April 2005

Objective

Host basalt

Classification

Conclusion

Acknowledgement

I would like to express my sincere thanks to the OrganisingCommittee for the World Geothermal Congress 2005 for giving me an opportunity to present poster in this congress. Great thankful to JICA and Japanese lecturers for providing me the knowledge of Geothermal energy. Thanks to my colleagues for helping me prepare the paper and poster; especially Miss Supaporn Rungsuwansakul.

Most of hot springs in Thailand are classified in sodium bicarbonate in composition. In the northern part of the country the thermal water generally exhibits strong smell of sulfur and high in SiO2 and F contents. However for those located in the South are viceversa. The surface temperature of the water is between 32 o C – 99 o

C. The SiO2 geothermometer suggests the estimated reservoirtemperature ranging from 73 o C to 202 o C.

Three bases of hot spring classification systems; temperature, pH and geothermal usage are utilized. On the basis of temperature, there are two classes of hot springs in Thailand: 62 % of hot spring are hyperthermal spring (50-99o C) and 38% show thermal spring (30-50o C). There are three classes achieved on the basis of pH values: 68 % of hot springs exhibit weak alkaline (7.5-9), 24% show neutral (6-7.5) and 8% are alkaline (9-10) springs. Upon geothermal usage basis there are 4 types classified : power plant (only one hot

spring), tourism(43%), consumption(17%)and unutilized (39%).

The most popularity use of hot spring trend in Thailand is hot spring for tourism.

.

KHON KAEN

.

BANGKOK

RAYONG

.

PHICHIT

.

CHIANG MAI.

SURAT THANI.

.

PHUKET

14°

16°

18°

100°98°

6°

8°

10°

12°

100°98° 102° 104° 106°

20° 20°

106°102° 104°

6°

8°

10°

18°

12°

14°

16°

6 to 7.5 Neutral7.5 to 9 Weak akaline9 to 10 Akaline

By pH

.

KHON KAEN

.

BANGKOK

RAYONG

.

PHICHIT

.

CHIANG MAI.

SURAT THANI.

.

PHUKET

14°

16°

18°

100°98°

6°

8°

10°

12°

100°98° 102° 104° 106°

20° 20°

106°102° 104°

6°

8°

10°

18°

12°

14°

16°

Cold sparing <20<20 Hydrothemal <30<30 Thermal <50<50 Hyperthemal <99

By TemperatureCold spring < 20

<20 Hydrothermal < 30

<30 Thermal <50

<50 Hyperthermal <99

Hot Spring Classification Map of Thailand

Temperature Basis

6 to 7.5 Neutral

7.5 to 9 Weak alkaline

9 to 10 Alkaline

pH Basis

Hot Spring Classification Map of Thailand

.

KHON KAEN

.

BANGKOK

RAYONG

.

PHICHIT

.

CHIANG MAI.

SURAT THANI.

.

PHUKET

14°

16°

18°

100°98°

6°

8°

10°

12°

100°98° 102° 104° 106°

20° 20°

106°102° 104°

6°

8°

10°

18°

12°

14°

16°

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UnutilizedConsumptionTourismPower plant

Usage Basis

Hot Spring Classification Map of Thailand

Unutilized 39%

Consumption 17%

Tourism 43%

Power plant 1%