Close  Reading  Activity  for  Act  II  of  The  Crucible    

Scaffold  for  Various  Reading  Levels    

From  literal  to  analytical—Chunking  the  Text  to  Improve  Comprehension—Flexible  Grouping  with  Teacher  Guiding,  Leader/Group  Guiding,  and  Independent  Guiding.    The  goal  is  for  all  students  to  meet  the  same  standards.    Never  lower  the  level  of  expectations.    Differentiate  the  process.        Step  1:    All  students  should  have  Act  II  of  The  Crucible  in  front  of  them.      Step  2:    Scaffold:    Group  students  based  on  reading  levels.  

Group  A.  For  struggling  readers,  the  teacher  should  read  the  chosen  text  orally  first.    Fluency  is  key  to  comprehension.    Then  the  teacher  can  have  the  students  read  silently  or  assign  roles,  with  the  teacher  taking  the  lead  role,  and  read  orally  again.    Then  have  the  students  read  silently.  

Group  B.  Students  who  are  only  a  grade  level  or  so  behind  can  read  orally  within  their  group  without  assistance  from  the  teacher  and  then  reread  the  text  either  in  role-­‐playing  or  silently.    

Group  C.  For  higher  readers,  the  students  should  silently  read  the  text.    Format:    The  assignment  below  will  deal  with  only  a  portion  of  Act  II.    Close  

reads  need  to  be  given  with  more  difficult  text  and  no  more  than  a  few  pages.    The  purpose  is  to  “show”  them  how  to  access  and  think  about  text.      Step  3:  Each  group  will  approach  each  segmented  section  of  the  text  differently.  

Group  A:  The  teacher  will  have  someone  to  read  that  section  orally,  and  then  she  will  guide  the  students  into  the  section  by  asking  the  questions  associated  with  the  section.    Doing  this  close  study  with  the  guidance  of  the  teacher  is  important.  (The  teacher  is  constantly  assessing  the  reading  comprehension  of  this  group,  which  is  a  form  of  formative  assessment.)  

Group  B:    The  teacher  will  assign  a  group  leader.    That  leader  will  have  someone  in  the  group  to  read  that  section  orally.    Then  the  group  leader  will  read  each  question;  the  group  members,  along  with  the  leader,  will  devise  an  answer.    Each  member  will  write  the  answers  after  each  question.    If  the  teacher  sees  the  students  struggle,  she  may  go  over  to  the  group  and  guide  them  to  get  them  on  the  right  track.  (Then  the  teacher  can  look  at  the  answers  and  use  them  as  a  formative  assessment  to  see  if  the  students  understood  the  questions.)  

Group  C:    Each  student  will  read  and  answer  the  questions  independently  without  initially  discussing  the  text.      After  answering  the  questions,  the  students  can  then  discuss  their  answers  and  add  notes  from  other  students’  answers.    Have  them  write  the  added  notes  in  a  different  ink  color.    (This  work  can  also  be  used  as  a  formative  assessment.)  Step  5:    Each  student  must  pull  evidence  directly  from  the  text  when  answering  the  questions.  

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Step  6:    Begin  with  literal  questions,  but  move  them  into  analytical  questions.    This  scaffolding  process  is  important  in  improving  reading  levels  and  in  reading  the  rest  of  the  text  more  independently.        Act  II:        

1. The  entire  text  for  the  close  read  lesson  begins  with  “The  common  room  of  the  Proctor’s  house,  eight  days  later.    Read  and  stop  at  the  line  “Proctor’s  anger  is  rising;  he  cannot  speak.”  

2. The  teacher  will  direct  how  to  begin,  depending  on  the  group.    The  teacher  should  have  the  beginning  and  ending  of  each  section  posted  on  the  board  or  on  the  Smart  Board.    Each  student  should  have  a  copy  of  the  questions  so  he  or  she  can  record  answers.    Setting  protocols  for  the  groups  and  giving  clear  instructions  are  key  to  success  in  scaffolding.  After  the  initial  reading  (either  oral  or  silent),  the  groups  will  begin  with  each  section,  following  directions  for  that  group.  

