Climate, Community and Biodiversity Project Design Standards

Climate, Community and BiodiversityProject Design Standards

SECOND EDITION IN CHINESE

1

CCBA

CCBA

2003 CCBA

CCBA Conservation

International CARE Rainforest Alliance The Nature

Conservancy Wildlife Conservation Society BP

GFA Envest Intel SC Johnson

Sustainable Forestry Management Ltd. Weyerhaeuser

CCBA www.climate-standards.org

[email protected]

CCB John O. Niles and Toby Janson-Smith (CCBA);Cathleen Kelly,

Jenny Henman and Bill Stanley (The Nature Conservancy); Louis Verchot (ICRAF);Bruno

Locatelli (CIRAD-CATIE); Daniel Murdiyarso (CIFOR); Michael Dutschke and Axel

Michaelowa (Hamburg Institute of International Economics); Agus Sari and Olivia Tanujaya

(Pelangi); Michael Totten and Sonal Pandya (Conservation International); Sam Stier; and Carina

Romero.

CCB

Charles Ehrhart (CARE International), Lucio Pedroni and Zenia Salinas (CATIE), Joanna Durbin

and Steven Panfil (CCBA), Louis Verchot (CIFOR), Bruno Locatelli (CIRAD-CIFOR), Toby

Janson-Smith(Conservation International), Jan Fehse (EcoSecurities), Joachim Sell (First Climate),

Diana Suarez Barbosa (Gaia Amazonas), Kanyinke Sena (Indigenous Peoples of Africa

Coordinating Committee),Jeffrey Hayward (Rainforest Alliance), Jenny Henman and Michael

Parsons (Sustainable Forestry Management), David Shoch (The Nature Conservancy), Martin

Schroeder (TUV SUD), Gabe Petlin (3Degrees), Linda Krueger (Wildlife Conservation Society),

Sarah Walker (Winrock International), and Steve Ruddell (WWF).

CCB

Kathryn Shanks and Chris Herlugson (BP); Carmenza Robledo, Igino Emmer and Juan

Garcia Quijano (ENCOFOR); Ed Kirk, Fiona Mackay and Charlie Williams (Clean Air

Action Corporation and TIST); Lew Falbo (SC Johnson); Terry McManus (Intel); Joachim

Schnurr and Gerald Kapp (GFA Envest); Suzie Greenhalgh (World Resources Institute); Peter

Frumhoff (Union of Concerned Scientists); Benoit Bosquet and Jeff Ramin (World Bank);

Paul Desanker (Ministry of Mines, Nat. Res. and Environmental Affairs, Malawi); Madeleine

Rose Diouf (Direction de l'Environnement et des Etablissements Classes, Senegal); Libasse

Ba and Moussa Cisse (ENDA Energy,Senegal); Mamadou Honadia (Ministère de

l'Environnement et du Cadre de Vie, Burkina Faso); Emily Ojoo-Massawa (Climate Change

Project National Environment Management Authority, Kenya); William Clark (Harvard

2

University); Zoe Kant, Fran Price, Ellen Hawes, Jaime Fernandez, Patrick Gonzalez Michelle

Libby-Tewis and Miguel Calmon (TNC); Martha Avery, Bob Billy and Cassie Phillips

(Weyerhaeuser); Rebecca Livermore, John Pilgrim, Mike Hoffman, Conrad Savy, Matt Foster,

Celia Harvey, Jonathan Philipsborn, Olaf Zerbock, Kristen Walker, Susan Stone, Theresa

Buppert, Ben Campbell, Lee Hannah, Radhika Dave and Ana Rodrigues (Conservation

International); Paulo Moutinho (Instituto de Pesquisa Ambiental da Amazonia); Bernardo

Reyes (Institute for Political Ecology); Philip M. Gwage (Ministry of Water, Lands and

Environment, Uganda); Jaime Quispe, Jörg Seifert-Granzin and Richard Vaca (FAN);

Remberto Paticú Lopez (Parque Nacional Noel Kempff Mercado); Benjamin Kroll Saldana

and Edson Albengrin Koel (ProNaturaleza); Patrick Karani (Bureau of Environmental

