CLIMATE MONITORING FROM SPACE -- challenges, actions & perspectivesYang JunChina Meteorological Administration

WMO Cg-XVI Side EventAn architecture for climate monitoring from spaceGeneva, May 18, 2011

Impacts of Space-based Measurements Direct broadcast allows products to be used worldwide

Satellite data has been greatly improving global weather forecast, short-term climate analysis and diagnosis

Quick, reliable space-based observations play key roles in natural disasters monitoring, ecosystem and environment monitoring

Aviation safety, air quality monitoring, renewable energy , are becoming new thrust for satellite data

And today, Observations from space support better understanding, predictions, mitigation and adaptation of climate change

STRONG REQUIREMENTS: for climate monitoring from spaceGCOS requirementsGFCS requirements Response to climate changeOperational monitoring of weather / climate extreme eventsPublic awareness

CHALLENGE: Scientific issues -- Satellite-based climate products developmentClimate signal from satellite observations accuracy, consistency, representativeness, comprehensiveness, Calibration - the foundation for high quality climate productsData analysis & reanalysis- satellite observation, with other advanced data to generate the climate dataset for Global Climate ModelAdvanced inverse methodologies

CHALLENGETechnical issues -- data use and applicationData fusion for multiple sensors, multiple platforms Long term historic data re-processingAccess to large amount of data and productsApplication outreach and user training

CHALLENGE: International CoordinationObservation plan coordinationR&D to operational satellites transition and contingencyData and products standardization, algorithm and experience sharing.Data policy and data sharing

ACTIONS: We need develop an architecture for monitoring climate from space

To collect and define requirementsTo develop space infrastructures and enhance climate observing capabilitiesTo promote open, easy and fast ways for climate dataset accessTo focus on scientific and technical problems we have to confront with, and lead to final solutionsTo conduct international cooperation

PERSPECTIVES: Benefits we expect from the development of the architecture Understand requirements from different aspects based on RRRReceive guidance to space missions in both orbits and instrumentsShare algorithms and experiences for the development of ECVsShare data and productsBuild an end to end climate monitoring system at national level

CMAs Contributions to Climate Monitoring from SpaceCurrent Satellites In-orbit

*Climate Instruments onboard FY-3A/BTOU/SBUS: Global Ozone MonitoringERB/SIM: Earth radiation budget

More Emphasis on Climate Monitoring Capabilities in Future Polar-orbiting SatellitesHyper-spectral soundingAtmosphere Chemistry soundingCO2CH4GPS radio occultationSea surface wind microwave scatterometer.

Launch plan of FY-3 follow-ons

No.LaunchOrbitStatusFY-3C2012 (plan)AMOp.FY-3D2014(plan)PMOp.FY-3E2016(plan)AMOp.FY-3F2018(plan)PMOp.

GeoSat: Considering applications in both weather and climate Long term plan has been made for steady transition from FY-2 to FY-4

2014

Working Time (4 years)

Working Time (4 years)

Working Time (5 years)

Working Time (7 years)

FY-2F

FY-2G

FY-2H

FY-4A (Experimental)

FY-4B (Operational)

Working Time (4 years)

2011

2013

2017

2015

2019

CMAs ContributionsMore than 20 years satellite dataset for Climate useWMOs Regional Training Centres, Centres of Excellence(CoEs)Involvements in international cooperationCMCGMSGSICSNew membership of CEOS since 2010

CMAs experiences over past 40 yearsLong term satellite plan at national level is crucial to keep no-gap operation and continuous observationsHigh priorities have been put on integrated climate observing system including space-based & in-situ observations.Open data policy and effective data management has greatly promoted data application. Early user involvement is necessary for successful data use. Broad national and international cooperation helps to exchange data and expertise, and to foster the S&T progresses.

SummaryDue to strong requirements for monitoring climate from space, it is necessary for WMO members to consider developing an architecture to meet these requirements.CMA strongly supports the concept of the space-based architecture for monitoring climate, and is willing to make further contributions for its implementation. It is suggested that WMO space programme further coordinate with other technical commissions, organizations and space agencies to work out detailed technical descriptions for the architecture based upon current concept documents.

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