3. Begin  the  segmented  oral  text  reading  and  targeted  questions:    Section  1:    Begin  with  “The  common  room…  and  end  with  “Elizabeth  enters…”  Questions  for  Section  1:      1. What  is  the  setting  in  the  opening  of  Act  II?    How  do  you  know?    Give  

evidence.  2. How  does  the  setting  tell  you  how  the  Proctors  lived?    Give  evidence.  3. The  phrase  “softly  singing”  tells  you  what  about  Elizabeth  Proctor?    Why  

do  you  think  this  about  Elizabeth?  4. What  do  you  think  the  sentence  “He  is  not  quite  pleased”  implies  about  

John  Proctor’s  mood?          

Section  2:    Begin  with  Elizabeth:    What  keeps…  and  end  with  “He  gets  up,  goes  to  her….”  Questions  for  Section  2:      1. When  Elizabeth  asks  John  about  why  he  is  so  late,  what  do  you  learn  

about  John  Proctor’s  answer?    Give  evidence  from  the  text.  2. What  do  you  think  the  word  “ladle”  means  when  the  author  uses  the  

word  in  “And  she  goes  to  the  fireplace,  proceeds  to  ladle  up  stew  in  a  dish”?  What  word  would  we  use  today?      

3. What  do  you  think  “fair  summer”  means?    Why  is  that  important  to  John?    Give  evidence  from  the  text.  

4. What  does  the  story  about  the  rabbit  tell  you  about  Elizabeth  Proctor?    Give  evidence  from  the  story.  

5. How  do  you  describe  the  relationship  between  John  and  Elizabeth  Proctor?    Pull  two  pieces  of  evidence  and  explain  why  you  used  that  evidence.  

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 Section  3:    Begin  with  “Proctor,  as  gently  as  he…  and  end  with  “Proctor,  astonished:.”  Questions  for  Section  3:    1. What  clues  in  the  line  “Elizabeth,  with  a  sense  of  reprimanding  herself  for  

having  forgot:    Aye!  She  gets  up  and  goes  and  pours  a  glass  for  him.    He  now  arches  his  back”  help  the  reader  understand  the  meaning  of  “reprimanding”?    What  is  the  definition?  

2. Why  does  Proctor  refer  to  the  farm  as  a  continent?    Give  evidence  to  support  your  answer.  

3. Why  does  Proctor  want  flowers  in  the  house?    Give  evidence.  4. Why  does  he  refer  to  the  house  as  “winter”  when  it  is  spring  outside?  5. Do  you  think  that  John  and  Elizabeth  have  had  problems  before?    Give  

evidence  from  the  text.  6. What  does  the  word  “forbid”  mean  in  the  line  “You  heard  me  forbid  her  to  

go  to  Salem  any  more!”?    What  does  this  say  about  the  role  of  the  man  in  this  society?  

7. Why  does  Proctor  tell  Elizabeth  that  she  has  a  “fault”?    Give  evidence.  8. What  is  Elizabeth’s  response?    What  do  you  think  it  means?  9. Why  does  Proctor  call  Mary  a  “mouse”?    What  does  this  metaphor  tell  you  

about  how  Proctor  sees  Mary?  10. What  does  Elizabeth  reveal  about  the  court?    Give  evidence.  

 Section  4:    Begin  with  “Elizabeth:    I  would  go  to  God…  and  end  with  “Elizabeth:    Then  let  you  not  earn  it.”  Questions  for  Section  4:  1. What  does  the  word  “astonished”  mean  when  Proctor  implies  that  a  court  

has  been  formed?    Explain  your  answer.  2. Why  is  John  unable  to  “grasp”  what  Elizabeth  is  saying?    Give  evidence.  3. Look  up  the  word  “scoffing”  and  explain  why  the  author  used  it  in  this  

section.  4. Why  does  Abigail  have  so  much  power  in  the  court?    Give  evidence  from  

the  text.  5. What  do  you  think  John  means  by  “it  is  a  black  mischief”?    Explain.  6. What  does  Elizabeth  want  John  to  do?    Give  evidence.  7. What  clues  in  the  conversation  between  John  and  Elizabeth  near  the  end  

of  this  text  allow  the  reader  to  know  that  there  has  been  trouble  between  them?    Give  evidence.    Note:    If  the  groups  finish  at  different  times,  have  the  students  continue  independently  reading  the  rest  of  the  act  or  have  them  create  questions  they  want  to  ask  you  about  they  read.      

 Step  7:    When  all  are  finished,  the  teacher  may  at  this  time  have  a  conversation  with  the  whole  class  about  the  text  chosen  for  the  close  read.    She  may  want  to  add  some  other  information  or  clarify  misconceptions  she  noticed.  