Analysis, Kenya); Brad Gerstein and Xavier Vanvlasselaer (Gerstein Design); Adam

Wolfensohn; Wilfredo Aragón Montes; Jose Palamino Yamamoto; Jacob Olander; Sandra

Brown and Tim Pearson (Winrock); Phil Franks and Jonathan Haskett (CARE); Greg Janetos

(SFM); Rezal A. Kusumaatmadja (Starling Resources); David Huberman (IUCN); Ken

Creighton (WWF); Daniel Hall (Forest Ethics) Michelle Passero (EcoSecurities); Ralph

Strebel (Carbon Conservation); Amanda Hawn, MaryKate Hanlon and Brian Shillinglaw

(New Forests); Gary Dodge (FCS-US); Moriz Vohrer (CarbonFix); John Fellowes and

Michael Lau (China Programme of Kadoorie Farm & Botanic Garden); Danielle Gagne;

Robert Seaton (Brinkman & Associates Reforestation Ltd.); Martin Walter; Steven

Apfelbaum (Applied Ecological Services); Natasha Calderwood and Zoe Harkin (FFI); David

Ross, Alina Lenth and Roberto Pedraza Ruiz (Sierra Gorda Reserve); Anathea Brooks

(UNESCO); Abhirup Sen (Emergent ventures India Private Limited); Philip Bubb

(UNEP-WCMC); Denise K. Johnsson; Brian Shillinglaw (New Forests) and Nigel Crawhall

(Indigenous Peoples of Africa Coordinating Committee).

CCBA( ) (Shan Shui Conservation

Center) CCB CCBA

CI-China

CCBA. 2008. Climate, Community & Biodiversity Project Design Standards Second Edition.

CCBA, Arlington, VA. December, 2008. At: www.climate-standards.org.

3

CCB 2005 5

CCB

the Center for

International Forestry Research, CIFOR, the

Tropical Agricultural Research and Higher Education Center, CATIE,

the World Agroforestry Centre, ICRAF,

CCB

2008 11 6 10

16 1,385,190 440

100 CCBA CCB 40%

35% 20%

43% REDD 30% 30%

16% 14%

3%

CCB

CCB

CCB

REDD

REDD

CCB

CCB

CCB

CCBA 2008 2 CCB

www.climate-standards.org

1.0 2008 6 14 8 11 60 2.0

10 9 11 8 30

2008 12 6 CIFOR

Forest Day 2 CCB

4

5

...................................................................................................................................................1

...................................................................................................................................................5

...................................................................................................................................................6

CCB ...............................................................................................................................7

CCB .......................................................................................................................7

...........................................................................................................................................8

.......................................................................................................................................9

G1. ...........................................................................................................9

G2. .........................................................................................................................10

G3. .............................................................................................................11

G4. .....................................................................................................12

G5. .................................................................................................13

.........................................................................................................................................15

CL1. .......................................................................................................15

CL2. ...............................................................................15

CL3. ...............................................................................................................16

.........................................................................................................................................17

CM1. ..................................................................................................17

CM2. ..................................................................................17

CM3. ..............................................................................................................18

.............................................................................................................................19

B1. ..........................................................................................19

B2. ......................................................................................19

B3. ......................................................................................................20

.................................................................................................................................21

GL1. ...................................................................................................21

GL2. ...........................................................................................................22

GL3. ...............................................................................................22

A ..............................................................................................................24

B ...............................................................................................................................33

6

1The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate

Change’s Fourth Assessment Report

30%2

CCB

CCB

1 - CCB

CCB

2 -

CCB

3 - CCB

1

IPCC

http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar4/syr/ar4_syr.pdf 2 5.0 http://cait.wri.org/cait.php

7

CCB ODA

CCB

CCB

REDD

CCB

CCB

CCB

CCB

CCB Clean Development Mechanism, CDM

Voluntary Carbon Standard, VCS CCB

CCB

CCB

CCB CCBA

CCB

CDM VCS

CCB

CCB CCB

CCB CCB

5

www.climate-standards.org/projects


8

G1.

G2.

G3.

G4.

