Classification of waste presentation.pptx

7/22/2019 Classification of waste presentation.pptx

1/92

WASTE

refuse from places of human or animal habitation: as (1): garbage, rubbish (2) : excrement often used in plural

(3) : sewage

Waste is defined as any object that is unwanted orunusable.


2/92


3/92


4/92


5/92


6/92


7/92


8/92

Japan


9/92Hongkong


10/92

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304389408000022


11/92

http://www.lincoln.bizland.com/trash/id25.htm

According to physical characteristics:

Solid

Liquid

Soluble

InsolubleAccording to chemical characteristics:

Chemically

Active

Inactive


12/92


Consistency:

Solid less than 70% water

Liquid less than 1% solid

Sludge between 3% and 25% solids


13/92


According to the danger and risk the wastes pose to the environment and

health:

Hazardous pose risk to the environment or human health

Non-hazardous pose no immediate risk to the health

Special contain specific components e.g. radioactive wastes and medical

wastes


14/92


15/92


Recyclability:

RecyclableNon-recyclable


16/92


17/92

From sewers

View of storage ponds containing hazardous liquid waste during an insitu chemical treatment process. The storage ponds are part of the

Martin Marietta plant at Oak Ridge, Tennessee, which produces

materials and components for nuclear weapons.

Liquid wastes- contains less than 1%

solid


18/92


19/92


20/92


21/92

http://wiki.answers.com/Q/How_does_pollution_affect_the_water_cycle

Air pollution causes some of moisture in the clouds to evaporate before it ever hits

the ground. It has also been theorized that air pollution reduces ground level winds,which can decrease evaporation from lakes and rivers, which is needed for

precipitation.


22/92

Wastes can be classified into:

Biodegradable Wastesdecomposed by the natural processes

and converted into the elemental form.

Examples: Kitchen garbage, animal dung


23/92

Wastes can be classified into:

Non-biodegradable Wastes - cannot be decomposed and remain

as such in the environment.


24/92

http://eng.me.go.kr/content.do?method=moveContent&menuCode=res_kid_rec_waste


25/92

In some areas, there are 5X more

plastic particles than planktons

Plastic particles are

absorbed by planktons

into their bodies

http://www.lochnessproject.org/adrian_shine_archiveroom/arcpix/SN88PIX/loch_ness_zooplankton_lifts_13C.htm

https://reader009.{domain}/reader009/html5/0309/5aa194abaf745/5aa1


26/92

Municipal Solid Wastes(Urban Solid Waste)

(aka) trash or garbage (US), refuse or rubbish (UK)


27/92

Municipal Solid Wastes(Urban Solid Waste)

(aka) trash or garbage (US), refuse or rubbish (UK)

everyday items that are discarded by the public.

Recyclable materials also fall under municipal waste such as paper, glass, bottles,

cans, metals and certain plastics.


28/92

DOMESTIC WASTE


29/92

Construction or Demolition Wastes- are unwanted materials produced in:

construction

concrete

Wood

debris from insulation, electrical wiring,Such trash may contain lead, asbestos and other hazardous materials.


30/92

Construction or Demolition Wastes- are unwanted materials produced in:

construction

concrete

Wood

debris from insulation, electrical wiring,Such trash may contain lead, asbestos and other hazardous materials.


31/92


32/92


33/92

Commercial wastes


34/92


35/92

Medical Wastes or Clinical Wastes

from healthcare premises like hospitals, clinics, laboratories and nursing homes.

Examples

Blood

sharp and pointed materials (needles, scalpels, lancets)

identifiable body parts.


36/92


37/92


38/92


39/92


40/92


41/92


42/92


43/92


44/92


45/92


46/92


47/92


48/92


49/92


50/92


51/92


52/92


53/92


54/92


55/92


56/92


57/92


58/92


59/92

Heptachlor


60/92

Toxaphene is an insecticide. It is amixture of closely related substances whose use

is now banned in most of the world due to

concerns of toxicity.

