Classifying Macromolecules

Macromolecules are placed into groups based on their chemical composition

The four types of macromolecules are Carbohydrates Proteins Lipids Nucleic Acids

Proteins

What foods do you think have protein in them?

Actually, all foods have at least a little, but some foods are higher than others

Proteins are Super Important

Structure

Proteins are made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen

Structure

They are polymers made of monomers of amino acids

Size

Proteins are very large ,often made of thousands of amino acids

Amino Acids

There are 20 different amino acids. All proteins are made from combinations of these amino acids.

Structure

Proteins are long chains of amino acids that are linked together through a special type of bond called a peptide bond.

What is this process called?

Other Names

Sometimes people call proteins polypeptides because they are made of many amino acids linked by peptide bonds

Structure

When all of the amino acids are assembled in a chain, the protein will fold itself into a very specific shape.

Structure

The shape of a protein often determines its function.

Structure

Proteins are very sensitive to changes in pH and temperature

Changes in pH and temperature change the shape of the protein, meaning that it probably won’t function correctly anymore.

3 Major Functions of Proteins

Some proteins help transport materials in and out of cells

3 Major Functions of Proteins

Some proteins form important cell structures

3 Major Functions of Proteins

Some proteins, known as enzymes, control the rate of reactions and regulate processes

Testing Procedure

Add Biuret solutionBlue means no proteinPurple means proteins are present

Question Answer

How do you test for proteins?

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