G5.

CL1.

CL2.

CL3.

CM1.

CM2.

CM3.

B1.

B2.

B3.

? GL1.

? GL2.

? GL3.

CCB

-

-

9

G1.

3 4

G2

1.

2.

3.

4. 20065

IPCC 2006 GL for AFOLU6

5. 7

8 9

6. 10

10

G5

7. 11

8. High Conservation Values, HCVs12

3

4

5 4 http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2006gl/vo14.html

6

7

B 8 B

9

10

11

12

High Conservation Value Resource Network

http://hcvnetwork.org/ HCVs

10

8.1

a 13

b 14

c 15

d

8.2

8.3 16

8.4

8.5

8.6

G2.

1. IPCC 2006 GL for AFOLU17

2.

18

3.

IPCC 2006 GL for AFOLU

13

- IUCN Protected Area Management

Categories -

http://www.iucn.org/about/union/commissions/wcpa/wcpa_work/wcpa_strategic/wcpa_science/wcpa_categories/in

dex.cfm Ramsar

14

IUCN CR EN VU

www.iucnredlist.org B IUCN

15

16

17

18

11

19G3

20CH4 N2O CO2

5% CO2 CO2

21

REDD

/22

/23

4.

5.

G3.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6. 24

G1

19

20

21

CDM http://cdm.unfccc.int/EB/031/eb31_repan16.pdf 22

/ 23

24

Convention on Biological Diversity 1992

12

7.

8. 25

26

27

9.

CCBA28

CCBA

10.

30

11.

G4.

1.

2.

25

26

27

CCB

28

CCBA CCBA www.climate-standards.org

CCB 30

13

3.

4.

5. 29

6.

7.

G5.

G1

1. 30

2. /

3. 31

32

4. 33

29

30

31

32

United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples 33

14

34

5.

6.

34 United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples

15

CL1.

1. IPCC 2006 GL for AFOLU35

G2

2. 5% CO2

CO2 CH4 N2O

3. 36 37

4.

CO2

CL2.3

5.

CL2.

1. 38

35

36



16

2.

3.

CL1.4

4. 5%

CO2 CO2

CL3.

CCB

1.

CL2

5

CO2 5%39

CO2

5% CO2

2. 6 12

39

CDM http://cdm.unfccc.int/EB/031/eb31_repan16.pdf

17

CM1.

G1

1. 40

G1

41

G2

2. G1.8.4-642

CM2.

43

1.

2.

3.

40

A 41

42

G1.8.4

G1.8.5

G1.8.6

G1.8.1-3 B1 43

18

CM3.

CCB

1. 44

2.

G1.8.4-6

3. 6 12

44

19

B1.

G1 45

46

genetically modified organisms, GMOs

GMOs

1. 47

G2

2. G1.8.1-348

3.

4.

5.

B2.

45

http://www.issg.org/database 46

47

A 48

G1.8.1

G1.8.2

G1.8.3

G1.8.4-6 CM1

20

1.

2.

3.

B3.

CCB

1. 49

2.

G1.8.1-3

3. 6 12

49

21

GL1.

/

1.

2. 50

3. 51

/52

4. 53

/54

50

/

51

52

Maxent

http://www.cs.princeton.edu/~schapire/maxent/

IPCC4 A1 A2 Hadley or Japan GCM 1km http://www.worldclim.org

Maxent 53

54

22

GL2.

1. low human development country

medium or high human development country55

50%

2. 50%

3.

4.

5.

GL3.

CCB

Key Biodiversity

Area, KBA56

173

55

UNDP UNDP Human Development Report

http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/hdr_20072008_en_complete.pdf 56

A

23

1.

IUCN

1.1 CR EN - 1

1.2 VU - 30 10

2.

57

2.1 - 50000 5%

2.2 - 5%

2.3 - 1%

2.4 - 1%

57

CCB

24

A

CCB

CCB

G1.

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: http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2006gl/vol4.html

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n)

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G2.

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TimberCAM) (GEOMOD58

FRCA59

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c)

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g) Cock, M.J.W. 2004. : - . FAO

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c)

d)

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e) :

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CM1.