When inhaled or ingested, sufficient quantitiesof toxaphene can damage the lungs, nervous

system and kidneys and may cause death.

http://www.chem.unep.ch/pops/images/toxaphen.gif


61/92


62/92


63/92


64/92

H f l ff t f Mi (D hl )


65/92

Harmful effects of Mirex (Dechlorane)

Classified by the EPA as probably causing cancer in humans

Harmful effects on stomach and intestinesDamages the liver and kidneys

Harms the eyes and thyroid gland

May be the cause of increased miscarriages

Causes damage to the nervous system and the reproductive

system

Infants may exposed through breast milk

Eating contaminated fish and shellfish

To some extent it may be in drinking waterInhalation


66/92


67/92


68/92

Ch b l I id


69/92

http://library.thinkquest.org/3426/

Chernobyl Incident

Health Effects : Many of those who survived the explosion will turn up with cancer some

20 years from the accident

Chernobyl affected the health of many people throughout Russia.Fatalities caused by Chernobyl stands at 31 officially.

Around 600,000 however were classified as being "significantly exposed" and will have

their health monitored their whole lives.

Twenty-four people were disabled by the accident, some so severely they were left as

invalids for the rest of there lives.

Two-hundred thirty-eight people have suffered acute radiation syndrome.Agriculture and Livestock Effects: Foods had to be banned that were considered

contaminated

The agricultural effects: will continue to last for many years after the health effects cease

Rural Population Effects:

The areas of Russia that were affected most were the rural areas


70/92


71/92


72/92


73/92


74/92

One of the first calves to experience

mutations. This calf has a cleft lip.

http://library.thinkquest.org/3426/data/local-effects/agriculture.effects.html

At the animal farm of the Petrovsky collective farm I

was shown a suckling pig whose head looked like that of

a frog: instead of eyes there were large tissue

outgrowths with no cornea or pupil. 'They usually die

soon after birth but this one has survived. acorrespondent for Moscow news


75/92

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2142849/Haunting-shots-Chernobyl-nuclear-disaster-revealed-true-scale-catastrophe--cost-photographers-lives.html


76/92

Gaining unauthorised access to the plant, by hitching a lift on a military lead-covered

helicopter flight, he has admitted to 'foolishly' opening the window to take pictures.


77/92

But, even though he wore a lead protective suit and placed his equipment in lead

boxes, he came back home with nothing to show for his determination to document

the crisis.

The radiation was so high that all his shots turned out black - and so he returned,

nine days after the blast, to fire off frames as soldiers frantically shovelled debris

over the ruined roof.

Kostin's work in the days after the blast and in subsequent years on Chernobyl won

him a World Press Photo Prize.

But it also exposed him to heavy levels of radiation.

He has undergone several thyroid operations, with thyroid cancer one of the most

widespread consequences of the blast.

Valery Zufarov died in 1993, aged 52, of Chernobyl-related diseases.

His first pictures were made from a helicopter 25 meters above the plant. Volodymyr

Repik, now 66, last year said that, if he had his time again, he would not have gone

to Chernobyl because the risk of death was so high.

Pripyat, close to the power plant, has been left a ghost town since the explosion at

the plant caused radiation to leak from a nuclear reactor.

The 50,000 residents were evacuated in a major government operation starting the

day after the catastrophe, on April 27.

The battle to contain the contamination and avert a greater catastrophe ultimately

involved over 500,000 workers and cost an estimated 18 billion rubles, crippling the

Soviet economy.

Thirty-one reactor staff and emergency workers were killed in the nuclear disaster,

although a report in 2006 estimated the spread of radiation would eventually lead to

between 30,000 and 60,000 cancer deaths.

SPECIAL WASTE


78/92

REQUIRES SPECIAL DISPOSAL ARRANGEMENT


79/92

In the early 1330s an outbreak of deadlybubonic plague occurred in China. The bubonic

plague mainly affects rodents, but fleas can

transmit the disease to people. Once people

are infected, they infect others very rapidly.

Plague causes fever and a painful swelling of

the lymph glands called buboes, which is howit gets its name. The disease also causes spots

on the skin that are red at first and then turn

black.

25 million people died in just under five years between 1347

and 1352. Estimated population of Europe from 1000 to

1352.

1000 38 million

1100 48 million

1200 59 million

1300 70 million

1347 75 million

1352 50 million


80/92


81/92

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Comparison_Black_Rat_Brown_Rat_EN.svg/669px-Comparison_Black_Rat_Brown_Rat_EN.svg.png


82/92


83/92


84/92


85/92


86/92

PUBLIC CLEANSING WASTE


87/92


88/92


89/92


90/92


91/92

$2.5 B $ 4B for 200 sq. km.


92/92

Documents

Classification of waste presentation.pptx