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 Step  8:    After  the  close  read,  have  the  students  read  a  teacher-­‐selected  section  silently  and  form  pairs.  Each  pair  must  create  at  least  5  questions  for  another  pair  to  answer.    Tell  them  the  questions  must  make  the  pair  who  will  answer  the  questions  go  back  into  the  text.    (The  teacher  may  want  to  pair  students  by  having  students  with  varying  levels  paired  together.)    The  teacher  will  facilitate  this  activity  and  offer  guidance  when  she  sees  students  struggling.    {This  activity  focuses  on  comprehension.}    Step  9:    The  teacher  can  use  another  approach  to  finish  the  reading  of  Act  II.      She  can  have  them  read  independently,  watch  the  video  on  Act  II,  and  go  into  a  short  constructed  response  or  extended  response  (using  the  strategy  used  for  a  British  Literature  class.          

Steps  to  Establishing  Protocols  and  Set  Up  for  Group  Work    

1. Clearly  and  upfront  set  the  expectations  for  the  assignment.  2. Give  rules  dealing  with  how  to  treat  others’  ideas  with  respect.  3. Give  expectations  for  staying  on  track.  4. Remind  students  to  keep  voices  at  a  certain  level.  5. Make  sure  all  students  understand  directions  and  have  appropriate  

materials.  6. Set  expectations  for  closing  the  work  session.  

                                         

 

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Note  Taking  and  Recording  Sheet  for  Each  Group    

Section  1:    Begin  with  “The  common  room…  and  end  with  “Elizabeth  enters…”  Questions  for  Section  1:      1. What  is  the  setting  of  opening  of  Act  II?    How  do  you  know?    Give  

evidence.  2. How  does  the  setting  tell  you  how  the  Proctors’  lived?    Give  evidence.  3. The  phrase  “softly  singing”  tells  you  what  about  Elizabeth  Proctor?    Why  

do  you  think  that  way?  4. What  do  you  think  the  sentence  “He  is  not  quite  pleased”  seems  to  imply  

about  John  Proctor’s  mood?          

Section  2:    Begin  with  Elizabeth:    What  keeps…  and  end  with  “He  gets  up,  goes  to  her….”  Questions  for  Section  2:      

1. When  Elizabeth  asks  John  about  why  he  is  so  late,  what  do  you  learn  about  John  Proctor’s  answer?    Give  evidence  from  the  text.  

2. What  do  you  think  the  word  “ladle”  means  when  the  author  uses  the  word  in  “And  she  goes  to  the  fireplace,  proceeds  to  ladle  up  stew  in  a  dish”?  

What  word  would  we  use  today?      3. What  do  you  think  “fair  summer”  means?    Why  is  that  important  to  John?    

Give  evidence  from  the  text.  4. What  does  the  story  about  the  rabbit  tell  you  about  Elizabeth  Proctor?    Give  

evidence  from  the  story.  5. How  do  you  describe  the  relationship  between  John  and  Elizabeth  Proctor?    

Pull  two  pieces  of  evidence  and  explain  why  you  used  that  evidence.    

Section  3:    Begin  with  “Proctor,  as  gently  as  he…  and  end  with  “Proctor,  astonished:    ….”  Questions  for  Section  3:    

1. What  clues  in  the  line  “Elizabeth,  with  a  sense  of  reprimanding  herself  for  having  forgot:    Aye!  She  gets  up  and  goes  and  pours  a  glass  for  him.    He  now  arches  his  back”  helps  the  reading  understand  the  meaning  of  “reprimanding”?    What  is  the  definition?  

2. Why  does  Proctor  refer  to  the  farm  as  a  continent?    Give  evidence  to  support  your  answer.  

3. Why  does  Proctor  want  flowers  in  the  house?    Give  evidence.  4. Why  does  he  refer  to  the  house  as  “winter”  when  it  is  spring  outside?  5. Do  you  think  that  John  and  Elizabeth  have  had  problems  before?    Give  

evidence  from  the  text.  6. What  does  the  word  “forbid”  mean  in  the  line  “You  heard  me  forbid  her  to  go  

to  Salem  any  more!”?    What  does  this  say  about  the  role  of  the  man  in  this  society?  