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c) (WRI). 2003. : . ,

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d) Stec, S. 2003. . (REC), ,

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e) Ellis, F. . , 2000.

f) : , , .

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.

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30

i) , (IUCN/SSC)

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).

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d) D. B. Lindenmayer and J. F. Franklin (eds.). 2002. :

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31

b) Maxent .

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c) IPCC A1 A2 Hadley

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d) (FAO) :

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7522~isCURL:Y~menuPK:336998~pagePK:148956~piPK:216618~theSitePK:336992,00.html

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c) ” ” : .

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d) : , 2005.

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h) CARE. 2002. . .

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i) Maxwell, D., B.Watkins, R. Wheeler and G. Collins. 2003. : .

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32

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Silva, N., Edgar, G.J., Eken, G., Fishpool, L.D.C., Fonseca, G.A.B. da, Foster, M.N., Knox, D.H.,

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Ng, R., Sindorf, N., Robertson, J., Armijo, E., Higgins, J.V., Heibel, T.J., Wikramanayake, E.,

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: Spalding, M., Fox, H.E., Allen, G.R., Davidson, N., Ferdana, Z.A., Finlayson, M., Halpern,

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f) :

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: http://www.worldwildlife.org/science/ecoregions/freshwater.html

: http://www.worldwildlife.org/science/ecoregions/marine/item1266.html

33

B

Adaptive Management -

Additionality -

CDM

AFOLU-

Auditor - CCB

CCB

CCB

Baseline -

Biodiversity -

61

Carbon Dioxide, CO2 -3.666 1

Carbon Dioxide Equivalent, CO2e -

GWP

200-450 CO2 1 9-15 CH4

22 22 120

N2O 310

Carbon Pools -

Carbon Stocks -

Carbon Sink -

Carbon Source -

CCBA CCBA public comment period - CCBA CCB


30

Clean Development Mechanism, CDM - 12

61

2. . . . http://www.cbd.int/convention/convention.shtml.

34

1

CERs 1

http://cdm.unfccc.int

Climate Change Mitigation - GHG

Communities - CCB

Customary rights -

Criteria - CCB 17 14

3

Ecosystem -62

Endemic species -

Genetically Modified Organism, GMO -

Greenhouse Gases, GHG -

CO2

CH4 N2O

High Conservation Values - Forest Stewardship Council

6 http://hcvnetwork.org/

1.

a.

b.

c.

d.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

62

2. . . http://www.cbd.int/convention/articles.shtml?a=cbd-02.

35

Indicators - CCB

Indigenous Peoples -

a)

b)

c)

d) 63

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, IPCC -

1988 UNEP WMO

IPCC

http://www.ipcc.ch/

Invasive Species -

http://www.issg.org/database

IPCC 2006 GL for AFOLU- 2006 4

. http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2006gl/vol4.html

Key Biodiversity Areas -

www.iucn.org/dbtw-wpd/edocs/PAG-015.pdf

IUCN

a) CR EN - 1

b) VU - 30 10

a) - 50000 5%

b) - 5%

c) - 1%

d) - 1%

e)

Kyoto Protocol to the UNFCCC -

1 2008 2012

1990 5%

IET JI CDM

LULUCF -

63

, OP4.10, 2005 7 , 4.

36

Leakage -

Local laws -

Native -

Non-native -

Permanence -

Voluntary Carbon Standard

Precautionary principle - 1992

Project -

Project area -

Project GHG accounting period -

Project lifetime -

Project start date - CCB

Project zone -

Project Proponents -

/

Protected Area -

/

REDD-

Reforestation - /

2008-2012

1990

Sequestration -

Threatened species -

IUCN CR EN VU IUCN

IUCN

IUCN

37

IUCN

IUCN 2001 IUCN 2003

http://www.iucnredlist.org IUCN

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change,

UNFCCC - UNFCCC CBD 1992

UNCED

http://unfccc.int

Voluntary Carbon Standard VCS - the Climate Group

the International Emissions Trading Association, IETA the

World Economic Forum World Business Council for

Sustainable Development

http://www.v-c-s.org

Workers -