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Classification
The History of Organization
Aristotle 384-322 BCInterested in biological classification.
Patterns in nature.
Carl Linnaeus1707-1778 ACE
Father ofBiological
Classification!
Binomial Nomenclature
Two-word naming system– Genus
• Noun, Capitalized, Underlined or Italicized
– Species• Descriptive, Lower Case,
Underlined or Italicized
Common name: Robin
• Erithacus rubicula
• Turdus migratorus
Common name: Black and Polar Bear
Ursus americanus
Ursus maritimus
The Science of Classification
Scientist who classify ororganize organisms (animals and plants)
are called taxonomists.
Taxonomists study taxonomy.
What is Classification?
Classification arranges objects, ideas, or information
into groups by finding common
traits or characteristics.
Engage Activity: Classification
• Get to a table, take a baggy and classify the items into 2 groups.
• Write down the characteristics for each group.• Split those groups into 2 groups.• Write down the common characteristics for
those new groups.
Share - compare with the group next to you.
Are your groups: the same, similar or different?
In order to make their job easier, scientists classify living things into groups, based on how they are the same, and how they are different.
Cladograms are used to…
• Organize organisms based on evolutionary relationships.
In other words…• who is related to who
and where did we come from…
On your paper:
K-
P-
C-
O-
F-
G-
s-
Groups are also arranged in hierarchical order.
Hierarchical Classification
• Taxonomic categories– Kingdom (big) King– Phylum Philip– Class Came– Order Over– Family For– Genus Grape– Species (small) Soda
Binomial Nomenclature!
Activity - Mnemonic
On the KPCOFGS of paper, create your own sentence to help you remember the order of
classification.
my example:
King Philip Come Over For Grape Soda
What are Dichotomous Keys?
• a method for determining the identity of something (like the name of a butterfly, a plant, a lichen, or a rock) by going through a series of choices that leads the user to the correct name of the item.
• Dichotomous means "divided in two parts".
Using a dichotomous keyAt each step of the process of using the key, the user is
given two choices; each alternative leads to another question until the item is identified.
1a. If the leaves are flat….go to question 4. 1b. If the leaves are needle-like….go to question 2.2a. Are the needles in a bunch? Go to question 52b. Are they spread along the branch?“…pine tree
Eventually, when enough questions have been answered, the identity of the tree is revealed.
Activity –Using a Dichotomous Key
Classify the Crazy Creatures
New Discoveries
Questions
How can you answer these questions?
Why is Taxonomy Important?
Unknown species discovered.
New fossil Uncovered.
Exit Ticket
Alphabet Soup
On a separate sheet of paper, create a sentence of something you learned today that must begin with your letter.