7. Why  does  Proctor  tell  Elizabeth  that  Elizabeth  has  a  “fault”?    Give  evidence.  8. What  is  Elizabeth’s  response?    What  do  you  think  it  means?  

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9. Why  does  Proctor  call  Mary  a  “mouse”?    What  does  this  metaphor  tell  you  about  how  Proctor  sees  Mary?  

10. What  does  Elizabeth  reveal  about  the  court?    Give  evidence.    

Section  4:    Begin  with  “Elizabeth:    I  would  go  to  God…  and  end  with  “Elizabeth:    Then  let  you  not  earn  it.”  Questions  for  Section  4:  

1. What  does  the  word  “astonished”  mean  when  Proctor  implies  that  a  court  has  been  formed?    Explain  your  answer.  

2. Why  is  John  unable  to  “grasp”  what  Elizabeth  is  saying?    Give  evidence.  3. Look  up  the  word  “scoffing”  and  explain  why  the  author  used  it  in  this  

section.  4. Why  does  Abigail  have  so  much  power  in  the  court?    Give  evidence  from  the  

text.  5. What  do  you  think  John  means  by  “it  is  a  black  mischief”?    Explain.  6. What  does  Elizabeth  want  John  to  do?    Give  evidence.  7. What  clues  in  the  conversation  between  John  and  Elizabeth  near  the  end  of  

this  text  allow  the  reader  to  know  that  there  has  been  trouble  between  them?    Give  evidence.    

     

Standards  with  this  lesson:      ELACC11-­‐12RL1:  Cite  strong  and  thorough  textual  evidence  to  support  analysis  of  what  the  text  says  explicitly  as  well  as  inferences  drawn  from  the  text,  including  determining  where  the  text  leaves  matters  uncertain.  

ELACC11-­‐12RL3:  Analyze  the  impact  of  the  author’s  choices  regarding  how  to  develop  and  relate  elements  of  a  story  or  drama  (e.g.,  where  a  story  is  set,  how  the  action  is  ordered,  how  the  characters  are  introduced  and  developed).  

ELACC11-­‐12RL4:  Determine  the  meaning  of  words  and  phrases  as  they  are  used  in  the  text,  including  figurative  and  connotative  meanings;  analyze  the  impact  of  specific  word  choices  on  meaning  and  tone,  including  words  with  multiple  meanings  or  language  that  is  particularly  fresh,  engaging,  or  beautiful.  (Include  Shakespeare  as  well  as  other  authors.)  

ELACC11-­‐12RL10:  By  the  end  of  grade  11,  read  and  comprehend  literature,  including  stories,  dramas,  and  poems,  in  the  grades  11-­‐CCR  text  complexity  band  proficiently,  with  scaffolding  as  needed  at  the  high  end  of  the  range.  

 

ELACC11-­‐12SL1:  Initiate  and  participate  effectively  in  a  range  of  collaborative  discussions  (one-­‐on-­‐one,  in  groups,  and  teacher-­‐led)  with  diverse  partners  on  grades  11-­‐12  topics,  texts,  and  issues,  building  on  others’  ideas  and  expressing  their  own  clearly  and  persuasively.  

b.  Work  with  peers  to  set  rules  for  collegial  discussions  and  decision-­‐making,  set  clear  goals  and  deadlines,  and  establish  individual  roles  as  needed.  

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c.  Propel  conversations  by  posing  and  responding  to  questions  that  probe  reasoning  and  evidence;  ensure  a  hearing  for  a  full  range  of  positions  on  a  topic  or  issue;  clarify,  verify,  or  challenge  ideas  and  conclusions;  and  promote  divergent  and  creative  perspectives.  

ELACC11-­‐12L4:  Determine  or  clarify  the  meaning  of  unknown  and  multiple-­‐meaning  words  and  phrases  based  on  grades  11-­‐12  reading  and  content,  choosing  flexibly  from  a  range  of  strategies.  

a.  Use  context  (e.g.,  the  overall  meaning  of  a  sentence,  paragraph,  or  text;  a  word’s  position  or  function  in  a  sentence)  as  a  clue  to  the  meaning  of  a  word  or  phrase.  

Instructional  Shift  for  ELA:  

Shift  :  Regular  practice  with  complex  text  and  its  academic  language  (text  complexity,  close  reading,  academic  language)    

 

 

Created  by  Mary  Stout,  August  17,  2014